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A Weekly Newspaper, devoted to the Principles of Jeffersonian Democracy, and advocating the side of Truth iu every issue.
Vol. IV.
OREGON CITY, OREGON, NOVEMBER 13, 1858.
' No. 81.
mm-
,' A TotaoNKD Vaj.lky. A singular dis
covery has lutcly bca mado ucar Button,
In Jars, of a poisoned valley. Mr. Alex
ander London visited it lout July, and the
"following U a paragraph from a comnwiil
eation on the mliject addressed by him to
"tho Royal Geographical Society:
1 "'It Is known by the namo of Gucvo
v Upas, or rowoued V ulley, and following a
path which hoi been made for the purpose,
. the party shortly reached it witli a conplo
'of dogs and fowls for the purpose of making
.experiment. On arriring at tho foot of
the mountain, the party dismounted and
.craiublcd up tho side of tho hill, at tho
distance of a mile, with the assistance of
'the branches and projecting rooU. When
at a few yards from tho valley, a strong
.nauseous, suffocating smell was experienced;
'but on approaching tho margin the incon
venience wus no longer found. The valley
Is about half a milo in circumference, of an
oval shape, and about thirty feet deep.
." The bottom of it appeared to be flut,
without any vegetation, and a few large
.stones scattered here and thero. Skeletons
'f human beings, tigers, bears, deer, and
mil, sorts of birds and wild animals lay
boot in profusion. Tho ground on which
they lay at the bottom of tho valley ap
peared to be a hard sandy sulstance, and
too vapor was perceived. The sides were
covered with vegetation.
It was proposed to enter it, and each
of the party having lit a cigar, managed to
get within twenty feet of tho bottom,
where a sickening, nauseous smell was ex
perienced without any difficulty of breath
ing. A dog was now fastened to tho end
'of a bamboo and thrust to the bottom of
the valley, while some of the party with
their watches In their hands observed tho
effect. ' - ;..:,
V At the expiration of fourteen seconds
he fell off his legs, without moving or
looking oronml,, and continued alive only
eighteen minutes. The other dog now left
the company nnd went to his companion.
i)u reaching him he was observed to stand
Ijnite motionless, and at the end of ten sec
Touds ho fell down; ho never moved his
limbs after, nnd lived only seven minutes.
IX fowl was thrown in, and died in a min
ute nnd a quarter; and another, which was
thrown In after, died in the space of a min
ute and a half.
( . "r A heavy shower of rain fell during the
timo that theso experiment were going for
Vard, which, from the interesting nature of
the experiments, was quito disregarded.
On the opposite side of tho valley to that
which was visited lay a human skeleton.
Tho head was resting on the right arm.
Tho effect of tho weather had bleached the
Wies as white as ivory. This was proba
bly Jho remains of somo wretched rebel,
hunted toward the valley, who had tuken
shelter there unconscious of its character.
',. .Ballooning is Illinois. An amateur
neronnut having gone np in Mr. Brooks's
galloon, at Centralia, Illinois, and having
lighted safely some twenty miles distant,
tried the experiment of allowing the farmer
upon whose grounds he alighted to go np a
Short distance, say a hundred feet. This,
loo, succeeded. Then two children of Mr.
Harvey went up a little girl aged eight
years and a little boy aged three years
when-by some accident the rope slipped,
and tho balioon speedily shot up out of
sight. It was feared they would be lost.
To add tq the horror of such a flight, it
was then nearly seven in the evening, with
'darkness rapidly gathering around. The
agony of tho parents and the apprehension
cf, all may be faintly imagined. At three
o'clock, the next morning, eighteen miles
from tho i.,acc of ascent, Mr. Ignatius At
chison, who' h.'-d got np to see the comet,
u astonished, if 2' alarmed, by seeing a
oMal'objcc't in a tree about twenty yards
Iron V house. . Ho retired, waked np his
romlly, and, on re-approaching the tree,
jkeitrd eak and piteous voice call to him,
" Come fcere and let ns down, wo are al
most frozen." Mr. Atchutfn speedily pcr
eeived the astonishing nature of the case,
mustered hclp cut away several J'unbs of
the tree, and drew the car in safety to the
ground.,' The little boy was first lifted out,
and, whea placed npon his feet, instantly
ran for several yards, : then turned, and for
a taoment icontemplated the balloon with
apparently intense curiosity. TVhen the
balloon was hauled down, the1 youngest
ptiild was found asleep in the bottom of the
Basket, or caf, and the eldest carefully
tVatching oVcf bcr little brother. They
had been wafted about by different currents
"oT air throughout the nigbt, and bad come
'to a halt but a little while before they were
clicved. ,
The story the girl told was, that, ai the
.balloon ascended, she cried to her father to
puU it down. She said they passed over a
'town where she aaw great many people,
. in whom she likewise appealed at the top
of bcr voice. This place was Centralia.
