THE OREGON A KG US.
rutLimiKO avast uTimur muu.m.vi,
BY WILLIAM L. AD All 3.
Oflico-Good's Building, Main st.
rial Uuoiii in lirst story.
Edito
TERMS Tki A so us wilt Li furni.hr d at
jarta uouait ana rijlu fenli per milium,
to tin u It mlitmlirrtTliitt Du'.hut
lath It tluhtnf ten at ant ntlirt.
y Two Vullartfur ait maaihaSa lulncriiy
tium rtrtittd far a leu nrriod.
St" No jmpet ditronlmued unlit all arrearage!
art puia, unleu at tin upturn uj the palilulier.
1'ur Hit Artful.
Apple OrchanH thrlr Treatment.
Salem, Feb. 0, ldo7.
Mr. Editor Wo have some good lnr
ticullurist in Oregon. They (uke pain
with their orchnrds, and ihcy are rcuping
every year llio fiuils of their labor. Willi
tuch men there lias been fur I lie last few
years not only crop of a ppk-n, but a
most abundant croj) utso of lire mil soliJ
gold. Perlnp we may safely say lli.it
one hundred men in the Tcnitory Imvn
brought among us a larger a in hi tit of cash
than all ilia rest of our fanning cotnmu
liity. 1 do not know low ninny thousand
dollars worth or fruit has gone out i f the
Territory, . for I havo no Matitic, but
judging from ilia amount of apples sold by
she farmers of Marion county, and the
prices current, it cannot averngo much
less ibun n thousand Julian apiece. This
would make a hundre d thousand dollar fur
fruit lo tho large fruit grower. Now if
wo add lo this tho sum. received by the
owiiortof smaller orchards, and remember
that the receipts fir nil this fiuit in nut
merchandize, nut boots and shoes, nud
clothing, and groceries, liku a large share
of tho receipts fur flour nud pork, which
mostly guru iulo tho hands of our mer
vhanls, but char gold to be uil in circula
tion in llio country. I think nil will be
ready to admit that tho statement made
bovc is correct, viz : (hat more rash emu-
into tho Territoiy in this way than by ull
tho rest of our products. Our orchard!)
thcri'furo may bo properly called the cash
capital of tho Territory.
Now then, Mr. L'Mitor, it in well known
that while, large numbers of fruit trees uro
being yearly planted out fiuiu our large
nnd excellent nurseries, not ono treo in
lifiy thus planted is so cared for that it will
Boon bring returns to the owner for his ex
penso and trouble of planting. Many seem
to forget that euro is just as necessary
after llio tree is planted, ns it is lo plant
it well in the fust place. There uro scores
of orcharJs of from duo hundred to two
thousand trees each in this county which
are thus planted, and left with little or no
care. Tho weeds ure growing uruuud the
roo's of tho trves, nnd sucking uway what
little incisure and nourishment there Imp.
rlklis to be in the soil. The ground around
the trees is left unstirred by plow or hop,
most of our long dry summers, or, if
blirred nt all, urit uioro than once or twice.
The result of such management is just
what might be expected. Tho trees do
not grow ; they b xoino stinted, and worm,
eaten at the roots, and y nrs of toil cannot
recover them from their dying death, to
ward which they arc bttU'. red to descend
by theso ono or two years of neglect. Ma
ture is uniform in all her works. Let a
Coll, or calf, or even u pig, be starved and
stinted in their growth, nnd ihey never
will recover from it. Every man, every
creature, every tree and plant has a cer
tain degree of vitality in their constitu
tion. That vitality, or life or power of
existence, (whatever naino you give it,) is
always wasted by hardship, Give any
treo the proper conditions of its grow th,
give plenty of food, nnd of tho right kind,
and it will hold its vitality, ns much lon
ger, nud boas much more thrifty anil pro
ductive of fruit as any animal will be
better, in answering to its owner tho ends
of its being, when properly treated. The
way ninoteen-tvvctiticths of Oregon or
chards are treated, it w ill tako tho owners
about fjur times ns long ns it ought to
bring the trees to bearing good crops.
