ijjggil(SBlSftlBSlliKWBBRiWWMIftfiBMtejaS
THE NEW AGE, PORTLAND, OREGON.
mmmm
AtAfAAVtMWA
UM
0
n
nrniATion
BY WILLIAM MINTO.
CIIAPTKIt XXI Continued. I jtilii-o sworn off nn obnoxious duty.
Itnlnli loft tlio klnu's t.ronjnco full of I Thi m it curlotm outrage on tbo lnv,
gnttltiido unil hope. Hut bo. lmd ot t 'w w "t o ctrotiB in tlio
luiirift.'imi L'uniury no 11 is now, una in
ciduntH of tlio kind were not uiicoiu
clnirgail liiniFull with Another duty, u
morn porlloiiH ono tin tbo ovi'iit proved.
In IiIh Intoruoiifc uith tliudiMiffcctud, it
lmd coitus to 1!ii1iIi'h ktiowlodKU tbtit
tbo cliiinccllor'nrclibiRlio! unHiui object
of inti'iiso and widoapoud butted; and
retnemberiiiK tlio tioi of blood, mid lliu
obligation of mjiiio m'tH of klndiiucH, bo
concuhod it to bo bis duty with wlmt
delicacy bo could, to givo tberoat man
warning of tliu threnlr" muttoredagalnnt
lilm, and to p'ead with him for concili
ation. '
All buman pnntdon concentrates it
self on human olijocto, and tbo wratb
of tbo pcaMiutry, although tbo product
of ovll institutions rather than ppccial
ly ovll men, bad fastened lUolf on a
fow great olllcials, of whom Sudbury
was tbo chief. Ho had become in tbo
popular Imagination a sort of monster,
in whom was Incarnate all tbo heart
loBsnoHH and cruelty, nil tbo chicanery
and greed from which poor men suf
fered. As tbo guardian of tbo great ccal
and chief of the king's ollkors, hold
vaguely ri'sponMblo lor everything that
went amiss, oxcessivo taxation, futile
expenditure, miscarriage of tlio wars,
Indifference to the Jut complaints of
tbo people, ho was obnoxious uuougli;
but to crown the misdeeds heaped in
discriminately on his responsibility,
bo was tbo representative of a typo
dally becoming more odious, tbo world
ly prelate, who meddled with public
affairs to tbo neglect of his spiritual
duties. Tbo worldly prolate was the
special aversion of Wycliffo, and tbo
Invectives of bin poor priests spread far
and wide tbo personal odium against
the chancellor, as the most conspicuous
example of tbo class.
Ho to Lambeth Italph went to move
tbo chancellor. His brother Reginald
warned him of tbo frultlessness of bis
mission, but in what ho considered to
bo bis duty Italph was not to bo dis
suaded, and tbo result was ho bad to
spend some weeks more In prison, this
time at iMarshalsea, being charged with
being privy to tbo designs of traitors.
CHAPTKU XXII.
Tlio sky was not clear when tbo great
utorin burst; It was thickly overcast,
dark and troubled. The signs of what
waH to come were there, if only they
could have been rightly interpreted.
Hut they woro hung out in vain, fool
ishly laughed to scorn, perversely mis
understood, prldefully tlouted and dis
regarded. Tbo clouds woro dark, It was truo,
but clouds equally dark had gathered
before and passed quietly away without
breaking in tempest. There was no
cause for alarm or extraordinary ,pre
caution. It seems incredible now that men
should have been so blind and improv
ident.
It was natural enough to mistake tbo
beginning of insurrection for tbo llnal
fling of a passing irritation at nil un
popular tax. Tbo wisest of us might
have made the same blunder Ixiforo tbo
event. That tbo poll tax, the subsidy
.of three groats, as it was called, should
bo uiiHipular was not at all surprising
or abnormal. It was only what might
have been expected. No new tix over
is popular. "It is n common usage,"
says tbo quaint translator of Frolssurt;
"nono Is gladdo to pay or to opyu their
purses if they may lotto it." Many re
fused outright to pay tbo Januaiy In
stallment of tbo tax. The government
loferred this naturally enough to the
ordinary niotlo, repugnance to open
tbo purse, a repugnance especially
strong when the Impost is of a new
kind. They did not see and wo can
not fairly hold them foolish above the
ordinary run o governments for not
seeing that It was not the weight of
this particular impost In itself that the
people felt; hat this impost was the
last straw that made the sum of their
burdens intolerable, and thus Ix'cumo
a symbol against which was directed
nil the pent-up and accumulated hatred
of a long series of years of suffering.
