THE OREGON AMI'S, !
' rum.imii:a kvesy a.inniiAY mouvixn,
BY WILLIAM L. ADAMS.
TERMS The Annua ir.7 A furniihed at
Thret Dollar and fifty Vtuli v-r (ihuiiui, in
advance, to tingle, tu'inr.'.i.-re Time Dillan
each to clalil of ten at our nj!i-'in n.lranee
When the money fa not paid in a Irani r, I'onr
Dalian trill hr rUar-ftil if pi d irilhin tlx
moiithi, and fine dolt. ire ol the end nf the year.
llf Two Dalian for nix moatlm A'u inlncrip
tionit rrreired fur n lent period.
Ao paper di-irontuuied unlit nil arreaia'ei
are paid, unlem at t'ie option of the pnlilitlfr,
BUSINESS CAT JDS.
W. T. MATLOCK. W. a JOIISoX.
attoi:xi;vs & cocnskloi's at law,
And Sulidlwx in Chintinj,
WILL p.-ouiplly ntli'iil tn any IwsiuriMWlrcli
in iy bo cmmhiltcd in III" r prnfHMiniiul
eliarife before Ihe District mill y iiiirt-mt- Court.
Olfii'8 III II glil'icld' building, iminrdiuli ly ep
penile tlit .M ini Jstrcel Home..
Oregon Cily, Mar.li 7, lhi7. 47y
JOHZT R. M'BaiCS,
ATTORNEY AN!) C n I' N I! LO R AT LAW,
htfaijcttr, YamWl CmiiIij, O. 7'.,
'ILL faithfully uli.iid to u!l luisim-wr oi
tt'llr-tt-tl In lim pi'oli'M.ullUi care.
- Win. C. Bomeat & Co.,
ITTHOLKSALIiuud retail Dealer in (iw
y T ICS, PioV.iiol!, Pain',
'iU, mill
Kli", Crockery, iV'1.
Main St. Oii go'n Oily
O: iiu0.;b lli Lund Ollicie
June I, Ki.i.
CHAHLB3 PO?i3, JR,
KALEl! in Ilardwire, CJ r.w i ri , III y (!(i d-,
Clutillll'', IjUutB kV. M111. H, ..lf .l.cnic Uujki
and .Sluiiiiiir,'.
Main-U., Ori-Knn Cily, April x. 1 , ItCn-Itf
01:0. AK:::i'::'ii;v .v Co.,
MKItiJIIANTrf,
OttKUOS CITY, O. T.
Abornotby, Chirk 1 C j.,
coM.Missto.N AM) rm:VAi:in:t M;iit''i.iN7.,
FmwIsco, Oil.,
Will nlti'ivl to sliin? Orf j; m pro'iir-e, nnd fi'l nr
dt'M fdl" (,ioil.J, Ijr'ii't-rii !, , ul III" luvcl ruli-n.
Tlir piitron.ivK of llio pt. p!c of Drfmn In ro-fpi-clfuliy
s )li..i;i'd. Ahj. 2.
Manufacturer, W'h-j'etalt a.i'i llctail Dealer in
coo id a-iS! a.vi:3:: ktpov::,
its u ron i.n h aiii:, iiaiiu.vmik, t,c,
J ai 11 St., o pp os i I e, Main S I r v v t II ul f I,
OltZGOS CITY, O. T.
Sleuni'.n.il uii.1 jV.,Mn; '.vol!; alU'ii.lid to wJh
di;i;ili ll.
Oidi'rs frniii l!ic cnuntry promptly fill'-d. j''7
-TTT F. II 1 Ci II ! 1 KL D.
YV TCII-MA K i:r
1 orsiiiiB deoiiuiis ol jr. 1 1 1 itj yui.il worlnloiio ui.
da well lo glvu luu a cai!, li - my wliulv linic in K -vntid
to llin ripu riii' of t liio.io.uotcr, Lcvir,
Duplex, mill liun?..ml;il watehei.
An insiirtinriit of Jewelry o.i hull 1.
Jewelry inmle tnonl r, ami n-paircil.
I'l iccs "l.i suit t!ie li:iii'H. I ai.i lliaiikfnl for paK!
avorn, and hope lo ipn-fatSlai'luui in I'm are.
Bj' l.iK'Uiid ut l!i" I'M ma!).!, ii.ipca 'to tlieTol
e'r.iph 0;!i.-e, Oil IU-O.i CITY. I t'll. 'J.
and yo-JtaJ3,
jjt nt tlic Oiil.iiU.N 1. 1 1 V DiJb'O STOtli'.,
wp15 Ma n Street. l.re"ii t'ily.O.T.
" ; jonii p. Birooiis,
WktJemlr .$ ;.-.'ci- in (Vro wi.'', Produce,
I'lax.is'.oue, J-c. -laiii Street.
A GpiiT.il Ansarliiient k. pi up of Selected CooiU
Caiiemah, March 2S, I.i7.