Trees in a healthy state, and kept growing,
will produce from thrco to five feet of
growth to the limb the first summer after
planting out. I havo apple trees in my
6;t,nrJ which g'ew that length last sum
mer, nnd I doubt not some of our must I
experienced fruit growers liave succeed::;! j
even better than that. Now then what
Manifest filly it is for a man to spend hun
dreds jf dollars in getting und planting
Sgoou trees, and then be three or four years
So reaching the same result w hich he might
reach in one year if the trees were prop
erly sared, for. Any farmer may take
yearling trees from our nurseries aud have
jjlcaty of fruit for his family, and some to
'sell, in three years from the time of set
ting out the trees, if he will pursue the
following plan ;
Let them prepare their ground we'd by
Jeep plowing. It should be plowed not
less than eight inches, and where the tree
is to stand should bo spaded twelve or fif
teen inches. Set out the tree so that the
collar of the root will come about even
with the top of the ground, and cover the
roots carefully with good 110 earth. This
is all that is necessary in setting out the
tree. Some of our horticulturists have
been experimenting upon placing the tree
almost entirely on top of the ground, and
raising a mound over the roots. With
what results I do not know. I would like
le bear fora some of them through The
Argus. Afier the trees are thus set out,
the neit aal all important thing to keep
A "Weekly Newspaper, devoted to tlte Principles of JeH'crsoniim Democracy, nnd advocating
Vol. If.
them in a growii g and healthy statu is, to
keep tho earth nil astir about the root.
Tho roots of nil trees in-ed air. They can
no inoru do without it than man can do
without his breath. This l as been proved
by elroil lo grow shndo trees in our Kust
ern cities, w hero llm roots must run under
the stono pavements. It was found thai
tho largest elms would (lio if llio roots
could not find vent holes through tho
pavement, where they could drink iu the
flesh air. This and other experiment go
lo show that not only the body and limbs
of trees cannot grow without air, but I hat
all part, even tho roots, must bo supplied
wttli ;t. Many of the gases which Moat in
tho air ere tho natural food of plants;
henco the oftenuryoii stir the ground about
tho roots of a tree, tho oftener you (lis.
Ix'gi the old uir from it, which has, as it
w.to, been breathed over by the loots, and
supply it with fre!i nir, and a new ele
ment of giowth. A littlu manure, (a half
hu-hel or so,) put around each treo iu the
fall would do much good, but I am conti-
deiit that in our rich valley lands it is not
so much tho manure that is wanted lo
make trees prow, ns it is weekly fresh air
lug or hoed in about the roots. Let a
nt'in follow theso rules, nnd keep a good
fence about his orchard so that cattle shall
not break In and destroy his trees, and I
may sufi ly giv him the assurance that in
three short years hi) and bis family may
sit under their own trees, nnd cat golden
fruit, with notio to molest or make afraid.
Instead of rating dimes and quarters ns
they have to now when they ta.-to apples,
they may eat ll.o real apple, ten times
sweeter for having been raised with their
own hun I. v.
Picture of Napoleon the Uvel.
Tho personal appearance of Na oleon
iu the last days of his power is ihus de
scribed by Lainiutiiie:
" Tho empire had made him old before
his lime, lii, -aided ambition, sa'iatid
pride, tho ikliglitt of a palace, a luxurious
table, a voluptuous couch, a youthful wife,
ompluisnnt mistresses, long vigils, sleep
iest nights, divided between labor and fes
tive pleasure, the habit of coiisian: riding
w hich made him corpulent, all tended to
deaden his limbs and enervate his faculties
An early obesity ovetloadoJ him witfi
fl ah. His cl.oeks, firnieily streaked with
musch'S, and hollowed by the wniking of
genius, were broad, full, Mid overhanging,
like those, of Otho in the Ilo-nnn medals of
tho empire. An excess of I i!e mingling
wi:h tho blood gave a yellow tint to tho
skin, which, nt n distance, looked like n
varnish of pale gold on hi countenance.
His lips slill preserved their Grecian out
line und steady grace, passing easily f.om
a smilo to a menace. Mis solid, bony chin
formed an appropriate base for his features.
His nose wan hut a line, thin and t'nns.
i.irenl. Tho paleness of his cheeks gave
greater brilliancy to the blue of his eyes ;
his look was searching, unsteady us a wa
vering fl lino an emblem of inquietude.
His forehead seemed to have widened, from
ho scantiness of his thin black hair, w hich
was falling from the moisture of continual
thought.
