favorite doctrina of hli own Incorporated Id
tht constitution, and Lt would Inform them
that tbii wae takn from the constitution of
North Carolina.
' Smith asked if ibi would deprive Mm
or tb tlllo cfWuik"
Logan That would depend upon wliotb-
r lb liile wa earned In consideration of
jiublic service rendered.
The amendment waa lost. Tba origi
nal etctioo wa then adopted.
' Dryer movd lo strike out Ilia word
retldent" and Insert " cllize na" lot.
Dcady moved to intert " while" before
foreigners carried.
llri.low mated lo iniert the following
at lha cod of the ectlon : "That the leg
ialatura shall have power to regulate and
restrain tie immigration of pr rsons who
are not qualified to become citizen of the
United Stat carried.
The remaining sections were then adopt
cd without amendment, and the eame re
ported to the convention.
The convention resolved itielf into com
mlttee of lha whole en the report of the
standing committee on suffrage and elect
ions. 1
The 1st section was adopted.
Farrar moved to aa amend iba 2d soot
ion that no man shall have the right to
vote unless ha be oitiien of the United
Slate.
Farrar advocated hie amendment.
Smith opposed, though ha said he felt
no particular solicitude on the subject.
lUed of Jackson, look lha ground that
Congress had bj the Constitution the ex--elusive
right to pass naturalization laws
and wa had no right to make new citizen
on any other than a full compliance with
the requirement of that law.
Marple opposed the view of the mem
Wfroin Jackson.
- Dryer moved to insert one year in place
of ail month in the amendment lost.
The question recurred on the original
amendment, which was lost.
: Dcady moved to amend the section by
compelling a foreign born citizen to reside
one year in the State before the election to
entitle him to a vote ; lost.
Farrar moved to amend section 3J so
tbat these who may be engaged in duelling
aball not forfeit their right to vole there,
by lost.
j Kelley moved to strike out that per
aons guilty of an infamous crime be en
titled to the privileges of an election
"carried.
The section was then adopted also the
4th and 5th sections.
Dcady moved to amend the 6th section
ao that noua except those who belong to
the free white raoe should be electors. It
was modified ao as to read ' pure whites."
, Brittow moved to amend by inserting
the word 'simon beforo " pure." '
Aflor discussion the amendment was re
jected. The whole amendment was then reject
ed, and the original section adopted.
farrar proposed to strike out section Oth
disqualifying duolista from holding office
lost.
Logno moved lo strike out the words "or
agree lo go out of the State to fight a
duel" lost. ..
Marple moved to strike out the penalty
in the aection and insert " to be punished
by law" j lost.
Farrar moved to negative the section
by inserting the word "not" lost, and
(he aeolion was adopted.
Farrar moved to strike out "a lucra
tive" and insert " any" in the I Oth section
to that no person holding office under the
Vuited Statea should hold oQico under the
Stale ; lost.
The vote on the 10th section was recon
sidered and the word " deputy" ou the
6th line struck out, and the section ad
opted. '' The 12th and 13th sections were then
adopted.
' lfcady moved to amend the 4th section
so .that elections be held on the 3d Mon
lny In June Yens 21, nays 10. . '
Deady moved Tuesday instead of Mon
day ; carried.
' The word annually was (hen stricken
out and the word biennially inserted to
that we have elections only once in two
years; carried.
VHriitow moved to amend the 15th toot
' 'don so that dumb persons should not have
tlie privilege of voting by ballot j lost.
Dryer moved to so aincnJ that voting
la by ballot Yeas 20, nays 25. '
' Punch moved to so amend that the leg.
iilature shall define the method of voting.
"' Committee' rose without deciding the
question.
An Editok's Audikncb. We fear that
there are few editors aware of the respon
sibility implied in the following paragraph
from Hie New York Day Book. We are
apt lo forget the large audiencoa to whom
wa daily apeak: " Whom are you talk
ing tot" Why to a much larger audi
ence than the best conversationist ever
could boast of, and to mora than ever lis
tened to bim during a month. How few
lecturers, how few publio speakers of any
description, ever witnesses! an audience
half so large as that lo which lha editor of
tba smallest country paper preach!