The balloon was aeen to pass over there,
but the people little imagined it carried two
persons in such danger. Her little brother
cried with cold, and the heroic little girl
took off bcr apron, covered, him, and got
him to sleep, In handling tho ropes, she
happened to pull one which had the effect
of bringing tho bulloon down, and, al
though not understanding tho philosophy
of tho movement, she was quite content to
keep tho vulve open, so long as by so doing
she found sho approached the earth.
It may easily be imagined that among
the neighbors where the landed, these
children were objects of much curiosity nnd
Interest. The girl's presence of mind and
loving consideration for her brother may
well be remembered, whiio tho incident it
self was of such a remarkable character
that we opino It will not soon be forgotten
In thut section. Tho boy and girl were
conveyed home as soon as practicable, and
it Is needless to say they were received with
outstretched anns.
JKiT On tho 16th of September, at Ad
riun, Michigan, a balloon ascension was
made by Messrs. Bannister and Thurston.
The ascent and descent were perfectly suc
cessful, landing near Riga. While detach
ing tho net work, the sack of the balloon
escaped from Its fastenings and rose, carry
ing Mr. Thurston with It, who, at first, felt
no uneasiness, supposing the gas was escap
ing, and that it would soon settle down
again, which proved not to be so. He was
soon horror-stricken to find himself desti
tute of any menus of managing his vehicle.
The power to rise aud fly he had the
power to manage was left behind, and
astride of the rigging he soon shot up, out
of sight of friends, into the regions of
frost. After being up about four hours,
the balloon descended, but Thurston hud
fallen from it a short timo before, and great
efforts were being made to recover his re
mains. 8QT Political crimes, as well as curses,
" like young chickens, come home to roost."
Douglas took an active lead in repealing
the Missouri Compromise, after having de
clared it a " sacred thing," which " no ruth
lees haud should toucV He was tempted
to this in the hope of securing the Presi
dential nomination, but now the Chicago
Herald, a Buchanan organ, says that the
repeul was " not merely an unnecessary
measure, but a most mischievous revival of
the slavery agitation in Congress, to avoid
which the Democratic party had pledged
its faith to tho nation, in the Baltimore
Convention." Louisville Journal.
' Death of Dred Scott. This rather
celebrated personage died in St. Louis not
long since, a victim to consumption. Dred
was a free man, having been manumitted
by his owner shortly after the decision ren
dered in his case before the United States
Supreme Court.
Another Asteroid. A new asteroid
was discovered on the night of Friday,
September 10, by George Searle, assistant
at the Dudley Observatory. It is of about
the eleventh magnitude.. ,
New Name. Parliament has christened
New Calidonia (the Frazer river country)
" British Columbia."
-Tenacity or Life. Thomas Henley, of
Atlanta, Georgia, who was shot a few
weeks since, lived four days and nineteen
hours with a pistol ball in the right ventri
cle of the heart. ' '
J6T It is estimated that there are in the
United States 25,000 persons who make
their living wholly or partially by the sale
of patent medicines. , , .
SST The London Times grumbles at the
United States because it docs not annex
Mexico. :
J- Daniel Webster's father made a
cradle for little Dan, cut out of a pine log,
with an ax and anger; and Lewis Lass
was rocked by his mother in a second-hand
sngar trough. ' ' ... J
8- The notorious horse Cruiser, which
was tamed by Mr.,-Rarcy in England, is
now performing in a circus.
