t
TUG OREGON ARGUS.
; ruiLMiuu vr TtKur mosmko,
BY VILLIAM L. APAM3.
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CAUD3, CMCUI.AIW, PAMI'llLET-WUKK
iuJ oilier kiitda. done to order, on abort no-ce.
tcuor.a. ,
. Still the anjnl Mm are nl iiiinj,
Still the rippling wateri flow,
But the ancient voice i lent
Thnt I heard liere long ajo.
Hark ! Hie eeboea murmur low
Long ago !
, Siill tlia wood ia dim aud lonely,
Hull the apliuli ; fountain! piny,
But tlia put an I all its bi'auly,
Whilherlm it fled away?
. Hark ! the mournful echaes toy
Fled away I
Still tlie bin of nielli eumpla'neth
. Now, indeed, her song It paiu
Vitiona of my happy hnra,
Do 1 call and uall in vaiut
J lurk J tlin echoes cry oj liu
Alliuvaiu!
Cense, 0 echoen, inournn 1 echoes!
Onco I loved vnnr v cos well j
Now my heart laaick and weary,
Days of old, il long farewell !
Hark ! the eclor, aad and drtnry.
. Cry farewell, farewell!
Household Worth.
For Iht Argui.
Slate Government.
Lafayette, Feb. 5, 1853.
Mr. Editor I notice ia your paper of
the 3d instant an imitation to discuss tin
question of Sint.- organization, nnd I avail
myself of it to lay before youi r uders some
f the more prominent reasons for voting
for a Convention on tho first Monday in
April next. '
1 am glad the question has been Fubmit
'ted to the people as a separate and distinct
issue, for I have no desire to ice the infltt
nco of party brought to le-ar upon it ; and
4tnd if it U made a party issue, it shall not
bo. with my consent or upproba'iou. No
good patriot will lend his influence to form
A Constitution that ahull inure tolthe exclu
sive benefit of the Democratic, Whig, or
Know Nothing parties.
The principal objection urged against the
formation of n State Government is the as
turned inability of tho people to sustain it
without a resort to oppressive taxation ; for
uo one protends to doubt that many advan
tages would result from it. So far from
believing this, I am in favor of a State on
ganizatimi at tho earliest practicable period
us a matter of pecuniary interest, nsido from
considerations of infinitely more Importance,
involving as they do the right of self-government,
purchased by the blood and treas
ure of our revolutionary fathers.
. Ho enterprising capitalist refuses to in
'vest in Kail-Road or other slocks for the
reason that they will not yield a dividend
for the first three or four years. If he
'thinks the probabilities are in favor of prof
'it iu the end, he parts with his money read
ily. .
The people of Oregon nre now called up
on to invest somo thirty thousand dollars a
.vcar in State government stock, with a mor
al certainty that it will pay a very large in
Merest on the investment.
The value of property, as well as of la-
"boiyis always regulated by the amount of
money in actual circulation. Now, if we
xian'bring into the State au addition of one
hundred thousand dollars over what we re
eive as a Territory, by paying out to our
own citizens thirty thousand a year, is it
'toot plain that we have a net gain of seventy
thousand t
We will suppose, by way of illustration
4t.nl it, a P.nni.rnl fl.ieerlim'en t nOW CXPl-nd:
W the Territory one hundred thousand -U-
lars fof snppor. of the government and for
n"ral improvements, (and this is a bi,h
state ) If - take lb. statistics of ap-
S2,iA to UiS new Stat., for th-
propnauons niuue
first few years after their coming into the
J ... . . I
1-mnn ua W find them toUIIOI-I yreaor:
than were uiftdo to the Territory fur the
tame period. K we tako our near neigh
'bor California for example, we may safely
pnded amoO!! us th
caicumic m."-i l
or of our existence as a State
tatHi
1119 a,ii t -
' at least a half million a year.
h'
t i.. f:..v.mmiii lias emended in thu
State of Cassia for imyrowBcnts moreorj-.pintivn.
Uatior ant Proprietor.
VOL. 1.
OB.EOOW
than a million a year; and who will duubt
this being secured lo a great extent by her
representative in Congress. Thin consid
eration alone would leave a balunco in favor
of State: organization of threo or four hun
dred thousand a year. '
Secondly The moment wo become a
St mo wo are entitled to receive 800,000
acres of land, to be located within the limits
of the Slate, as a sort of marriage poriion :
to be used in nny way the people may de
termine All the land west of the Cascade
Range worth having is ul ready occupied.