How maoy clergymen ore accustomed to
audienoea of a thousand, and how many
: papers are there that do not strictly and
literally find mora than a thousand read
rat ' ' '
There are 162 John Smiths ia N. Y.eity,
(Il)c (Drcgou Strjus
w. h. a dam, turros and raoraia-roe.
. 0X3002 CZTTi ' '
i i -,..
8ATURDAY, KKITKMUKR 19, 1837.
UT.D..W. Cum is euUuvufei to d any n
lm connected Willi Tli Argu OfTus during my
absence. - . ' ' ' ' ' 1 W. I ADAMS. '
Error. On the first psge of this week's
paper, In th las) column,, about halfway,
down fioin lha top, in tba report of lha
Constitutional Convention proceedings, oc
curs (be following remarkable paragraph :
"Smith introduced an amendment to the
end of lha aection providing that the jury
be tho gudgeona of the lawyers, under the
instruction of (he court; carried." . .
It is unnecessary, wa suppose, to inform
the intelligent rosder that these lines, as
quoted, contain a mistuks and for "gudg
eoos of Ihe lawyers" they were evidently
intended lo read "judgci of tht law.' , Of
course it will be perceived there is a slight
difference. We don't know what our com
positor could have been thinking about at
iba time, unless he had before his mind's
eye somo specimens of the anoient institu
tion as exhibited in the present age of en
lightenment, when generally the J' twelve
good men and true" seem to be selected
more on account of their ignorance than
for any other quality belonging to human
ity. In this view of the case, il is appa
rent that no more truthful as well as homely
illustration could be given of modern ju
ries, ihsn has been done involuntarily by
the compositor in this instance, namely
"gudgeons of ihe lawyers.", . , ,
Narrow Escape. On last Saturday
evening, soon after the steamer Jennie
Clark landed at the foot of the rapids,
Mrs. Capt. Hoy t, with three children, end
Miss Taylor from near Astoria, stepped
in S skiff" for the purpose of being set over
to Mr. Tompkins's place, almost opposite
where the steamer lands.1 Owing to inex
pnrienca and want of care on the part of
the young man who held the oars, the
skiff swung round and was carried by the
force of the current under the guard of
the steamer and instantly swamped, ps
ing under the boat and coming out bottom
up. The passengers,, however, as their
frail craft sank beneath ibem, were able to
grasp the steamer's guard, and, clinging to
that and to each other, were all lifted from
l heir painful and dangerous- position, 'up
on the (learner's deck. Col. Jennings,
having passed down a few minutes before,
was hailed, and coming back, carriod the
involuntary bathera safely over Id Mr. T.'s
place. . . '; -''-, :
From tub Sovth. The editor of the
Sentinel has been on a visit to Josephine
county, and notes great impovryiiont in
Kirbyyillo, tllo county scat, which, he says,
at no distant day will be one of the most
flourishing towns in Southern Oregon. It
is beautifully located in tho center of the
most extensive and most successful mining
districts. The mines on Sucker, Althouse,
Canyon, Josephine, and Rriggs' creeks are
yielding well. ,
The Sontinel is informed thai the con
tractors on the Crescent City road have
commenced work in earnest, and there can
no longer bo any doubt of its completion.
Tho road will add more to tho importance
of Southern Oregon than any enterprise
heretofore undertaken.
tlT Mr. Isaao Headrick, of Howell
Prairie, Marion county (the Eden of Ore
gon), has sent us a box of excellent apples,
for which he will please accept our grateful
thanks. . . - ;; v.-;. t .:.:
Marion County Enumeration. The
Advocate gives tho following as , tho legal
enumeration of Marion county for tho pres
ent year ! '' " ' ' "" ' " ' .' " ' 7' , '
Legal voters, 1331 ; males over 2l",
1400 ; males over 10, and under 21, 039 :
males under 10, 009 ; total . number of
maleM, 3403 : females over 18, 078 : fo-
mules under IS and ovor 10,'4S l females
under 10, 038 ; total number of females,
2450; total number of persons, 5855 ;
amount of taxable properly, $2,300,0001
03" Mr. Mahlon Brock has laid on Our
table some fine apeoimens of the Red In
dian Peach. Two of them together weigh
ed ous pound two ounces. ,: - : ! ; ": .