Dtir Sia Socrdimoi. 8me prwni art lur
pristd at a statement that th water upon the lei
vrmnhle olateao between Trinity nt Valentin
Ha)- from two to three milea deep in ita dfepeat
parts, having been told that there it comparauve
i. . A comDjrisoa of deep sea aonndinn
will show that !ha Uea of iuahallowaeaa ia comet,
Kn mnuured bv the almost incredible abvnea to
.hixh the olommet bat been sent. Uent Berry
man, in 1803, made eoonami in me usnuc
ocean 39,600 feet in depth, eaoal to a little over ','
nrfes; andCspt Denham, of Ui British Nary,
v.. nhtiined soondinn at the aat depth of 46,836
feet, of about 8 Englh miles. Tba highs
moontainsopon the globs might Da Harieo inw
these immense chasms and iU leare nm ocean
.bore their tallest peaks. Ths gi Himalayas,
.i.. .m. sU other tooantama. Wonld be swal-
lowed as easily th Alps. The highest peak of
thaehala is only 38,178 feet abora tne sea istoi,
and k summit Bi ght be submerged about three
mile (t the point of Cspt. DeuW deepest
sounding 1 -
t- Refrain from bitter Words: there
is only the difference of a letter between
' words' and swords. .
Thc Atlantic Tkleoba mi. There ap
pears to be great difficulty iu regard to the
working of the Atlantic Telegraph cable.
The London Timet publishes a long letter
from a correspondent at Valcntia on the
subject. The view is rather a discouraging
one, but it is nevertheless stated that " Mr.
Henley, who has been for some days mak
ing experiments upon the cablo, is su'nguiue
of making the lino again serviceable by the
uso of his powerful magucto-clectric ma
chines, which are now on their way from
Loudon." Mr. Lundy, one of the electri
cal assistants, proceeded to Newfoundland
for the purpose of ascertaining the condi
tion of the wire at the other terminus, aud
also for the purpose of arranging a day on
which a certain known code of signals is to
bo sent at concerted times from both ends,
and to endeavor thus to rc-cstublish intelli
gible communication.
The Times says, " It appears the recent
experiments induce a belief that the frac
ture, or fractures for it Is thought there
may be two will be found to exist at a
distance of between two and three hundred
miles from the shore. For about two hun
dred and thirty or two hundred and forty
miles, the depth is only four hundred and
ten futhoms, and within that range the
mischief could easily be repaired, but a sad
den descent then occurs to 1,518 futhoms,
where it is exticmely doubtful if anything
could be done., Tho probability seems that
it is at this abrupt point the damage has
been sustained."
A Break in the Atlantic Cable.
The workmen employed iu cutting up the
cable in thc machine-shop at the Brooklyn
navy yard, found a break a short time since
in the communicating copper wire, about
three-eighths of an inch long, through
which the saw passed in the solid gutta
percha, showing that the disconnection must
have occurred during the process of manu
facture, and, therefore, leading to the very
great probability that other similar lesiont
may have occurred in other parts of the
cable.
A Out Iloaaa Novi Violetta started con
vulsively, and turned her tear-drenched eye wildly
upon the speaker j fur to her there seemed some
thing familliar in thnse low, rich tones. Their
eyes met ; bis beriming with love and tenderness
hers gleaming with uncertainty. "Violetta!"
" Allendorf !" And the beautiful girl sank, from
excess of joy, upon h's noble heart, throbbing with
the pure, holy, delicious love of other dnys. Al
lendorf bent tenderly over her, aud bathed her
pure whilo tcinp'e with the gushing tears of deep.
though subdued, jny. Whilo doing this, Violctta's
father, Rip Van Snort, was seeu approaching the
lovers with a flnil. Allendorf taw the aged patri
arch, who, just as he was turning the corner of the
red barn, gave him a lift with the flail, that placed
him on the "other aide of Jordan." Violettx,
driven to distraction, threw herself npon the grass,
and for a long, long hour, was deaf to every con
solation.
IIonorasli Conditions Mnny yenre ago in
what is now a flourishing city In this State, lived a
stalwart blacksmith, fond of his pipe and his joke.
He was also fond of his blooming daughter, whose
many graces and charma had ensnared the affec
tions of a susceptible young printer. The couple
after a aeosou of mutual billing and cooing "en
gaged" themselvea, and nuthinglMit the lack of
ths consent of ths young lady's parent prevented
their union. To obtain this, an interview was ar
ranged, and the typo prepared a little speech to as
tonish and convince the old gentleman who sat
enjoying his pipe in perfect content. Typo dilated
upon their long friendship, their mutual attachment,
their hopes for the future, and other topics, and
taking the daughter by the hand, said, " I now,
sir, ask your permission to transplant this lovely
flower from its pareut bed" but his "feelings"
overcame him, he forgot the remuiuder of h's rhe
torical flourish, blushed, and stammered and fi
nally wound up with" from ita parent bed, info
my own." The father keenly relished the discom
fiture of the suitor, and after removing his pipe and
blowing a cloud replied : " Well, young man, I
don't kaow as I have any objections, provided you
marry the girl first !"