" It might he said that Lis head, natu
rally small, had increased in sizo to give
itmplo scope between his temples for the
machinery and combination of a mind ev
ery thought cf which was an empire. The
map of the world seemed to have bjeu en-
crusted on the orb of that reflective head.
Hut it was beginning to yield; aud he in
clined it often on his breast, while crossing
his arms like Fredrick the Great ai nt
titij le nud gesture which ho appeared to
aTcct. Unable any longer to seduce his
courtiers aud his soldiers by tho charm of
youth, it was evident ho w ished to fascinate
them by the rough, pensive, and disduinful
charucterof himself of his model, in his
latter days. He moulded himself, as it
were, into tho statue of Reflection, before
his troops, who gave him the nicknamo of
Father Thoughtful ; he assumed tho pose
of Destiny. Something rough, rude, and
savago in his movements revealed his
southern and insular origin. Tho mart of
the Muditerrau:n broke out constantly
through the Frenchman, His nature, too
great and powerful (or tho part lie had to
play, overflowed on all occa.-ious. lie bore
no resemblance to any of the men around
him. Superior aud altogether diflcrrnt,
he was an oflspring of the un, of the sea,
and of tho but jefield out of his element
even in bis own palace, and a stranger even
in his own empire. Such was at this period
the profile, the bust, and the external phys
iognomy c-f Napoleon."
05" A rather magniliurutly proportioned
illustration of the credit system, can be
found in the condition of the Richmond
Enquirer, when after fifty years of publi
cation, its proprietor removed to Washing
ton hi books showed over 9200,000 due;er)Ceji ,ml tl,e Commodore rcturnej t)
from living ''patrons." The amount of, Whampoa.quilesick from the excitement,
total loss was net given, but was estimated ' I4 is too old man to go to sea, and on
j at ?S00,0CJ mors.
OREGON CITY, O.T.,
The Oral oC I'atUrr Mathew.
Father Maihc-W', the icnowued Apostle
of Teiiipciance, died at Cuikoii the Dili of'
December. Jlis career has been muni k-
"'t h'e inflin ncn among his country.
! men in Great Britain and America will
i '"" J "O felt. Theobald Muthetv was born
in I liotnastown, Ireland, Oct. 10, 1700.
Ho was left nn orphan at an early age, ad
opted by an aunt, and educated iu Kilkeu
ny Acaileuiv unit at M.ivnooih. Mo was
orduiiicd to the priesthood lit Dublin, hav
int; previously entered upon his philan
thropic labors among tho poor. Tho uurso
of whiskey, brought so fearfully to his
noiico among these wretched people, rous
ed him to unwonted enthusiasm, nud ho
determined upon a crusade against tho de
mon Alcohol. Adopting tho principle of
total abstinence, he comm. -need a series of
meetings, ami soon awakened the latent en-
:huiasin of tho liih naturo lo his assist
ance, inci ting with success beyond the
wildest hopes. Slu (ravelled from town to
town through all the island.
His spotless famo preceded bini, and his
progress was one triumphal march. The
authorities unbent their dignity to do him
honor, and the people followed and crowd
ed around him with adoration. Ha ad
uiiuisicred the pledge to thousands nt a
time; at Calway a hundred thousand iu
two days ; between Calway and Lough
rea tu nearly two hundred thousand.
From Ireland bo went lo England, whore
( veil tho phlegmatic Saxons were infect
ed wiili a corresponding enthusiasm.
Thence he came to tho United States,
where to shake hands with the Apostle of
Tvuiperaiico and receive his medal with a
pledge ef lotul abstinence was tho highest
ambition of every worthy son and daughter
of tho Emerald Isle. His warm reception
and gratifying success in this country are
iA remembered. Through all this Her
culean labor ho never amassed a cent for
himself, but was constantly in a state of
personal poverty.
When he began his good w ork his broth
er was the proprietor of a large distillery,
lie supported Theobald until his wondei
ful success had ruined the distillery, and
reduced tho owner to bankruptcy. To
meet the wants of the good Samaritan, the
Ijiil:s'i Government srllled an annuity of
:t!)0 upon him, which sum was not suf
ficient lo pay the j reiuiuin upon an insur
ance policy held by his creditors as secu
rity for their claims. Since his return to
Ireland, the weight of years and the
excrth ns of long lubor have compelled his
pirtial withdrawal from public life. Iu
pTsonu! address Father MtithevV was
courteous, benevolent and winning in the
highest degree. Tho news of his death
will bo received with profound regret by
every true friend of man throughout tho
World.
