THE OKEGON AHtiUS.
WM.UHKO IVKir SATUSDAV H01NIXO,
BY WILLIAM L. ADAMS.
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"Vive Hollars Veer.
oa-noonr pity, oeeoontbiritory, attjrday, march b, isse.
NO. 47.
For Iht Argtit.
License . Prohibition.
Lafayette, Feb. 20tli, 1920.
editor of the Araui DeahSir: The
temperance question being ono of you
chosen subjcclsof investigation,! presume
I do not iutrudo unwoteoinely upon you
spneo whon I ask permission to cnnlinuo
tho discussion of tho point in controversy
botwoen myself and "Prohibitionist."
Tho question of tho propriety of the pro
liibitory law is certainly one of importance,
nnd in proportion to the vant and mighty
consequoncc of a proper decision in a given
case, should we see that the principle and
reasons upon wnicu it is lounucu are
sound, prudont, and judicious.
Thnl ''Prohibitionist" aims at a proper
Object I have no doubt, (and I thinkj gnv
hini full credit on that score in my forme
article,) but that he docs so by the proper
moans and for good reasons,! am far from
being satisfied, oren after reading liischa
acteristic and unargumontaiive reply to my
former article.
Troiiibiiionist says lam "a young not
to say timid advocuto of prohibition."
Upon what authority ho speaks when he
says that I am "young," I surely am nl n
loss to guess : but in order !o show him
tlmt when an opponent uinkes a forcible ar
gument I am magnanimous enough to ad
mit it, I acknowledge that if years, months,
and days were to be tho measure of the ar
gument and reason presented by us re
spectively, I have no doubt but t should
come out of this controversy my juvenile
skin bearing tho marks of an unmerciful
excoriation, fur while he goes back thirty
five years as but the beginning of part of
his life, I can trace myself only back to
the full of 1833 by I lit aid of my father's
old family Bible 1 Still, while I honor and
venerate nge and wisdom, to see the former
without that proportion of the latter which
long experience is ordinarily supposed to
impart, is a thing always lamentable, and
my opinion is (and I give it with all the
deferenco which youth may be supposed to
feel) that "Prohibitionist" is entitled to
much compassion on this nccouut.
There is a class of met) who, when once
committed against any evil, and discover
the means of reprobating it, are so impa
tient in their zcul to do a good act, that
even things that have the most beneficent
influence in mitigating tho rigor of the
- same vice against which they are warring,
if they think that they stand in the way of
the adoption of their favorite system, are
denounced, vilified, and condemned as in
finitely worse than the original evil itself.
I am constrained to believe that my old
friend "Prohibitionist" is, unfortunately for
cause of temperwee, one of this class.
Jjejspne, we would suppose, who thinks
jt&at.Mftewd .Jictifles the means."
my 'M'inid.7; " 1 ill simply re
mark that lam just bold enC"gh t0 Bsk r
such a law as will prevent the W of in-
inttvinalnirr llnnnr na a. hfiverHflre. anQ if
friend "P." would not be satisfied with
.such a law, and thinks that I am afflicted
'with over delicacy in not demanding the
utter and entire annihilation of the artielp,
I am very willing to let the discriminating
readers of The Argus decide upon the
relative correctness of our opinions.
, Bullet us now define the points upon
which we differ. This is necessary in or
'der to a fair comprehension of our arguments:
. 1st. The object is to prevent tie use of
liquor as a beverage ; and
2d. Now tbe question is, do license laws
tend, to, that object? I affirm they do
"Proiitfecmut'; denies 'it.
I gaid in my iW artUo tliat I presumed
every one knew and believed that tut for
the license tax we should have 'three whis
ky retail shops to where one fs now found
doing iu unholy work. Wetf, if three
gallons of liquor will produce more Injury
than one gallon sold and drank, I ask, do
re not then by adopting the license ys-
torn rcduco the evil jut two-thirds ? And
nr,t only that, but we havo the license lax
besides to aid us in repairing (,0 fur a
dollars and cents can repair it) the injury
that may result from the use of that one
"bird. And not only this, but the dealer's
tax enhances the price so that it places it
beyond llio reach of muny poor men who
might be led into temptation by iu very
cheapness and current use thereby we
may safely estimate reducing tb amount
of tho tales of the remaining dealer.
