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About The Oregon Argus. (Oregon City [Or.]) 1855-1863 | View Entire Issue (May 31, 1856)
ADVEItTIKINfl HATES. " One square (U lines or km) out iiiwun, .1(IM N l insertW.n, ifiO ' " u oltit iiisrniuiis, iflfl Kach eulsnfiusnt Insertion, I.Off nauauuabte deductions lo thus who advertise by the yi-r. - ' - urn tt Ufhce-Oood s Building, M.iin st. Edilo rial Koom in first story. Fob Printing. TERMS Tt A love trill bt furaUhi al Ths ranrsiSToa ur Tiia AllOl'S rs ntrrt In inform ths jjiiIiIIo that he has Just rsteivsd a ' large stock of JOU TYl'IC aud othrr nrw print' Ing inatrriul, nnd will be iu ths Sed j receipt (if additions iuI'kI to sll the nonimmune of this lo cality. JIANDIIIUA 1UbTKI!H, HI.ANK8, CAKD8, CIIICULAKH, I'AMHILKT-WUllK, , fcwif u 9 IJljf CMS "NT 4111111 fintff tuhirribrrtTkret Vo'.Urt '' ' fs eluktef ten al ant arte: A Weekly NewHjwpcr, devoted to tho Principles of Jeircrsoniun Democracy, and advocating the fide of Truth in every issue. ITT Two pulton or tit amsffts A'a tabterip- Hunt rtctirtifor a I tit rrriiid. JIT " paper duconlmutd until all arrtarag an paid, ualntt at tkt eptiea On publitktr. Vol. II. OREGON CITY, O.T., MAY 31, 1856. No. 7. and other liuds, dune lo order, on short notice. ' ' THE OREGON ARGUS, , ruausiino svsar n'm Mussina, j BY WILLIAM L. ADAMS. m For the At rut, ''An old bachelor recently ekwl us, with i treat desl of apparent soUituds, 'What Iim becowof V IOU T "A rgiuo April Vila. When is Viola V that's Uia question, is lit Some lonely old bachelor would lik lo kuow Perhaps he'd better pay her a short visit ' Or does ha frnr she'd lake birn far a beaut If tbal'a Iba trouble, tell bun not lo fuller, . Toe time bee passed when thai ouuld bo the caao( Viols' neck now wean the inarriaa halter, And niatronlika and serious is her face. ))ut if be can't afford to call aud sea her, I'll try to toll him sstnuthln; of her home , think my story will be apt lo hve her From all such questionings iu lims to come. Hut flrat, though not to raise In song a rival, A I'ltlo qiK-etion let me aik, I prsy i nut this bachelor i hits arriral, Kot yet iuitiuted iu our ways? Nviiul S ak what has become of young lady ! Feep Iu that cabin, small, yil full of cares, You'll find her there eo busy with I lie baby, She has little time to tell you how alia fares. But hark ! that noise pray, what can be Ilia mat tort Yes, ctn wlfle I writo, I hear a wail The baby atid (lis cat, they raits a clatter Uuder the atuvo he's pulling at her tail. There, hush my boy j I wish you had your papa . Von t pull my dries so do let mamma write J Such conduct, dear, in you, is quite improper; ' Here, sea the chickens what a pretty sight ! Veil, now he's still, these liues I might to finish : , I thought dtacriplion of my home to give, . And tell its beauties, but till cares diminish t 1 have so much to do I scarce can live. But If you wish to hear from me quits often, I'll seek among the scribbling of my youth, Select the gems, the roughed edges soften The test I now can do for you, In truth. And if Inclined to pity my condition, i I do assure you I am well supplied, Nor would exchange with high born wealth poai ion,. For fear that Lore aud Fritndt would be denied. Iris llill, May 7th. Viol. Temperance at the llatloi-tlox. ' Editor of the Argus )eah Sir : Th principle of a prohibitory liquor law is vyain to cotno before the peoplo. A fair nnd open convention of its friends has boon iild, and thoy have resolved (but this quos lion shall not be laid aside. They have tried all honorable means and tbey will try no oilier lo have one er both of the political parlies adopt it as an issue in tbe election. But party lenders, parly cau cuses, and party conventions, have invari ably not only refused to entertain tlio ques. lion, but have opposed it, denounced its friends ns funatics, and endeavored to prej udice the ignorant by calling it an "ism," "dangerous lo Hie liberties of the Union" ''a union of Church and Stnte" "an op pression" a "tyrannical wresting away of oar personal liberties," and all such non sense, that will have an effect amid the ex citements of passion at an election. AVe have resorted to petition ; we Lave humbly addressed the Legislature, asking them to abate this great social evil ; , we have portrayed the loss of health, of property, and of character, of which the liquor traflic is -the cause and means ; we have shown the oppressive taxes which li quor sellers impose upon the community by destroying productive labor, and by redu cing so many citiaens to poverty and crime, and their families to absolute want. Even wives and daughters have petitioned our ( Legislature to save them from the disgrace and ruin which this one traffic alone brings , upon them, parents have again and again besought our lawmakers to tako away the temptations which this traflic holds out to their children. The last words of the dy ing Lave been a prayer that tlio people would remove this curse, and save those "who are ready to perish." The tears and agonies of suffering wives whose condition suppressed their words have been plead ing every year before our courts, our Legis latures, and our self-governing and self protecting people, to save their husbands from the druni.rd's ruin and the drunk. ard's gravel And what has been the re--ply to all these petitions and all these tears f Cold neglect by some ; others have insulted the petioners by advocating the traffio and openly visiting the saloons ; oth ers have added injury to insult by tramp ling their petitions tinder foot, and de nouncing them as hot-headed fanatics , yes, sir, denouncing mothers and children,, who have been made poor by this traffic, s fanatics for asking relief and asking it at the hands of the people's representa , tivcsl 'With what base ribaldry were - these petitions assailed last winter in the , Legislature, and then thrown under the . tablet And what hope is there of better treat . nient in time to come f Probably the pe . titioners will never again submit themselves to the jeers of legislators. The friends of temperanco know their rights, and they know how to secure them. They know the duty of mutual protection which our . social compact requires. Tbey also know the sacrifices which even the rumseller must make for the common weal. And - they expect that he will snake those sacri fices, rather than forfeit the privilege of titiienship. They expect that he will qui tt'y yield at the command of the people- Cringing sycophants' incro ofllce.seokor may court aud flatter him Dow, but when tho demand is made upon him by the piso. pie who are his protectors ho will not hesitate what course to lake; he will obey the law. It Is our purpose to call the at teution of the whole people to this subject w mean to arouse them lo make this do msnd ; we mean to exhibit the wrings and sufferings which a small class of favored monopolists aro inflicting upon a Isrje class of their neighbors in every conimuui ty. And when they see tho facts and tho remedy, we expect that they will demand in a voice and manner not to be mistaken that liquor salouus bo abated as a publi nuisance. Hut some, who aro with us in principle, object thnt a Temperance part? is not needed to secure Iho objects of Temperance iiion. Wo reply that no cause ever has succeeded without tried and pledged friends, hven the Gopel, with alt its army of tro meiidotis motives, must have zcaluus and able ministers. Much more ought an in cidrnlal enterprise like the cause of Tom pcrance to liavu aula advocates in our Lr-gibluturcs, and especially since it is so bitterly opposed and so much muligucd. Wo reply again that the exclusivcnessof the other parlies compels the organization of a Temperanco parly, or else compels us to be utterly silent on this subject. ' If we will not bo at rest, and we cannot while we see our best citizens sacrificed loth Moloch of Intemperance then wo mutt speak out and wo must vote fur the men only who dare to speak and act on this question. Moreover, we fed the insult, which ma jorilies pleaso to hurl at us, too keenly, ti submit to tlioir dictation, even in matters of opinion, and much less in matters of couscieuce. Yours truly. A. Oregon Temperance sseclatloa. Salem, May 17, 1958. Mr.Editor of the Argus Dear Sir: The Oregon Temperance Association met at this place last Tuosday morning. We have never seen the friends .of temperanco in r . .... ... urrgon so earnest ana so united in seeking tho same object in the ame troy, as they were at the anniversary just past. All seemed to fuel that the time had come when he lovers of temperance and good order in Oregon should lay aside party feeling, and instead of pulling at opposite ends of the rope, all pull tbe same way and at the same end. The forenoon was principally taken up in preparation