They failed to see this, and they failed
oven to see until too lata tbo advantage
that they gave to tbo leader of the
discontented pe.isauta in providing
them with a grievance that was com
mon, however slight, and thus furnish
ing a rallying cry, tbo force of which
could 1)0 felt by all,
Tbo payment of the January iiibtall
incut was slack, but the ruling powers
opposed a 11 rm front to this, expecting
tbo rcsistaucu to collapse, as it bad col
lapsed before, when a solid body of
organized men was opposed to loose,
incoherent assemblages of reluctant
atoms. A certain period of grace was
allowed, and then the collectors pro
ceeded to distrain. Hut the front of
tbo resistance was also tlrm. The
sheriff's otlleors wero resisted. Numer
ous rioU occuniHl all over tbo country
when tlio distress warrants were put in
execution. In Ks.-ox the resistance
was especially obstinate. Tbo govern
ment resolved to make an example of
Kssex. A commission under tbo pres
ident of thochlefjusticoof common
pleas was sent uown to try the rioters.
Tim asslie was held at Fobbing, and a
crand jury was pro ceding to tlnd truo
bills against tbo accused when an
interruption occurred. A riotftus
gathering broke into tbo court room,
chopped off the heads of thu grand jury
tnid carried them away on polos, ami
compelled tbo chief justice, on pain of
sharing the same fate, to swear that bo
would never again hold similar ses
sion. A grand jury sacrificed and chiof
ni'jii. This inlgbt be a more isolated
explosion. There was no indication as
yet of widely organized resistance.
The noyt victim of thorough instru
ments with which nature was vindicat
ing her higher law was a collector.
This ugly incident, which looked less
serious at the time than tbo outrago
at Fobbing, but which has obtained a
more prominent places in curren; his
tory owing to Ktowo's graphic, if
somewhat inaccurate account of it, oc
curred at Dartford, in Kent.
Jt occurred in tins way. In many
enses tbo persons nnniod in tlio as
sessor's roll rofuped to pay on tbo
ground of non-liability. In such casus
an appeal was allowed to tlio commis
sioner, tbo high ofllcial appointed for
each county to control tbo imposition
of the tax. Tbo commissioner for Kent
was Sir John Ixg, who bad been ono of
the esquircH of King 1'dward's house
hold, a fel low-servant in that capacity
of tbo poet Chaucer. (It is necessary
to mention this, because Leg is some
times discredited witli having been a
rulllanly tax collector. Ho was not
tbo collector, but tbo commissioner, a
very different ofllcial. Leg afterwards
fell a victim to tbo blind fury of tlio
populace, but this was owing to his
olllcial position and not to any specific
act of rulllauism.) Leg was sent down
to Dartford to hear appeals. Among
the appeals was ono on behalf of a
daughter of Wat Tyler, for whom ex
emption was claimed as being under
ago. l lie irJgntonol girl was dragged
Into court by tbo collector, and grossly
Insulted before tbo excited audienco.
'lbo insolent rulllau bad not lone to
tlona, and of armed peasants mustering
with ready obodlenco whorover tboy
carried their eager summons.
Tbo temporanco and singleness ol
purpoo displayed by tbo robels was not
less remarkable than the celerity of
their movemonts. Tyler and Ball and
.fack Straw had their tumultuous fol
lowers wonderfully in band. Tbero
was none of tlio indiscriminate slaugb
BUSINESS LOCALS.
Always ask for tbo famous General
Arthur cigar. Esberg-Ounst Cigar
Co., general agents, Portland, Or.
Everybody smokes tbo celebrated
MfinniTiim nrwl Ptlttilnrn nlirnra Tlinn
tcring and plundering of haphazard in-1 have no equal. '
surrectlon. Very few lives woro taken,
and tbero was very llttlo pillago. The r, n . , . ,i.,ii ..i. .. i
incuts, rolls and distress warrants con- J"m1 lurlor8' toattU a,ld Morrison
nocted with tlio obnoxious subsidy, and '
Eltublllhtd Jan. M889.