The territory east of t ho mountains is now
open for settlement, nnd arrangements are
being made for its survey. If we are pre
pared lo locate tho 'uud as thesun-eys pro
gress, or before the choice lands are taken
up ; we can secure lands that " ill readily
command from 83 to $3 per acre ; but if
we delay the location of the land for two or
three years, wo will not he able to make se
lections that will command iho minimum
price of $1,25 per acre J making a differ
ence of a million of dollars in favor of
upcedy organization ; enough to defray the
entire expenses of a Stntn government for
the next twenty years. If this be true,
who will say that this Consideration dues
not of itself imperiously demand that we
should come into the Union at the earliest
practicable period as a matter of sound
practical economy.
Third 'y We are now incurring nn ex
prndiiuivof millions of dollars for I he pros
ecution of the pending Indian wars, mid we
are looking to the General Government for
ultimate payment. Having no substantial
representation in Congress, we find officer
of the military department predicting great
delay, if not refusal lo pay, on the part of
the government. Hut if wo had ut Vah
injton two Senators to act iu concert with
the two from Cidifo"n;ii in the protection ol
our interests on toe 1 aeilio . toast, who
would question the last dollar's being paid
within the next six lu iiuhsf. In the pies
out ttate of sectional strife between the
North and South, four votes, representiuu a
distinct interest, and not idnitinVd with ei
ther of the two contending parties, but liul l-
ing the balance of power in their lintels, 'o
bo used as circumstances mijiht require.
ooiild command a prompt compliance with
the just demands of our citizens. We
might now be occupying this desirable po
Hon, but for the ''prnny witc and pound
ooi'sA" policy wlifch induced the majority
of our citizens to reject the Convention in
the summer of 18-j-t. Six mou'lis' simple
interest on the amount now due our people
would defray the expenses of a Sate gov
ernment for two or three years. ,
. I have said that 830.000 would be amply
sufficient to meet evory needful expenditure
incident to the organization of a State gov
ernment, over and above our expenses as a
Territory. . It is true, we might augment it
to eighty or ono hundred thousand ; but I
take it for granted thai the people, w ho pay
the money, have the matter entirely in
their own hands, and will be likely to con
sult the most rigid economy iu the forma
tion of their Constitution. In my opinion,
tho best men of tho country could b indu
ced to discharge the dutios of the offices to
be supported by tho State for the following
salaries, until o are huio w pay morei
which would reduce our expenses toubout
$30,ri00, as the following figures will show :
ThreeJud;etal81300ayi-areaoli, $ 4.'00
Governor, (to reside at home,) JU00
Secretary of Stale, NW0
(lerkliiie,. I"
rrinlin.', paper. &c., p year, 10,000
I'uy f Legi-lature, 3U in tlie lleuae,
and II in the Senate, with th.ir
clerks and in l a'e. biennial
aoiii$ ll.Oi HI per yenr
Coniingenl ixpenw of LeaMature,
Stationery, fuel. Aitc, for officers,
Cuiitiiijjeal fund,
S500
30IHI
30(10
5000
$13,000
Making the total expense to be provided
for, thirty three thousand dollars per year.
It mti :r w t.nriin in mind that the salaries
r a..'., T,.....r and Ilia! net Attor-
...... ..'., .mid out of the Territorial
Tivnsmy, and that the Marshal and o'her
Cited Stal-s officers .,d eon.tnue to be.
P''1' by the General Government . . al-o a
f ' 'tct Co.,,, an the ex-
,- Court. I ould r .,-ve
J,,,!.., 0f a arge amount of bust-
our ti.r j.i o ,
,. n w i evii ed uiion them.
.... r ....
-
In my next letter I will show, oy me
g'ati-ties of the States which passed through
H Territorial pupilage, 'hat the relative in
... : uuttli and iKiiiulation bf t'ie last
a tf " I I
I . , - t. -. I ...I
i"'" Jr"'
lliree. J
, . m r.f tii.-ir lerriiunai vH-sjtiai;c.
and the firs! thr-c of 'heir probation as a
State, is grea-Iy in favor of an early State
A, 'J. U.
wpir Sep
AMKHICA -.Haows aoiuhl of goUra nrowWrs of Vitutft,
Know uoauhl of t'.oroafU, mail Slant, aad Mirlaia.'i
CIIY, ORSCrOINT TSXL&XXO&V, SATURDAY, rSBftUAKVlj, 1856.