GU2T-SMITHING.
"I KINO pennaneiiily loo.iUd in Olefin City.
J I urn pirpareil lo narry on Ihe hiijinem ol
UUNSMITIIINU
I IN ALL ITS L RAX CUES.
Those w ho favor ine with tln-ir patjonacje, m:iy
f.p cl to have their work d m.' lint.
.27(0' ir'io Avr,".' OCXS til mil Slt"yfr
repairs, and ! not e.ill for tin-in wiihin xivh
MaXTiM of llio lime w-l for ihe vvu.k lo be d-in.-,
may expect to have lli--i 'I I pi)' '''' ai-ai-.
I-J-;UiH.-.NL WlLDI-:.
.June 27, il
11 Mild
, Wells, Fargo it Ca 'u Sxpreos,
Jlelwrn Oregm, CnU'wii. I In Altnli
Sulrs tin I Hm-opr-
ll.iv l.su iiiioe imi .un. "ii-. .-
ff-i- SlSiii'M und Pacific Mail Sieaui-
Ti-b.-. 1 ran 'coieios wni, 101
ahijil'uiUiaiiii :i lor tiunsp atalinu. we a;e no.v pre
pared to rur.vi.id (.'.' Da't, liall.au, 6-cii,
Drinciuul lo.vns of Hal fortru au l Oregon.
'Our regular f-enii-iimiulily Kxprt-aa betn-ccu
TurtUud un.l .sail r'i-au.-isco,'w d:.-p.ilcheil by the
I'ucilic .Mail Stvun-liip CVa a:eam!iip Colunib u.
conneclui" ut ."an 1 ranciw-o with (Mr senii-iu-ia:h-Jy
i;.xpreis lo flea York and New Orleans wliioh
ia dispatched regularly oa lhe 1st and luli, of eacli
mouth, by tlm mail sieaini-in and in charge of oar
own meiisciigorM, Ihronifli lo des.in uliou.
Our I'.xpr.-ss Irom iStw Vork leaves regulurlj
n lhe i'llli und gUlh of each month, aUu in caarge
of meneugers.
Treasure insured in the best New York com
panies, or nt Lloyd's ill Loudon, ut l!w aplioit of
shippers.
' Omens New Y"ik, No. lfi, all st ; i-w
Orleans, Ni. 1 1, Exchange place; flail Francisco,
No. 114, Montgomery sneer.
' A. II. STKLLK, Ajcnt.
Oregon Cily, April 21, 18.'i7.-ltf
v "Heading for the Million.
A'. J. MjCOHMICK
JUS CONSTAXTLV US HAM) AT THE FIIAXKLIN COOK
sroiiK, raoNt-sT, roi-.insu, outooN,
A Choice silestiuii of Popul ir U siks, News
J. papers, Magazines and fancy Slalionery.
' Amonj' tlis books on hand w ill b found work
.on Teruperatee, Agriculiure, llorticuitifre, Hts
itnry, Poetry, IVmgr.ipliy, .Meicin.a, ilcligion,
.Sc e'iice, schcl Ilo.-k', Koniaiices, e., Ac, &c.
CTSubcrit:ons received for 11 irjier. tirahain,
(Gudcy, L.si.o's, or Putnam, ui t i a jear, poll
are free.
. ID jiabicriptiuai ruceived for any newspaper
iubhslied m any part uf the L'aion.
Keineinber lhe t'lai.Uha Hook .Store and Newi
naper Agency, 1 lout -ilea, l oiilaii.! Oregon.
r- priced catalogue will be pobiislied early
in April', uui will be seat lo uuy pari of lhe lerri
lory free on application.
- On-iiuii Koilso S- O.O.F..
rKET-s atlh-ir Ha!l ever tli Oregon City
l ,,. verc Weln-st.iV eveiim at
fuclo-.k. -"lt.-Wbrr,. .a gwl .tandiai arc invited i
. Cioac Pavst:, ac.-'y
31
mEMPI.E OF HONOr..-TuablinTernp'eof
i H-am-, No. I, m-et oa t..e I-t an I o-I Sat
urdav ewumgsof each inoa'h ' '". l
their" Hall, Kore4 (irove, Ire-on
t ..I i ,,. Ur.ier iu i;w
. i:..
- C. IL Walsis. W. IL 3i
-r,n (.onorahty)
a i. 4
DVKlJ .,'. ir
,,;'e WM. C. D'iZMENT & ro.
. U l-fc i -
nf d'rfcrent kind. tS-rsaV y
. fll MiM N WARNER
Weekly Newmpcr, devoted
-A
Vol. Ill
Sunny lliix Sun:, 1 t-c. 13, '07.
UoiTott ul' Till! AuGi: A tliu thil'lrun
are asleep, and Mr. Gloti is away fur the
etching, I liuvo concluded Id spend n half
hour in w riting fur your juijipr.