More about llic Chinese IHnUOUy.
The San Fiulicisco Chronicle publishes
a series of letters, written in a familiar
style, and not intended for publication, by
a clerk iu a commercial house in Canton,
o his friend in San Francisco. Tho fol
lowing possesses much interest :
Canton, Nov. 22, 1850.
My Dear Charlie I expected ihcilary
vVhilridge would snil about the 1st inst.,
but she has been detained on account of
the troubles here, till the present lime.
Since my last,(Nov. 5) the Hritish havo not
done much, and I hear they are waiting for
reinforcements. Last Saturday aferuoon
the United Stales ship Fort-mouth's bout
was coming up the river, when sho was
fired at five times from the barrier forts,
w hich were taken by the Di ilish about the
1st iust., guns spiked and abandoned, and
now strongly reiuannod and strengthened
by tho Chinese. Capt. Foote, (of the
Portsmouth,) Mr. Sturgis, and a missionary
were on I oard, and it is a wonder that some
one was not hit. Tho Chinese paid no
respect lo the flag, and fired after the boat
was turned. On their return to Wham
poa, Commodore Armstrong, in the United
Slates steamship San Jacinto, J:0,atched a
small river steumcr to Canton. She ar.
r'.ved about 8 a. m., Sunday mornin". In
forty-five minutes af'er her arrival, sixty
men and two field pieces wero embuked
(about half the American force here) and
on their way to the ships. At 3 o'clack
tho same day we heard a rapid firing, and
on coing lo the housetop, beheld the Ports
mouth giving the four forts a battering
with her eight inch shell guns. The Uni
ted Sla'es ship Levant got aground coming
up. The forls are about six miles from
the ship's anchorage at Whampoa, and
fired first, long before the Portsmouth ar
rived within gunshot. I tell you what!
the Portsmouth did well ! And uch quick
work astonMies the English officers here,
and they acknowledge it. Dut this fine
beginning ws spoiled, as I will presently
show you. By dark all the forts were si
l" presect octas:on wanten cietermina-
FEBRUARY 21, 1857.
lion. Dr. Peter Pinker, nn old fogy, our
.Minister hero from the United States, nr.
riveil from Macao that evening, and ad
vUcd tho Cmnmodorn not to laud his forces
utl tip following morning, but to Betid l
I letter to tho Chinese Government. Un
i fortunately the Commodore look his advice,
and after waiting Iweniy-four hours for an
answer, changed his mind, on Captain
l-'oote's informing him that tho delay was
tho worse thing they could do, the ships
were being hemmed in the Chinese wre
strengthening the fort, and appeared lo be
hostile again. Then I'ckr l'atker, who
by the by is a much disliked amonu Un
American, as Sir John Uowring, Gover
nor nf Hongkong, is by the English, saw
his mistake, nnd on dil, tried lo push the
wholo blame on to the pour old Commo
dore's slmul lers.
Yesterday the bombardment was re
newed, and a heavy firing was kept Up for
four hours by tho Portsmouth aud Levant,
the forts were silenced, and one of them
stormed and carried. The Chinese soldiers
all ran as soon as a sailor's head appeared
over the walls. To day the firing was re
newed, and lasted about one hour. We
hear the loss of the Americans is almost
nothing some four or five men in all.
Tho United Stales ship Portsmouth had
her rigging much cut, which shows the
univrsul mistake the Chinese make, viz. :
firing too high, only a few shots took of-
feet, ono striking her in tho stern, knock
ing the cabin into a cocked hat. This wa
done before sho could recover her position,
the spring on her cable huviog parted.
Two other bad shots in her hull, was all
sho received of any consequence.
Canton is nearly deserted by Americans,
as well as English, and il is pretty genc-r
ally thought that the siege will lust some
mouths, even if an open declaration of war
is not given. Tho Hritish have boomed
the river as a protection against fire-rafts
nnd are building a powder magazine in the
I'ark. I hope to go to Hongkong in a few
days, nnd shall bo right glad lo get away
from this placo. Our house is moved there,
but as one of the concern stays by the
place, soino one is wanted here to look
after lhinrs.