tho appointment of commiiters, ifco. for expediting the business which should come before the mooting in the afternoon. The afternoon was entirely used up in tho animated discussions which followed the reading of the following resolutions, except a few minutes occupied in the ap pointment of the officers of the society for the ensuing year, viz : 1st. That the great extension of the pro hibitory principle, and its embodiment in aw, under various forms, by twelve States, instead of the license system, is cause of congratulation, and as the power is with the peoplo, it is confidently believed that prohibition will become the law of the va- ious States of the American Union. This resolution was adopted unanimous- 2d. That the practice of licensing the ale ef spirituous liquors, as a beverage, by law, is a Wrong committed upon society, which has a direct tendency to corrupt and degrade its morals. Adopted. 3d. That in order to secure the exter mination of intomperance in Oregon, pro hibition, in addition to moral suasion, is imperatively demanded. Adopted. 4th. That temperance men cannot, con- sislently with their principles, bestow their suffrages upon men not pledged to prohibi tion. Adopted 15 to o. Now, sir, I do hope every reader of The Argus will read these resolutions over a half dozen times. I believe the principles, and course of action embodied in them, are worthy of the six hours' thought which the thirty or forty men gavo to them in their late meeting at Salem ; ond I further be lieve, that had all those wlA pray for the extermination of rum, been present, and heard the discussion, heard the reasons for and against the several changes which took place in these resolutions, until they were brought to their present form, there would hardly be a dissenting voice when we come to bring these principles to the polls. In the evening we had a treat from S. Q. Thornton and Rev. Mr. Smith. The first gentleman delivered a logical lecture, defi ning the position of the Association, and defending it most conclusively, viz: Total abstinence from all spirituous liquors as a beverage, to be secured by moral and Uyal suasion. Mr. Smith's lecture was perti nent, showing tbe rightfulness and expedi ency of prohibitory laws. Taking tbe meeting all through, we had a good time of it. I think all present felt abundantly re warded for their time and trouble of going to and from the place of meeting. O. DicriNSO. Jow, Mr. Editor, I may say lo youpri- rattjy tiat I bavo Ukea this forsi tJ pre sent an abstract of the doings of tho tem perance convention, instead of the usual way of just giving a purl of the minutes, which lo the popular oyo is a very unread, able thing. As tho secretary of the Socie ty, 1 was directed lo furuish an abstract of tho minutes. Tho officers of tho Society nro J. Q. Tiiohnton, Prcs'lj D. Haui.f.y, Vice Pres't ; O. Dicki.nson, Sec'y ; Kev. G. U. Atkinson, iiio.mas i oi'k, ii. IIinbs, I). . Ulain, Alex. Caui-dell, Ex. Cum. The Boinbardutkl ef V'orl Mootlrlc ST RICHARD EVERETT. As there was no national flag at the time I was desired by the Council of Safety lo have one made, upon which, as tho State troops wrre clothed in blue, and the fort was garrisoned by tho first and second regi ments, who wore a silver crescnt on tho front of their caps, I hadalurge blue flag mado, with a crcscnt In the dextor corner, to be in uniform with the troops. This was tho first American flag displayed iu the South. Moultrie's Memories. In the Spring of 1770, tho committee of safety in Charleston, S. C, ordered Col Wm. Moultrio to erect a fort upon Govern' or a Inland, this island is tho key to Charleston harbor, and the safety of the city calico mat it no strongly loriuuti. stone and mortar were scarce and the light sandy soil of the island was not easily held in em baukmcnts, therefore Col. Moultrie tried another and vorycflkieut method of forti fication. Two parallel walls of palmetto logs wore laid down, sixteen feet apart, and strongly bound together by cross limbers These walls wore about six feet high, and tho space bclweeu them was filled with sand. Thus was formed an imprccnablo fortress in an exceeding short space of time; and when it was completed, tho blue colors mentioned above wore displayed from tho flag staff. At the embrasures of this fort Were mounted thirty pieces of cahncn, most of them long thirty-twos, but the garrison was composed chiefly of