If these are not fuir aud just deduction
from a sound premise, there surply is no
reliance in facts mid fiuurce. This was
hinted at in my first article, yet "Prohibi
tionist" did not deign in his reply to at
tempt a refutation of it. lie bos asserted
to the contrary in two or three paragraph,
but in no case has he attempted by fact or
reason to sustain his assertion.
And we contend further, that just as
much us tho liquor truffle is reduced by Ii
cens laws constitutes that far prohibition,
ami I do not care whether tho monster is
crippled (for to kill it wholly cveu by a
stringent prohibitory law its strongest
friends admit is not anticipated) by ampu
tating his different ineinhers or by a theo
retical decapitation, it deprives him of
power that far, aud amounts to the same
thing. Suppose, friend ''Prohibitionist,
for the sake of illustration, that you are a
fanner, and the owner of a v.-ry fino ox
and 1 prosumo you ore both let us sup
pose, I say, that your ox, like the bull in
the fuble, should gore the cow of your
neighbor, and we will have, in the exam,
pie, your ox to represent the whisky traffic,
and your neighbor's cow the suffering com
munity which it afflicts; let us suppose
that, enraged nt the bloody and irreparable
outrage by which he has lost his favorite
r:...n - ii. i i , j. ,
uruiuie, ynur neignoor snouid lull upon
TT T If I- . ,
be a pretty good prohibitory law f
The fact is just this; 'Prohibitionist"
wnnta to rxtcrtnina'e the whole trnflio:
the license system which we have is in
tended to accomplish that object only In
part by all-viiiting its worst evils, and be.
cause it does not do all that ha wants
done he declares in a passion that it does
harm instead of good.
Well, ho says that the licensed dodgery
keepers are in favor of it, especially those
opposed to prohibition, and seems to think
this fact ought to be a clincher. It is about
us good an argument agaiust the licenso
system as the opponents of tho Maine law
made in that State against it by saying
that ninny men who voted prohibit were en
gaged in the contraband traffic. A few
men voted prohibit that ihey might enjoy
the tremendous profits which an exclusive
monopoly of tho smuggling business yield
od tliein, and those who intend to engage
in selling under the licenso law mav favor
it for the same reason ; but I hope no pro.
hibitionist ever thought of abandoning his
plan on such an account J and surely it is
no less flimsy an objection against the li
cense system,
But lastly, "Prohibitionist" says, "your
licence law covers up tho evil," and that if
only uncovered and presented to view in its
naked hideousness, it would lead people to
extirpate it in three years. Here we imng
ine is truly stated the great and real objec
tion of "l'roliibttiomsl" to the system ; and
yet I must candidly gay I cannot agree
with him
Think of it, Mr. Editor 1 Take ofl tho
tax, and let us have free whiskv. Let the
stinking distillery with its nauseating filth
and reeking effluvia be seen snugly nestling
below our littlo bill-aide springs. See the
streets of our cities lined with dramshops,
our publio highways saluted with the sign
LATE FROM EUROPE.
Russia tloti't Accept the Peace
Propositions.
your offending property nnd knock off tss,f the grogscller ot every mile, and every
norns, Mil ins nose, Dung nis eyes, nnd, wl cross road marked by the shanty of the
fine, maim and disfigure him till he could
bo scarcely recognized by his owner, would
yon, sir, be willing to hozard your reputa
tion for sanity by raying that ho was now
more ''powerful" than before, as Well as
"more respectiiblo" in appearancoll
Well, sir, when we show by couolusivc
reasoning that license laws do circumscribe
and restrict this detestable traffic to at
nst one-third of its original extent, if not
more, is it not just as irrational to say that
we are giving it "power" and "respecta
bility"! But, reiterates "Prohibitionist,"
n defiance of all this (I present his senti
ment in my own words,) you sanction the
wrong by giving the dealer the liberty for
S50 to fominit it. By no means, sir. I
say it is the veriest of superficial sophistry
to say that such is the effect of granting a
license. Why, my dear sir. sunnose that
n the cose of the ox above supposed your
neighbor should be presented to the proper
egal tribunal of your county, and thut nf-
er proof of the maltreatment of your prop
erty, he should be fined by tho court the
sum of $30, would you say that tho law
was making cruelly to animals respectable,
giving it its sanction, and your neighbor
the liberty to repeat it, because it accepted
a pecuniary mulct in satisfaction f I think
I henr you respond in the negative. Now
the only difference between this example
and that of the licensed liquor-seller is,
that in the case of the latter he pays his
fine iu advance, and thus has the brand of
infamy fixed upon his business far deeper
than anv mere penal enactment to fine him
after he had sold his liquid poison could
possibly make it. It is wholly misapply
ing the intent of ths license laws to aay
tu.it they make liquor selling respectable,
when a3 abhorrence of it is the very basis
of the system. And how my friend "Pro
hibitionist," or o.ny other sane man, can see
anything honorable or respectable in the
business of ono with whom the law thus
deals, 1 am utterly unable to divine.