It W tlt'H r Hl'tact OUO CVenillg, HOIIIH
liui" ijo, that in a solitary runiUo I hap-
p. llfll 10 past a bachelor's home. Thu
proprietor of the cabin (Heaven pity liim !)
was killing in the doorway, "gazing upon
vacancy," iirul looking so completely llio
imago of despair lliat I fell into a train of
thought concerning mankind in general
and p'Kir b.ichelor in particular, which
su nt brought tlm .MiHi-h to my uiil, u lid Ik"
fore tho walk was ended thu following lima
wore written imlcliMv unmi inv hruiu ',
,,,.
Tiocihh ;or me uuen ir wp.o nvo.uy naiu w,ii,
Who liu iiimib to urnviile for but nellf
Wlioilaily anil hunily tilleth the i,
Tluit lie muy u na- wnnlly pelf I
Who, : it-i-il ami hungry, rom- in from hit work,
'J'ii cat a col. I mipper ul' ui e id mel all purk ?
IIu lim toiled all duy Ion; wilh Ills plow and Ilia
ll.niitop;i'd not rt iiinnieiil to rel j ' hoe,
II.u worked till lie m he no loiioer can Jo,
An the mill nlou-ly io!: in lh went.
H i di.-kiea lire dirty, Ilia locka are nitieh w rn,
1 1 in veal needs mora buttoni, lili coat lining'! torn.
Say, what do you liv for, my bichelor friend T
Tell mo, why don't you get a good wife!
You huve plenty of iimuey a uuiiiuii could ipend
In iiiukoiK you happy fur Ihe ;
Then, iiirteod of hull pork lor your upp r, ynu i-c,
A wile could pu p. ire you b u l l, loitli r.ua I lea.
Von could uuilil u fiooil lioui'i. buy a Mifuund tuhle,
Some eh aim un.l mniit curpela, a cook-Move and
crudle,
Di'iiin hie in good Foment, and llien, when you die,
If you'vu been a kind hubautl, kuuicbody cuu cry.
Mr. (Jleil h.ijiit come in and inlerrnpted lha womh-r of voyager up nud down the cominniider 'a order to tho engineer bulow,
my mnditalioiw by uliing inn to tell Mr. j Thame, mi l n tdio upprouche completion , helmsman at tho wheel, nnd look-out man
Adams to amid him The Argus fur n vein-j the pubi:c interest increases. Enormous t l0 ,uW, In iron vessel grout pro-I'r.-fv
good trorl of a fellow, isn't he f 'ai.e, which is liu'maily the dislinc'tve fen- cau'ioiis b( ing nerexaary to prevent the
He'll pay ho pi'mier. Jk.nxy Olkn.
Talile or the XVeaUier lor Ittvi"
it.. A
K.imi a Jo.m.Kl keut be VVillioin J. (iale.
.
losav Iio.lliveiv, III" ciural os uiinii
1 , . . ,
..i .... r.. .1 . . .1... .... ,.. no .1...
in a 'UIIL J O' . u e in no si ,' i u 3
' ' p
s :s O i
.lauuary,
I'ubruary,
Mjil-Ii,
April,
May,
Jon
July,
August,
S"piembor,
Delob r,
November,
December,
Total,
8
2
7
11
(I
3
1
2 (I
1 11
7 II
b 0
10 37 08 0 24 107
You people who talk iiImuI its being for -
ver r. lining in Oregon, please observe out
nf davs we have 57 rainy not quilo
1 it nf lhe time. Ten I havo under the
head of snny; out of lliu I' ll not more
than three were sow-re cunugb to keep hi-
bu'iiig men in do'iis; say in nil sixty days
too harsh for outdoor employment bill
little morn than the great lawgiver of lhe
l-rai li es etiminanih.-d his people to rest, at
nil ovfiits.
la all things 'e observe a punitive and n
ne-jmivo principle. Things ti.aV ba run to
I ' lf '"'
in l.aiii! cniiry, O. I ., in winch ussho n j iissuriiuie ot .Mr. i;u8i-n liim uio iircnt coming this, it was oiiginitny intinneu io
thu iiuiiih.-rt l'sniiwy, rniiiy, cliiuilyj'o". j .,,klrrn j,, huilt upon precisely thu same ! 0cntu tho compass upon a singe, forty
gy, sniwliy, und c-l iir days in '"-l' j m0I!, rt evrry vessel ho has constructed ! fret hih, but this plan has been abandon
,,,,,,,'h, I'....., January I, December. j .
Of the leinnerature, I nm not prepared: , , " , , . .. .. . . , , . . , . .. ,
1 11 I ve.irs ago. In tlio womlerful ship, which to tho mizzon-ni.-ist, nt nn elevation beyond
inhahiteu any one 01 lliu Ulnhile ol.res, 1 any suimil Imm tho engine-rooms leacning
vou have experienced With in the weather, 1 ih(, passengers, nnd thu vibiali-in from be-
tho extremely cld winter, or negative jng m nil felt by lliem. Iuch aide of the
stale of tint atmo.phcre, and also the ex-I engiiin room is a tunnel ihrougli W'hich the
treiri'ly warm summer, or po-ilive stale. js'eamund water pipes will he carried, nnd
Oregon, as a general thing, goes to neither also, rail s for economising lubor in convey
of these CK'n.'nies, but leinaius butween, in I uncu ol'coal. Delow lh" berths oflhesea-
the Ir iusili"ri s'a'e.
w.j. o.