Panoramic Entertainment, Lo. Pro
fessor VandorfT gave the citizens of Oregon
City exhibitions on Friday and Saturday
evenings of last week embracing a pano
ramic representation of the Planetary Bjs
tem, accompanied and illustrated by a sci
entific lecture also a Panorama 'of Scrip
turul scenes and incidents with Ventrilo
quism, Magic, dec. ' Prof. Yandoff has
held forth in most of the towns of Oregon,
and, so far as we know, has given pcnerul
satisfaction.-' We understand that ha will
pay our city another visit the coming week,
with perhaps aa addition to bia means of
entertaining the public. ."
OtT Blushing it an effusion that is gen
erally tba least seen in those who have the
most occasion forir. ' ' ' '
i i . -.
03" A question has bean raised in one of
our Courts whether a blind mo can be
liable for a bill ' at sight. The lawyers
arepurzled. ' ' v-' 1 ' . ' '
' "- ' .: !
CO" Why is a watch-dog larccr at night
lhan in lb morning f Because be is let
out at night and taktn in in th morning,
03" New York lae 884 cburohea, indu
cing ua syasgoguea. , f
For Iht Argu:
Th ArfWtacal aislatt MUvery.
. Ma.'KoiTOB-fl wl.h lo call the alien
lion of your five thousand readers agaiii
to Iba affect of slavery in depreciating the
prioe f their land. I wish to' do this
bees use certain claim-holders are pleading
for. slaves to help clear nd,work,jbeir
land. . They ay, w want help wo can
not afford to hire free laborers we must
have slaves. I heard a land-owner talking
ia ibis st i sin to a free laborer a few days
ago, and felt Indignant at the insult of soch
arnuments. .Resides abusing those whom
be falsely calls abolitionists, be put the
argument to ihe free laborer in this way:
I own a claim.. I cannot clear it all or
work it all myself. I cannot afford to
employ you, and yot support my family In
easy luxury.' I wwh to bring a class of
laborers who will lake your place and make
it degrading for you to work also.'' And
now, I want you to vote to bring them here,
and just let me and my wife and children
live assy.. Free laborer asks, what great
reason- have you for this! Land owner
replies, Oh, th greatest possible reason.
lit, The good of the country; 2d, the
preservation of the Democratic party, lo
which you and I belong ; you know the
Republicans want to break us up, and gel
ihe offices themselves, 3d, To preserve
the Constitution of tba 'United States.
The abolitionists wish lo destroy that, and
break up the Union.' We must, you see,
have alavary to preserve the Union. The
North is getting toe strong. - We must
have two men in lha Senate in favor of the
South, and one in the House. Now if we
do not all vote for slavery, it will go the
other way. The North 1 will become
stronger and' the South weaker, and the
slave-holders won't bear this. ' They will
break up the Union, and then we shall lose
all our freedom. ' There will be civil war,
and England will take advantage' of our
weakness, and lake, away some' of our
country, perhaps Oregon, and Washing
ton, and California. ,' You see how impor
tant it is to vote for slavery in Oregon, and
thus save the Union, and the Democratic
parly, and enable us who own lands to im
,provo them. " ' ' ' ' ''
v Free Laborer But this matter Is not all
so clear to me. 'I wirb to ask what will
become of me and of my wife and chil
dren.' I have a claim which I am slowly
improving, but, In order to get along and
support the young family at present, we
have to move into town once a year for a
few months, and work for others. The
fair prices for work here and among tho
richer farmers give us a lift, and wo go on
another year comfortably. Wife and I
are both willing to work hard, as every
body must do in a new country. ' Yau now
wish me to vote for slaves to come lo take
our work out of bur hands. You wish me
to vote lo quit work, deprive my family of
the comforts and even, the necessaries of
life, which we now gain by hard toil ; or
you wish me to vote to pul myself on a
level with the slave, in the field, and in the
wpods, and in carrying brick and mortar.
