AJjVEUTISINO It AT1C8.
Oat square (IS Hum or Itw) oi liumion,
M " two iiiwtuina, 4. 1;',
" lliK-s Insertions, !,;':
Each suUiniit liurtlen, I.I.
nnnsk! de'.ue:lo;; to iIiom who sdvrrtiu y
Ihs ytor.
Office-Good's Building, Main st. Edito
rial Kooin in lirst story.
TERMS Tli Ainui will bt fumUhtd al
Thru Dollars and t'ifly llrnta per annum,
la tinqlt aukterilimThrta Dutlura
laeh la elutit nf ten at one office,
3T Twa Hollars far m moiilhitio tubtcrijt-
liana rrrtired fur a hit period,
fjf Na paper diirtintinued unlit nil arrenragei
JOD PRINTING.
Tin ranraistoa or ths Aft'il'M is lurry
tn inform (lis Hib'lo tlmt lie has just rtcelvt-.l t
Urge stork iifjoll 'J'VJ'limiJ other nrw f.rlir. -inn
innti-r.ul, and will l.e In tli sjeerly receipt
il'litl'ii iiiii-d to nil the n 1'iirf iirn: nf ih I'1
entity. IIANDHII.IA I'Oh'IKIIH, Hl.ANKf,
HAKIM, t;ll:t:l'l..lifi, I'AMI'III.KT.Wl'I'.K
ninl n'.lier kliiils, 'lune 10 urler, oil sliorl rot'rr.
-A Weekly Ni'vr;pnjK'r, devoted lo the Principles of Jcftersonian Democracy, and advocating tlio side of Truth in every issue-
Vol. III.
OREGON CITY, OREGON, APRIL 18, 1857.
No. 1.
rrwiu, uiurmi Ol int opium OJ lae puuiltlier.
THE OHKMN AKGUS.
mMsiiso avssr uTi'tmr morsjino,
BY WILLIAM L. ADAM 3.
Far Iht Argus.
V'rull (trowluff..
Mr. Editor I am d uly film' to tee n
much imprest manifested by our farmers
in tint branch of business nt lha bead of
this article. When I hoar tome of our
would la knowing men croaking ahuul l lie
Overdoing of fruit growing, 1 am rcininilcj
of ibis tamo class of men who in iho days
of Franklin could not believe that more
than one newspoper could ho sustained in
nil iho Colonies for many year to come!
nd who nflirmcd there was nothing to jus.
tify tho high prico thut tola wero selling
Tor then in Philadelphia, and thut they
would not bo worth more than tlioy were
then selling for in fifty year ! ! Ii will bo
hard lo cunvitico such people of tho fuel
thai iho more good fruil is raided in Or
egon, the grower will bo thn demand for
it. Suppose that every quarter section in
tht Willamette valley bud now a br:u ing
orchard 01 f'vn hundred trees of such np
jdes ns can be h "n'1 I'PI1 ny
time from October l -"ty 5 what would
Lo tho consequence ! fot thai "he world
would bo over-stocked with fruit and lh
market all glutted. No; but lh coima
quencfl would l' that il'ey would betaken
from our orchard nt prices highly remu
nerative, end told not only in California,
but in the ciiiee of Central America, China,
Japan. Australia, and tho thousand islands
of the Pacific. l!ut suppose they only sell
for two bit per bushel : the farmer can
better afford lo sell them at two bits pur
bushel when bin trees b'Hi from ten to
fitrty bushels, ibun he can now at ten dol.
lira when they aro muall and only b"iir
from a doznii to oo bushel. Aid he will
Itave another advantage ho can thus uf
rfoid toeiil apple himself.
.1 aw half inclined to second tny friend
"Rcwsom's motion lor a fruit-grower' con
. volition; uoverlheless I think nothing
would be loat by wailing another year or
two, nnd in the moan lime let all who have
any experience in fruit growing in Oregon
-coinii) u nic e it tn snne one of our public
journal, and let our newspaper fdilors
who fuel an interest in the mutter (and I
hope they all do) lay down their party
bickering') so far as lo allow them to copy
from each other the several articles on this
subject, in which nil parlies and creeds are
equally interested.