Incorporated July B, 1891.
Portland Coffee and Spice Go.
For the Trade Only.
Tea, Coffee, Spices, Baking Powder,
Extracts, Etc.
OUIl fil'KClAh I!11ANI3: Spice. Acme. Mult
nomah: linking l'onilerfl, Doflnnre, Douhlu
Quick ; Coffee, Koynl Illend ; Sugar, xxxx liar.
34-28 Front Strocf,
Dot. Auh and Anhony.
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Do You
Know the News ?
I Money to loan, oh furniture, pianos,
or any good securities. Notes and
moragages bought. S. W
40 Washington building.
King, room
manor rolls of sen Ho tenants containing
tbo names of villeins and tbo service:
tboy were bound to render. That the
leaders should have been nblo to raise
so hugo a gathering of armed men in
errt eli.t.f n .. u.i.tu n..nl. tnm 4 I . rt ..nr-
t . lit v t ti i .1 Ca" at 0 Caoto Saloon, corner of
feet on of their organization, and that Joffcrson nna chapman streets. Flno
having raised such undisciplined and wincs, liquors and cigars of tbo best
angry swarms, tboy wero ablo to keep j brands, and tho best brands of caBO
anger within fixed bounds, is ovidenco goods always on hand. Welnbard's
of n tinivnr nf minninnd tint ntino to boor. J. V. Camnball. nronrlotor.
. .. ,...v. -- -- ..-. .. -- -- ... . , ,
parallel. By Monday tbo loaders woro
jse
ablo to go to work at Canterbury. The
Tho Graham Manufacturing corn-
contingent they hml brought from Part-' pany manufacture all kinds of fur
ford, and tbo towns und villages along nituro, woodwork and fixtures. Oro
tholr routo, was reinforced by levioa gon 'phone, Hood 202. Nos. 370, 372,
from all tho west of Kent, from Tbanot. 374 Front strcot, corner Montgomery,
Portland, Oro.
and Whitstablo to Homney Marsh.
Moro lives might bavo beon lost if au
thority had not been so taken by sur- Fronch Dvoini and Cleaning Worlra.
prlso, panic-strickon, and robbed of all All work dono at very modrcato prices,
powor of resistance. Dyeing and cleaning of all kinds of
ladies' and gent's clothing. Morn
ing cloth dyed in 48 hours. J. Do
lean, nrnnrififni- dfifi dlianii frnnfc.
, 4-- wjr. .W.W., -w V....... ..vv.
wait for bis punlshmotit. The girl's
father was at work on tho roof of a
uelghbo ing house, and some ono ran
at oncu and told him. Tyler caught
up a holviug-hammer, and hurried,
boiling with rage, to call tbo collector
to account. Tho collector "answered
witli stout words," and struck at him,
whoroupon tho tiler, avoiding tbo
blow, raised his bammor and smoto tlio
collector with such forco that "tho
brains flow out of his head." Tlio peo
ple woro wild with joy over this lawless
actofjustl.ee; Sir John Leg and his
assessors had to lice for their lives.
This took pbico in Whitstin week, on
Wednesday, tho 6th of Juno, when tho
collectors wero busy, and popular ex
citement ran high in every hundred,
It was a serious defiance of tbo law, but
tho autlinrltlos at headquarters wero
not yet seriously alarmed. J Hero was
nothing yet beyond tho bleating that
might bo expected when tbo sheep wero
being shorn. bat reason was tbero
to bellow) that tho sheep would prove
themselves capable of combining
against their shearers? That this un
expected thing was, howovor, possible,
was speedily demonstrated. Tho
miracle rapidly unfolded itsolf be I oro
tho oyes of wondering and panic
stricken authority. In o few days tho
Isolated jots of discontent bad combined
and becomo a boiling flood, and tho
strongholds of tho upper classes,
"compassed round with turbulent
sound," wero like rocky islets in an
angry s'n.
Wo shall never know whether It was
infatuated foolhardlness or more chance
that brought tho law in tho vory nick
of time into direct personal collision
with tho man who had been cIicsjii to
lead tbo Insurrection, Bo this as it
may, within a week of the alleged oc
currence, Wat Tyler was threatening
tho capital with ono hundred thousand
men at his back, and In every county
of Ktiglaud local leaders wore dictating
terms to tho lords of tho soil in his
name.
