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THE NEW AGkH; POKTXAND, OBEChKET.
iv
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ARCTIC RESEARCH
A Young Prince of the House of Savoy Reaches ;
the Farthest Point North Yet Touched.
rrrlWHK Is a fascination about Arc
jftlc exploration which nullities the
dangers and privations, and Im
pels adventurous men to bravo the ter
rors of the fmsron solitudes and nations
In Bcncrout rivalry to send expedition
nftcr expedition to wrest from the lee
locked boxoni of the North the secret
which It has guarded successfully since
the creation of the world. Little by
little, one degree after nuothcr has
jicldcd to the determined heroism of
iniui, but the koiiI Is still IKK) miles dis
tant. It Is doubtful If tlio contribution
to science and geographical knowledge
resulting from tho discovery of the
North 1'ole would be commcusurato
with the awful Ioks of life and vast ex
pense nttendlng the effort to reach It.
Hut love of adveiituie, honorable ambi
tion to achieve what so many have fall
ed to accomplish, mid man's conquer
ing spirit which cannot rest whllu any
obstacle remains to overcome, have In
duced scores of attempts which hither
to hnvc failed of t ho main purpoKC, but
have not weakened the determination
of others to battle with the awful noil-
den Instead of oblique circles as here."
There will be nothing to designate the
pole when It Is reached, except the ob
servations which 11 x the geographical
point. The explorer takes frequent ob
servations of the suu along his route to
detcrinluo his latitude and longitude.
Ity computation he should know when
ho has reached the earth's apex.
The series of observations nre after
waid corrected whenever the exploring
party reaches the base of operations or
wherever the standard chronometer Is
left. Teary, for example, who Is now
In the north, and may have reached tlio
pole, has with him six chronometers
rated for different times, and showing
tirccuwlch mean time, Washington
mean time, and one rated nt some con
venient camp, and Indicating the local
time of that place. Ity this chrono
meter his more northern observations
would be computed, with corrections or
errors added or eliminated, this to Indi
cate precisely the places of observation.
Again, when civilization Is reached the
observations would be again computed
with astronomical observations made
stance pickpocket, a professional beg.
gar, or a habitual "drunk and disorder
ly? Is brought up for his or her fourth
on fifth conviction. It is proved beyend
doubt that he or she Is Incapable of per
forming the duties, and therefore; of
exercising tho rights, of a free cltlsen;
sentence Is passed for the last time, a
term of Imprisonment is Imposed which
Is really a preparation for the new life
which the hopeless case, the piece '.of
human refuse, Is to lead:
"At tho expiration of your sentence
you will be placed In relegation," 'says
the Judge. .
That means banishment for life. The
criminal never sees his old haunts,
never mixes with his old companions
again save In exile. It will no longer
be possible or him to commit crime,
or to contaminate the society which has
now finished with him. Moreover, he
has got to work, and If ho won't do
that, ho will And his food cut down and
himself In a prison, which Is made Just
nbout as uncomfortable for him as It
can be.
Franco possesses two of these dump
ing grounds for human refuse, as they
may be called. One is French (Julariu.
which Is nbout one of tho bent places
'In the, world to get out of and stay
awny from. The other Is the Isle of
Pines, which Is a coral-frlngcd paradise
GRAVEYARDS OF GOLD.
LarsaQnantltleaof the Preclottt Matat
litdden la Jadla and China.
Gold everywhere rapidly vanishes
out of sight, but nowhere as rapidly as
In India and China. These two coun
tries are looked on as veritable grave
yards of gold. Thomas Jefferson Hur
ley, of the American Institute of Min
ing Engineers states In, a recent publi
cation that every year a great yellow
stream flows Into both of these coun
tries. This stream is never ending.
The money does not reappear In In
dian banks. The soil of Hludoostau
absorbs It, even as the desert swallows
the overflow of great rivers. This work
of gold absorption In Asia has been go
lug on for centuries and still continues.
Treasures of gold Incalculable In value
are hidden in India. This gold Is ster
ile. Once placed In hiding It never
emerges. It Is consequently lost, as
far as good to humanity Is concerned.
In the regency of Bombay alone 12,
000,000 gold sovereigns, or $00,000,000,
are concealed. Hundreds upon bun
dled." of other millions nre elsewhere
throughout tho famine wasted laud se
curely hoarded. Every class of Hin
doos Is given to gold hoarding.