In the name of all that is righteous, when
we have reduced by this scheme the hor
rors of this traffic to a lithe of its former
extent, and because it is not adapted to its
total eradication, are we to turn and vilify
the very agency by which so much good
has already been attained. If we have an
other plan better suited to the main end,
let us adopt it, but not by decrying those
very means through which we may ne ena.
bled to do it.
"Prohibitionist" denies that the priuci
piecf prohibition and the license system is
ono and the bids. Suppoa we put up
the license tax to ten thousand dollars on
the dealer ; I should like to know if Tro.
hiliiionitl" would cotaHpit such a one to
"soul ond conscience killer" see the com-
munityduy by day drawn into these sink
of iniquity; and lastly, see the accursed
brandy bottle stand daily on the shelf and
duiing-tuble in the quiet home of the hon
est laborer; let all this continue three
years, and the monster will have become
such a fort of every man's being that I
venture lo say no one would ever think of
prohibition, until something like the license
system had first prepared the way. It
would be like the case of a man who
would obstinately reject everything calcu
lated lo check the progress of a deadly
cancer that was threatening his very vitals,
until it had sent its poisonous juices
throughout every part of his system, and
then hope to cure himself by calling In aid
the surgeon s knife and cutting off the of
fending ulcer or head, when no nkill Could
eradicate the poison of which it Was but
tbe mere discharge
Still, although my friend seems lo have
a great dislike to being called ultra, docs
not his desire to drive the people into pro
hibition by exhibiting to them the unro
strained evils of the liquor traffic give us
as unmitigated an instance of reckless ul
traism as tho eminent example to which I
once compared him has ever done? I am
glad that my friend has backed out of his
position against the use of wine for sacra
mental purposes. I certainly have no ob
jection to wine on account of its purity
the purer of course the better but he cer
tainly did not in his first piece hint that he
was opposed lo its use because much mod
ern wine was not the pure juico of the
grape, although he now intimates that that
is his objection. This little newspaper war
has probably opened the eyes of even "Pro
hibitionist" to some of the errors of an
overwrought zeal. Now, Mr. Editor, I am
through with this I fear rather tedious ar
ticle. I should not have taken so much
-pace for the vindication of the license sys
tem if I entertained any hope of the early
passage of a prohibitory statute. I do not
expect one for years, and it is because I
look anxiously forward to the time when
we will be able lo obtain it that I am in fa
vor of keeping the traffic within bounds
which will insure its success.
I have been induced to be thus lengthy
too because many prohibitionists Lave been
led by indiscreet advocates, as I think, to
adopt the same superficial view of the li
cense system as the one I have been conn
batting, with what success I leave the read
er to judge. J. ft. M.
2"" The berk of a tree sod the bark U a dog
are considerably alike. One ie furintd oa the
boajh, and the other od tho bo wow principle.
By tho arrival of the America nt Halifax
on the 10th Jan., and the Africa at N. Y.,
on the Slid, wo have dutes from Liverpool
to the 5tli and Oih of the sune month.
Peace Xegnllalloat.
There is nothing new of an official char
acter with respect to the peace negotiations,
but there is evidently in quarters Well-informed,
a growing impression thut mnltcrs
will not terminate in a sulisluetory manner.