J For Iht Anut.
"Wt vilh to tear up tht deadly Uoat of the
liquor Iraffio by the roola, and entirely Iu eradicate
II, wni all lit contequtnett;
Mr Editor This is a part of a para
graph over the signature of "J. R. M.,M of
Lafayette, Jan. 12th, 1850, In yourpnper
of Jan. SOth. The article is headed, "Inju
ry to the cause of Prohibition by injudi
ct'out advocates." A writer in The Argus
called "Prohibitionist" seems to be aimed at,
as the one producing the injury to the
cniiso.
Now, my dear sir, allow mo to ay, first,
that our friend J. R. M. is a young, not to
say timid, advocate of prohibition- lie
t lis us, after a long apology and a lengthy
argument to prove "Prohibitionist" wrong,
that "wo wish to tear up the Upas of the
liquor traffic.'' Out to do this sueh argu
ments and facts as are communicated by
prohibit must bo silenced ; they do harm.
So, "Church and State" was once tho cry
against our cause. For my part, I did not
suppose thoro could bo a man so totally
blind to the influence of the license laws
generally, as our fiiend J. 11. M- appears to
be. Iu reading his views, he takes me back
just thirty-live years ago, when I advocated
the license m stem as the commencement of
total prohibition, as a democrat. I consci
entiously yielded tho point that a monopoly
in this 'deadly Upas" traffic was necessary
to the final and ultimate prohibition of it ;
while I find that under this samo license
system the "Upas" has grown a monster
that no tear, no agony, no pain, no murder,
tin crime, and no law cau check, except total
prohibition.
Tw0 hundred years' experience and ex
perimenting upon the license system of
friend J. R. M., has only increased the evil,
aud mndn a business that was before doubt
ful, aud considered dangerous, to become le
gal and respectable, by law, and long-estab-li-dixd
usage. For J. R. M. says wo get
$50 iu advance to pay the damage. . Il has
driven tho "rabble," us friend J. R. M.says,
from the trade, aud put it into honora
ble (legally so constituted) hands. These
legal, licensed. iouI aud conscience kilUrt
are the favored few, who are cented an ex
clusive monopoly by just such tender-hearted
friends of the whisky traffic, as friend
J. U. M., who reminds me of an argument
and repl) I heard in a cotiveution to lake
into consideration the expediency of discuss
ing tho prohibitory question. The pro
fissed friend of the causo said he was a
friend to temperance, and to prohibition,
but he did not believe it was best to be so
strenuous, and to urge things so fast ; we
must use mild means, and try to enforco the
license laws we have ; they are good
enough. "Yes, that they uro, said the li
censed rum seller; "you have expressed my
mi ud exactly. Punish the villains that
break your license, laws ; I am in favor of
the laws we have ; they are good enough
for me." Who does not know in this land
that the license law for any thing is a mo
nopoly, a privilege granted for a specific
sum of money to carry on a business con
sidered by all, if left free without a license,
to bo dangerous to tho community. This
fact the law admits, and has admitted for
for more than a century past, and our friend
in 1830 has just discovered that it is a stepping-stone
to prohibition, the principle of
which he has just discovered in I his demor
alizing, conscience killing law. Reully, Mr.
Editor, there is hope for our friend. I will
n ad his articles he promised under "A. B.,"
expecting to find many new arguments on
the subj'-ct.
, I am suspicious that our friend's fears are
excited upon another point, which is, the
' exception for sacramental purposes," as in
timated oy "Prohibitionist." Upon this
point I have never doubted but the church
was half a century behind thn times, and
would, if she could, dictate every moral re
form, o as to comport with her own tancti-
" drunkenness,
The idea that the
" b A tlie "'J of
using the pure unfermeiited juice of the
grape instead of the vile fo'geri.-g she is
now using, and calling them the fruit of
the vine. This position of -'Prohibitionist
I fear has rous"d ilia ir of our frien I J. It.
