AnvKitTisixa rtATw.
On ur (13 Uiim er lit) en inwrllun, X)9
" two iiiMiiitais, 4Q
- lim e insertions, !,!!)
l'r lulswueul insert oil, Jbl)
(tsssoasb's deductions lo tl,i- tike ailvuuM by
lb year.
tPrtUS-'l'tH A suits will In Jnrnitlieil at
Thrtt OMurt and 1'ijiu Vtutt n,r annum, in
a Jennet, la migli luutcribtri I'krtt JMUiri
ion r It I N T I X (i .
TirV rsoraia-ioa or tn AllCl'd is lurry
to inform tin public llial li nu jest iwrlved a
hop stw-k uf Jolt TYI'K aud eil.rr new print
liiK nun. r si, sud will U in lli in.y iriVit v
addition suited to all the n)uiien.eii's of lliis li.
tack la emui oj Itn al oat office in adduce
When Hit uniieij it nut p,nd in odeamt, four
DilUrt Kill It churn id if paid within lix
MoifSt, a id l-'ire dulUrt al the trnlnf Ike year.
A Weekly Newspaper, devoted to the Principles of JcfltM'soniaii Democracy, and advocating tie side of Truth in every iiwue.
I ff- I at liiujrt lur hm moulhtnn tuutcnp
Hunt rtftioed fur a tett period.
Nj piptr ditennli.iued nnlit all urrtmngn
an paid, u ( al Ike nptiunnl On pulilither.
eal.iy. IUNIMiIU. IWHW, II A.N KM,
CAUIIM. ( HtCt I.AI1H, l'A.Mni.K.l.;K.
Vol. IV.
OREGON CITY, OREGON, APRIL 24, 1858.
No. 2.
sad iHlior kinds, dune le older, en short i.ot r.
,T11B OREGON ARGUS.
hslisiiku imr stTustur uoahinu,
BY WILLIAM L. ADAMS.
Ik
nt'.HOI.V'f MtSH
Adoptra by lit tV-puliUrse HlaU l'.onvra
Una, Avrtl ih:..
Iv-miIvihI, Isi, Tliui lha Kepuhliean
parly, true lu tliu principles tlml form ti e
basis of our free mid democratic ivli'iil nf
government, reullirins to them i'a unalter
bio tbtotion, as laid down in tbu blood
bought cliiiiiur ill' American libT'y, llif
Declaration of Independence, Add iletvl'
oi'-J in the Cony iiiition of lh United
Isiulon, hihI llmt the prosperity hiiI per pa
luiiy of our Union depend upon it strict
Ulllli-rullCU 10 llll lloCtlille tnllglll, mid the
right guarantied in iho.e honored repos
itories of rt-1 u Id iciin frith.
' Resolved. 2ml, That in relation to ihe
institution ofdumcsiio olii very, wu remain
where llm pulrioi who fofiiifil our insti
tutions pldtiied themselves, and where I li u
leading statesmen uf nil parlies, unlil uilli
in a reePnl period, trim harmoniously
t'hul Mint it U a purely local, not geiier
III, .Stii'.", mnl not iiutionul, in-lii tti ion
deti-riiii miUc by llic Slices, each for itself
-over which tlie oilier State have, no
cuntrul hihI lor which no responsibility.
(..-solved, 3d, 'I'lmt with Wtniliiiijjftot!,
Ji'tb-rsjii, Madison, Frank lin, mid their
compeer and c'llelnporurii's, who in tlie
framing of l lii Constitution matin effectual
p'oiUion furtlio Hnniliiliitiuii oflliu iralfio
-in slave, u til who were especially anxious
lliul iliul instrument aIiouJ contain no nil
mission of tho righlof one man tu hold
properiy in another, w believe uluvpry to
lu a political, 'cinl, u ml niuriil evil; and
while wit di-cluim all right and inulinalion
to interfere tviili il una municipal regula
lion of any of the KoverciL'U Stale of Hip
Union, believe I liiii Hip org.iuiu act of
1737 for the fovi'r piitofiill lln terriio-
ry llieii heliijing In ilia Republic, penned
by lli.iici'iUJ"iTi'rnoii, approved by the
iiniiiorinl Washington, aud i-li icily adln-ri'd
to in tlm f.jriii iii 'ii f every lprritori.il
govoriimPnl fi'oitl 1 1 in I liimi down In l-'il,
cmb djpi lllu only of Coor-sH in lutunii
".ovi-mnii'iii for ilm T' rutorips thai in,
Hip iion-PxlPliioii of sl.ivprv.