We live "from hand to mouth'1 and are
obliged to pull our own boats tothe steam
ers for provisions. I shall writo you by
the next vessel, the clipper ship Hurricane,
lo sail January 1st, and let you know how
affairs stand. So for llio present ndicu.
Ever your fiiend, II.
The Arctic 13ark Resolute. A
Liverpool correspondent of tho Journal of
Commerce, in giving nn account of the
ceremonies attendant on the proseiitnn'on
of this vessel to tho Queen of England,
Says :
You may res! assured that I he arrival of
this vessel, and this singularly eracious
visit of the Queen, will be productive of
tne most betielicml results.
Such a compliment has never before
been paid lo any country, und I am con
vinced that it will give as much pleasure
and satisfaction lo the people of England,
as it will lo Americans. There is the ut
most enthusiasm everywhere, and one hears
on all sides nothing bul expressions of
hourly goud will and friendship, towards
America.
dy- ftev. D auicl Waldo, who was re
elected Chaplain of the House of Repre
sentatives, is in his 05th year. He is a
graduate of Yale, and was the room-mate
of Hon. Jeremiah Mason, was a Chaplain
of the Revolutionary Army, suffered im
prisonment in the Sugar House, on account
of which ho draws a pension from the
Government, lie is now tho oldest living
graduate of Yale, Deforo his election as
Chaplain, ho was tho pastor of the Con
gregationalist Church at Manliu, N. Y.i
over which he presided f r seventy years.
Equalization of Congressional
Mileage. Mr. Kelsey, a member of tlie
House Mileage Committee, is preparing a
bill to equalize ruilge, which now ran-'es
! fr"S seventeen dollars, (RWie, of Mary.
and,) to five thousand, nine hundred and
sixty dollars (Delegates from Washington
and Oregon,) a session. He proposes
that the present rates bo continued up to
two hundred and fifty or five hundred
miles, and all above this to be reduced lo
ten, instead of forty cent a mile ; also a
deduction of 92b or $30 per diem for
voluntary absence from Congress.
03" The Da'las treaty, is in substance
an agreement by l he Governments of the
United Stales and Great Britain to use
their good offices to procure a settlement of
the boundary lino between Nicaragua and
Costa Rica ; the erection of Greylown in
to a free city, as first suggested, Ly Mr.
Webster, or Mr. Everett, when Secretary
of the State; the extinction of the Mos
quito Indian title, and the settlement of ihe
Bay Island controversy, by the erection of
said island into a free territory, under tho
sovereignty of Honduras.
KT Proerity i a blessing to the (food,
but i curse totheevi).
the side of Truth iu every issue.-
No. 45,
A New Calculating Maciiixb The
French Moniteur gives Some interesting
particular of a new calculating machine
from which we extract thn following pass,
ages : '' M. Thomas,- of Colntar, has late.
ly ma le the finishing improvements in the
calculating machine, called the nrithmom
eter, at which lie ha been working for
upwards of thirty years. Pascal and Le.
ihnilxi in tho seventeenth century, and
Diderot nt a later period, endeavored to
construct a machine, which might serve a
a substitute for human intelligence in the
combination of figures ; but their rlfoits
tailed. M. Thomas's arithmometer may
bo used without tho least trouble or possi
bility of an error, not only for addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and division,
but also for much moro complex operations,
tuch fls the extraction of the square root,
involution, tho reslu;inn of triangles, Ac.
A multiplication of right figures by cigln
others is made in eii'hleen seconds; a n'i-
vision of sixteen figures by eight flours,
in twenty-four seconds ; and in ono iniu.
ute and a quarter, one can extract the
square root of sixteen figures, and also
prove the accuracy of the calculation.
The arithmometer adapts itsulf to every
sort of combination. As an instance ol
the wonderful extent of its powers, we
may stato that it can furnish in a few sec-
owls products amounting to 000,009,000,
01)0,000,000,000,000,000,900. A mar.
vollous number, comparable In the infinite
multitude of stars which stud the firm.-u
meat, or the particles of dust which
float in tho aininsphero. The winking ol
the instrument is, however, most simple.