M., who comes to the rescu with his g,id
old bark, and woul I have us b lievo that be
cause she crossed the ocean per influence
of wind and waves, therefore the license
law, that has legally sent thirty thousand
drunkards to their graves annually, and
made a hundred thousand orphans, and
I destroyed millions of property, must still
be kept Bp.
Yon have told us, my friend, that you
I-
dare not trust this "Upa," without a li
cense. For ihat very reason wo lay, remove
the license, and jnu uncover the monster,
with an argument that will exterminate the
deadly Upa in less than three years. Your
license law covers tip the evil, and protect
it, making it a legal and honorable traffic.
There is not an opposer of prohibition but
approve of your license law, and there ia
no danger of their meeting ; but you are
with them, your tax they will pay because
it relieves them from ihv restraint and com
petition of tho'VuMV," aud gives them au
exclusive privilege.
Your sophistry and insinuation about
Lloyd Garrison and all such, will out be ta
ken by any honest and candid mind for ar
gument. I challenge you to produces sin
gle licensed doggery keeper in Oregon who
will rote for no license, (or free whisky.
They will sooner vote prohibit
' PROHIBITIONIST.
' Memorial.
To Hit Excellency, the President of the
United Stales :
Your memorialist, the Legislative As
sembly of this Territory, respectfully rep
resent that early in October last the poo
plo of Oregon and Washington Teriitories,
were startled by a general outbreak among
nearly all the Ind'nii tribes in the Western
nnd middle portions of those Teriitores.
These hostilities, unprovoked on the part of
the Whites, were characterized by the usual
modes of Indian warfare, an indiscriminate
slaughter of all our citizens w ho fell into
their hands, without regnrd to age, s-'x or
condition, and by the pillaging and burning
of dwellings and the destruction of protierty.
The people in the most defenseless parts
of the country, alarmed by the dangers to
which they were exposed, called upon the
Governor of this Territory for that protec
tion which they hud a riyht to ask.
, We are happy to say 'hat tin cry for re
lief was not unheeded by the Governor, aud
that our citizens, with promptness and zeal
which a sense , of danger alone could call
forth, volunteered to go out in defense of
their country, leaving their homes and the
various avocations iu which they were en
ggd ; '.hey have nobly discharged their
duties under many adverse and trying cir
cumstances, and are still in the heart of the
enemy's country combating the Indians, or
holding possession of tho country which
they have conquered. ,
In this distressing state of affairs, and
while the Oregon Volunteers were surround
ed by hostile. Indians, it was with no little
satisfaction that your memorialists, as well
as tli people of Oregon, hailed the arrival In
this Territory of Major-General John 12.
Wool, of the United State Army.
His past service had led us to hope that
he would at once have sent the forces under
his command to the assistance and relief of
our Voluu'oers, who were desirous of re
turning to their homes. It is with regret,
we confess, that in this respect our hopes
have been disappointed. It is with regret
thni we are compelled to say thnt Gen. Wool
has hitherto remained inactive and refused
to send the United Stales troops to the re
lief of the Volunteers, or to supply them
with arms and ammunition iu their time of
need. That he has gone into winter quar
ters and left our settlements exposed lo the
ravages of our enemies! That he has re
moved the greater portion of his troops from
the Indian territory to Vancouver, a military
point, remote from the scenes of war and
that too, while our Volunteers were threat
ened by an overwhelming force or Indians :
That he refused to go to the relief of a num
ber of our citizens who had settled in the
Walla Walla Valley, and who had fled
from their homes in safety ; and that be re
fused to send any of the forces under his
command to pro'ect the people of Southern
Oregon, whose lives aud property were al
most daily being destroyed or endangered
by the Indian
Your memorialists would have borne all
these grievances in silence, and left these
public acts and omissions of Gen. Woo!, to
the just judgement of the people of Oregon
and Washington Territories, and to the ap
proval or disapproval of the proper officers
of the United States Govermuen. But M
it is, that Geo. Wool, not content with the
inactive and inefficient course which he has
hitherto thought proper to pursue in this
war, has departed from hi inactive policy
only to censure the Governor and people of
thia Territory for their commendable zeal
in defending their country aud to thwart all
their efforts to procure supplies, anl the
aUMHCRirTlO,
"Vivo Italian a Year.