Kfiolviil, 4Ji, That tlie iinfortiinnip
Oi'par'iirp fioin thai i incid in iIip latp
mui orjuii'Ktnj; llm Territury of KaiHan, lu
vlncli ! diri'i'tly tracp iIip bilipr ngiu
llun whicll lias ilexlMiypil ilin p'iic-, and
r.-ilil.oii'il wiih ilia I'lo.d of ltr..t Ii.tk I !
viiyin soil, of thai 1'iir land, him prou d lV
in bilUT fruiiH th ui bun oT tint ancient
policy which il has unppl'mli'd,
K'ii!v,'d, Sih, Thai 'p iiind Ly and
maintain, an did our fur.'1'alhprs, tme pop
ular mnvrptjrtiiy, and llm iimliiMialdu rihl
oftha ppoplv) to jjuvitii llii'iii lip ; bnl
vn dpiiv tlrit a liuin is drpriwd of Iipm
tmlfMi li pnjoy iIip privil.-tf of pnnlavini;
olhprn, and allirin thai 'lie n oill ol'sncli a
ilnciitiip would be to found iIip lilriy of
Hip ci'iz''ii upon a baKiu of di-spoUsm.
. UpmjIvpiI, Olli, Thai llm iiilPinpl upon
the pan uf ilia presnnt IVmOLTHlio ndinin.
iiira'ion in foiup upon tin- pcopln of Kan
k:is a vuiiNti nil ion uhliotit hi to a lai'i;p
in ij riiy of in ciliZi'im, aiul in mivtain in
pov.-r a asiirpin ami tyrannical iniiioriiy
naiiist tip. kii'in a will uf llm r.-niaindpr,
is an uutragp lint to ho bonin bv a fre-p
ppopip, an I wp hupp thai, plairin ib- ni
hcIvps liniily upon lh iiinnorlal Iroili lirs!
euuuc'ui 1 I bv iIip IX'claia'ioii ol ndpp'iid.
piiop. " ihat all "ovcriiillcnta derive lln ir
jilt povprs fro.il t!m coiikiiUI of iIih giv
ernpd,'' !ipy will bB alilp lo wrr st tioin
U'pir uppri-ssor thai hit: It Is inpniiinalilp
to a fi'on pi-oph' and fu'inidablp io ty rutin
only ilu-rihl locmnp.-l ihv nilcrs to con
form lo I hi' uitdicy "filio ruhd.
, It-sulvpil, Mi, That w tiwiat that llio
li'.'hl in trnvertt nec-ssarily follows Hip riyht
to nuq lirp and hold turriury, and l lint in
providing; a jjuViTimiPlil for a 'lerriiury
unjer tliii rihl il should bo busud tipou
the iiialinnablti rilitsof the pPOdp, and we
arraign tho modprn RVstfin as prai-iicully
Carried uui in Kan.n for kit iiupi and C"os
violalion of lliPH'- principlp, and alfirm thai
Hm dark c Ualooae of wrongs and ciimeii
cbmrnitlpil by tlm Ue and i xi-tiug Ad
minis' rations against popular rights in ihut
Tut liiury deip'rvo llm execration of every
lovpr of frppdnin of I lie prem-iit day, and,
us tliPtr jitt reward in history, mi iiimior
taliiv of infamy.
. Resolved, 8lh, That thn late parlisail
decision of the SupreniP Court in ilie ease
of Dred Sco't, which inak'-a ih Conniini
tion a jtrand thin instrument lo every
holder of i-!ivp, is a disgraca io tbu Ju
dtciai
uf tint nation, and a stain upon the
i,'..,:.;.pr of our?"mi,rV
wlitmu proudpft
boartisiu love of libpriy in iw lurj:eM ,
bense and it iy"in,,y t'.rry
f"lUolvpd, Oth. That we congratulate
nrsve5 and The people of Orem upon
the result or tho4ie petion upon the
iiieslionof slavery asa triumph of Hie
.Republican doctrine of non-extpiisimi, and
wb onlv insist ihat we ouubt to use our
itiflaeiice wherpver it can be pilinmlpy
done to secure to olhpr TerrjiorionliP saine
p.icpUs blpinaof fw'"" w inch by
such a graiilyinu majority we aeem to
fallv to appreciate for oors.-vetl.