Count Nesselrode has addressed a circu
lar note to the representatives of Russia, at
the chief Foreign Courts, dated St. Peters
burg, Deo. 23. In this note it is stated
tlmtP.ussia accepts the third point relative
to tho neutralization of the Black Sea, iu
the following sense : That Turkey's right to
closo the Straits be maintained ; that no
ships-of-war be admitted iu tho Black Sea,
excepting those of Bussia nnd Tuikvy;
that the number of ships to be so main
tained be mutually arranged by Russia aud
Turkey, and that it be ratified by direct,
special treaty between these two powers,
without the interference of other nations.
This interpretation the Allies consider to be
inadmissible.
Le NorJ publisbcs an analysis of this cir
cular. The circular owns that the desire
expressed by the Emperor of the French
at a public solemnity in favor of a prompt
and durable peace was at the same time,
and still is, the dearest wish of the Empe
ror Alexander. Referring to the Vienna
Conferences, the circular casts upon the
Allies the blame, of having rendered them
abortive. So long as his enemies resolved
to substitute force for the spirit of justice
and conciliation, the Cznr was obliged to
remain silent ; but as soon as ho heard that
his enemies were disposed to take up again
tho negotiations of pcaco on the basis of the
Four Points, bo did not hesitate to come
forward frankly to meet those pacific dispo.
silions, nnd to seek frankly a possible solu
tion for the third point.
Affairs In tbe Crimen.
Gortschakoff reporls Deo. 10th, two bod
ies of Cossacks defeated a strong squadron
of Gen. Vivian's Anglo-Turkish cavalry
near Kertseh. Tho English commander
and 47 men were taken prisoners.
A letter from Kamicsch of the 25th Dec.
in the Austrian Gazelle, says : "According
to tho latest accounts from the Crimea, the
Russian troops have been reinforced by a
regiment of the Guard and by tho Radotzky
regiment of Hussars, formerly stationed at
Odessa."
It is theroforo evident that no watit of
provisions is experienced by Prince Gort
schakoff.
A loiter from Odessa to the 21st Dee., in
the Austrian Gazette, says large bodies of
troops are marching from the Crimea into
Bessarabia. ' There is not, however, any
intention of evacuating the former, as their
places will bo filled by other troops from
the reserve and by the militia. Gen. Gort.
schukoff will, it is said, be replaced bv
Count Osten Sacken. The former will re
sume the command of tho troops on the
Danube.
The Allied gun boats which remained at
Kinburn have been frozen in, and all the
efforts made to release them have been hith
erto fruitless.
The Muscovite party are striving to su
persede GortsohakofI by Mouravieff in the
rimea. Mcnschikoff is appointed Milita
ry Governor of Cronstadt.
Asia.
Oincr Pacha has relurnod lo Soukoum
Kaleb, renouncing his intention to attack
Kutuis at present. The Russian General
Susloff took possession of the defiles of
Hassan Kaleh as soon at Selim Pacha re-
trrated to Erzeroum. Tho greater part of
the Russian army will winter at Knrs.
Intelligence from Constantinople of Dec-
24tb states that many persons had already
quitted Erzeroum, fearing it would be at
tacked by the Russian army. Thry had
sought refuge at 'frebizonde,
1'he Invulide limit publishes a procla
mation by Uen. Mouravieff, calling the en
tire population of (merlin and Mingrelia to
wage a war of extermination against the
enemies of the C"s. It is this measure
which is supposed to have induced Orner
Pacha'i retreat.
fcesita.
The Czar has ordered the commanders
of Finland, in tbe Baltic- Provinces, to re
port means of defense to the frrand Coun
cil of War in seshion at St. Petersburg.
Contracts are advertised for immense
qunntlrs of artillery and stores. New rifle
regiments are being enrolled. Emancipa
lion is offered as a bribe to serfs, while
some of the restrictions Imposed by Czar
Nicholas on the nobles have boon repealod
The publication of the Austrian Concordat
is prohibited in Russia, lest it should cause
religious discontent.
The Czar has also issued a decree con
ferring on peasants the right to possess
lauded properly in Poland. Personal serf
dom is to be replaced by annual payment.