"Even the gods of India," remarked
a writer In the Courier des Etats Unls,
rtfrt t'nPV f 1,1,1 rf rmtit 'f1lnl, ...lilutln
far away In tho Smith Tncl.le, onuf f , tf , J '
the most beautiful snots ever trodden . .. ... ... .. '. .. v
, . . ,... .. , , ..., , uuuuieni 10 me uivine can, it comes
" r ",Tn ;,:,. r"1" "' ,UC rippling from nil points, until It reach-
Any Style
r 'Anr'niii AnJr'Qaatitlty
MACKINTOSHES, BUBBKR AlfpIfc. CLOTHING
nuniier Boot ana iinoea, nailing, raeaina; ana note.
Largest and Moit Complete Auortracnt of all Kindt of Robber flood.
OOODYEAR RUBBER COMPANY
R. H. PEASE, r-reildent. F. M. BIIKl'ARD, JR.. Treasurer J. A. SUKPARD, Secretary
73-75 FIRST STREET, PORTLAND, OREGON. x
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Columbia
Hartford
Vedette
BICYCLES
iooi PRICES.
...; V TV . i '. es the sacred pnruls. It accumulates In
Their working day Is abou seven hc b can passages of the tern-
hours and n half T'oy nre well trc.it: ,,,, ,0 wch tJ prleg8ts a,one bttyo
ed, well fed, and by no means over-
r p. I
DUKE ABRUZZI'S ROUTE TO THE POLAR REQIONS.
MmmmmmmmmMnmmMmmmmmammaam :
mw i mmmrmr'-mm' -ht :
jB Jfffrl Slr fj - w J lCt k. V K a in a rtaljlL eaMHfaSjMeLarJiBa! t h
.EgggM.! rfri Yl dV ij "" I rHILYUAmM BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBVBBBBBBBaBBBBBSaBBBtaaBBBBBBBV ela
nccess. Thence It ovcitlows and takes
Its phico like a proud conqueror upon
tho altars, where It shares with thu
gods tho Incense and the homage of the
men It has bewitched,"
It Is Indeed slgnlllcnnt that while half
(of mauklnd devotes liBelf eagerly to
inn nuurcu ui goiu uie iiiuuoo anu uai
nese multitudes give every energy to
keeping It out of sight or out or uio
and circulation. India and China ire
not. however, the only gold nlisorbers
on earth. There Is In every country
a teudoucy In gold to get out of view
and remain hidden,
Tho treasury olllclals nt Washington
estlmnte that $10,000,000 In gold Is ov
cry year used In tho arts nnd $30,0u0,.
000 In Jewelry nud plate. Since tho re
sumption of specie payments In liTU
5:100,000,000 in gold has disappeared
from circulation. The Hunk or Hugland
Is stated to bo poorer by $100,000,000 In
gold since 181)7. France l.kowlse re
ports an luuncuse decrease In gold,
both coined nud reserve. Other coun
tries have like stories to tell.
An linineuHo quantity of gold monoy
Is taken out of America by travelers.
The net annual loss In this regard is
estimated at $000,000 to $800,000, niak
lug In twenty-live years a total shrink
age of 120,000,000. Inquiries mado of
45,000 firms aud Individuals throughout
the country show a total consumption
of gold coin by manufacturers, Jewel
ers, dentists, etc., of $3,500,000 a year.
The total stock of gold In the country
was, at the beginning or last August,
$1,053,518,802. v
Mr. Hurley Is convinced thaTne
world's output of gojd will continue to
Increase oven bcyoHd tho 'Immense
yields of to-day. Now processes nro to
duy sav.lng gold which It was Impossi
ble to save ten years ago. "Wo pre
dict." ho adds, "that within tho noxt
twenty years Alaska aud the Canadian
Northwest Territory win ylold over $1,
000,000,000 aud that by li)25 they wlU
Lhave a population of over 1,000,000."
Cincinnati Commercial Trlbuno.
AMERICAN BICYCLE CO.
COLUMBIA SALES DEP'T
132-134 Sixth Street, .
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Built to Ride
They are the beat Bicycles possi
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COLUMBIA, Models 72 and 73,
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COLUMBIA, Models (15 and GO,
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COLUMBIA, Models H3 and 04,
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COLUMBIA, Models 5ft and 00,
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HARTF0RDS, Modols 27 and 28, 86.00
HARTFORDS, Models 2.1 and 24, 30.00
PENNANTS, Models 31 and 32, 20.00
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975.00
50.00
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WOLF & ZWICKER Iron Works
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Steel and Wood Ship Builders.