militia, unused to tho management of heavy guns, and when Gen. Lee (who bad boon sent from the North to take command,) saw the fortification and its armament, he styled it a "Slaughter pen," and requested Col. Moultrie to vacato it at once. But the gallant officor answer ed that he would do no such thing. He was then told that tho enemy would knock his fort to pieces in half an hour. "Then," said he, "we will fight behind the ruins, and prevent the men from landing." On hear ing this reply, Leo gave up nil hope, and began lo arrange- matturs for a general re treat, as he felt confident that the royal fleet would soon be in Charleston harbor. The fleet, consisting of two frigates of fifty guns, five of twenty-eight, one of twenty-six, a bomb-vessel, was at longth discovered hovering upon the coast. It was under the orders of Sir Peter Parker, a bravo and experienced officor, who, be lieving that the American fortress was a mere piece of sham work, anticipated an easy victory. Contrary winds detained his essels off coast for some time, but on the 28th of Juno, 1776, a fair breeze sprung up, the ship sailed proudly shoreward, and with springs on their cables, anchored within fair cannon shot of the- forh To the poople of Charleston this was an eventful day. Tho roofs and spires, the wharves, and shipping around the piers were crowded with anxious spectators, and from many a patriotic heart went up silent and sincere prayer to the God of Battles, that success might crown tho cause of lib- rty Slowly the vessels swung round broad sides to the fort, and as they did so, every embrasure blazed forth a groat volume of fire and iron ball. But the ships soon re plied, and were enveloped in vest clouds of sulphurous smoke. Tho cannonade was dreadful ; three hundred heavy guns min gled their mighty thunders together, until tho shore trembled at the sound. Vithin the fort a strange spectacle Was prescntsd. There were hunters, militia regulars, snd volunteers, all mingled together, many of them working 'cannon for the first time in their lives, but all full of courago and en thusiasm. Some had stripped off their coats, and with handkerchiefs bound round their heads, trained their long "thirty-twos" with the skill of old artillerists. At the beginning of the action Gon.Lee bad taken a position which commanded a full view of the fort, and he gazed with the expectation of beholding the "slaughtar pen," as he termed it, knocked into splin ters in ten minutes' time. But he was mistaken, for when the fresh sea breeze rolled away tho smoke, the black ramparts were seen unharmed, and the blue flag streamed gaily from its stafT. Tbe huge cannon ball sank harmlessly into the mass of soft sand, and the nature of the pal metto wood, (soft and spongy,) prevented splinters, those dreadful oflVprings of tim ber walls in general, when they are smitten by cannon balls. At length, Lee, warmed inU admiration by the gallant conduct of the Carolinians, crossed over to the island to cher and en courage them. There, amidst tho din and fury of baltlo.he found Col. Moultrie coolly walking about, smoking his pipe and su perintending tlio defence with watchful eyes, now directing a cannon, and now atsiiiing to convey some wounded man to a place of safety. Rut die shins stifl'urod. First the bomb-ship was ridJIud, and forced to censo her fire. Then tho "Cuminodoro," a fifty gun ship, was raked fore and oft ; and the "livperiuienl" reduced to a hull only, slack ened her fire and sent her men below, whilo throo of the smaller frigates, lost their spars unJ running rigging. At ono time tho firo of tho fort slacked, and a faint cheer rang across the waves from the English fleet. Rut iheir joy was only for an instant. Tho American guns only ceased lo play for want of powder, and a supply boing ob tained, tho battle oponoJ with greater fury than ever. Once the broadsides of four vessels all struck tho fort at ono instant, and the ramparts seemed on the point of yielding. But the wet wood settled down agnin, and in a moment was as firm ns ever. All day long tho bombardment continu ed, and until tho sun had sank all red and fiery into the distant ocean depths. It was about 0 o'clock in the evening when Sir Fetor Parker, despairing of passing the fort, aud finding his fleet almost iu a sink ing condition, gave orders to cut cables aud start off tho coast. Then from tho fort, from tho harbor, from the crowds upon