ftpS.dved, lOili, That the recklrns prol.
jrality ofnaiionaltrp"ire which has char,
icterized the Wo pr'm iVniocratic
Administrations, brin-in to bankropt.-y
a neasnry hoe vaults hv received 30,
000 UUI) per annum, and n.-ewiiaiing
loan' in a lime of .pcp, i's clear and de
mon.tralivR pr-ajfof thai waHefal extrav
a..arIOrt "hichhaa plundered the na.ioii
and turned iia treasury into a ahinpUster
machiop, with nodiinj; but IU credit to
usiain iia finances.
Ji Wvpd, llih, That lha raciflc Rail
road is no lonil-r an enterpri ofdoiiblf.il
pxtx-diency, lot has bemuip one of mir.
Mi e commercial and national neCewiiy;
and we favor ita cuasiradion on any an
tral and pradieable route by ill aid of the
General Government given in och a man
ner at miy bp bn.-t ealculatrd lo elTcct
arly completion.
Rpwlved, 12th. That we faror appro
priafioot hj Congrew for tba iroproenit8t
ofriwra und harbor of a national char
uc I IT,
Resolved, 10ih, That the political doir
inasvonuhl rpccntly io be eslablisliPil by
at party mylitl.; ilinn-elvev Dnnocrais in
l It its I erritury, which nsafrl the duty of
a representative or del. into in some in
tancm lo be to obey I he iuslriiclions nf
his cinstiiiiriiU while in others pecitiad he
it bound to disregard iliein and bow to III?
will of others, is dangerous and anthrepiih
liuan in lis teiidencv, and worthy to be
sostuiurd only by a parly that every where
is known as the a II V of personal vassalage
ami the advocate or parlan desHiiinn.
Ilpsolveil, Ulli. I hat we believe in the
nirriiuiineli'il rihl of the ciiixeii to ihiak
and vote as he dease, mid we uliprly du
ii v the rinlil of any reprekputaiivn under
any ci'cunisiniics to viulute Hie uisiruo
lions or known will of the people ho rep
rPA.-iii.
Rpsolved, 15th, That the present r!em
or vol mi rro voce, tu'roilucpd bv that
party loul.j. ct the siiI1Vjiji' of iheci'izen
lo the mririHance of iMini-an inspectors,
ami awn bun, under ll.e penalty ol beluii
bumded as a traitor, into abject submission,
is a relic of bnrliari.m, which finds fit
friends in A parly whose uhnlp organization
is devoted io the exiinttuiahineiil of eve.
ry vpnrk of peraonal freedom, and siiljpcls
Us ineniiiers lo Hip enlirp control of an aris
tocracy of leader; and that with nidi a
party we are prou I to have neither syin
fnitli v nor coinutuiiiun.
Hr. Mcwaril aa Ike Btavery QartUoat
On the 31 of Ma'eh, Hon. Win. II Sew
nrd delivered an elaborate speech in tin
Senate, on the i-lavpry issues pern-rally
the bill for the admission nf Ivatisns under
the Lnvo'itpton cnnsiituiion bi'in under
consideralioii. U'e can give no more than
h biiif alistracl of this speech, which is
pronounced the uUest ever niadti by Mr,
Seward
Mr. S, said that the question of slavery
in the federal Irrriuiiies, which are the
uurseric of future S'lites, indepeiideiilly
of all its mural and immune elements, in
volves a dynaslical struyln of two anta.
o'lislical systems, the labor'of slates and
tint labor of freemen, for mastery in the
federal Union. One of these, systems par.
Likes of mi aristocratic character; th
other is purely democratic. Kadi one nf
I lie existing Suite has slaked, or it will
uliimutely stake, not only its internal we!
fare, but also ita iiiilueiico in the federal
c nincils on the decision of that contest,
Such a atrnggld is not to be arrested,
qui lled, r recompiled by temporary expe
dient or compromise. (Io aaid that the
admivsiuii of a new State is not necessarily.
or even cii-lmnurily, attended by O'her
pinbair.is-tnriits or hl.irms. We hava al
ready admitted eigliteeu hew Stales, with
out s-riuus (.'ummotioiiR, except in the
ca-a's f Misouri, Texas, and Califoinin,
We urn even now admitting two others.