There are from eighty to one hundred of
the different varieiieg known in the frtii)
bjokn thut have fruited in Oregon, but as
we have many varieties of both climate
nnd soil, and that too in the same neighbor
hood, let no one bo loo busty in pronounc
ing any one "worthless," but, where it lias
proved so with him, let him state what kind
of soil, whether our level rich prairie, or
high rolling red hill land. Would it be
strango if a certain variety, say Northern
Spy, should prove a failure with friend
Newsoin on his level prairie land, and yel
bo number ono w ith Itulph (iter or sumo
one else in the hills I Let him state what
age his trees were when set out, nnd
whether thry wern taken fmn a nursery of
'the same kind of land of that which he
planted them in ; what ns the manner
of his transplanting, cultivating, Ac, Ac.
I will hero state that my experience and
.iltantit at inn UMtli rnna ril lit I 1 in I. Mot n i.C
trees for setting out, greatly preponderates
in favor of one-year old. Let thrifty
-eurliigs bo selected from a nursery ol
the name kind of land of that in which you
Te going to plant them, Good yearling
in Oregon will average four feet high. If
your land is rich euough to raise a good
pumpkin vine, you need not manure it.
If your tree has a tap root, cut it off; but
let all the other roots be ns little cut or in
juied in removing at possible. If your
land be level, dig no hole, but set your
tree on the surface and pile the loose soil
on the roots till it is as deep its it stood in
iho nursery. Let your mound extend a
foot beyond the longest roois of your tree.
If the land be rolling, I throw out the earth
one spade dncp, and wide enough lo admit
die roots to be fully extended without twist
iing or doubling them ; then filj in till your
tree -will stand just as deep as it stood in
: the-nursery ; then cut oil the top of your
tree just above where you wish it lo throw
out its primary limbs. Topping has a ten
dency to cause vigorous limbs lo shoot
out that otherwise would not start at all.
'Then by pinching or cutting back you can
keep up a proper balance among your pri.
mary limbs, and nut allow an undue por.
lion of sap to flow to one limb to the iin-
noverishin'r of another. Never allow a
,r a -
tree to fork; if you do, sooner or later
jour tree will split, and one or both forks
fall. Always -cut anJ pinch in such a man
fier as will cause yonr largest limbs lo grow
aearest lie root of your tree, and as nearly
equal on all sides as possible, leaving a
leader as nigh the center as you can gel
it, so as to be from one to Iwo feel higher
than the surrounding branches. In this
way your tree will form a beautiful pyra
mid, somewhat resembling a sugar loaf.
I wiEeV.e thi3 art'ele ilh s f- brf
reasons for prefoning year old tiecs. First,
they will only cost about half what two or
three year olds will cost. Second, they
can be removed without cutting or mutila
ting their roots, nnd consequently will not
be stunted or put hack like older tree.
Last year I tried the experiment ; I put
out some, very thrifty two-year olds re
moved them with as mtich care as I could ;
pul out other yearlings, not half so large
now hoM'ovor they are larger than the for
mer and much tiioru thrifty ; ground nnd
cultivation the same. Some of each w ill
bloom and probably bear the present ypnr.
Next year I look for a good crop from each,
more from tho latter than tho former. Fi.
nully, I enn train n ypnr.old tree to a beau
tiful hhiipc, which cannot be dono with
older trees.
In my next I will (jive my experience
with the several varieties that I have seen
fruited in Oregon, N, J.
Walnut Grove Nursery, March 10, 'o7.
P. S. My orchard ottd nursery are on
the trench Prairie, thn hind level prairie,
with very gradual siopo. I stale this
from the fact that the success of trees here
may be different, at least with some vari
eties, from what it would be in the hills or
river bottom. n. j.
Lai-rei. Hill, Jan. 30, 1657.
Editor of the Argus In a recent jour,
ney through a portion of the Willamette
valley, I discovered to my astonishment
that there ninny persons even h're who
are adiocales of that curse of America,
Slavery. But I have not yet sren a single
instance of a proslavery man who coiilil
render a valid reason for desiring lo intro
duce sluery into Oregon.
Nw it seems to me that any man, or set
of men, in this enlightened age of the
world, who is so deaf to Ihe voice of con
science, so utterly regardless of Christian
duty nnd moral obligation, ns lo advocate
an institution which violates the most ines
timablfl right of every human being, is
entirely beyond the reach of any argu
ment based upon jusiice and equity, and
can only bo reached through the medium of
his srlfgoverni.ig prlnolplo srlfuitercst.