You wish me lo work for less than I now
do to. work harder and to be degraded
with slaves by. my. work and you wish
me to vote for a system which will do all
this for me and my family, that you and
your family may live easily : and if I will
not do this, you will call ma an abolitionist,
no enemy of my country, and no Democrat.
Pro-slavery Land owner Well, I do nol
mean exactly that. , I do nol think all this
will happen. I do not think that slave
enough will come lo lower the price of la
bor much. For my part, I cannot buy
more than one or two, and I shall have to
borrow a pari of the money for that. , They
will cost $100Q apiece.-, i s, ; .- y .
i Free Laborer Well, if slaves enough
will not come to lower the price of labor
much, why cau you not as well hire free
men as buy slaves t According to your
own showing it would bo cheaper. ' Yon
have to invest $1000 in your slave, the
iuturosl of- which is at least 0150 per an
num.; .That interest is dead loss.- ' You
have e, risk Ihe life and the health of your
slave you have to feed and clothe bim
you have to urge him to work, and oversee
htm while at' it. j 'He' will be neither skill
ful fo plan nor quick to do work, nor pru
dent to save time, or tools, or harvests.
And then you must' incur the risk of his
running away or if 'you wntch. him so
closely that he cannot get' away, you be
come, a, slave to him.-, You at ihe same
time, make him your enemy. Ho' will
waste whal he can without discovery.1 He
wilt perhaps become desperute, preferring
death lo slavery especially if he baa been
torn away from his own wife and children.
Rut he will determine nol to die alone.
If you will not let him escape alive, he
will delermfne'to die in your burning house
and , weltering in your blood. Slaves
brought to Oregon, to work aide by aide
with the whiles, to hear all that is said on
all subjects,' will no 'be Ignorant of their
rights: 'they "will not "tamely a'ubniit al
way. Tbey jsiU Jtiama,dojftid ly worth
lesv of malignantly desperate. ' Besides
ibis, according; to the testimony of slave
holders, on free laborer' is worth fir
slave. " If you da not admit this, you will
admit that one free laborer, whom you
co spar to duly by his wage, in worth at
leatt two or three slaves. . To return to Our
(purrs.: 'Yoa. 'will pay $2000 for two
slaves, loa 930O late-rest annually oa the
same, risk the loss of both, feed and clothe
them, be yourself a slave to watch and
gaida them, ratkr thsB ksy $40 pt
month loa free laborer, who will do moro
than both, eat Iras, be no care, be no risk,
and who will he a fit 'companion for your
self and family. j i f ; l-l
Still further, your two slave cannot do
your work. White men will not long
work with them in your fields, or white
women in- your be"" And unless you
can buy more, you will fait to Improve the
farm for which you have entered upon
this system, , You will thus actually turn
the white laborer out 'of employment, and
deprive him of the benefits which tho free
labor market now affords him. You may
claim that you will treat ihe slave well
and benefit him, but you do il at my ex
pense. You push me and my family aside
to give room for him. 'This is what slave
ry has dona at the South.
'' There are In fifteen slave Slates 346,048
slave holders, according to the last census
reports, and five million non-slaveholding
while. Those noh-slaveholders' are gen
erally poor; there are few opening for
their work," and (hey are becoming more
and more mioerableasaclass. Multitude
or them are annually leaving for the free
Siatca. ' Southorn Ohio, Indiana, and Illi
nois aro settled chiefly by them. Slavery
makes the non-slaveholder poorer, and
lends to drive him lo the free Slates.
Your system, that for which you wish me
lo vote, would not only degrade my labor,
diminish the price' of it, drive me out of
the labor market, but eventually drive me
from the State. .