Manufacturers of Saw and Shingle Mill Machinery. Boilers, Engines, rtead
Itlocks, Logging Engines and Loggers' Supplies. Steel Riveted Pipes (or Flames
ind Dry Kilns. Iron. Semi-Steel and Brass Castings for all purposes. Special
ttoniion given to all kinds of ropairs. Agents for Magnolia Anti-Friction Metal.
Aeon ruivnt y 1. iiui.mk
I'rfildant Maiiag
ger
II. P. hTUlCKTAND
Secretary
R. V. ANKENY
Trcaiurer
Z
tudes, terrible rigors, and enormous
dllliculllcti of thu tin known North.
The latest expedition has beeu the
most successful of nil. Tho Duke of
AhrtiKxl, a young scion of Italian, royal
ly, bus rvwully rvturnvd from a voyage
of exploration which ponotruted fur
ther Into the polar regions than man
has ever beeu before to tho knowledge,
of the world. I'lveii Nauseu, tho In
trepid, who, until Ahruxxl's voyage had
the honor of going farthest north, did
not get nearer than 2tU) mile of tlio
(Nile, a distance, to bo sure, less than
from New York to Buffalo, but It) min
utes of latitude, or twenty mile, short
of Ahruxxl's highest point. This does
not seem to be a great advance, but it
Is a distinct achievement aud brings
the pole tuctity miles nearer than ever
before, and represents an achievement
which uuver before crowned tho en
dcavors of man. The nearer 0110 ap
proaches tho pole, the greater tho dlltl
cultliH), To advance 11 single tulle Is
often a physical Impovslblllty on ac
count of the Ice barrier. Twenty miles
may represent the labor of weeks un
der conditions which would appall any
but the stoutest hearta and exhaust till
but the moHt robust physiques.
II10 North l'ot Ueacrlltcd.
What Is thu North Polo about which
m much Is heard 1 An answer to this
question Is found herewith: It Is sim
ply the mathematical point which
marks the northern termination of tho
axis of tlio earth. It Is a place wheru
there aie IHl degrees of latitude, or
tunic, and :'.! dcgiees of longitude, or
none at all, Jum as one prefers to look
at It, A man standing at the North
1'ole would hac to go south whichever
way he htcppvd. There is no north, 110
eaht 110 wct Should he stand at the
)Kle for a ,otu- he would have but one
night nud one day. The suu would lUe
tm March 21 and set 011 Sept. 21, not to
rUe until the following March. "After
rUlug," sas a writer, "the suu would
circle through the heavens as If rolling
along the horlxou, ascending eery
twenty-four bonis a little higher, until
011 June 21 It would be ll dcgiees
above the horlxou. Then It would grad
ually sink uutll suitM't. Sept, 21, Dur
ing the night at the pole all the heaven
ly bod leu would luuvo lu horlxoutul dr
at Washington, aud would then be add
ed to tho various nautical tables that
are supplied to maritime nations. That
an explorer had reached tho pole could
be proved from his observations, aud
would resohe Itself to a .matter of
mathematical calculation.
Oilier i:ieitltlon.
Intense Interest Is felt In tho result
of the Investigations being made at the
present time, In which so many nation
alities are Interested. Lieut. Peary will
probably be thu tlrst to bo heard from
among those who during thu past sum
mer have Ih'cii engaged lu efforts to
reach tho limit of latitude. Ills expe
dition operates from his uorthermost
supply on Western Greenland, from
which ho was scheduled to maku a 400
mllo dash for the pole.
The Uusslan expedition, which has
been equipped for tho discovery or tho
pole, has winter quarters lu Matthew
Strait nud Its main objectlvo Is Nova
y.emblu, with possible udvauceti farther
northward,
The Norwegian expedition now Is
supposed to bo locked lu tho vicinity or
the pole. It Is under tho commaud or
Cnpt. Otto Svordrup, tho .Indomitable
lieutenant or Kxplorer Nanseu, and tho
noted Krnm Is tho vessel ou which tho
expedition balled,
A German oxinMltlon under the com
mand or Capt. Hauediuhihl of tlio Gor
man Imperial navy, has started In a
small schooner with the determination
to reach tho North Pole.
Tho last heard from the Danish expe
dition of which I.leut. Audrup Is In
command, was that It had reached 74&
degree north latitude ou the east coast
of Greenland.
The KolthotT expedition Is lu the
same vicinity and after exploring Sa
bine Ultuul, proposes making a dash
northward,
Robert Stein Is exploring tho un
known territory of Kllrtuiere land on his
own account.