I therefore propose briefly to examine
how the introduction of slavery into Or
egon would affect the pecuniary interests of
its inhabitants, Let us then suppose thnt
Oregon is a slave State, and that some
capitalist goes to Missouri or Louisiana to
purchase a stock of slaves. lie has to
pay from eight bundled to a thousand dol
lars each fr adults ; then lh cost of trans
portation to Oregon will add two hundred
dollars to thut ; then the dealer must make
twenty or iwenty-five per cent, for his
lime and lisks; makins tho price of a
slave in Oregon about fifteen hundred dol
lars!! And how is the purchanertomake
up this expenditure out of t lie labor of the
slave? Can he do it by raising wheat at
one dollar per bushel? Is there any spe
cies of labor thnt n slave can perform in
Oregon that would justify a man in feeding
and clothing him from one year's end to
another? If so, what is it? There aro
some perhaps who think that this would be
a great country for raising negroes for
other markets. What will it cost to raise
them? Where is the market, and what
can they be sold for? These questions
are worthy the consideration of the would
be slavelwhinrs of Oregon, and, perhaps,
when tho subject is examined, it may turn
out a losing speculation after nil.
There is another question which I think
extremely pertinent: How are you pro-
slavery men lo buy slaves, when you can
scarcely raise the tin to pay your taxes ?
I have heard of some bachelors in Or
egon who aro in favor nf shivery because
they wish to purchase slaves for house
keepers. Gentlemen, I con save you a
thousand dollars! ' Just go to Yamhill Re
serve, take a few blankets nnd an Indian
poney, and you can get a better bargain.
There are probably some proslavery
men in Oregon whose true motives, if
known, would doubtless be admired : the
said motives being a laudable desire to see
their kindred around them, and a natural
and very pardonable longing for the kind
of society lo which they have besn accus
tomed, and for which they are so eminently
adapted. But these gentlemen perhaps
would be generous enough to forego their
private giatification to promote the public
good.
This great Republic, like the camel in
the fable, is already heavily laden with the
burden nf slavery; beware, Oreponians,
lest you add the feather which sbaP break
the camel's back.
I am yours, truly,
SsGITTAtll'S.
To Maie Whitewash that Will Not
Res Orr. Mix up half pailful of lime
and water ready to pnt on the wall ; then
take one gill of flour and mix it with the
water; then poor on it boiling water uffi-
I cicnt lo thicken it ; poor it while-hot into
the whitewash ; stir all well together and
; it is r Vy for n?.
Vrm Kurojit-
GuBvrHniTAtN. Parliament has pub
i.t.j. i . . 1 1' i i
sources of rcvenuo wa, X7l,S18,HIIO, and!
tho tolul expenditure 88.307,000, being
an excess of 10,UoO,(l(0 sterling of ex
penditure over income.
The Kail of Clarendon Im expressed his
full approval of all the acls of Admiral
Keymour, Minister llowring, and Consul
1'itrkos, al Canton.
l'ttt'sMA and Switzerland. Tho Pari
papers state that the news relating lo the
affair of Neufchalel is decidedly not o
good ns nt fust seemed. The King ol
I'russia, it is thought, evinces a desire to
throw impediment in ihe way of tho fu'
fiilmenl of bis pnn nf the compact.
1 II K 1 EitMA.N War. llierrrsion war
n.i.ea an account oi me puuu . income anu ,,inl ,,,ev , u di j ,f eff(.CIUB
exi.endilure for lha year ending oepi. 13, , , ,
1950. Tho total income from all '!ltrl before ihe dsy of inauguration. Accord.
is the moi important matter of fact which' l"n u,eo' w"ltr "lu ""PS"
now engages intention. The Intelligence j "a,ed '" P"o,1 Mf- Buchanan
from the East shows that llm taking of, left suddenly for Wheatland, where hear
Uuchiro by the Kngli.h troops has pio-1 rived sulIVriiig severely from diarrhavt.
duced some alarm, nnd disposed Iho .Shah! u ... t... . i crr...,,i
to has'eu iho settlement of his dilliculties
with Knglatid. although preparing for war,
as a matter of course. lie has sent fur
ther instructions to his embassador, now
in Paris, w ho is about lo cotno to London,
and personally with Lord Clarendon ar
rant! terms of peace, for which he lias
full powers. T he war will soon terminate.