Three years ere allowed for tho execution
of the decree.
From Sweden tho accounts aro very war
like. Military and naval manufactures
work incessantly, and the judications are
that in accordance with the secret article of
the treaty, Sweden will openly tako the
field with the Allies in tho spring.
The Danish government is reported to
have consented to tho establishment of do
pots of stores for tho English fleet nt Suol,
the fleet to rendezvous there in April.
Grand Conacll of War tm Parts.
The London Post says that in the course
of a few days a general Council of War is
lo be held at Paris, at which England will
bo represented by II. R. II., the Duko of
Cambridge, Sir Richard Airy, and Sir Har
ry Jones, together with Admirnls Sir Ed
mund Lyons and Dundas. Tho object of
this Council ia to collect, to interchange,
and to consider all possible information with
respect to tbe war.
discussed, but toted tube impossible. His
army, when uear Kutuis, was fur two days
without supplies, on account of river fresh
ets, nnd being unuble to advance he deem.
cd it prudent to return. Seventy shlis are
loading at Constantinople iih supplies and
munitions for Sotikoiiin Kule. llulim IV
cha has arrived nt Erzeroum, where rein
forcements aro ga'hering.
Gen. Williams arrived nlGumri In good
health. The grossest peculation and mis
management took plnco with the provision
ing of Kara, and what littlo whs dona was
entirely due to the exertions of Gen. Wi).
liams and llio foreign officers. The garri
son behaved nobly, nnd maintained disci
pline to the lust. ;
Tho commission appointed lo inquire in
to the state of affairs ill Asia, and the coun
cil of war In session nt Constantinople do
not positively express disapproval of Omer
Pacha's strategy, but tho adoption of a new
plan of campaign implies a censure on Lit
conduct. Flank diversions a-o now given
up, and all efforts will be directed o tbu
defense of Ei zerotim nnd Tiebizonde. At
present tho ground is covered with snow,
and for two mouths to come thero can be no
operalious.
FROM WASHINGTON.
Tub Advices by the Africa.
The intelligence by this arrival consists
merely of an extension of the previously
prevailing peace rumor. Nothing definite
is yet known from St, Petersburg. Spec
ulations continue to bo contradictory.
lutorviews had taken place betwon Counts
Nessclrodo and Esterhazy, but the main
questions at issuo had not been discussed.
The expectation from Russia it neither a
refusal nor acceptance, but such a modified
counter proposijien as may give rise to ne
gotiate and delay. On tho oilier hand, the
Palmerston Cabinet must meet Parliament
early in next month, with a decided an
nouncement either of peace or war. As
regards France, rumor reports the tone of
tho French Government as again more war
liko ; but this feeling may be increased or
diminished by tbe decision of tbe Allied
Council of War about to open its session in
Paris. Russian preparations to continue
the conflict are on a larger scale than ever.
Briefly, the hopes of peace havo received
little or no confirmation.
Ono of the five celebrnted dry docks in
die Kurubelnain suburb of Sebastopol, was
demolished by tho French engineers on Sat
urday, the 22d Dec, at 2 o'clock P. H-, by
the explosion of mines. The destruction of
the dock was fully accomplished, the blust
having almost instantaneously reduced the
massive fabrio into a ruined and confused
heap of stones.
The French Minister of Finance has
raised the interest on treasury bonds one
por cent. It is inferred from this that there
will not be another French loan for some
time. In London, on the contrary, rumor
asserts (lint the Chancellor of the Exche
quer contemplates a loan for 30,000,000,
or $150,000,000.
It is stated iu a despatch from Berlin
that the members of the grand Council of
War, atSt. Petersburg, are chiefly engaged
on tho question relating to the fortifications
of the strategic points of the empire. The
fortifications of Kiew will be finished be
tween this timo nnd the end of the winter.
The Russians had increased their fortifi
cations over Inkermann, and had unmasked
new batteries on the lefl of the Tchernaya
Accounts received at Berlin from St.
Petersburg, of Jan. 7, are announced to us
"less and less favorable to peaco."