' But I have not dona with your pro-slavery
arguments yet; ""
' You start with the idea that you cannot
clear your land and improve your farm
with cheaper help, such as slaves. Did
you ever think thai your land cleared by
slaves would not sell for as much as it will
now uncleared and unimproved I Record
ing to the Inst census, the average price per
acre of land in all the non-slnveholding
Siatcs wai (10.73, and in slavoholdmg
Stales it was $5.80. .."You'wil not bo' able
to raise your land ubovehe average of land
in slavchohliiig Stales. Oregon ' must
share the depression in prices which Mis
souri has groaned under' for thirty-seven
years. The moment you introduce slave
ry, your land fidls from the free Slate av.
erage of $lp.73 to the slave Slate average
of $5.80. " If you and I vote for that sys
tem,1 we vole to destroy $13.93 of the
value of every acre of Oregon's fair do
main.' You profess yourself too poor to
hire free men or free women, but you think
yourself rich enough lo make yourself and
your neighbors poor by introducing slavery.
' I wish to be excused from voting to place
my land in the lists of that in slave Slates.
1 am unwilling to vote such a wrong upon
my neighbors' property. ' A.
From tht Neu York Evening Pott.
, Th Vrea Laborer's Great Arguaieat. i
At last Ihe people of the Southern States
are seriously looking the question of eman
cipation in the face. The movements in
Missouri and Virginia are nol the only evi
dence of it ; almost every day new indi
cations reach us of adeeaying confidence
in bond labor, and a corresponding inquiry
into the economy of Ihe free.'. One of the
most encouraging symptoms of this, kind
has ju.t come under our noiice. It is the
publication of a book written by Mr. n.
R. Helper, of North Carolina, who has
collected in a volume of some 400 pages
the most compact and irresistible array of
facts and arguments to prove the impolicy
of slavery, that we remember to have en.
countered. The book is entitled, ' Tht
Impending Crisis of tht South How to
meet it," and is published , by Burdick
Rrothers of this city. Mr. Helper is a
resident " of Salisbury,' Rowan county!
North Carolina, where his family has' re!
Mded for severaf generations.' ' He becarmj
dissatisfied With the way things were go
ing with him and his neighbors, and natur
ally Concluded that 'there must be some
reason for the greater prosperity , of the
Northern Statea. ' He was not long in fincl
ing out what the reason was, "and lie has
had the courage to proclaim it. ' He says
lhat slavery issucking the life-blood of the
South, and lhat.she can prosper in noth
ing until she 'gets rid of itv To prove tnw',
and to convince his neighbors of their folly
in persisting in it, be wrote the book to
which we have alluded.. He baa here col
lected a body of facts and statistics agoinsl
the econpmy, which seems to us quite,
irresistible as Newton's argument, of gravi
tation. , We have never seen the facia, a r.
rayed with ao much power. Vet propose
to give some of .bis elaborate, and, we be
lieve, conscientious calculations, under the
impression thai they will reveal many new
and surprising aspecis of this much vexed
biS'-' ' 'Yv v".-'t
1 elavery. has an advantage over free
labor in anything, it must be in, the culti
vation of the soil in agriculture. Here
are some of the comparative results of free
and slave Jabox.. agriculture : "
-iTt(e-erop of bush i-foea ore products
such as wheat, oats, Indian corn, potatoes,
rye, barley, buckwheat,' beans' and peas,
clover and grass-seeds, flax seed, garden
product and orchard products, in the free
States, amounted in 1850 lo 409,190,041
bushels, and was valued at $351,709,703.
The same crop in the slave Stales, with
238,011 square miles larger area of ter.
ritory, amounted to only 481,766,880
bushels, valued at $308,927,067, or leas
than the free States some seventeen mill
ion of bushels nearly forty-four millions
of dollar. ... ,V . . , .,
Much as the South' boast rcf it enor.
mous cotton crop, Mr. Helper shows that
ihe hsy crop alon of the Northern State
is worth considerably mora than all the
cotton, rice, hay, and hemp produced in
the fiftceo slave, Sioles, more than four
limes the value of all the cotton produced
in tho country ; also, that the singlo Slate
of New York' produo -more lhan - three
time the quantity of hay that i produc
ed in all the tlavo .Statvi together. Here
is his (able : . ,
' ' hat caurorTii rats rrm W I6."j8.
l9,6!NM)e3l0aattll3u ("() l4i,l3H,9t)8
, 4 suaaav mobuct or Tiia slavs ttk.