In fac', orders have been given counter
manding the transport of four thousand
troops to India to replace ihoe sent to Per
sia. The Persian Govornmenl has issued
a manifesto upon the aggression of Eng
land, and accuses her of the very thing
she charges Persia with doing. An ably
written pamphlet hus also been isued on
the same subject, which shows considerable
ability on the part of ihe writer, a Persian
uf ability.
ltrssiA. Russia has concluded a treaty
with China to enable her to trado with the
five Chinese ports open to foreign com
merce. The Panama Star and Herald contains
the following in its foreign correspondence:
With respect to China, we may here
mention an important statement given in
the French newspapers. It is that the rep
resentatives of all tho foreign powers at
Canton, with the sole except'on of Unrep
resentative of the United States, persist in
maintaining their neutrality. They be
lieve thai F.nglutid has only resorted to a
measure thut has struck it fatal blow at
European commerce, and they are deter
niitted not to Mtpporl j(,
Rkcepton of tub Russian Minister by
the President. The Washington Union
of EOth February says: We are inform
ed that at noon on Saturday last Mr. Ed
ward de Stockl, who for a considerable pe
riod has been secretary of the legation,
and charge d'a flairs of his imperial mj
esty, the Emperor of Russia, in ttiis city,
had an official interview with the President
for the purpose of delivering his creden
tials, and was received in his new charac
ter as envoy extraordinary nnd minister
plenipotentiary of his sovereign to this
Government. He addressed the following
remarks to the President on the occasion :
"Mr. Phesidknt: It has pleased his
Imperial Majesty, my nugust master, to
confer upon me ihtf honor of represent
ing him as Envoy Extraordinary and Min
ister Plenipotentiary near the Government
of the United Stales. I am directed by
lie Emperor, upon the occasion of deliv
ering my credentials, to express to you
his Majesty's earnest wish that Ihe friend
ly relations which have so happily and un
interruptedly existed between the govern
ments and the people of ihe two countries
may continue to be preserved and strength
ened. The increased and increasing inter
course between the two countries, and the
additional facilities of trade nnd commerce
w hich it is plainly ihe interest of both to
cherish and promote, furnish, I trust, in
creased guaranties for an unbroken contin
uance and still Btronyer consolidation of
th'se relations of amity and good will.
As fur myself, personally, Mr. President, I
cannot allow this occasion to p:is without
the. acknowledgment of my profound sense
of the uniform kindness and consideration
which has been manifested towards mo by
the government and citizens nf this coun
try during my connection with, and while
1 have been in c'iare of, the imperial le
jralion here ; nnd I will not allow myself
to doubt lhat, in my now capacity my of
ficial and social relations will continue to
be of Ihe same gratifying end friendly
character.
To this the President replied in suitable
terms.
Narrow Escape or the Prrstaeat Uleet
from a V lolewl Dealk.
About the time Mr. Buchanan returned I
from his late visit lo Washington, we heard
whispers of a singular and mysterious na
ture, in regard to his illness and sudden
return limne. In prosecuting our inquiries,
we ascertained lhat Mr. Humes Porter, of:
this city, came home from Washington
with Mr. Buchanan, also stcK, ana as
obliged lo take to his bed, wheie he has
been ever since.
At Ihe same time we were satisfied of
the truth of the statements which we give
below, but as extraordinary efforts wsre
made here as well, at at Washington, U
keep the matter hushed up, we yielded lo
the solicitations of friends, and withheld
ihe facts in onr possession.
When Mr. Buchanan went to Washing
ton, he put up at the National House,
here J. G'ancy Jones, John L Dawson
,r! ntW men. itonoinff. It appears
'ibatt'a'.j hat-! has been terribly inf'ttel
with rats of lute, and one of the board
ers as tho story gos conceived iho idea
-
'"n'y. '' procured extra large doses of
arsenic, which he disposed of in the most
templing manner about the house. The
rata ata ihe poison. Ii is well know n that
when rats partake of arsenic they pul di
rectly for water. There is a large tank of
water in the upper part of iho hotel re
ferred lo, and into this the bust nf rats
plunged, drank, burstod and died. From
this tank lha house is supplied with
water for drinking and cooking purposes.