Koosnr City, Dec 2 1357,
W. .. ADiUi:Dcar Sir: I notice
in Tills Abbus of tlm 1 Dili imp., that you
uroe upon lhe Republicans in tho di(T ten'
counties, a thorough organization of the j
party. I havo been thinking for some
I jjnie that w-e ought to have an orgnnxition
compo-cd of unli-sluvery men, called '''
, n!,mo : 1 am not particular whaler i
it no "Republican or "1'reo otate Liemo-
cral." I have always considered and call-
(..I myself a democrat J nnd I believed 1 1
my political principles uere weighed in the
halattc-s of trim Jetf-rsoniail democrscv
they wculd not bo f.und wanting. Nev.
ertlieles.s I have, no fellowship wilh the
'Bush democracy" of Oregon. Nor yet,
with the N'ftti"nl democracy as exhibited
in the udininUtrali'-ns of I'ierce and liuc
hnnaii. The udminislraiion of the latter
may possess moro iii'ellec'ual strength
t'liiti the firmer, put 1 regard them as
a!j!;e Corrupt as alike dextiiiHe of moral
principle. And that I hey hotli gros-ly vi
olated the Constitmiou of the United
Siates, ond prostituted iheir jiOers to ex
tend and na ionalize slavery, I have no
doubt. And that Iheir intelligent sup
u .-I... i ,i. t;t.,,;.
Doners A VQtl Ml 1KB UV" '" Mwi.c-
. .. .
; ., r nfu.,, i nromote imiriic io,t--. v. -,
I - 4. a nn..mAII I ,a ftnilllllV
v .
clear in mv mind. Slavery extensionts'i
wnnos f.vor Fo;,!ar liber-y-.be Iwo
nerfectlv antagonistic, ami cannot thrive
P . -t. ;,n. Tlier.
on i
the same ami . -
I a a lover cf popular liberty, csnnn
to the Pnncij.les of JoilcWum
OliEGON CITY, OKK.iOX, JAXUAKY io, i80.
and inVi" nol nii ty my vote in
iS'iuh men in pour r. I wih It di
iiiiilvmtooJ ili.il no pronliivcry man enn
liavd my voto fer nuy cfl'tce. An 1 1 woulil
cull upon my fellow citi'"n who lovalik-r
ty ' lo ho on their piwnl, nnl not nllow
thuinslo to ho dutwn into tlm iiport
of men fir ofiko ho will ue their poer
i .1.,. ui iliriii' ..rt. iiTi.it tit ".trn.l.
Illl'l lliu iikiih iiwi; "i nn ! j -
out" liberty, mill to rxtciid mid ku-liiin
lun-ry nml lyranny.
lid not iKci ived by tho name diMnoera.
cy." l'oi' my own' pari I rcc'niz-j tm
audi charuttcr in a pro klavcry dumoctni
"
it it a co.ilru.liction in term. mi ,
mi-hl n4e!l talk iiIk.hI wliiiB bU-k-bir.U rail.erimpcdoil.iin aid; bnl in tho ovtnt j
r honest ll.ieve, n pro slavery demo- lofa ilron;; wind arUin,;. goini; Iweniy-five ,
erata. Then lei tho h.vi r. .r IVe. (bin, ; mile, p.-r hour in Hi cottrao of tho veel , I
free iimiiutioif, nnd tho ConMilntiou of,niU may louned with udvauliigo, nnd tho
tho L niU'd S'utea act in concert, iiii-l pl.icirual Lviwcrn i pronueo aixoroiuij,
men in power who ym;vithi. with theirlwilli aeven muU, tvo apre-ritd, ihe
viowi, und will reipcct and ta'ry mil flwn carrying foro-and nfl t:tU only. The
ih,.ir wiJ. I luro-r must will bo iron lub.-i, llio amttller
I hup? there will bo an organisation of
iho Tree Stutn men of I. unci county tuirler
the name of Free Statu ileinocrala, lie
publicans, or lomo other, Hint there may
bo concert uf action, and luccens of nieui
iircn. J- !1. D. IIknokrion.
The l.reotel of Kleamohtpv
It U now more than Ihreo yeurit iiicr ;
the lofty Willi of iron, funning tho tides !
of the Croat K.n.lorn firt beoan le excite j
lure that first ilnkus thu observer, is, how
ever, one ef lb" bast of tho HKi' vel that
belong in the joint production of Mr. Scotl
Il"rcll und We. r.iunilel. We have the.