To raise or lower a nulscre'w, to turn .a
winch a few limes, and, by means of a
button, to slide, oil' a metal plate from
lofi to right, or from right to h ft, is the
wholo seciet. Instead of simply repro
ducing the operations of man's intelligence,
the nrtihnioiiif tcr relieve that intelligent e
from tho necessity of making llio opota
lions. Instead of repoaling responses die
tntedtnit, this instrument instantaneously
dictates the proper nnswer to tho man who
asks it a question. It is not matter pro
ducing material effects, but matter which
thinks, reflects, reasons, and executes all
tho most dillicull and complicated arith
metical operations with a rapidity and in
fallibility which d lies all the calculators
in tho world. The ariihtll imeter Is, more
over, a simple instrument of very little
volume and easily pnitublo. It is aire uly
used in many great financial establish
ments, where considerable economy is re
alized by its employment. It will soon be
considered as indispensable, and bo gener
ally used as a clock, which was foinu-rly
only to be seen in palaces, nnd is now iu
every cottage." London Alhcnccvni.
Kansas to be a I'reo Mlatv.
We have just had a convolution !t,
genlleman who returned moor three dnys
since from Kansas, and vvho confirms, in
the most satisfactory and explicit manner,
tho viuvv which wo have already taken of
things in the territory. Tho great buttle
hot ween freedom und slavery in Kansns
may bo said to have been fought and the
agents of the slaveholders havo been de
feated. The froe state sei tiers compared
with the opponents are ten to one, nnd bo
tween thoso who nro actual residents, a
friendly at it demanding has sprung up. In
tho first dnys of the laud sales they all
went to the land auctions armed to the
teeth ; in a short limn they found (hat this
precaution was not neuessary, and wisely
laid their weapons aside. The pro slave
ry and free-statn settlers showed no dispo
sition to interfere w ith each other's claims ;
on tho contrary, they did their best t')
cause them to ho respectedi ,t)J the mani
fest desire to d; cac oilier justice b g it n
mutu"' good will. The free Mnto and pro-
slavery settlers bought lands side by sido,
with tho understanding that they wero lo
behave to each other as good neighbors.
The preponderance of the free state pop
ulation is so great in Kansas, that those
who favored the introduction of slavery
have given up Ihe contest.
Bul with regard lo those who were the
leadnrs in the outrage committed on the
rights of the freo state settler, the case is
different. They find themselves marked,
detected, shunned, and some of them are
suspicious that they are not safe in the
territory. Sheriff Jones, who distinguish
ed himself as the leader in several of these
outrage, ha evacuated the t -iritory', an
lives at Westport, in Missouri, four miles
east of Kanas City. Atchison, who pro
claimed himself a settler a few mmihs
since, finds Weston in Missouri a morn de
sirable place of residence ihn any pari of
Kansas. Me is probably wailing for the
arrival ef the men whom ha enl to Whit
field to recruit in Mississippi and Louisiana.
The late marshal of the territory, a tjoto.
rioiis confederate of the invaders, was late
ly at Lawrence, where he wa encounter-
ed by one of the free state settlers, who
colly said to Lim, " While you are here in
ADVKUTIMNIJ UATKH.
One square (li lines or lets) onu inxMiinn, (,1,nu
" " two iiiwrtiniM, 4, l()
" " three Insertions, fi.tiU
Knelt nilweqiienl Insertion, ,ii(J
Itcaumub'a deductions to tliis who adv-uriisa by
llit year.
JOB I'UINTINO.
Tut raorsiKTOit ur nil AliGI'S 11 lurrr
to inful lll llio pub ic lliut lie has just received a
large stork ol .101! TVl'K and o.l.cr m w .rint
in; man nil, nml will he in tli j only rricpt nf
tcj.l li.au sui.id tori! I he nquin-mrnts of tin lo
enlily. flAMMUM-H, PCHs'I KI!S, Itl.ANKH,
CAiiiw, ni:i:ri.AHs, l'AMriii.M'.woitK
nml n.lier kin Is. ilonc to order, ou short nut'ee.
MBMMIMIIHanMMHM
Lurt'cnce aui' n,' my fiiends you are
( ife ; but if we i er meet alone, nun of
us is a (h ad mm." Since that lima it M
siid (hat Maishtil Dolial lson keeps him.
self at L'-nv en" oi tli, avoiding the road
Ira, ling (o I.aAteiice, and it is thought that
when his successor iu oflico arrives, he w ill
1 live the terrilofv.