J3T The young lady who does not ap.loglxo
when you find her at work in the kitchen, but con
tinues her task till It m finished, will not fail to
make a good wife. .
ry The phrase conveying looseness of eon-
itractios, 1 A coach and four oould drive through
it,' ia now changed to 1 A lady in full dress could
walk through it.' ! ';
Msaiira ths Bur or It. A party of belated
gentlemen about a certain hour begaa to think of
borne and their wives displeasure, and urged
departure. ' Never mind,' said one of the guests,
1 fifteen minutes now will make bo difference ; my
wife ia as mad as she can be.'
How to CoNQfta Bad Habits Infi
nite toil would not enable you lo sweep
away a mist ; but by ascending a liitle you
may ofien look over it altogether! 6 it it
with oar mural improrement; we wrestle
fiercely witb a vicious habit, which hai no
hold of us if we ascend into a higher mor
al atmosphere. . .
Jty Pity expreasea itself in words
often relieve itmlf by a look. Charily as
serts itself io gifn. A man may be full of
pity, and yet extremely empty-haaded.
g& How many womrn marry that they
mar wr rich trarmen'a. Cambne nad
kerthiefs are not the only things that can
b drawn throojrh a wadding ring.
t3f If te doctor orders bak, baa not
the pa-ieot a right to fowl f
Frtm tkt Sttt York Tribunt.
Tne American Art
or
TAMING HOUSES.
ORIGINALLY
systematize and
BT JOnS I. RAREY.
PRACTICED
It Ifiitory and Differtnt Methodi, tc.
bring a complete compendium of all that
it now known of the tytttm.
Filtered, ascording to Act of Congrm, In the
year I8.'8, by IloiuciCir.ri.rr At Co., in the
Clerk'a office of the District Court of the Unilcd
States for Die Southern District of New York J
(Concluded.)
AXOTIIER METnoD OF TAUISO A HORSE; ALSO,
TO TEACH HIM TO LIB DOWN.
The horse to be operated unon should be
led into a close stublo. The operator
Bliould be previously provided with a Btout
leather halter; a looped strap to slip over
the animal's knee; a strong surcingle, and
a long and short strap the first to fasten
round the Tore-foot which is at liberty, nnd
the second to permanently secure the leg
which is looped np. The application of
the straps will be better understood by
reference to tho engraving.
In tho lirst place, if the horse bo a biter.
muzzle him; then lift and bend his left fore
leg, and slip a loop over it. Thc leg which
is looped up must be secured by applying!
we snort strap, nuckumg it around the pos
tern joint and fore-arm; next put on the
surcingle, and fasten the long strap around
the right fore-foot, and pass tho end through
a loop attached to the surcingle; after
which fasten on a couple of thick leather
knee-pads these can bo put on in tho first
place if convenient. The pnds are neccs-
snry, as some horses in their struggles route
violently on their knees, abrading them
badly. Now tuke a short hold of the long
strap with your right hand; 'stand on the
left side of the horse, grasp tho bit in your
left hand; while in this position back him
gently about tho stable until he becomes so
exhausted as to exhibit a desire to lie down,
winch should bo gratmcd with as little vio
lence as possible; bear your Weight firm
ly ngaiiiRt tho shoulder of tho horse, and
mil stendily on the strap with your right
land; this will force him to raise his foot,
which should be Immediately pulled from
under him. This is the critical moment;
cling to the horse, and after a few struggles
he will lie down. In bearing against the
animal do.not desist from pulling and push
ing until you have him on his side. Pre
vent him from attempting to rise by pulling
his head toward his shoulder. As soon as
he is dono struggling caress his face and
neck; also handle every part of " his body,
and render yourself as fnmiliur as possible.
After he has lain quietly lor twenty min
utes let him rise, and immediately repeat
the operation, removing the straps as soon
as be is down; and if his head is pulled
toward his shoulder it is impossible for him
to get up. After throwing him from two
to five times the animal will become as sub
missive and abject as a well trained dog,
and yoa need not bo afraid to indulge in
any liberties with him. A young horse is
subdued much quicker than an old one, as
his habits are not confirmed. An incorrig
ible horse should have two lessons a day;
about thc fourth lesson he will be perma
nently cotiquercd. If the operation is re
peated several times, he can bo made to lie
down by simply lifting np his fore-leg nnd
repeating the words " Lie down, sir," which
he must be previously made fumiliar with.