The preparations for defonce aro prose
cuted with an energy and expense almost
incredible. Tho appointment of Prince
McnchikofTto tbe command at Cronstadt is
merely an indication of tho predominance
of the old exclusive Russian party. He
will be under the surveillance of Admirals
Panuitine and Nowosiukv, with the assist
ance of the best officers lately at Sebnstopol.
Tbe Sound Dues Conferences, which
were to have been opened on the 2d Jan.
at Copenhagen, have been postponed line
die.
Asia Mlaor.
Omer Pacha hod arrived at Batoum.
The fall of Karn hag rendered him onpop-
ular at Constantinople, ond his recall waej
Withdrawal of l.ol. nu-bardsoa Xouttaa
lloafef t'.ol. Orr, by the Democratic l'.a
cus.
Tits Latest Ballot. Tho latest re
ported ballot for Spenker by mail took
place on the 23d of Juuunry, and resulted
as follows i
ONE IIUNUnED AND TWFNTV SRCOND BALLOT.
Banks, l0 Richardson, 05
Fuller, 30 Campbell, 5
Porter, Cobb of Alabama, Williams nud
Pennington, 1 each.
Washington, Jan. 23, 18C0. The with
drawal of Col. Richardson, to tako c fleet
after to-dny, created n profound sensation,
and members manifested considerable rest
essncss nnd then the refusal to table Mr.
fust's resolution was nnother indication
that nil was not right.
Mr. Richardson spoke as follows pre
vious to hi withdrawal: He was sincerely
dosiroits that the House should bo organ
ized. It has been intimated, here and else
where, that there may bo an election if
himself and other candidates should retire
from the contest. The gentlemen with
whom he acted would bear testimony that
the position he occupied Is not of his own
seeking, but was one from which ' ho ' was
anxious to recede, to relieve the House from
embarrassment. He' Wbuld, if possible.
withdraw his name to-day. '
An early adjournment was' tlia consc
quence, immediately on llio heels of which,
Mr. Jones informed members that a Dem
ocratic caucus would be held In ten mili
ums from that time Iu tho Representatives'
Hull. Tho galleries anil lobby were clear
ed, nnd they immediately proceeded to
business. VariotM propositions wero pre
sented ; the plurality rule tinder certain
contingencies namely, in case Banks wait
withdrawn the propriety of making no
nomination, etc., all which were withdrawn,
and Mr. Orr unanimously nominated, still
adhering to tho principles enunciated In tho
first caucus.
Tho Democrats will be disnppointed in
their hope lo gain by changing candidates. .
The national Americans held a caucus
this afternoon, and resolved unanimously
to whom to I'uller. 1 he defection from
their ranks, if any, will bo very small.
At the Republican caucus this evening
the speaking wus nil ono way in fuvor of
Banks. Banks against the world, is the
unanimous sctitimoiit, so far as manifested
among the Republicans.
Withdrawal op Richardson A Xew
Nominee Mr. Orr, of South Carolina, was
unanimously nominated by the caucus in
Col. Richardson's stead, The nomination
will weuken Orr. Mr. Rust, of Arkansns,
proposed that no nomination should bo
made, but that any man who had constant
ly supported Richardson bo voted for as
policy dictated.
The lurality rule, as I mentioned Inst
evening, was considered in caucus by tho
Democrats, nnd rejected forty-seven td
thirteen. It is lost, unless supported bv tils'
Republicans. Will they go tho proviso
which kills Banks I Their caucus to-night
says no. I lie contemplated violation of
good faith has been abandoned.
Tim American caucus has re-nominated
Mr. Fuller, so the triangular fight goes on
lor I he present.
VtT The new volumes of Macaiilnv's HWorv
of KiikImhI are entirely occupied with the reign of
William nnd Mar. The author emir riowu
harder than before upon Perm, the Quaker.
How Masslss ass Maui. The common
node of grinding- children'! marble ia s eurioue
imtimce of ainiplii'ity in machinery. A number of
tne chips, broken to a tuit.ble size, are put
together in a tin bos and fattened to tbe run f
waler-whetl,and there led to j-rind Ihtuurivea into
thape.
fy It i with nationi as with iudirideale, three
who know the leaat of others, think tbe hiphenl of
themwlveii; for the whole fumily of pnde and
ignorance are iucotluous, and mutually begot each
other.
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