0011011-8,445,770 balm at $7,lifl4,i)38
Tobacco 185,U'.,3,90fl II- l lUc... .
Rlc (nwah) 9IMI3.4U7 lb l4e 8,lil'W31)
Hay 1,137,784 ton al $11,80 111,713,180
llmnp-34,073 ton al $112 3.H83.376
Can Sugar 937,133,000 lbs at To. Ifl'J!) 310
Siimlry product slave Statu..,..
Hay crop of fre Slate
$138,005,72.1
142,138,908
Dalinee In favor of fre Slate... . $3,5334273
' In ihe pound measure products of tho
soil, Mr. Helper proves a much more strik
ing contrast than In tho bushel measure.
Here Is his recapitulation :
rnr.r. vtatss.
liny 28,427,7911,680 lb al o $142,136,998
I lamp
II. p
KUx
Mu pie Hug.
Tobacco...
4A3,m So
22.170
3,403,178 ' ' 15
3,048,97d ' '10
32,IC1,7U9 11 8
14,7.V.,087 ' 10
39,647,211 ? 35
519,476
304,S7
. 2,.r72,9l.'l
1,475,208
13,874,52:1
52,479,117
1,033,255
Wo. 4...,
Dul'rachcese 319,800,783 15
lieeiw'i a hou 6,888,303 ' ' 15
Total.
8,878,064,902 lb, value 4214,422,423
. . II.4VH aTATKB.
Hay 2,54S,(i;ir,,lfiO Ibaal Jo.:.$l2.743,1SO
Hemp 77,007 ,520 '
5o
3,883,370
linn 3J,7HU '
Flnx ' ' 4,700,193
Maple Sugar 2,1188,687 '
Tobacce... 185,023,906
Wiwl 12,797,329 '
But'r a cheese 68,03424 1
Beeswax tlion. 7,964,700
Cotton .... 97811,600 '
Cane Sugar 937,l3:i,0(0 '
Rice(rouKli) 915,313,497
15
' 10
8
' 10
35
' 15
15
8
7
4
5,
47,
" 1071
18,50:
4,47Lfltj0o
10295,133
1,194,714
78,204,928
16,599,310
8,612,538
Total...
1
43870,601 lb, value $155223,415
total airraasxca rovND-MSAiuaa raonvcrs.
I'oiiikU. , Vnlne.
Free Stale 28.878,064,91)2 $2l4,42',,.r.23
Slave Slate 4,38,870,601 155,323,415
Balauceinlb., 24,539,094,241
, Pillereneo in value - .$:9,199,108
These figures, we beliuve, would have
startled even Mr. Cullionn, if he had lived
lo read them. ; But the contrast is not by
any means exhausted ye!.' Hero we have
the roljiiive, productiveness of tho free and
the slave-tilled farms : .,
rasa statu. .'
Wbeat .' 12 bushels per acre.
Outi '. 27 " "
Hye... 18 " " '
Indian Corn.......'..... 20 " "
Irioh Polatoe ;..125 - '.
SLAVS STATU. '
9 buiJieli rxracre.
17 , ' . "
11 " "
.............. SO , " ' " "
113 " "
Wheat
Oat
Rye..... ,
Indian Corn...
Irish Potatoes.