The following rules will serve as a guide
to the amateur operator, nnd should be
strictly observed: First: Tho horse muRt
not be forced down by violence, but must
be tired out till ho hus a strong desire to
lie down. Secondly: He must be kept
quiet on the ground until tho expression of
the eye shows that he is tranqiiilizeu, which
invariably takes place hy patiently waiting
and gently patting the horse, llnrdly:
Care must be taken not to throw thc horse
upon his neck when bent, as it may easily
be broken. Fourthly: In backing htln no
violence must be used, or he may be forced
on his haunches and his back broken.
Fifthly: The halter and off-rein are held in
the left hand, so as to keep the head away
from the latter; while, if the horse attempts
to plunge, the halter is drawn tight, when.
the off-leg being raised, the animal is
brought on his knees, and rendered power
less for offensive purposes.
The operations of teaching a horse to
follow a man, and also to cure him of kick
ing and balking, should be preceded by the
throwine-down process, and in bad cases
hy the choking operation, as the animal is
thus rendered gentle, tractable, officiously
obedient to whatever he can be taught to
comprehend. This subseqnent educational
course ia necessary in order to render the
reformation permanent.
BOW TO BREAK COLTS.
The following instructions witb relation
to the management and breaking of colta,
and the subsequent operations npon obdu
rate and ungovernable horses, were origin
allv written and published by Mr. Rarey
some three rears ago, and are an important
part of bia system, although coming more
particularly under the head of training ra
ther than taming. If a colt is properly
broken in his first encounter with man, the
necessity for a method of taming, other than
that wed for wild bone, would never bare
been experienced, therefore these Instruc
tions are peculiarly valuable,
now to halter, saddle, and bridle a CO LT.
In breaking a colt, we should first en
deavor to make him conscious of what If
required of him. Fettering him with a
halter for tho Unit time, placing the saddle
upon his baek, fuxtciiing the girths, are all
mutter of paramount importance, demand
ing the greatest degree of patience, perse
verance, and an intuitive kuowledgc of bis
idiosyncrasies.
llefbre putting a halter upon a colt, he
must bo rendered familiar with it by cures
ing him and permitting him to cxamiuo the
article with his nose. Then place a por
tion of it over his head, occasionally giving
it a slight pull, and iu a few minutes ho will
be accustomed to these liberties, and then
thc halter may bo fastened on properly.
To teach him to lead Is another difficulty.
Stand a little on ono side, rub his nose and
forehead, tnko hold of the strap aud null
gcntlv, and at tho sumo time touch him
very lightly with tho end of a long whip
across liis hind legs. This will make him
start and advance a few gUM. Repeat the
operation several times, and he will toon
learn to follow you by simply pulling the
halter. The process of saddling aud brid
ling is similar. Tho mouth of tho colt
should be fretiiiently handled, after which
introduce a plain miulue between his teeth
and hold it there with ono band and caress
him with the other. After a time he will
ullow tho bridlo to be pluccd upou him.
The saddle can now bo brought in and
rubbed against his nose, bin ueek and his
legs; next hang the stirrup strap across Ins
bock, and gradually insinuate the saddle
into its pluee. Tho girth should not be
fastened until ho becomes thoroughly ac
quainted' with tho saddle. Tho first
tunc the girl li is buckled it should be done
so loosely ns not to attract his attention;
subsequently it enn bo tightened without
: i.i... t.i. t. lf-.. 1
iiiKiiiriuu: mill Willi lenr, siikh, h uimtriirai,
immediately it would most atvuredly do.
In this manner the wildest colt can be ef
fectually subjugated by such imperceptible
degrees that he gives tttcit obodienco before
he is aware of his altered condition.
THE PROI'F.R WAY TO BIT A COLT.
Fanners often put a bitting harness on
a colt tho first thing they do with him,
buckling up the bitting as tight as they con
draw it, to make him curry his head high,
and then turn him out in a lot to mil half
a day at a timo. This is one of the wont
punishments that they could inflict on a
colt, and very injurious to a young horse
that has been used to running In pasture
with his head down.