Governor Geary, who at first rectived
his impression of tho state of tho country
from Mich men as Lecnniptn and Titus,-
has begun to obsorvn for himself and lii
form his own conclusion. (Io bus de
clared his intention lo govern llio territory
impartially, to keep himselfaloof fioul thn
iuflueree of any party, aud lo protect all
peaceable citizens in the enjoyment of their
rights. The people of K.in-as ara w illing
to give him their confidence, and tho man
ner in which helms lately exercised his
ullicial power, indicates thai ho deserve
it. He bus the good sense, to see that I ho
prosperity of the leniiory depends upon
thesceurity of p -isonnl rights, and knows
that his own reputation is concerned iu
governing well.
Wo believe that we may assure thoso
whn think nf emigrating lo Kansas, that
Ihe way i now as clear to that territory
as to Nebraska, and the rights of settlers
as safe there as in tha more northern ter
ritory. Tho men who wersaent from the
slave states lo serve as soldiers of slavery
for two years, have, for the most parti
Kouo back ; at all events they have dis
appeared. Atchison hovers yet on the bor
ic rs of the teiriloryj but would not cars
to enter it again, Without a horde of arm
ed Missourians al his back, and this lie
will be prevented from doing by Governor
G ary. The country is now likely to fill
rapidly with colonists from the Atlauiid
st it' s, and to bee 'tno ono of the most pros
perous of onr territories. Tho troubles by
widt h lis early settlers have suffered have
attracted attention to it in a degree to
which we do net recollect a parallel, and
now thai they are sure to be protected iu
their rights, the lido of emigration will set
stroiglj in that direction. y. Y, Eve
ning Poai.
Tut! Cherokee Nation. Tho Annual
Message of John Ross, President of the
Cherokeo Nation, represents tho condition
of thn Nation as prosperous. The l'rcsi.
dent recommends the adoption of measures
fir paying this national debt and for in
creasing the School fund, and suggests as a
means the retrocession of the neutral lands;
lie deilan t that the institution of Slavery
is recognized by lawj aud ogitaliou is un
warrantable Gen. 1'a(Hi:nham. Wo copy the fol
lowing from tho New Oilcans Picayune of
the 11th Dec. :
" Wn were yesterday credibly informed;
by a g"iith man who lives near tho spot,
li, at in September Inst, tho well known po
can tree, under which the remains of Gen.
I'ackenhain vveie buried, a few miles below
this city, was broken off, thirty feet abovd
ground, by a gale of wind, nud a cannon
kill, lirod'lVoti'i the Hritish lines during tha
b il'h', was found imbedded just where the
trunk broke olf. Thus il was that the
brave liriion slept under ono of his own
missiles as his own monument."
A Southern View of tiik F.xtrnsion
Of bl.AVKKY. I lie INUsllVlilO iionti.)
Banner says !
" Tha extension of slavery is of no such
vital importance to tho Souili at present,
nor can it be lor generation to tome, it
ever. It; in the Course ol time, ol ccniu.
lie, il should become a matter of vital im
portance, of inexorable necessity, af lifej
and death to tho Soiitli,il will be, rll'ected ill
the Union, if the Union lasts so long- I'ut
if it could not, it would then be time
enough lo insist Upon extension, even if a
tsmption of the Union should bo the con
sequence,
Progress. Hefon; the year 1900 thero
was not a singlo sicnmboal in existence,
and the application of steam to machine
ry was unknown. Now there nro U000
steamboat) traversing tho waters of Ameri
ca, ami the lime saved in travel is equal
to 70 per cent.
In 1300 ihero was not a single railroad
in thf world. In tho United S:ates there
are now B707 miles nf railroad, costing
620,000,000 to build, and about 22,000
miles of railroad in England nnd Ameriea.
The locomotive will now travel in ns many
hours a di-tanee which required in 1800
hs niunv 'lav to accomplish.
In Hi)') it lu di weiks to convey intclli
g nee betweru Philadelphia and New Or
leans J now it can bo accomplished in
minute by the electric t''h graph, which
only had it beginning in 1813.
jf-"The transit of Venus will laki)
pine in 1801, when the planet will pass
ilirecily between tho rartli and the sun,
during lb" day, and the darkness caused
by it will mike light necessary in iho
house. Toe transit only occuios once in
a century, and on the last occasions the
B'i'isli Government fitted out an expedi
tion to th South Pdcific Ocean for the
purpose of observing it fioin several points
! simultaneously, for astronou.ical purpenev