tho house-tops and tho piers, went up deafen ing shouts of victory, and every patriot thanked God that ho had shed such a halo of glory upon the American arms, and bid the foe turn iu fear from tho shores of South Carolina. This battlo was no loss glorious to the Americans than calamitous to the Eng lish. They lost in killed and wounded over 200 men, and many officers. Among the wounded was Sir Peter himself, who lost an arm. Ono ship, lhe"Actoon," was left a wreck Upon the Water ; and others were so damaged that they could scarcely bo kept afloat long enough to be repaired The Americans lost in killed and wounded 30 officers and men. For twelve hours and better they sustnined with SO cannon and a scanty supply of ammunition, the combined fire of nino vessels armed with 230 cannon I The annals of war cannot find a parallel case ; and the defence of Ft. Moultrie is acknowledged lo be one of the greatest and most remarkable military achievements of modern times. Our gallant men covored themselves with glory. Throughout the whola country a wild ex citement was created, and the inhabitants of South Carolina, and especially of Charles ton, set no bounds to thoir rejoicing. Col. Moultrie and his men recoived thocongratu lation and praises of tho whole, city. And here let us consider an instanco or two of individual heroism which occurred during the memorablo battle. Sergeant McDonald, whileserving hisgun, was mor tally wounded by a cannon ball, lie was instantlr taken up by his comrades, and carried, all mutilated And blooding, to the unexposed part of tho works. As tho brave but dying man, felt himself in tho arms of his friends, he opened his eyes, over which the films of death were stealing, and faintly said: "I die, but don't let the cause of liberty die with mo" and the next moment Ser geant McDonald w as a corpse 1 But the cause of liberty did not die. 'While the fire was hottest, and while the walls wore shaking from the storm of iron which poured upon them, the blue flag of the Carolinas, which Moultrie had planted upon tbe outworks, Was shot away, and full fluttering to the beach below. A cheer arose from the fleet) and the" hearts of tho gazers upon the shore quaked with fear and grief, as they supposed the fort had surrendered. But the gallant Jasper leap ed from-the walls, seized tho flag, climbed up again, amidst a hail of shot and with a rope lashed the flag to a sponge staff, and planted it firmly in the bastion ; as the wind spread its folds once more into tho air tho patriots made the shores resound with their rejoicings. And when the fray was over, Gov. llutledgo presented tbe brave man with a sword, and at the same time Mrs. Elliot gavo to Moultrie's regiment a beauti ful stand of colors, w hich Jasper lost his life in defending at the storraingof Savanah. Cincinnati Times. 03r The report of the Director of tho United States Mint thowS the amount of precious metals received during the past year at the Mint and branches to bo 30,- 151,002. The total coinage amounts to $58,812,738, comprised in 18,007,807 1 pieces, lbs whole coinage of the l.!tud States since 1793 is f 493,BGS,50f. of which amount there hy, been received from California, sinco 1818, 8313,234,302. fcj The report of the Auditor of State represented the taxable property in Ohio in 1850 at $ 439,000 ,(X0. The same author. hy gives it for the year 1535 as4&80,77, 354. Doubled ia Svs years. The Three Ureal Route to the Varlttc. There may bo at some period (wo pre. tend not to say when) THREE great Rail road Routes lo the Pacific. Many persons canno! imagine how one is to be built, and therefore will bo inclined to ridicule the idea of three. Rut wo say, thcro maybe three, and that, too, at no remote period. The reasons aro Very obvious, when wo con sider that the people of this country havo always accomplished whatever was neces sary to be accomplished. Is'ow, both com merce and geographical rotations require three outlets on tho Pacifio from tho Mis sissippi Valley. These three outlets ore, Pugct's Sound, San Francitco and San Diego. Now, if wo aro to make but one route, the c.no is a clear one the Texas route muit be preferred. It can bo made for half the money, and in half the time, and run with ha'f the cost. Theso facts aro decisive w ith regard to one route. But we will hero consider this subjsct in that broad light which looks to all the great interests and all tho great parts of the Republic, with a view to show how this can be dono, and what are tho true relations ef the great routes. 