A horse should bo well accustomed to
the bit before you put on tho bitting har
ness, and when you first bit him you should
only rein his head up to that point where
he naturally holds it, let tlint be high or
low: ho will soon learn that he cannot low
er his head, and that raising it a little will
loosen the bit in Ins mouth. J. his will give
him the idea of raising his head to loosen
the bit and then you can draw the bitting
a little tighter every time yoa put it on,
and he will still raise his head to loosen it.
By this means you will gradually get his
head and neck iu the position yon wish him
to carry it, and give him a graceful carriuge,
without hurting him, making him angry, or
cansing his mouth to get sore.
If you put tho bitting on very tight the
first timo, ho cannot raise his head enough
to loosen it, but will bear on it ail the time,
aud paw, sweat, nnd throw himself. Many
horses have been killed by lulling buckward
with the bitting on; their heads being
drawn up, stiiko the ground with the whole
weight ot the body, llorscs that have
their heads drawn up tightly should not
have the bitting on more than fifteeu or
twenty minutes at a time.
HOW TO HARNESS THE COLT.
You should, by all means, have your
harness mado to fit your horse, especially
the collar. Hundreds of horses have been
spoiled by collars that do not fit as they
should. A little attention to this matter
beforehand will facilitate your progress
very much. Tako your harness into the
stable; go through the whole process thut
you did with the saddle, letting the colt
examino your harness satisfactorily; and
after you have it all complete, put on your
lines; uso them gently, as ho is rather skit
tish, until he is used to them a little; then
lead him back and forth in the stable until
he does not seem to mind tho fitting of thc
harness to his body; then take hold of the
end of the traces and pull slightly at first,
increasing your strength until he will pull
you across the stublo baek and forth; then
bitch him to whatever you wish him to
pull.
.TO HlTCn CP THE COLT.
This should be done with great cantion,
first letting him examine thc buggy or sulky
in his own way of examining objects; then
carefully hitch him np; having everything
safe, let him start the buggy empty, and
null that nt first in that wav: then iret In.
and let him take it slow, and he will not be
near so apt to scare, and by degrees yoa
will be making a good work-boast.
If yon want to have a horse that will be
true to pull, and that thinks he could poll
mountain, never hitch him to anything that
he cannot pull, and after he is used to pull
ma. he iust thinks that he can null anv
thing, because he always has, and he docs
not know anything about bis strcngtb be
yond bis experience.
the iixd or bit, axd row to accustom a
COLT TO IT,
Yon should nse a large, smooth, snaffle
bit, so as not to hurt his month, with a bar
on each aide to prevent the bit from pulling
through either way. This yoa should at
tach to the head-stall or your bnuie and
out it on vour colt without any reins to it,
and let him run loose in a large stable or
shed some time, until he becomes a little
used to the bit, and will bear it without
trying to get it ont of bis month. It would
he well, if convenient, to repeat this several
times before yoa do anything mora witb
the colt as soon as he will bear the bit,
attach siuglo rein to It, without any mar
tingale. You should alto have a halter on
vour colt, or a bridle made after the fash
ion of a baiter, with a strap to it, to that
yon can hold or lead him aliout without
pulling on the bit much, lie ii now ready
for the saddle.
now to xor.vT the colt.
First soothe him well on both sides, about
the saddle, and all over, until be will stand
still without holding, aud is nut afraid to
see you anywhere alxiut him.
As soon as yon liavo him tints gentled,
get a small block, about one foot or eight
een inches Iu bight, and set It down by the
tide of him, about where you want to stand
to mount him) step up on this, ruining your
self very gently; horses notice every change
of position very cloudy, and, if you wire to
step suddenly on the block, It would be very
apt to scare him; but by raising yourself
gradually on it, ho will see you without be
ing frightened, In a position very near tbo
same as when you are ou his buck.
At soon as he will In-ar thlf without
alarm, untie the stirrup-strut) next to yon,
and nut your left foot into the stimip, and
stand iunro over it, holding your knee
against the horse and your too out, so aa
not to touch him under the shoulder with
the toe of your boot. I'luce your right
hand on the front of the saddle, aud on the
opposite side of you, taking hold of a por
tion of the mnno and reins, as they hang
loowly over the neck, with your left hand;
then gradually bear your weight on the stir
rup, and on your right hand, until the horse
feels your whole weight on the saddle.
Repeat this several times, each time rais-
ing yourself a little higher from the block,
until he will allow you to raise your leg
over his croup aud place yourself in the
saddle.