NO. 44.
iiiruus of subaiatance for the Oregon Volun
teer now in the field.
Instead ofolTcring aid and encouragement
to our people, ho has shown a disgraceful
activity in Lit endeavor to persuudo our
merchant and those of California not to
furnish ammunition and supplies for our
Volunteer in this trying time of their need:
instead of attending to lb duties of his
high office, he ha become an tntermeddler
between the people of Oregon and tho Gov
ernment of the United States, and publicly
declared that his influence will be exerted
to prevent the payment by the United State
of the just claim incurred in prosecution of
this war.
Therefore inasmuch, a your memorialists,
a well ns the people of Oregon have lost
all confidence in the willingues of Getil
Wool to assist and defend them In their
present Indian difficulties, they most res
pectfully ask that he may be re-called from
the command of the Military Department of
th Pacific, and your memorialist will ever
pray.
Passed Jan. 30th, 1856.
(Signed) " ,
Speaker of House of Rcpretenta tives.
A. P. Dennisom,
President of the Council.
Thomas jtSersoa.
While this distinguished statesman aud
patriot was Vic President of the United
States, it was customary for the individual
holding the said high office, to attend to
business more in person, than the refine
ments of more modern time will allow.
It happened on one occasion that some im
portant matter required hi attention in
Philadelphia, and tome other place distant
from the Capitol. In these days a journey
to Philadelphia was not to be performed in
a few hour it was tw or three day travel,
and not of the most pleasant sort cither.
On his return he (topped in Baltimore ; it
wa about four or five in the afternoon,
when the Vice President rode up, milieu
and unattended, to tho invern. A Scotch
mnu by the name of Boyden, kept tho hotel,
of lato so much improved and now so hand
somely sustained by our worthy townsman
Beltzhoover. The bucks of the town were
assembled in the large hall, smoking, strut
ting, crncking jokes and otherwise indulg
ing in the etceteras of the day. . Boyden
was at the bar examining the books, and
doubtless making calculations in n ferenco
to hi future prospects. . Jefferson had de
livered his horse into the hands of the ostler,
and walked into tho tavern to make arrange
ments in regard to bis fare. Some oue
touched Boyden upon the elbow and direct
ed his attention lo the stranger who was
standing with bis whip in hi hand, striking
it occasionally upon his muddy leggings.
Boyden turned round and surveyed him
from head to foot, and Concluding him to be
an old farmer from th country, whose com
pany would add no credit to his house, he
aid abruptly, 'We have no room for you,
a
sir.
Jefferson did not hear the remark, and
asked if he could be accommodated with a
mom. His voice which was commatidius
aud attractive, occasioned ano'her survey of
his person by the honest proprietor of the
house, whose only cure was for its reputa
tion. He could not find, however, in his
plain dress, pretty well covered with mud,
anything indicating either weoltb or dis
tinction, and in his usual , rough style, he
said
'A room V
JefTersou replied, 'Yes, sir, I should liko
to have a room lo myself, if I can get it.',
A room, ull to yourself I no no, we
have no room there' not a spare room in
the house all full all occupied can't ac
commodate you.'
Tho Vice President turned upon hi heel,
called for his horse, which by this time was
nug in the stable mounted and rodo off.
In a few minutes one of the most wealthy
and distinguished men of the town came in
and asked for the gentleman who rode up
to the door afe.w minutes before. .
'Gunilemanl' said Boyden. 'There has
been uo gentleman here on horaeback this
afternoon, and no stranger at all, but one
common looking country follow who came
in and asked if he could have a whole room;
but I asked him out of that mighty quick,
I tell you I told him I had no roam for
such chap a him,'
'No room for such chap as him 1'
No, by th piper, no room for anybody
that don't look respectable.
'Why, what are you talking about, man r
lie's the Vice President of tht United
State.'
'Vice President of the United State 1'
xulaimed Boyden, almost broutlilust lo oc
ton ih men t,
Why, yes, lr, Thomns Jefferson, , tht
Vico President of tho United State, aud
the greulest man nlivaj.'
Murder, what have I done f Here,Tomi
Jim, Jerry, Jake ; where are you all I Here,
fly, you villuius fly nnd ti ll that genii
man we've forty room at hi lerrke !