.Miitui'suia and Oregon ; and these trans
actions j;o on o smoothly that only close
observers aru aware thai we are thus con-
srilidaiitt" our dominion on the shores of
Lake Superior, and almost at the pile of
Hip Arelio Ocean. It is manifest that the
apprehended difficulties in thn present case
have some relation lo the disputp concern
in;; slavery, which is raping jn the Terri
tory of Kansas. Vet it mu-t he remem
bered that nine of the new Slates which
have been admitted expressly established
slavery or tolerated il, and nine nf them
forbade It. The pxcilernent, therefore, is
lue to ieculiarcirciinistaucea. Up thought
lliere were three ol them, nanielv !
KirM That whereas, in the beginuin';,
I lie ascendency of the slave Stales was ab
solute il is now being reversed.
Second That, whereas, hpre'ofore the
National (ioverniitelit f.unred this change
of balance from Hie slate States to the free
Stales, il has now reversed tbu policy and
opposes the ehaiis.'e.
I i.inj I lint Aiitinriul intervention in
the Territories in U tor of slave labor and
slave S ales, is opposed lo the na'ural, ao
cial, and moral developments of the Re
public.
f .1 . . .if!iln ie .Q-w. I
in nrfrmii'i nieHci u- .ttw-..., v.- '
ard said that Nebraska was resigned to
fiee labor without a strupgle, and Kansa-
became the theater of the first actual na
tional conflict between slaveliolding and
free labor imtniorants, who met face to
face, lo oranize, lhrouh the machinery of
rppublicau action, a civil community.
In Ibis fir.l hour of trial, the new system
of popular sovereignty signally faihd
failed b cause it is impossible lo organize
by one single ac?, in one day', a community
perfectly free, perfeelly sovereign, aud
perfectly ponsliiuted, out of elements un.
assimilHled, tmarranged, and nnenntposed.
Free labor rightfully won the day. Slave
lalior wrested the victory to ilaelf by fraud
and violence.
In sakin;j of the opinion pronounced
by the Supreme Court of the t'uited Slates
in ihe Dred Scott case, Mr. Seward said
lu this ill omened act, it forgot it en
.tii.niir. which bad alway been maintained
.r.i. ;..st i-dici! iealouT. TlieTfo'cot
n,,tlp,c.of.CoUrtU
dlccre! and not at all )u aare. i ry j
rorgot, also. Ihat one 'fotil science dr.(
more harm than many loul examples, fcr
,h.ltdo bat corrapt th. atre.m, bil
ttoTJc
l hey noil the President alike forgot thai
judicial usurpation i nioro odious and in
tolerable than any other among the niani
fold practices of tyranny."
Having traced, step by alep, the history
of Kansas affair, Mr. Seward then gave a
concise account of the national intervention
in the territories in fatnr of slave labor
and slave States since 1820, nddinv " No
wender thai the question before us excites
apprehension aud alarm. There Is al last
a North side of this Chamber, a North aide
ol the Clumber of llpprescutaiives,
Noun slue ot the union, as well as a
Souili side of all these. Each ofthein is
watchful, jealous, and resolute. If it be
t'ue, as has so often been asserted, ihat this
Union cannot survive the decision by Con
gress of a direct question involving the
ndoplion of a freo Stat into this Union,
which will establish I he ascendency of tree
States under lbs Constitution, and draw af
ter It the restoration of the influence f
freedom in the domestic aad foreign con
duel ol the Government, then the day of
dissolution is at hand."
The Supreme Court of the United States
attempts in command the people of the
Uuiied Stales to accept the principle ihat
otin man can own other men, and that they
must gunrnnty the inviolubility of that
f.ilne and pernicious pinperty. The peo
ple of the United Slates never can, and
ihey never will, accept principles se uncon
stitutional, and to abhorrent. Never, nev
er. Let the court recede: whether it
recede or not, e shall ruorguuizo the court,
and thus reform its political sentiments and
bring them into harmony with the Consti
tution and with the laws of nature. In do
ing to we shall not only reassume our own
just authority, hut we shall restore thai
high tribunal itself lo the position it ought
to maintain, since so many alienable righls
of citizens, and even of Status themselves,
lepviid upon it impartiality and its wis
dom.