There are three great advantage! in
having a block to mount from. First, a
sudden change of position is very apt to
frighten a young horse who has bever bern
handled. He will allow you to walk up to
him and stand by bis side without Bearing
at you, because you have wonted him to
that position, but if yoa get down on your
hands and knees and crawl toward him, ha
will be very much frightened; and upon the
same principle, he would frighten at your
new position if yon hod the power to bold
yourself over his buck without touching
him. Then, tho first great advantage cf
the block in to gradually accustom him to
that new tosition in which he will see yoa.
when you ride him.
Secondly, by the process of leaning your
weight Iu the stirrups and In your hand,
you can gradually accustom him to vour.
weight, so as not to frighten him by hav
ing him feel it all at once. And, in the
third place, the block elevates yon so that
you will not have to muke a spring in or
der to get on the horse's back, but from it
you enn gradually raise yourself Into the
saddle.
Bl'BSEQl'EKT EDl'CATION'AL LESSON'S tSf HORSE
TAUIKO- HOW TO Bl'DDl'E A KICKING HORSE.
A kicking horse is the wont kind of a,
horse to undertake to subdue, and more
dreaded by mail than any other; indeed, it
tt-rmM not tin too much to snv that thev
are more dreaded than all other bad and
vicious horses put together. 1 ou often
hear the expression, even from tho horse
liH'kpva tlienmelves. " I don't care what be
docs, so be doesn't kick." Now, a kicking
. . . i. 1 . 1. ... i
horse can tie iiroKcn iroin Kicking in nar,
ncss, and effectually broken, too, though It
u ill rennlrp unmfi timo to itinnii't! him safe
ly; but perseverance and patience by thii
...1. ...Ill .! It .,!, ...II.. Vl,..n ,.. iwn
rUlu Will uu lb mui.limiij. i, inn jwu p,v
to harness a norso iniii you Know notuiug
nlmur if von want to find out whether lie
is n kicking horse or not, yon can uncertain
that luct by stroking in tne nnnk wnere tne
hair lies upwards, which you enn discover
easily on any horse; just stroke him down
with tho ends of your fingers, and If he doea
. . t i f . . ?, i i i 1. 1-1 i i
not BWUCII Ills UU1, IIUU biiuhb ins ueuu, aim
hiv hnrlf hi r-aru. or vomn of these, vou
need not fear his kicking; if ho does any or
all these, Bet nun nown lor a KicKing norso,
and watch him closely.
W'hpn vnn harness a kiekintr horse, have
a strap about three feet long, with a buckle
on one end; have several holes punched lit
the strap; wrap it once around ins leg jnsx
nlmvK the hoof: lift nil bis foot touching; hil
body ; put tho strap around the arm of his
leg, and buckle It; then you can go Dcnina
him, and poll bock on the traces; vou must
not fear his kicking while his foot is np, for
it is impossible for him to do It. Practice
him In this wny awhile, and he will soon
learn to walk on three legs. You should
not hitch him np until you have practiced
him with his leg tip two or three times,
pulling on the truces, and walking him
nlnnnr. A Iter vou have practiced him a few
times in this way take np his foot as direct
ed; hitch him to something, and canse him
to pnll it a snort instance;
tk-ii IuLa l.im nnf rarpsa him evr-rr lima
you work with him. Yon will find it more
convenient to fasten np ins Kit lore-iooi,
because that is tne side yon are on. Alter
yon have had him hitched np onee or twice
yon should get a long strap: put it around
bis foot aa before directed (above the hoof
and below thc pastern Joint) ; put it through
a ring iu your harness; tnko hold of it in
yotrr hand; mum mm np gpntiy, ana u no
makes a mot on to kick, you can pun up
his foot aud prevent it. 1 on should nse
this strap nntil you have him broken from
kicking, which will not take very long.
Yoa should hitch a kicking horse by him
.,.if. nn ran manace him better in this war
than to hitch him by the side of another
horse.
HOW TO BREAK A HORSE PROM SCARIXO.
It la an established rule In philosophy,
that there ia no effect without a cause, ana
if so, there must lie some cans for the Bear
ing of a horse. The horse acares either from
imagination or from pain.' JTow; H ia
law of his nature, that if yoa will convince
him that any object wdl not hurt him,
there Is no danger of his scaring a( It, no
matter bow frightful it may be ie appe af
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