Tho full magnitude of tho rising
revealed itself with startling rapidity.
To the authorities who looked on from
Loudon, seeing it grow bigger day after
day, yet each day inclined to boliow.
that It had reached its height, tho
morrow was nlwnva a surprise, and a
great surprise, so hugo wero the strides
with which tho insurrection advanced.
There wero riots at Dartford and at
Gravt'sond on Wednesday in Whitsun
week, mere casual brawls, as it ap
peared, within familiar limits. On
Thurdsay tho mob nf (iravesend
marched over to Dartfo-d, and helped
the local mob in wrecking tbo bouse
of a collector and burning his tax-rolls.
On Friday tbo combined m ihs, led by
Wat Tyler, marched on ltoohestor, rais
ing tho ;ountry as they wont. A serf
had been claimed in Gravosond bv tho
agents of Sir Simon Hurley u few days
before, carried off by forco, and im
prisoned in llochester castle. The
object of tbo rioters war said to bo the
rescue of this victim of fraud and forco,
A riotous attack on tbo capital town
of a dlocvso was a grave but not an
unprecedented breach of tho poaco.
Not till Saturday did it begin to look
as If tho rioters had larger designs, and
tbo riot was assuming tho dimensions
of an insurrection. Kochester castlo
was one of tho strongest castles in Eng
land, and tho mobs that surged round
Its massive walls wero apparently un
able to break in. But instead of
abandoning tbo enterprise and return
ing home, a picked body of thorn
marched on in tho direction of Canter
bury, und tho rumor run as they ad
vanced tho populations of tbo villages
on their routo met them with open
arms and iolnod them in their march.
This looked serious, and -mora
threatening siihr-tho news camo in of
moaaengers ridiug hard in all dlrec-
Tbolr business at Canterbury was
soon dispatched. Tho gnto.s woro open
ed by tbo inhabitants, and a rush was
made at onco for tho houses of tho high
collector for tho county and tho sheriff.
Their lives wero spared on condition
that they surrender their documents
tbo instruments of tho obnoxious
tax. Fires wero lighted, and the pons-!
ants looked on, and cheered and hooted'
with frantic joy ns subsidy rolls and ,
green wax writs, parchment alter
parchment, was drawn from their
bnxos, pitched into tho flames and
burned to ashes.
Beyond this demonstration of wrath
against tho poll tax very llttlo damago
i'tm flritwt nttiti'tm.l v Ittrl'i nniialilnrtnif '
the amount of turbulent rascality that ,
might bavo found its chanro in such a
commotion. It is a significant fact
that tho shrine of St. Thomas, en
riched with tbo offerings of thousands
of pilgrims, was loft untouched. If tho
motives of leaders capablo of organiz
ing insurrection on such a ecale had
been porsonal ambition, tboy would not
bavo failed to solzo upon such a treas
ure to provldo themselves with tho
sinows of war. Fow of Edward's
knights, accustomed to tho plundering
habits of tho timo, could havo resisted
the temptation.
Tho capture of Canterbury was an
audacious act, but ono still moro au
dacious was to follow. Ixmdon wa.
their noxt object.
Tbo advanco on London slmwod tho
same judgment and stratcglo skill that
marked all tho proceedings of tho in
surgents till tho death of Tylor. It
was not without roasou that Walslng
ham, an unwilling witness, described
hi in as "ningiio sonsu pracditus."
Tbero woro two points at which tho
movemont of such a horde as tho in
surgent peasants might easily havo
boon checked, Bochestor and Maid
stone Both woro soizod without loss
of timo.
Whllo Straw crossed tho river to
gather and lead tho men of Essex
towards the capital, tho Kentish in
stirgent8 loft Canterbury early on Tues
day morning in two divisions, ono go
ing towards Maidstone, and the other
towards Hochostor. Tho fortresses of
both places wero in their possession bo
ioro night.
Then both divisions moved forward
on London, tbolr numbers growing at
every in Ho. For such a mob tbo order
liness of its behavior was marvellous.