"If you," Mr Seward said, " attempt to
coerce Kansas into the Union under the
Lecompion Constitution, the people of Hint
Territory will resort to civil war if neces
sary, iou nro pledged to nut down that
revolution by the sword. Will the people
listen to tour voice amid the thunders of
your cannon f Let but one drop f the
blood ol n Tree citizen be shed thero by the
federal army, and the countenance of every
representative of a free Siale, in either
House uf Congress, will blanch, and his
tongue will refuse to utter the vole necev
sary to sustain tho army i'l the butchery
of his fellow citizens.
"All parlies in ibis country that have
tolerated the txtensinn of slavery, except
one, have, perished for that error already.
That last one, the Democratic party, is
hurrying on irretrievably Inward ihe same
fate. A pit, deeper aud darker, is still
opening to receive ihis Administration, be
cause it miis more deeply than iis prede
cessors." OCT It is a fact which cannot be disput
ed, says Hie New York Herald, with a just
ness altogether extraordinary in ihat
erratic sheet, thai American oratory and
statesmanship, taking Congressional dj.
bates n exponents, hnve been gradually
declining within the past seven or eight
year. Our first class men like the
Web'ters, Clays, Randolphs, Durgcsses,
Calhoun, ISentous, and llaynes are no
longer found in Congress. They are in
the law courts, or editing the journals, or
writing ihe histories of the nation, tn the
present House there are some clever tac
ticians, hard. working men in cninmi'tee,
and clever parliamentary dodgers thai is
all. lu the Senate we find a higher order
of ability) and could name half a dor.eu
men, not first rate, bui high among the
second rales. Il is imjiossible lo deny ihat
the Herald a estimate is drawn with per
fect exactness. Louitville Journal.
OT Tho American press of Kentucky
a unit in opposition lo tlie Lecompion
swindle, and the Maystille Kagle piedids
thai Marshall and Underwood. th Ameri
can Rpprispnlatire in Congress, will go
against il on the final vole. Il says ihey
voted against the investigation, b'cause
they thought (he frauds so evident as to
require no further eiosiire.
During the late Ilaplis.1 prnlracled
meeting m Lagrange, MUsauri, a young
man of some seventeen years of age, named
j. B. Fuller, who had gained considerable
notoriety in ihat quarter as a theatrical
performer, joined the bcfore-ineniioned
church; and at ence set about preparing
himself for ihe ministry. He has been li
censed to preach, aud has entered upon
his mission, and accounts say he is creating
th greatest sensation wherever ha goes,
proving himelf a most wonderful boy."
With reference to his preaching, the La
! grange American says
At the first, second, and third sermons,
nnt M(TnlMB years or age to originate
1lih &IM.outMt m hlt 0WB brain. Each
iU0ef.t ... an 'raeBt
ih. Uf. ndpo. V
the highest meed of praise. The oldest
ministers prpscttl saiil that ihey had never
before listened to such powerfully .delivered
truths, and to such thrilling eloquence.
The congregation hav been exciied to ihe
highest pitch the church is crowded t
overflowing Ilia greatest religlnua feel
ing ha been awakened, nod the interest and
iulluenct of the 'boy preacher' is rapidly
spreading far around."
CO" Al a meeting of ihe Democracy
held recently in Hartford, Connecticut, to
elect delegates to the State Convention,
I)oulus Democrat were stlrcled, by a
vote of I wo to one. This is doing pretty
well, when it la remembered that every
Democratic newspaper in that Slate i for
Lecompion, nearly every proprietor ofj
these journal holding Government of
fice.
(r The Washington State says: "In
seventy or morn of the hundred couniir
of Illinois, meetings have been held by the
Democracy, nnd resolutioas unanimously
adopted, disapproving, in ihe strongest
terms, the policy of admitting Kansas witli
the Lecompion Constitution. The Den
ocrary of the remaining connties will hold
meetings, and utler similar opiuioas. The
Illinois Democracy are united on this ques
tion."