1. The possibility of constructing three Railroads to the Vacific. To do this will require 0,000 miles of Railroad. Thiols just equal to what tho peoplo of the United States have dono in two years. It is self evident, then, that both labor and money are sufficiently abundant to accomplish this. But in order to make it easy, let us suppose the work is accomplished In six years then there will bo but 1,000 miles for each year, and 333 miles on each route. The work, therefore, is entirely possible. The coM at $40,000 per mile will be two httn dredand forty millions ; ono half of which the government may grant in lands, and the other half will bo raised by companies. This is entirely a feasible plan, and may be accomplished in a short period. Wo do not say that it is desirable that all these routes should be adopted and commenced at once, but wo are now showing what is possible, and what may at somo time come to pass. Let Us now look at the geograph ical relations which require this: 2. 27 three Ports From all tho in formation we havo yet received, it would seem there are but three really good ports on the Pacifio, within tho American bound, aries. The northern one is somewhere on Puget's Sound, the second at San Francis co, aud tho third at San Diego. The lati tude and distances of these places are as follows: gcatilc (on Fugot Sound) 47 JtJ. Ban Francisco 37 deg. 30 mln. Sim Diego 32 deg. 40 mill. From His Slruils of Fuca to Sao Francisco, 800 nils. From San Francisco to San Diego 500 " Thus we see that these places Are far enough from each other to demand a sepa rate trade. Supposing one route to leave Milwaukee, Wis. ; the second 8b Louis, and the third Fulton, Ark. these routes will have a belt of 500 miles broad between each two. As tho whole length is 2,000 miles, there is room on the routes of these three railroads for twenty Slates of double the ordinary size ; then allowing that only half the lands aro arable, thore will bo good land enough to make theso Slates equal to the aid ones. And why should there not be twenty Slates instead of four or five) There is do reason, except that icithout railroads these Slates cannot be made productive. To incrcaso national wealth therefore, and secure increased means of subsistence to the increasing mil lions of this country, no plan of improve ment could be equal to this Very one of constructing railroads from the Mississippi Valley to tho great ports bf the Pacific. 3. Comparative Merits of Routes. On this head we shall take Only such data as are furnished by tho U. S. Surveys, and such as has been added to them by recent information. The following are the data : Distance Summit ' Climate, bypropo- oflii(h- Tunnel. lowest sed route, est Pass. degree. Route. Route near the ( 2,025 6,044 at eleva- 30" be 4ttth parallel i miles, feet, tion of low zero. Route near the 519 ft. 41st deg. from Council Bluff to Iienicia 2,033 inilss. 8,373 20" he- feet. Rone, low sera. Route near the 32i parallel, !,C2l miles. 5,717 feet. Kone. 10 a bove lcro. from Fulton to San Diego,. This talo is Conclusive upon certain high ly important facts. . 1. Taken as a proposition to go from tho navigable waters of the Mississippi river to the Pacifio Ocean, the route through Texas ! is 404 miles neater than tie Northern route, and 411 miles nearer tbn tho Middle route. Gut if it wrre proposition to go to tho navigable tcuters of the Pacific, then it is but 1,000 miles from Fulton to Ft. Yumub, at the mouth of the Gila, whence steam boats run at all seasons. . 2. Supposing that each route cost tho same jrr mile, then the Texas route, being 400 miles nearer, will cost just sixteen mil lions of dollars less than either of tho oth ers, 3. Tho winter climatt of the 32d paraU W. is 49 degrees milder than that of its Northern route, and 30 degrees milder than thnt of the middle route. If but ono route is to bo made to tho Pacifio, then Iho que-' tion Is entirely settled in favor of tha Texas' route, but wo undertook to show that three railroads lo the Pacific aro entirely possible) and practicable. If they were mad, tbo following will bo a near approximation la the co'it ! Rouls of the 48lh psrallrl, !,03j mils, at g lO.iiliO per mile $(l,000,OOO Route of the 41st psrsllel, 2,033 miles, at 1 10.000 per mile 1,260,000 Route of Ilie 3-'J parallel, 1 ,li'i I miles, at ? 