FRENOH METHOD.
Whereby llutiltual CrlmlunU Arc
Forced to I'cvome Ooo4 Cltliett.
In France they manage the habitual
criminal question better thun In any
other couutry lu the world. For la-
worked. Of course, very row or them
know anything about 11 trade. Thelt
only Idea lu lire has beeu to loaf from
tho cradle to the grave. Those who can
never be mado Into workmen or work
women nro put on the fields, farms and
coffee plantations. Others ate taught
trades, and gradunlly the aimless, shift
less loafer of the slums becomes a more
or less skillful carpenter, blacksmith,
wheelwright or stonemason.
Compressed Air Ibr Canal I.ouk.
On tho Krle canal at Lockport, N, Y
11 pneumatic balance lock Is being sub
stituted fot a flight of old-fusulonctf
stuuo locks, says tho Youth's Compnii
Ion. Tho uew lock consists or two steel
chamber one for ascending and the
other for descending boats. Kach cham
ber Is divided Into two parts, an upper
one containing water to receive the
boats and u lower one containing com
pressed air ou which the upper cham
ber floats. When n Ivoat bus been run
Into the upper chamber It is either low
ered or raised, as may be desired, by
tilling or exhausting the ulr chamber
beneath it
Where Peter tlio Great IjodjteHt. "
In the quaint town of .aurudaui, la
Holland, Peter the Great camo lu 1097
to leuru the trade of shipbuilding. He
worked like any ordinary workman,
under the name of Peter Mlchaelhoff.
He lived by himself, doing his own
washing and cooking his own meals In
his hut or two rooms. Tho cottage,
which now leans lu all directions, still
contains the rude furniture which the
great Peter used a bedstead, table and
two chairs. It Is Incased In a bulldtug
erected for the purpose aud over the
mantel U a tablet erected by Alexander
of Uussta In 1814.
Snake aa a lUt-Cntutior.
One uf the men employed at the xoo
logical gardens lu New York has u
black snako that has the run of his
house. It has the reputation of being
tho best rut catcher lu the eutlre bor
ough of the Bronx, It Is aUo a family
pet.
It Is folly to draw u bill ou a bllad
, uiau pa) able at sight. ,
RECENT INVENTIONS.
An Englishman has designed a clock
mechanism for attachment to a gas Jet
to extinguish It automatically at any
desired time, a shaft being clamped
to tho gas key to turn It as soon as the
train revolves far enough to release the
spring driving the shaft.
Mustaches are mado to curl In the
proper direction by the use of a uow
celluloid device, consisting of a comb
to be Inserted In the hairs closo to the
Up, with tlcxlblo ends around which
the ends or tho mustache are twisted
ami fastened to guide thenr'.
Beefsteaks and other meats are
quickly made tender by a Mlssourlau'a
Invention, having two toothed rollers
sot In a frame to be revolved by a
crank attached to ouo of them, the
meat belug passed back and forth be
tween the rolls until it Is tender.
Bread and cukes can bo evenly baked
by the use of a new oven, having
shelves arranged on a rotary shuft to
bo revolved by a clock mochanlsm and
bring the bread In proximity to the top
and bottom or the oven In turn, thus
equallxlug tho heat on all sides.
lu a now thread-cutter, designed by
au Illinois woman, a steel ring or the
proper size to slip over the thimble car
ries a uotched plate ou one side, with a
cutting blade set In the bottom, a short
projection being placed on the luslde of
the ring to eugage oue of the Indent
tlons or the thlmhlo.
Pictures can bo easily adjusted on
tho wall by a uow hanger, formed of a
Hat strip of metal, with curved ends, to
be attached to the back or the frame,
with teeth In tho under sldo of the
strip, which eugage a sl'dlug ring sus
pended from tho wall, each tooth
changing the uugle of tho picture.
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IRON AND BRASS FOUNDERS MACHINISTS & BLACKSMITHS
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A. H. AVER It.... Manager. PORTLAND. OREGON.
ii
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KnglUti lUcea IiCail ia Polltica.
If we except the provinces of the
Netherlands, the Swiss cautons au
such tiny city states as Mouuco aud
Sau Marino, which retalu their nnclout
Institutions, there la not a uatiou on
earth making auy pretense to freedom I
aud cUlllsatlou which has not a con
stitution In great measure copied with
in the present evutury either from Eu
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whother willingly or uot, does the civ.
Illxed world coHfcaa the primacy ol
the English race lu Butters political.
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