Srnatok Douglas Arouskd. The
Washington correspondent of the New
York Independent gives ihe following
sketch of Douglas in the Senai:
'The power of hi logic is terrible
against his opponents; and there are few
in i ho Senate or out of it who like la wake
ihe linn up. He is impulsive, and oo the
least intimation of a brush from his oppo
neti's, throws himself into the ring hurl
ing argument at their heads thick as hail
and with ihe force of trip-hammers. Upon
seeing him in these encounters, with his
opponents popping all around him, launch
ing their questions as hunters would their
spears al a lion at bay, I am often reminded
of fit?. James with his back to the rock
and his trusty blade in hit hand. When
he has silenced and discomfited the host
around him, he towers tip in all the
strength and bravery of lha hero of ihe
Alamo, w ho stood surrounded by hi wind
rows of dead. He says he fought thai
doctrine ef " popular sovereignly" through
against theeniira North and west in good
faith, and if for for his fealiy lo the doctrine
he Is to be persecuted lo a political dea'h
bv his Democratic brethren, he wives them
fair notice that he shall die hard."
Parso Urownlow on Fillibuster
Wa!.kp.r and President Buchanan.
Parson Utotvnlow.ofthe Knott ille(Tcnn.)
Whig, is not choice in the selection of
words, but " speaks right out." In a ro
cent article on Fillibuster Walker's cap
lure, lis sayst
" When Walker was arrested, and held to
bail in the sum of t'2,000 to appear at the
Federal Court in New Orleans, Col. Slat.
ier, a rich old bachelor of the city, went
his bail. Sluiler is the owner of the City
Hotel, and the New Orleans Arcade, two
houses he rents fur about forty thousand
dollars. lie has forty thousand in the
Nicaragua enterprise, has been the friend
of Walker nil lite lime. Ex Senator Soule
also has large investments in Central
America, nrnl both of iheso men went be.
fure Buchanan, with Walker, and beard
him promise Yixlktr not to interrupt him
in hit expedition. Walker demands his
trial, and both these men will be witness.
ps, and will twear this in the Federal
Court. What n fix it will place ihe old
hypocrite in! It will place him where he
stood lit years ago, in the affair of " bar
gain, intrigue and corruption, " whicll he
originated against Clay, hacked up by old
George Kreemert It will show him up to
the world, as a hypocrite, a two faced nnd
insincere man, and grey-haired old dema
gogue I
" It is a disgrace lo any grocery Iceepet,
to be delected in such duplicity. It is ua
worthy of a common black leg. But ho
much more disgraceful to the President of
the United States! Th testimony nf these
two men will be believed throughout the
State of Louisiana, and upon their testimo
ny, Walker will be acquitted by ihe Court,
at the expense nf Buchanan's character."
John Mirctui.L turned Know-Noth-
ino. Our readers recollect an anecdote of
John Mitchell, the Irish refugee, published
a short lime since in the Gazette in which
he is represented as having ssid to a dar
key he own or hires "Sambo, we are
going to open the African slave trade, and
bring regular jet black, ivory toolhed, Gui
nea nitirers into this country. What do
you think of it I"
Sambo replied" Well, matrsa, link it
would be a gooJ ting, and keep all dese
low (rish out."
John seems to bat e been seriously think
ing of th darVie's answer, and ha finally
resulted to be guided by bis superior wis
dom, for he i. now denouncing in the
Southern Citizen -the p.per he publishes
in Tennessee the naturalization law, and
! ft.trt l)lttf ,nfy ,r, tf pe,K(J, the
.$ qJ
, prium and
" iU. r..,.,u
' lit Argot.
rtaak ft la Ortisa.
Tho undersigned, a committee appointed
a a meeting of Ihe cilixensof Silvrrton and
vicinity, called to consider tho best means
of securing belter facilities for travel and
traiisjioriation to Oregon City and Tort
land, would call lie attention of citizens of
Portland, Oregon City, the farmiug coin
muuity, and all other directly or indirectly
Interested, to the follow ing facia:
Fioin July lo October, our roads are
miserably bad, admitting lha cariisg of
light leads only. From ihe latter period
till June, tbey are, much of the lime, int.
passable, or nearly so, with the lightest
loads, aud difficult without load or .on
horseback.