10.UUU per milt MJHUjtW The (jovsrnmrnt Engineers make th cost of tho Northern routrs much greater) and we havo no doubt that, owing to the far less favorable tlimato fur construction, tho cost per mile will bo greater ; still wo believe it fair to assume 940,000 per mile as sufficient. Theofrgregnto cost of those roads will then bo equal to 227, 120,01)0. Half of this is 8113,500,000, which we suppose) the Government will bo willing to furnLb. At 81 porooro, this equal to 11300,000 acros, or 177,400 sections, or about 30 sections per mito. This is about one- eiyhlh of the hinds owned by the United States in the Unsettled regions, aud if, by this grant, the Railroads to tho Pacifio wers) actually made, there can be no possible) doubt that tho Government lands would advanco in raluo fur beyond tho outlay. Tho interest on tho bonds, and the tim necessary to secure business in ab Unsettled country, may require a larger amount of lands, but if even one fourth the Govern ment lands were required, thore is no doubt that, as a simple government measure, for' rovenue, tho Treasury would be tho gainer . If such a grant wore made, ths question would still remain open, whether any conv pany would avail themselves of such a proposition, aud if they did, whether ono ot all tho routes wonld bo taken, and all tho roads constructed This Would bo very doubtful, but this plan would throw them open to a fair competition, and the respect live routes would have to bo decided on by tho best judges in tho world thos$ who are to invest capital in Ihem, In this brief review, we have only aimed to set out the three routes distinctly) and to show, if they aro mado, in What manner they can bo accomplished, unless the Gov ermnont steps in, and undertakes tho mag nificent enterprise as a Government Worki Cincinnati Rail-Road Records i ' IT It is estimated by the lion. Mr McDoUgal, of California, thai in 1853 there) arrived at San Francisco $100,000,000 worth of merchandise at an aggregate cost for freights and insurance of t28,OC0,00Oi That the passenger travol amounted to $30,300,000, and government transporta tion 13,730,000, making an aggregate ot over $70,000,000 for expenses of traveling, merchandise, and stores from the Atlantio lo the Pacifio States. This would bare) been dono on a Pacific Railroad at less than one-third the cost. Tb Hteam Frigate Niagara This vessel, built under the superinten dence of Geobqb BtBEns, has gone into dock for the purpose of being coppered preparatory to receiving her machinery.- Upon the charactor of this tho New York Times remarks : "Engines for propellers raroly if evef have leas than two cylinders; the Niagara's has three, seventy-two inches in diameter and three feet stroke, which will lie side by side athwart iho ship. The cylinders weigh 10,400 pounds eacu, anil the condensers 22,000. The crank, crank-shaft and crank pins Are all forged in one piece, and weigh 20,000 pounds. The crank-shaft is thirty feet long. The propeller shaft is forged in four nieces, 17 inches in diameter, and of a total length of 05 feet, weighing 70,000 pounds. The propeller 18 feet by four inches in diameter. The pitch of the blades is 20 feet 0 inches. The surface of both contains 43 square feet. At the hub, the blades aro WJ inciie thicK, tapering to l nch. The weight of tho propeller is 23,000 pounds. There are four boilers, each is SI feet long, 11 feet 0 inches deep, arid 15 foethigh, exclusive of steam chimneys. They aro constructed on Marty's patent. ach has 6 furnaces, and 2040 vertical composition tubes 2 inches in diameter; There are 17,- 600 feet of firo surface in them. They weigh about 4.0 tons each. They will stand in th ship longthwise, two on each siue, lar.ng each other to uo ooaiea irom tbe centre, There will bo a smoke pipe to two boilers. "The weight of the engine and boilers ia about335 tons; the power, lhat of 1,200 horses. The whole will l below tho water lino, except a small part of the steam pipes.1 TrAde of New Orleans. The exports of produce from the port of Now Orleans, coestwiso and to foreign ports, are very large as will bo scon by the fallowing state ment of the last quarter of the year 1833, 1854 and 1955 J 1853 814,850,033 1854 19,105.239 1853 27,37(3,788 This exhibit does not harraonix witb several recent statements by some of our cotemporarirs in reLtion to the rapid de diaa in tho busine of New Oiltaus.