By George I Vice President Thomas Jef
ferson ! tell him to come back and he ihall
have my wife' parlor my own room
Jupiter 1 what have I doue I Hero, Harriet,
Mary, Jule, clear out th family I ho shall
have the best room, and all tho room if ho
wanU them. Off, you hussle, put clcun
sheets on tho bed. Dill, tako up this mirror.
George, hurry up with the bout-jack. By
Gvorgo, what a mistake 1'
For fifteen miuutes Boyden raved likt a
madman, and wont fifty time to tho door
to tee if his wished for guest was returning.
fhe Vice President rode up to Market street ,
whero be was recognized by ninny of hi
acquaintances, and by them directed to tho
Globe taveru, which stood somewhere near
the corner of Market and Chart street
here Boyden' servants came up, aud told
him their master had proridod room for
him. ' -
Tell him I have engnged rooms,' said
Jefferson.
Poor Boyden' mortification can bo bet
ter llimgiuvd than described ; the chaps
who trcro loitering about the bar aud tho
largo bull, and hud luiighcd heartily at the
disappointment of the muddy farmer, hud
recovered from their astonishment, and wero
preparing to laugh ut thoir down-cast land
lord. After somo time he prevailed upon
some friend to wait on Mr. Jeffl-rson with hi
ipology, and request that he should return
and tako lodgings nt his house, promisiug
the best room, and all tho alteution should
be given him.
Mr. Jefferson returned iho following an
swer : 'Tell Mr.P.oydeu,' said ho, 'I ap
preciate his kind attentions, but if ha had uo
room for the muddy farmer, ho shall have
nouo for the Vic President.' lialtimort
Alheneum.
Tlia Labors of a Ulstarlaa.
The 12th volume of M. Theirs' history
of the French Revolution bus been publish
ed. It is to bo succeeded by threo more,
appearing at interval of threo months.
He has been employed upon tho work some
fifteen ycarst but the distinguished histor
ian excuses himself as follows :
"The work might,! acknowledge, havo
been doue aiorC quickly, but I have euch
respect for tho mission of history that tho
fear of alleging anything inexact fill me
with a sort of confusion, I take no rcposo
until 1 have discovered the proof of tho fact
which is tho object of my doubts. I seek
it wherever il can be, and I do not rest un
til I havo found it, or until I have acquired
the certainty that it does Hot exist," Un
der the influence of those scruples, tho au
thor read, re-read and noted with his own
band "the innumerable dnoumcuts contain
ed in tho archives of the State ; the thirty
thousand letters composing tho personul
correspondence of Nnpoleou ; tho Utters,
no less numerous, of his ministers, aides-de-
camp, and even of his police agents ; and,
finally, the greater part of tho manuscript
memoirs preserved in the bosom of families.
fcr The Stute of Vermont, with a popu
lation of over 300,000, pnya about $150,-
000 per annum for all the expenses of gov
ernment, or less than fifty cents n head for
her pcoplo. Shu owed at tho close of her
ist fiscal year, $48,038, and had funds to
balance this sum to the amount of $o9,3o-
Thera was in her Treasury nt the year's
eud, 810,702, and her iimiiud expenses had
been $153,127.
WaSHI.NDTON's BlBTUOAY A NATIONAL
Holiday. Tho N. Y. Commercial Adoer-
User has a long article on our National Fes
tivals, and urges the press to make a united
and earnest call upon Congress to declare
at an early day after its organization, that
Washington's birth-day shall bo heuccforth
a national holiday. We certainly hope this
appeal of our co temporary will bo heard.
Few, if any, countries have so small a num
ber of holidays as tho United States. C'Ai
cayo Journal.
(r A bill has been introduced in the
Tennessee Legislature for the purchaso of
the Hermitago by the State of Tennessee.
Tho Nashville tfio lays '.
"Tennessee should own the ground in
which repose the remains of her most illus
trious son. Tho property can now bo pur
chased on reasonable tonus, aud it should
be owned by the people. . That the people
would say so, if the decision were iu their
hands, wo havo no doubt; and wo trust
there is no doubt that their representative
will ay o too." .
G3r Thackeray says he once had an idea
of collecting all the lies tho English told
about the French and the French ubout tho
English, in the Napoleonic period but he
shrank from the task.