Manor houses woro broken open, and
com t rolls, tho registers of servltudo,
wero burned; but lives wero spared,
and property, oxrept in Ferfs, was re
spected. Tho leaders of tho insurgents
seem to havo exhorted them as claim
ants for justice to bIiow respect for or
der, and to havo enforced their exhort
ations'by making summary examplo of
transgressors. Probably fewer out
rages wero perpetrated by tho peasant
mob than ny any body of tho King's
fori es on their way to tho sea coast.
Tho proprietors of tho Oregon
Bakory, cornor Fourteenth and Fland
ors 8ts., Portland, aro both old and ex
perienced bakers, men who woro foro
mon In tbo beat shops on tbo coast, and
who make a superior loaf of bread of
any kind. Pullmnn loaves a special
We want your trade. Music half
price; musical instruments of all
kinds, cash or installments. II. II.
Wright, wholesale and rotail dealer in
music ami musical mcrchaiidiso.
Tho Music building, 319 Wasighnton
Btrcct, Portland, Oregon.
EDWARD HOLMAN
UNDERTAKER
Fourth and Yamhill Sts.
BOTH PHONES NO. 607
RENA STINSON, Lidr AllllUnt.
1
t Per.
You can have tt all (or
Month
50c
Per
Month
In The KvcnlnK Telegrnm, of Portland,
Oregon. It l the Inw it evening nora
papcr published la Orceins It coiitiilns
nil tho tiowot the statu and of the na
tion. Try It for a month. A snrnplo
copy will bo mailed to you free. Address
THE TELEGRAM,
Portland, Oregon.
L. W. CA UNAHAN. Vrcsldont.
C. II. (lAKDNKIt, Vlco 1'rcsldunt.
V. W. TK11HY, Treasurer.
Portland Implement Co.
JOHN DEERE PLOWS,
HARROWS, ETC.
FARM MACHINERY
AND VEHICLES.
W. I. .McCadb,
Seattle.
E. h. Hamilton,
Tftcomo.
PicINc Rt,nll Compiny.
Manufacturers of badges,
banners, lodgo regalia and
Portland, Oregon.
buttons,
supplies.
The Pioneer Paint Co.
Tho firm of F. E. Beach & Co.,
cornor of First and Alder streets, is
ho oldest established concern in
tbo paint mid oil business in tbo
Northwest. For over 20 years this
hoiiEO lias maintained its roputation
for roliablo business dealings with
all patrons. F. E. Beach & Co. car
ry tho highest grades of paints, oils
and varnishes. They also liandlo all
builders' materials, and no order is
too small to rccoivo prompt atten
,.
188-194 Front Street, Portland, Ore,
PARK GROCERY.
A. J. JONKS, Proprietor.
Iletall Dcnlor la
STAPLE AND FANCY GROCERIES
And All Kinds of Imported Delicacies.
21 N. Park Street,
PORTLAND, OREGON
H'GABE & HAMILTON
.. STEVEDORES ..
PUGET SOUND
Also Honolulu, H. I.
Homd Of floes Tmoonta, Wmah.
Cable Address: ,McCAM!
GRACIE, BEAZLEY & CO., Agents
14 Water Street, Liverpool.
S. W. ROBINSON.
COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHER
301 Morrison Street.
Developing:, Printing' and
Mounting- for Amateurs
A Specialty.
Largest Selection of Pacific Coast
Views.
BROMIDE ENLARGEMENTS.
riionca: Oregon Main 770., Columbia 420.
TheLAGRANDE CREAMERY COMPANY
BUTTER, EGOS
AMD OHEESE.
All goods wliolesalo and retail.
204 Yamhill St., nr. Third, TortUnd.Or
I
nut
DON'T GUESS AT IT.
If you aro going East wrlto us
for our rates and lot us tell you about
! tho service nnd accomodations offered
. by tho Illinois Central Railroad.
ThroiiKh tourist cars vln tho Illinois
Central from Pacific Coast to Chicago
and Cincinnati. Don't fall to wrlto
us about your trip, as wo aro In a po
sition to plvo you Bomo valuablo In
formation nnd assistance G319 miles
of track, over which Is operated some
of' tho finest trains in tho world.
For particulars regarding freight or
passengor rates, call on or address:
B. II. TRUMBULL,
Commercial Agont.