During lee latter period, th continued
rain render all effort at Improvement of
the roads unavailiug and worse than use
less. In sLorl, there are no means knowo
to the committee f constructing a prscti
cable road of earthy material. A few
years' struggle wiib thn difficulties lias
greatly discouraged the Oregon farmer.
They have already paralyzed kia vigorous
aim, and Hopped the plow ia the midst of
the furrow. Enterprise, ia its primary
chaunels, ha nearly ceasej lo flow.
Wheat, the grnt tlsple of Oregon, lias
been abandoned as loo cumbrous to psy
transportation, even over the shortest dis
tances. A simultaneous rush is mado to
fruit growing, to avail ourselves of an arti
cle of greater value in market, and of
lighter transportation. Bui this relief, such
a it is, must be of short duration. A brief
period will awaken u to the fuel that our
splendid orchard will produce only to
cover the ground beneath them valueless
for want of facilities to get them In market.
Should our orchards produce fruitfully in
1800, we venture the prediction that aot
more than one half of our apples can U
taken to the seaboard. Our reasons are :
The quantity is rapidly increasing, and
prices as rapidly going down. It is plaiu
to see, then, thai our best fruit will pay
transportation only when our present roads
are in their best condiiion. When, there
fore, our present prices sink to, or below,
one half their present rates, although the
quantity raised may be doubled or quad
rupled, th fust dash of rain will wind up
the business for the season. The fact
should startle every man that lha time is
upon us, even now at our doors, ihnt tome
thing must be done, and that, too, right
speedily. Even now our energies are cir.
cumscribed to their present dimensions,
and cannot be extended until we have oth
er and belter fkciliiies for reaching market
tt a ask, W hat shall we do f Shall w at
tempt a railroad, or construct a plank road?
We cull upon you to consider. Make your
estimates, and compare them with your
ability. Send out your figure to the pub
lic eye. Let the public be well informed
of their wauls in litis matter, nnd of the
meant of obtaining the desired end. We
lay before you our view, and they are
our only. However constructed, such
road must exteud through our volley. A
section, or several detached seel ions, could
be of no practical use, and could never be
put iu operation, if very expensive in their
construction, because the limited business,
if a railroad, would uot defray current ex
penses. We estimate ihe personal property of
Oregon at about 91 0,000,000, which, al
980,000 per mile, would be sufficient to
construct only 125 miles of road, which
road, if within our reach, would bo obnox
ious to, at least, (wo objections t First, it
would accommodate th couutry on one
side of the river only, leaving, after rx-
hausiing all tho means in Oregon, at least
one third of tho Willamette valley not
benefited. Second, all experience i rail,
reading ia th United States goet to es
tablish the fact that a single span of 125
miles in thinly-stlled cuuntry like ours,
even when constructed at an expense of
ne third the coat of ours, can scarcely
keep itself in operation; consequently
there can bo no inducement to invest mo
ney in the enterprise. Hence wa may
rationally tuppot that capitalist abroad
will bo slow to send in their money when
there is no probability of realizing a profit,
and we believe Congress has got no val
uable "alternate" sections of land in Or
egon to give fur such purpose. Wo are
driven to ihe concluticn that a railroad,
however desirable, is not wiluin our reach
at present.
Let us then descend from the loftier con-
lemplation of that which is clearly beyoad
our power, to that which is practicable and
entirely aud easily within ear reach an
humble plank road, bettor adapied loour
wants, and which can be carried to all
parts of Oregon. A good plank road will
cost not exceeding $4000 per mil, wilt
answer all our present wsets will wke
up tha energies of ihe coonlry develop
ita resources and carry us speedily on io
a suitable condiiion for ihe Ini reduction of
railroads. Witkis two yearo liue of
road cao be built, reaching f vui Oregon
City lo Silvrrton vicinity, or Wsldt Hills,
whicll would immediately be extendi')
through the Valley, and the enterprise of
I'urtland would carry it to their can door
iu selfdcfens. Upon a good road of this
k'nJ, an ordinary team could lake lo Or.
egon City or Portland fioin fifty to seven!)'.
6v bushel ol wheat, any day ia ibuyetir.
Fixing the rales of toll five bundled prr
cent, above lbo usual io the Slabs, ll.ey
ihey would ihea fall infinitely sLorl of the
saving in tavern kills on our presrut roads,
lo any nothing of lima saved, broken axlo
tree, crippled burse, and smashed wag
ons. OiegottCiiy would ooii bccontriled
from its wintry desolation would soon
show signs of returning life and auimalion.