Twenty or thirty of the guests were
suddenly and sotno of thorn seriously af-
f.. .1. .1 !
than the others, nnd in n shott time re.
covered sufficiently to receive visitors
but tho fjtiguo incident to entertain two or
three hundred persons, mnda it absolutely
necessary for him to husband bis strength
by refusing to see any but his most iuti
mate personal friends n rule which was
rigidly observed up to the hour of his de
parture. Mr. Jones, of Ilorks, was mors severely
affected and hits been lying in a most crit
ical condition ever since and doubt
about his recovery has left his appointment
to a place in the Cabinet an open question
up to tho present lime. Among the oth
ers most severely effected was Hon. John
L. Dawson, end it was rumored this morn
ing that he has since died. Tho report,
however, needs confirmation. Mr. Porter,
of this city, was alono severely affected,
and though confined to his room ever since,
we believe be is out of danger. Lancas
ter Express.
Wonderful Juggling. We extract
the following from an article in the Cray
on, descriptivo of travels in British India.
Tho scene of the occurrence is laid in
Madras :
But tho most wonderful performance
that we saw this morning, was a feat of
pure juggling, of which I have never been
alio to find any solution. One of the men
came forward upon tho gravelled and hard
trodden avenue, lending with him a wo
man, lie made her kneel down, tied her
arms behind her, and blindfolded her eyes.
Then bringing a greotbag net mado with
open meshes of rope, he put it over the
woman, and laced uji the mouth, fastening
it with knotted intertwining curds in such
a way that it seemed an impossibility for
her to extricate herself from it. Tho man
then took a closely-woven wickct-baskct
that narrowed toward ihe top, lifted the
woman in the net from the ground, though
it was not without the exertion of some
force that he could crowd her through the
narrow mouth. Having sueceeded in get
ting her into Ihe basket, in which, from its
small size sho was necessarily in A most
cramped position, he put tho cover upon it,
and threw over it a wide strip of cotton
cloth, hiding it completely. In a moment,
placing his hand under the cloth, he drew
out his net quite untied and disentangled.
He then took a long, straight sharp sword,
muttering some words to himself while he
sprinkled the dust upon the cloth, and put
some upon his forehead, then pulling off
and threw aside ihe covering, und plung
ed the sword suddenly into the basket.
Prepared, ns in somo degree wo wero
for this, nnd knowing it was only n decep
tion, it was impossible to see it without a
cold creeping of horror. The quiet and
energy with which he repeated his strokes,
driving the sword through and through the
basket, while the other jugglers looked on,
apparently as much interested ss ourselves,
were very dramatic ond effective. Stop
ping after he had riddled the basket, he
agoin scattered dust upon its top, lifted the
lid, took up the basket from the ground ;
showed it to us empty, and threw it away.
At the same moment we saw the woman
approaching us from a clump of trees ata
distance of al least sixty feet.
Throughout the whole of this inexpli
cable feat, the old man and woman wero
quite removed from the rest of the party.
The basket stood by itself on the hard
earth, and so much beneath the verandah
on wj1ich we were sitting, that we could
eftsjtf tee all around it. By what trick
our watchful eyes were closed, or by what
meani tbe woman invisibly escaped, was
an entire mystery, and remains to be solv
ed. The fat is not a very uncommon
one, but no one who bat seen it ever gave
me a clue to the manner in which it was
performed.
A Trcly Bbave Man Nearly all
brave men have been of a finely-organized
and therefore nervous temperament. Ju
bus Ca-sar was nervous, so was Bonaparte,
in wu Nelson. The Duke of Wellington
. taw a man Urn pale u be marched op to a
; baiteir. "That," be said, "is a brave
; man; he knowi his danj-r, and fc it.'
Newscai'khs in tub Would. The X.
V. Times has an elaborate article in re
to the number Ac, of newspapers In the
world. The whole number of new spspers
published in the United States is 3,0.14.
Of these there aro published in Alabama
S3, Arkansas S3, California 67, Connect),
cut 42, Delaware 0, District of Columbia
l", Florida IP, Georgia I, Illinois 221,
Indiana 242, Indian Territory 1, Kansas 6,
Kentucky 193, Maino C", Maryland 05,!
Massachusetts 210, Michigan 178, No. I
broska 0, New Hampshire 43, New Jer
sey 77, New York 013, North Carolina 85,
Ohio 3S2, Oregon fi, lVmisylvsnia 410,
Rhodo Island 20, South Carolina OH, Tenn
essee 149, Utah J, Vermont 33, Virginia
137, Wtscon-in H8. The number in Mis
sissippi, Louisiana, Texas, Missouri find
Iowa is not stated. Probably since these
figuiet were made up, the number of news
papers in the Union has considerably in
creased, as journals are frequently being
started in nearly every section of the
country, iho north-west especially. Large
numbers die out ereiy year, but tho births
are in excess of the deaths. Them are
50 newspapers published in Canada, fi in
the Sandwich Inlands, and two in Nw
Brunswick. In England and Wales (here !
are 272 newspapers, in Scotland 00, in Ire
land 113, and in the British Isles and Jer
sey 17 tolul, 408. There are about 1,
000 papers published in Germany about
two-thirds of them mere advertising sheets.