J. C. LINDSEY, T. F. & P. A.,
142 Third street, Portland, Or.
(To bo comluiio.l)
Digest Vessel Afloat.
Tlio five master now Iming built for
Mo-srs. F. LiioIm! of Hamburg will,
when completed, bo tbo la goat failing
ship atloat. Pho will bo named tho
I'roushou, her designated dUphicomont
Uiltig 12,000 tons and registered ton
nage 8 000. Tho German built vetsol
exceeds in tonnage any of thoAnieri an
llvo masters and oven exceeds tho 60en
masted steel ndiooner now under c in
struction at tho yards of tho Koro Rivor
Ship k Kngino company at Qulncy,
Mass., which has u displacement of
10,000 tons.
DuKt as a Bear Tamer.
Tho Duko of Gallaraui, Prince of
Molfotta, recently ontored a cage con.
tabling four Polar bears belonging to
tho Bernard menacerio, which is at
prcsmt staying at Milan. Ilu pro
vokod tho animals, which roaicd furl
ously, but they wero roon mastered,
and heathen put them through several
exercises. On coming out of tlio cage
tbo prince was heartily cheered.'
Blissful Ijnorance.
Mrs, Hayrlx (at city hotel) Hiram,
what's this hero "patty do frco grass"
on tho bill o fare?
llayrix Now, Miranda, keep your
mouth shut, an' don't show your iguo
rauco. That's Fronch for celery.
A" Hint
He (nervously) Who is that tramp
ing around overhead?
She That's papa; he always gets
restless towards morning. Town ami
Country.
FREDERICKSBURG
MUSIC HALL.
SEVENTH AND ALDER STREETS
Our
Friends aro All Cordially Invited
To Attend.
BROWN & GRANT.
g)
i y, - JaBlBF nJ1
eg
mv&vi2
Tbo Limited," evening train, and The Express,"
coon train, from Ooiaba for Chicago.
UNEXCELLED SERVICE
Day train and evening train from Omaha for
Minneapolis and St. Vaul
Tickets of ageaU of connecting line.
V. It MULL, OUt. ra&t'r Act., Omaha.
a, B. hamson. a.poZ jTf. mkhrv, a.oju.
CkiMaa. Dubuaaa.
For particulars regarding freight or
passenger rates, call ou or addrosa
I). II. TRUMBULL,
Commercial Agent.
J. O. LINDSEY, T. F. & P. A.,
143 Third St., Portland, Of.
Loewenberg & Going Company
MANUFACTURERS OF AND DEALERS IN
Stove Ranges,
Hollowware
Household...
Specialties...
Handled by AH First
Class Dealers...
Royal Steel Ranges Are
the Best and Cheapest
in the Market,
PORTLAND, OREGON
BUSHEL " 111 ' '
v w Jar jr HEiHgfrlfaWit
29 to 233 Tmylor Street
tmm to 194 Saoond Street
DRIINK THE FAMOUS
ATeinlxardL's Beer
For Sale at All the Principal Saloons
Brewery ana Offlcm "'iZZtfZ&JIZ?""'
THE He Ce ALBEE COMPANY
.... DEALERS IN....
Second Hand Machinery
PORTLAND, OREGON.
260 Emmt Water Street.
Zimmerman -Wells Machinery Co.
Incorporated.
Marine, Mining, Saw Mill; Logging, Wood Working;, Holding and Trans- .
mission Machinery. Engineers' and Loggers' Supplies. Agents A Lescbea
& Sons Rope Co Celebrated Hercules Wire Rope, R. N.-Nanson ot Cos Lu
bricating Oils and Compounds.
41-43 SECOND STREET. PORTLAND, OREGON
Any Sli.
Any Quantity
Am j atjrL
MACKINTOSHES, KUBBER AND OIL CLOTHING
Rubb.r Boot. nd Bho.i, Helling, Packing- and Hoc.
Larfttt and Most Complete Auortment ot all Klndi of Rubber Good.
QOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY
ft. at. rXABK, f reildeut. F. M. SHEtARD. JB., Trtasurcr J. A. SHKPAKD, atonta?
73-75 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON.
Th& E' C' ATKINS CO.
Atkins Saws are
Always
Ahead.
I mwiim vwmi tm mnmm.
Ms. Wtrmt Street,
i