. ., .
. , , I
now lowers some ,0 led above the lever
i
, , .
lofiho Uo of Dogs, ilw-a-fiiii; every paas-
3 S" ing vessel by her i-nornious proportions, wo
" bine only an extensiuti of lhe lines upon
13 whkh Mr. Russell built tho Wave, of 7
7 tons. Thu must prominent fell lire, in real-
'l! I ity. tliouah ono which ocapes unprofeas
oj ionid visitors, is the cellular construction of
10 1 'he upper deck, and tlm lower pail oT thu
4 23 I hull, up to thu water line, or about thirty
i feet from her bottom, which is as il.it as the
? ' i floor -of a room. This system, while it
la 1 .
, gives greater buoyancy lo tho hull, in-
14 ' creases her strength enormously, and thus
enables her lo fesist almost any outward
,,rn,sllrBl 'jv0 wall of iron, about sixty
ifeet high, divido her longitudinally into
three pints ; the inner containing the but
ors, tho engine rooms, and the saloons
, rUim; one above the oilier, and the lateral
' divisions the coal bunkers, and above them
tlm side cabins nnd berths. The saloons
'uro ttix'y feel in lengih, tho principal one
j nearly half the width of tho vessel, nnd
Mohted by skylights from the upper deck,
U)n cither side uro tho cabins and births,
those of first class being cominndious 1001ns,
I largo enough to cnntuiii every requirement
f ihu must falidiiius of landsmen. The
f " ler deck will prevent
nun are two enormous caviiies, for cargo,
of which 5,011(1 tons can ho carried, besides
coals enough for thu voyage to Australia,
making about as many tons more.
Tho weight oT this hugn ship being 12,
00!) tons, and coal and cargo about 18,000
loiu more, the motive power lo propel her
twenty mild per hour must be proportion-
. . . ... II p. I I 1.
ate. If the visitor wains an, anu ioks
dj..vn a ,e,p ciasm near the stern, he will
piwive un enormous motHl luift, one hmi-
, , . . . , , j eiU
this 'cxiends from lhe engine-room
nearest the blern to tho extremity of tho
slop, anil is uesiiocu io move um BtieT,
the four fans of whhdi are of proportion
ate wi;;ght and rfinieiiaions. If, next, we
walk forward, and look over the side, we
w',l see a paddle-wheel considerably larg
er than a circle ntAslley's; and when he
learns that lids wheel and its fellow will
be driven by four engines, having a nomi
nal power of 1,000 horses, and llio screw
l,V a nominal power of l'OOO horses, he
will huve no difficulty in conceiving a
m America n seven days, aieJ IO
. '. . : .!.: fiu.
The screw engines are
far lhe largest
ever constructed, and when making lipy
,.f! revolutions tier minute,
ill exert an itfecl-
. .
..r I- ii. n h in i iiorse. iv
... . .
. t .,t.l ,.rf..-m if sir, lieu to
; ggao.'c i""-" i-""
""VSZZ w.ier tolbe
, oum r... B-.- -
itoD of Ute London Monument tn om mitt-
. r.- t .1,.
utt, or onve me macmn.r, o.
.liffieoltto realir-e the work which .lnaS-B
Democracy, and advocating the
ii plu.'e'larg'H i-oiK.n-ii.ilU 'it MkiicIich t, tjivin! wo HnJ Ly tlm proc. w of liurii.p. Ihe Iocs
liiictly! employ mini lo fiom 30 l 40,000 opera-, lion of om ofllu il.poi! of llml lluiJ,
nn cnii'tivtf. 'Micro nro four rliiidi!r, tsch'and Jonollhe IVlroloum !', now uvd
about 55 toni, md 81 incl.ri in diameter. 1 1
Ttir crunU hhuft, to hhicli llio connrctinj.' .w, t'icn I conlend, aiiitilnr n i' niayicrni,
roll uro applied, wiioli iilmut O'J ton, llial thrro Is no great itiftch of llio itnngin
Tho boilrta am iin number, h tving 73; "lion hrn we any ihut it ii poib!a for
rurtifico, nn I nn BimurOctil iicaiinwunac.m" i'ni'o - .-..
. . ... I ....I I. I.. 1 P V ft 0
iiniirlv c-ftiiul hi pitcu! la un ncifi ( ground.
. j - v
j 'I'lio tuUl wt i,;lit rxcoi dn I.2 K) lona, yd
'o contrived that tlny can bo act motion or
Jbtuppvd by J linln lintid.
SiiU will not bo much m-ouVil, for In ci-
rt-crliiy oer tho Atlaniio ut twe-my miU
i . . , . ., ...i i
per liottr, v.nti a muiteruie imi, tn.-y wou.o , .
of wood. The funneU, of which there will
ho five, mo c'Muttrtioted with double coa-
. . . . ., . .... i .
water to enter Uio ooiiera in n warm nu o.