In France, out of Paris, very little is
known of the statistics of journalism.
The wholo number of newspapers docs
not exceed G00. There are not more than
30 or 40 newspapers published in Spain.
In Italy, the number of new spapers is very
small ; Piedmont has 2. Constantinople
has 13 newspapers. In Russia, there are
about 100 newspapers, ond nearly as many
magazines.
Small Pox. Hall's Jouauat of Health
has the following :
From an extended and close observation
(he following general deductions seem to
be warranted.
1, Infant He vaccination Is an nlmo.-t
perfect safeguard, until the fourteenth
year.
2. At the begining of 14, the system
grndualy loses its capability of resistance,
until about 21, when mnny persons become
almost aa liable to small pox, as if they
had not been vaccinated.
3. This liability remains in full force
until about 42, when tho susceptibility be
gins to decline, nnd continues for seven
ycurs lo grow less and )esi becoming ex
tinct at about fifty, the period of life whan
tho general revolution of the body begins
to take plsoe, during which tho system
yields to decay, or takes a new lease of
life for two or three terms, of seven years
each,
4. Tho great practical uso to be msd
of these statements is : Let every youth
be re-vaccinated on entering 14. Let
several attempts be made, so as to be ccr
tain of safety. As the malady is more
liable lo prevail in cities during w inter,
special nttcntion is invited to tho subject
at that time.
Kansas. The Jefferson City correspon
dent of the St Louis Democrat learns from
the passengers from Kansas lhat "a seri
ous difficulty had arisen between Governor
Geary nnd Judge Sherrod, growing out of
the refusal of the former to appoint ihe
latter Sheriff1, as desired by the Lgisla
lure. Sherrod had avowed his intention
to kill tho Governor, and meeting him short
ly nfterwnrds in tho street spat in his face.
Geary did not rosont this, but his friends
got tip an.indignatinn meeting, which Sher
iff Jones, Judge Sherrod nnd others at
tempted to breuk up, when a conflict ensued
in which Sherrod shot Mr. Shepperd, one
of Gov. Geary's friends, four times, killing
him and wounding iwo others. Mr, Jones,
the Governor's secretary, then shot Sher
rod, the ball passing through his head and
killing him instantly. Very great excite
ment existed at Lecomplon, and a general
fight was anticipated lhat night. Gov.
Geary's residence was guarded by United
States troops. Mr. Sherrod or Sherrard is
the man who had been appointed by the
Court to fill the vacancy occasioned by
Sheriff Jones' resignation, and to whom
Gov. Geary refused to grant a commission,
on the ground of his 'habitual drunkenness.'
The Wostport correspondent of ibe Re
publican says that " Sherrod did not spit
in the Governor's face, but called him a
liar, coward and scoundrel.'
The Kansas Legislature has adjourned
Gov. Geary bas Vetoed the bill calling a
Convention to form a Constitution prepara
tory to admission into lbs Union.
Materia Medica. Credit is given cler
gymen in notices of marriages. Why
should not notices of deaths bo equally
civil with physicians I
Kr The vue of the import of coffee
is 910,000,000 annually, or one sevntb of
a'.l the imports of the wnotry.
Fatal Arraav. Daring th iinmani-o
pressure nt the President's leree on the
27th February, Col. Lee, a member of thr
Ci'y Council and a clerk i the lYuidor.
Otllee, seized a gMitlenian by tho collar,
ard charged him with picking his pocket.
The gentleman tbarged was Mr. Hume of
Alexnndiiu, a highly rpectulle merchant.
The next morning Mr, Hume, accompani
ed by Col. Jamas C. Walker, reading
clerk in the House of Ilepresentalives, pro
ceeded to thn Pemion Office to explain
nnd satisfy Col. Leo that he was mistake i.
in supposing him a pick-pocket. Lee,
however, was fixed in his opinion tlu.t
Hume hud Btli'inpled to str-sl his pocket
book, whereupon Hume strut k him w ith
a stick, ond in return was sVt dead by Lee
The whole uffiir transpired in a nioinei.t,
and before any one bad suppocd there
would be a serious Hilllcul'y.