'Add up these two : columns if figures,
and what is the result t Two hundred and
thirteen bushels as the product of five
acres in the South..: Looking at eaoh item
separately, wa will ' find that the avi rage
crop per aero to every article enumerated
is greater in the' free States lhan in the
slave Stales while the ' tables at large
which precede the recapitulation we have
quoted, 1 show that, while Massachusetts
produces sixteen busliels of wheat to the
acre,,Vrginia produces only seven ; that
Pennsylvania produces fifteen and Geor
gia ouly five; thai while Iowa produces
thirty. six bushels of osls to the acre, Mis
sissippi produces only twelve ; that Rhode
Island produces thirty and North Carolina
only len ; that while Ohio produces twen
ty. five bushels of rye to the acre, Ken
lucky produces only eleven ; that Vermont
produces twenty and Tennessee only seven;
that while Connecticut produces foriy
bushels of Indian corn lo the acre, Te.Hs
produces only twenty ; that New Jersey
produces thirty-three, and South Carolina
only eleven ; that while 'New ' Hampshire
produces two hundred bushels of Irish po
tatoes to the acre, Maryland produces only
seventy-five that Michigan produces one
hundred and forty and Alabama only sixty.
The', difference in value of live stock,
slaughtered auimalsand farms, is, it poss
ible still more striking. 'The following is
a recapitulation of his table : '"' ' -!
" '"" n T'',t "'rasa states.' '''' '-' 11 "'
Vahie of live etoek,' t' $3864761
Value of animals lughtcred,. , . ... 50,91037
Value of furm, farming implemeul, i
.audiQuehuiery,. . ( j ( : , 2,233,058,619
- ... ,:.v , i ,. ,,j $2,576,425,307
., i! ,'.,.' etAva itatsi. .
Value of live stock, ... $253,72.1,087
Value of animals alaughtered, , . 54,388477
Value of furnia, furmiiig implemeata,
aBdmacliiueiy, j . r J.183,995,274
' '.j !(... !.,!,:. !i .; KA : ; 1,492,107,338
DirrxaiacB m tilde tasms and domestio ah-
, 1HAL.
Free State, ' '' ' ' $2,576,425497
Slave State, .' .,: i ,. . . ., ;.-1,492,107438
Balanceinfavorofthefree State, $1,084418,059
' By adding to this last balance in favor of
the free States ihe difference in value of
the bushel and pouud-meaaure products,
we shall have a very correct idea of the
extent to which the undivided agricultural
interests of the free Statea preponderate
over those of the slave Stiles. . Let us add
the difference' together, and see what will
be the resuhi V ...; V ..
BALIIKI ALL 0 VAVOS Of THE SOITB. J
Difftreooe in the value of buaiiel-mea-sure
product, ' ' $14,7S2,636
DirTirtnce ui Uie Talue of poond -measure
products, . . 59,199,108
Difference in the value of farm and
domestic animals, i' 1,084418,953
Total, ' ' ' ' ' ' $1,18899,803
Thus it appears that, in spile of all the
loud talk of Southern politicians about
the agricultural products of the South sup
porting the country, the entire value of all
he agricultural interests of the slave State
showing a balance in ' favor of the free
Statea ofen billion one hundred ami
tifkty-eigkt million tlx kvtndrtJ and nine.-
4TJ0
I) nint Ihoutundiyht- hundred and Ht
uuiiun i .
Of the mineral productions of (he t.v
cctlnns Mr. Helper does not give IRy
tailed slativtic, bul he stale, upon whatbs
deems sufficient authority, that the marble
and free stone quarrio of Now England
ore far more important sources of revenue
than all ihe subterranean deposits in tb
lave Slates, and that the total value of all
Ihe precious metal, rocks, minerals, iD
miners! waters annually extracted from the
bowels of thn free Stales la not less ih(a
eighty.five million of dollars, and seven
limes as much as th product of tba slave
States from the same source,
Mr. Helper 'a table (how alto that the
entire wenlth of the froe and altv Stain
compared, is as follow: 1
Kntir wraith of the free Stale, $4,109 m iL
Kntir wealth of th .lav. SlaU,
including lvn, 2,936,090,737
Balance in favor of free Slate, $1,1 66,081 ,371
Ve will not attompt to follow Mr. Hl
er any further with hi comparisons, which
are infinite in number and upon. almost
every conceivable subject, but all tending
to prove the same general truth, that frea
labor has uniformly proved more profitable
than slave lubor.nnd that the exchange of
slave for free labor Is the only resource
which i left ihe South for escape from be
ing a waste. 3 ;, j
Obituary. t
Died In Oregon Cily, Sept. 8d, 1837
Dh. JOUN McLOUOULl aged 73
years. l, '. V .