T(le cniiluiira onurtmenl i placed amid
s1jp, innnedialely below ihe bridge
w,0,,co tlm electric telegraph will fla-h tlio
compos from being influenced by tl.e tnnsa
of metal in audi ntirnciivo proximity, van
0us experiments have been mado wilh lhe
view of di,eovering llio best n.odeofoor
. . . . .... i j .
, . . t, .i
,0 ina-'nottc innuenco of the ship
o
Is Coal cf Vkgktaulb Origin. The
following communication appears in the
last number of iho Scientific American:
In your paper of Sept. 2fith, you say
that ono of lhe snvnns of the scientific con
vention held nt Montreal insisted that coal
was of vegetable origin. You stale that all
geologists at lha present timo soy that it
is, and you "should liko to know how he
uceout.ls for tho gigantic ferns and mon
ster pine Irees thai nm found in nearly all
coal formations. Soft coals arc full of
these, while anthracite contains very few
of these marks."
Let mo answer one question by asking
another. Why is it lliat tho woody fibre
is moslly nl right nngleis with tho stratifi
cation of thu coal, and why is il I hit t the
leaves und more delicate parts ef the ferns
lio parallel with the stratification ? I will
endcavorto make a few suggestions though
perhaps in doing so 1 may prove that I
am neither a geologist nor a snvan.
Does not tho Into demonstration uf mak
ing oil from coal provo tho non-vegetable
origin of ill It strikes mo that it docs;
can you produce tho snmo or similar pro
ducts of wood ? I doubt it.
My view of iho nature of coal is simply
this, that il is a production of tho interior
of the earth, that it is a liquid, and like all
fluids, lakes thu lowest positions ; and lhe
woody fibre and leaves found in coal are
of Ihut character that is produced in low
and Bhady po ilions, giwng them a rapid
growth and consequently comparative
spongy texture, such as ihey seem to bo;
and like tha forest of iho present day,
trees arc found prostrated, others much
inclined. Now if a fluid or emi. fluid
should luke position in a valley or hollow,
whero theio aro trees and plums, il natur
ally follows that this fluid would act as a
matrix In all bxlics within it.
We have the fact demonstrated, that
wood placed in strenms of watcs, contain
infslicenus matter, iron, cVc, wHI open in
lapse of lime become changed in its char,
actr r according to thu substance in the wa
ler, still leaving its woody fibrous appear
mice, nnd so perfect indeed that tho kino of
wood can be told. Now it is ubstird lo say
thai thu material composing coal would tn.t
act in a similar way ; we find thai a change
of transmission of the parlicle of wood does
lake place in other substances, and why not
in such a penetrable substance as coal is
made of?
I havo heard it stated by those who have
visiied coal mines, that they havo seen a
. t .(.. t t., .
semi-fluid condi-
porimn oi w -
'.ion. a thick unctions subsiancc
a fact I
can reauny o.ne.c,
naturally suppose sued a Hung possiuie.
1 would ak, do not the rock oil wells sng
rresi the source of the coal f is there any-
I HnrAlanil'l
i hat it cannot bo entertained by oursavam
mid geologists I
But tbere is one soggestion that natural
ly comes up ; if coal is produced from the
interior of the earth, and ii a fluid, cannot
mg,anl llieapaco ueiween ine ou.er uiiu,, u lring n.(,9 v( M lhe llluIlomenll
inner cnninga will be filled with water, colineclej wil, lhe (JulfStream, under the
which will amwer tho double purpose of jirrclioll 0f profcsor A. 1). llache, tho
preventing llio radialion of heat to tho Kj of 0Ur count aurvey d.-parlmont. The
d..-ck. nnd economizing coal by caubing the pri(:ij,a jn4lrumnt in those lurveyo has
rideof Truth ittmry Umo.
No. 40,
ihink in Vlrjinin, dfmonnrnto llii! If
01 cum uvuv. . i.
Cincinnati, 0 , Oc'obcr, 18-17.
Tim Diiep Sea Sou.nihnhs. The United
Sinln iurvryii iteanicr Arctic liu return
ed from her deep eri axploratinna, com
plolino her former turveyi and i-Xaminin
, irftCI t biilr pf other IfloL'r.n.l.ic
t.xte,ItioI, jn connection with thofcrent
lrBlkB,llnlc Sv.l,,mP. Thf fir.t port of
ll(!l.j iUacillfuy lu,
ii( lha jp., umijnj.,, ,14J Hounding
line, aeveral lliousand fathoma Ion;.', was
lout. Tho pluii prnpojed was to mako
i"ounoiios and thermal observation', til in
terval of thirty miles, between IJalifux
nnd Ik-rmudu, and thence home. This ia
only a portion of nn elaborate e.xtinmmitoii
,)l0 tlormolneiCr, nnd by its nid they
u'erH alio to measure tho amount and lo-
cute the limiia of the Gulf Stream with no
liulo accuracy. Tha lempcriituro of ihs
the sin face, being affected by a lliousand
causes, can bo litilo relied on, but a sys
tematic thermal examination nt a deplh of
fifteen or twenty fathoms has been cfiecicd.