The llillucs of lli cburnel bouso ould
give place lo the bustle and din of business.
Long visages would be exchanged forotm
tensnces flushed with animation and radi.
ant with hup. Uutli day would the busy
farmer grace tho streets with rslilin; had
of wheal, pork, applr or cider. Nor
would the country matron or her comely
daughters, with their well-filled lub. of
butler, g-, pearly lard, or dainty fiuits,
bostiaagur io the busy scene. Portland
weuld Lave bur full slaro of benefits front
such an enterprise. Iu short, we would
say, all would bo reciprocally beticljicd.
In town, in city, in lhecuiry, tie should
be able to (racoon every counlenanco tho
Well-defined expression "go ahead," where
we now so but loo viiiuly tho unwelcome
" goner" I
FAM L ALLEN,
P. Cranpall,
W. Glover,
W. King,
Cum.
0v A cpulleaiau of Cincinnati (savs,
th Gazette,) just returned fioin a visit to
Washington, and who possessed uiiunal
fucilitie for obtaining a glimp.e of things
behind the curtain, its well as having on
intimate knowledge nf Buchanan person
ally, any tho moracul lie laid eyes upon
him he mentally pronounced him " a dead
mnu." With a Ictiipcrnmenl ill adapted lo
resist the harassing and consuming tares
whicll beset hi in on every baud, his
form and feature, give alarming and un
mistakable evidence of tho ravaging ef
fects of lha fierce conflicting element!
which are now raging around him.
A Disunion Turf.at. The Washington
Star says t
"Few men are heller informed than our.
self upon the state of feeling among tho
members (of Congress), aud we are sutUflud
that were Minnesota, with all her disregard
of ihe enabling act passed in her case, to bit
admitted into tho Union, and Kansas, on
account of the eontlilution with which she
npplies, be refused admission, no ten South
ern Representatives would retimiu a day
hngnr in either Hall of Congress. Tho
day for further compromises on ihetluvcry
question is passed."
Apropos of litis, tho Baltimore Ameri
can remarks that Bacsn, in ono uf his es
says, says !
" Been use half a dozen gnsshnppers
tinder a feru make the field ring with their
importunate chink, whilst thousands nf
great cattle repose beneath the shade of llio
oak, chow Hie cuu, aim are silent, pray do
nol imagine that ihoso who mnka the noiso
are the only inhabitants of the field ; tbtt
of course they aro many in numbers; or
Ihat, alter all, tbey aro other than the little,
shriveled, meagre, hopping, though luud
aud troublesome, insects of the hour."
An Emi'ihe at tub North. An cflort
is making lo uuilo the British American
Colonies in one grand confederacy, contem
plating ultimately an independent govern
ment. A conference with tho Imperial
Government has been hsd on iho subject,
and the reply was that Her Majeaiy would
be ruled entirely by the wishes of iho Col.
cities themselves on this subject, and in
pursuance of this intiinalion, Nova Scotia
has opened negotiations with the other
Provinces. Tito territory cmbruced in
this contemplated confederacy U nearly
ibree millions of square miles, and the pop
ulation nearly three millions. This is
good foundation for another empire,
A Remoiou Pron unci am ento. Bish
op Bayley, the Catholic liishop of New
Jersey, has issued a manifesto, to be read
in all lilts churches, in which he call at
tention to drunkards and d?ulers in liijuor.
Leaving to the pastors the psrticular
mean to to used, ho suggest thot each
should keep a list of ihe drunkards and,
liquor-dealers in his church. lie say
"I am determined lo make use of the
most severe measures against nil who aro
addicted to this tcrtndaluus and destructive
vice; and if they continue in iie practice
of it, they must do it as on.'.csst from tho
Catholic church, who V.ave no right lo the
naase of Calbolii) while they live, nor tq
Cbriitian bur'al when they die."
tO Wheat, although considered by
some as a native of Sicily, originally came
from the central tab! a land ef Thibet,
where it yet exist a a graw, with small,
mealy seeds. P.ico was first brought from
South Africa, whence it was taken to India,
I and thsace la Europe and Amsriea,