The death of our venerable and distin
guished fellow citizen, whose name aad
hitory are so identified with that of thn
cily and Territory,' deserves more tbia
a passing notice, : 't. .... (
He was born and educated in Canada,
and sooh after he obtained bis degree h
entered tho service of the North West
Company as a physician. ' Decerning a
partner, he was placed in charge of Fort
William, at that limo the piiucipal d.pot
nf thu Company ; during hii administta
lion, the fiercest competition grew up be
tween that mid the Hudson Day Company,
wliicli heCnmo'so shiirp am JiMpcr:iie, ifiat
hcistilities mid battles took place between
their iimtuttl adherents, resulting in the lost
of many live and ihe entire destruction of
the Fort. After this, the two compatji
were merged, and Dr. McLouuhlin wis
placed in solo charge of tho possessions snd
trade of the Hudson Day Company pest of
tho liocky Mountains. He established th
principal post at Fort Vancouver, and con
tinued in clmrgo there till 1844, whea
leaving the service of the Company, he re
moved to this city, having selected this a
hia claim in 1829, and from that time
made improvement thereon. Here hre.
mained until his daih. . ,
' Hawaii a roan of large liberulity in' all
the departments of life, as was manifested
by bis lavish generosity to a largo circle
of relatives, his constant readiness lo re
lieve distrcas and assist the needy, and hit
prompt aid in every : public undertaking.
Though warmly attached to and a devout
believer in the doctrine of -the Roman
Church, hp was so truly catholic tbat be
cheerfully nsieid other denominations,
and was especially liberal in his dons lions
for institutions of learning, even though
under the exclusive management of those
of a different creed. To the early emi
grants, his succor was free and abundant.
Ho literally " fed the hungry and clothed
the naked.". , His position at the head of a
poworful corporation, his long experience
among 'the -Indian Tribes, hi influence
over , them based upon their knowledge f
his strict integrity, his courage and .hi
firmuess under all circumstances, gvt
bim great facilities as tho pioneer and pat
ron of civilization in Oregon, which he
promptly improved. , His conduct ia this
respect was ihe prime cause of difference
between him and his employer; buttl
ing that he had dona hi duty in assisting
to develop the immense resources of lb
Pacific wilderness, rather lhan in forcing
it, against ihe indications of Providence, to
remain as the hunting ground of trapper
and savages, be preferred to abandoabis
lucrative office and his allegianceipodjU
an American citizen, employ hia great en
ergies, his' wealth and his experience ia
building up a new repubjic.' It is to be
regretted that hia efforts were not fairly
and hbnorablv recognized, but tbat th lg
islation of Congress unrighteously select
ed bim as a victim, and maliciously saen
ficed his interest, apparently for no other
reason than because he wa of foreiga
birth and" had been a chief Factor of U
Hudson's Bay Company, forgetting that,
prior 10 ibis action, be bad taken lb astb
of fidelity as an American citizen, and b
used all the mean which be boooraoiy
could, while in office, to advance America
- .1 Ti.:. ;fl;,-i,l neon D'
interests. a in wiwug ...... v.-- -i
MfrLoiifmLiv. afflicted and crieved bim.
anrl embittered the laat year of bi life.
not so much on accounl of lb pecunm j
loss it Caused him, considerable as it was,
abccause. .of., the. accusation .and fls
chjrgas with which it was accompanw
the iagi'atitud it manifested, and the ne
cessity it imposed upon him lo apt'
a nation whos boast it is that il is fre
generous and magnanimous, to rosier t
him rights of which, while standing 00 the
brink of (be grave, ihe aged and whM
baired pioneer, bad beenwcruelly rot.
Alajil that iuatice was so slow mat
itt,o"ut lha iisfolioo of knowing
restiiutioa wa mde, and U Ww
cow
aT