Temperature wero observed ev?n to lha
deplh of suverul hundred fathoms, varying
at first at the dislonco often fathoms, feud
afterwards, as lha ditlcrcncrs in tempera
ture on descending became less prcceptihlo,
by greater distances between tho ther
mometers. Thi'to observation showed
that Ihn Gulf Stream is comparatively a
superficial current, and is underlaid by vast
stratin of cold water, so cold as lo carry to
southern regions lhe temperaluro of the far
North. In the passage from Halifax to
wards Bermuda, elaborate thermal experi
ments wero made. At the last staiion,
before the parting of ihe line ond the loss
of their last sounding apparatus, tho tem
peratures increased from a depth of nearly
three miles in a very regular proportion,
begiuing wiili twenty-five degrees on iho
bottom, and running up forty. fivo degrees
on the surface. Some of the depths ob
tained wero enormous the greatest relia
ble depths ever obtained. Ledger.
Thoughts on Type. The priming
press, wo arc lold, is the grandest inven
tion since tho death of Tubal Cain. " It
isn printing press," said a boy standing
by llio ink trough, wilh a quelcss turban
of brow n paper on his In ad. " A printing
press !'' 1 queried musingly to myself.
" A priming press? Whatdoyou print?"
I asked. " 1'rint I" said the boy, staring
ut mo doubtfully. ''Why, wo print
thoughts!" " Print thoughts?" I slowly
repealed after him and wo stood looking
for a moment at each oilier in mutual ad
miration he in llio absence of an Idea, nnd
I in pursuit of one. " But, my boy," I
asked, in honest soberness, " what are
thoughts, nnd how can you get hold of
litem to print them ?" " Thoughts aro
what eomo out of the people's minds," he
replied. " Get hold of lliem, iudeed !
Why, mindsarii'i nothing you cun get hold
of, nor thoughts cither. All the minds that
ever though', and all lhe thoughts that
mind ever mndo wouldn't make n ball as
big as your fist. Minds, lliey say, are first
liko air; you can't tteolhem; tl ey don't
miiko any noise, nor havo any color; they
don't weigh anything. Bill Dcepcut, the
sexlon, says thul a man weighs jiiai as much
when bis mind is gone out of him as he did
before. No, sir, all iho minds that ever
lived wouldn't weigh an ounce troy.' 'Then
how do you print thoughts !" I asked.
" Thoughts mako tracks," lie continued,
arranging in left hand a score or two of
metal blips; ''and wilh these here letters
we can lako the exact impression of every
thought that ever went out of tho heart of
man ; and wo can print it, loo. Talk
H)0ul ,10 miiid' living forever 1" exclaim.
cd the boy, peiuiing patronizingly at the
ground, as if mind were lying ihero inta
pable of immortality until the printer reach
ed it a helping hand. " Why, the world is
brimful of live, bright, industrioua llio'ts,
whkh would have been dead, if il hadn't
been for boys liko me, who havo run lhe
ink-rollers. Immortality, indeed ! Why,
phople'a minds," ha continued, wilh his
imagination climbing inlo lh profanely
sublime, " people's minds wouldol uo im
mortal, if 'twasn't for tha prio'er at any
rate, in this planetary burying-ground.
We are the chapi that manufacture lin
morlaliiy lor dead men. Give us one
good healthy mind lo think for us, and wo
will furnish a dozen world a lig as. Ibis
ith thoughts to order. Give us auch
man and we will insure his life; we will
AliVLT.TISINO P.ATI'K.
One Muars (12 lines mr lew; ini ieH-rik.n, 4.1'0 .
- " " Iwo iavrtia.ua,. 4,im
11 " flirt iiiainiuM. !i,ui ,
lati !i aaUripirnt inocriitsi, I, en
lUawiiukle deductions to lime who adrrii ly .
tlm yesr.
J O II r It I N T 1 N 0 .
Tna raonirins or tut A 110 I'M is MArrv
to inform the pub.io thai lm ha just received a
largo stork of Joll TVl'U and o hrr i-w print
in maU-r ul, and will I In lha l''.v receipt u
addition suited tn all the lenuiii-ui) in of tha I
.aiitv. IIANDI.II.IJs, pOMTI-.l!", M.ANM,
C'Al'lDS, I IKCl LAIlrs, I'AMI'JII.liT-WOliK
nnd oilier kiinla, done to order, i n ihurl notice.
keep him alive forever among tho living,
lio cuu't dio no way you can fix it, when '
once wohavo touched him wi.h these Lit
of Inky pewter. Ho ahr.u't din nor (dorp.
We will keep his mind at wor on all the
minds that ahull come to live here c long
ni iho world btnuJ. Pra. Quarterly
Hfvii v.
IliiV. Mk. Waldo. A highly Interest-
ing incident occurred lo the Vi'tierable ex- .