Musiu in biiiooLs. At the recent
meeting of the Hoard of Education of
New York chy, William Culleii Bryant,
of ihe Now York' Evening Post, made a
capital speech on lha subject of " Music in
schools," from which we make the fol
lowing extract:
" In making n.ie a branch of com
mon education, we givs a new attraction
to our common schools. Musiu is not
merely a study ; ii is an entertainment ;
wherever there jx mnsie there is a crowd -of
listeners. We complain that our com
mon schools a ro not attended as they ought
to be. What is to bo done I Shall wc
compel the attendance of children t leath
er let us, if we can, so order things lha'
children shall attend voluntarily shall be
eager to crowd lo the schools ; and for ibis
purpose nothing can be more effectual, it
seems to me, than the ail lo which tho an
cients ascribed such power that, according
to the fables of their poets, it drew thn
very stones of the earth from their beds,
and piled them in a wall around the city
of Thibcs.
"It should be considered, moreover,
that music in schools is useful as an iticent
ive to study. After a weary hour of por
ing over books, with perhaps somo discour
agement on the part of the learner, if not
despair at iho hardness of his tusk, a song
puts him into a moro cheerful and hope
ful mood ; the play of ihe lungs fresher
tho circulation of tho blond; and ho sets
down again to his lak in better spirits ai d
(Pith an invigorated mind. Altno.t nli
occupations aro cheered nnd lightened by
inu-ic. I remember once being in a to
bacco manufactory in Virginia, where tho
work was performed by slaves, who en
livened their tasks with outbursts of psal
mody. " We encourage their singing."
said' one of tho proprietors, "they work
tho boiler for it." Sailors pull more vig
orously st the ropo for their "Yo heave
hoP I have heard ihe vine-dressers in
Tuscany, on tho hill side, responding to
each odior in songs with which tho whole
region resounded, and which turned their
hard day's work into pUHtims."
Artificial Fi:ei.. Tho English jour
nals speak in terms of warm commenda
tion of a now kind of fuel, the ingrod:
ents of which are siutplo coal dust nnc;
cosl tar pitch, in certain proportion';,
amalgamated by chemical means peculiar
to iho inventor. It is stated lhat 200 tons
of this fuel will perform the same work,
in generating steam, ns 300 tons of coa;,
such as is generally uaed ; it also producr i
but a very small proportion of clinkers, a 'id
is consequently less liable to choke nnd
destroy the furnace, bars and boiUrs thar.
coul; and the ignition Is so complute tin'
comparatively litlto smoke ntid only a
small quantity of ashes are produced by it.
Imports. The total imports of foreign
Iry foods al New York for 18.')0 were
903,ana,S!)3, of which 27,257,237 were
woollen manufactures, 8 17,020.S'.)3 cotton,
i.10,938,HC5 silk, $0,434,401 (lux, 87,
7,r)fl,0!(7 miscellaneous. The imports for
1850 worn $04,07 1,002 ; for 18."i4, 9B0,.
842,03(1; ieM,!)3,704,2ll; 18.VJ,8dl,
054,1 14 ; 1931, 802,840,731 j 1950,100,
100,373.
AniiiVALS at Nkw Yohk. The whole
number of vesssls thai arrived nt the port
of New York in 1830 was 3,800, bring
ing 150,281 passengers, bssides 11,02?
passengers from California. Of the whole
number of vessels 221 ware steamers, S
frigates, 770 ships, 803 barks, 1,230 brigs,
and 079 schooners; 2,702 wero American
vessels, 710 British, and 32 French.
Farm bus. oura are tho Irve sources
nf wealth; yours are the fountains from
whence flow th peaceful streams of con
tenlment and of real enjoyment; yours,
though a life of toil and industry, is a
life free from the thousand temptations
which surround tho indolent, Ihe vrcious.
and the votaries of plessiiro.
C4r Liulo more than one hundred years
ago, the quantity of iron made in th
Kingdom of Great Britain, was about,
twenty-five thousand tons, and atihe begin
ning of this century, one hundred and
seventy thousand tons. Fifteen yeara agr
this quantity had inoreased lo one and i.
half millions of tons, and at present tb'
production reaches, or exceeds, two an :
a half millions of tons.
frtT Man creates more discontent n
himself '.hsn b sectioned by o'ar