Chaplain to Cjrgresa during hi lute visit
lo Philadelphia, lio bad been viaited by
the Chaplain of l Id United States Naval
sylum, to preach I he re lo theoluceri and
sailors, nnd gave his hearer an able and
instructive discourse from I.uko 8 : '.'3 '
" Ami they come to him and awoke liim,
saying, Master wo perish 1 Then he arosu
and rebuked tho winds and the raging of
the waters; nud ihey ceased, and there
wus a calm." At the conclusion he re
marked that ho had preached ihnt very
sermon forty fivo years ago, on board tho
frigate C'jiiititution, in 1SI3, then under
the command of Commodore Hull ; and
that ho had thu curiosity to know whether .
among hie preseut henrers there were eny
who wero on that ship. If there were such, -ho
would bo pleased if they would make
themselves known to him. After lhe er-
vices, C.).itiHodore Stover, the Governor of
the Asylum, came forward nnd told Mr.
Waldo that ho himst If was a midahipsninn
on board thu Constitution nt that lime.
Three old tars eomo forward and took the
old venerable man of God by the hand, and
told him they were then boys on thutsliip.
The meeting seemed highly gralifying to
both parlies, nnd was wiinessed with much ,'
interest by all present.
The Importance or a Si.nulr Vote. It
too often happens that our citizens, either .
from iudifTereuco or business engagements,
negleol the first great duty of an Araeri- -can
cilizi n, that is to voto. We find in
one of our exchanges tho following illus- t
trntion of tho iiupoitance of a single vole:
"One vote in the United States Senate
annexed Texas to the United States. Mr.
Iiinnegnn of Indiana cast that vote. One
voto in the Indiana Legislature selected Mr.
Ilannegnn to his placo in the Senate.
That vote was cist by Madison Marsh ef
Sieuben county. Mr. Marsh was chosen
to tho Legislature of Indiana by one vote.
Hence, one vole cast ly a ptivato citizen
ut a primary election in Indiana, annexed
Texas, led to lhe Mexican war, tho tvoqui- .
sition of California, New Mexico, and Utah,
and iho immense consequences still held ia
tho future as the sure outgrowth of these
great transnotions."
Interesting Statistics. The United
States ate composed of thirty-uno Stales
and seven Terriiovies. 1
They contain a population of 30,000,
000, of whom 25,5U0,()0'J uro white.
Tho extent of tho sea coast ia 12,5'0
miles.
Tho lengih of tho ten principal riven ia
20,000 miles. :
Tho surface of tho fivo great lakes is
00,0(10 square milos.
The nuiiibor of miles of railroad in op
eration ia 20,000.
The lungth of etinid is 5,000 miles.
Il contains the longest railroad on the
globe tho Illinois Central which is 784 .
miles.
Tho amount of registered and enrolled
tonnage is 8-1,400,0111).
Tho amount of capital invested in mae
ufucturea is $300,000,000.
The annual amount of its internal trade
is 8000,000,0(10.
The annual amount of lis products of
labor, other than agriculture, is 81,500,
000,000. lis mines of gold, copper, lead, and iron
aro llio richest iu tha world.
The valao of lis gold produced is 8100,
000,000. Tho surfaced its coal fields is 190,131
square miles.
Within her borders are 80,0flD achools,
5,000 academies, 231 college, 3,800
churches, and more newspapers lhan m
all tho world betide.
X?T The Atlantic Telegraph cable is
about the tize of a dime in diameter. The
eutside is composed ol 18 strands ofsmsll
w ire : next i 0 strands ol yarn : next three
coats of gulta percha ; insido of all are 7
copper wires lor leiegrapnmg. ine n?gr.
gala length of smaller wires required in
the manufacture of one mile of lhe cable is
120 miles! It weighs 1800 pounds to the
mile, is quite flexible, and il was estimated
to be strong enough lo bear in water over
six miles of iis own length if suspended ver.
tically.
A Good Ink An ink that will stand
the test of oxalic acid, and lie indelible on
cloth, can be made of the following cheap
ingred euts: To a gallon of soft water
add one pound of logwood, and boil ona
hour; then add twenty-five gr,;n, 0f tj.
chromato ofiOaWf jrjj twelve grains ef
priisiat no'.ush. Siir a few minutes
wm'le over tho fire, take it off 3d wben.
nettled strain it. The ink ia Acedingir
black and flows freely f;onr) lie pen,
00"" Nine yeaas ego the only railroad
track laid down in Illinois ran from Naples,
on lhe Illinois river, lo Jacksonville, a
dislanco cf twenty -two miles. Now there
is scarcely a county in the Stale which is
not traversed by or within short distance
of a rail read.
:V s
V, !
I'fl
f'A f:
n
' f j'
! J,
I'tn';1
m
ft.
if
e" IT
'T'S.,..'V
S)
ir-;
li
'V5
i v.
1 , v
I -'