4A
THE DAILY ASTORIAN • TUESDAY, AUGUST 30, 2016
WORLD
IN BRIEF
Good boy! Dogs may know what you’re saying
Associated Press
IS buried
thousands in
mass graves
HARDAN, Iraq — Sur-
rounded by lames, the sound of
gunshots echoing around him,
the young man crouched in the
creek for hours, listening to the
men in his family die.
On the other side of the
mountain, a survivor peered
through binoculars as the hand-
cuffed men of neighboring vil-
lages were shot and then buried
by a waiting bulldozer. For six
days he watched as the extrem-
ists illed one grave after another
with his friends and relatives.
Between them, the two
scenes of horror on Sinjar
mountain contain six burial sites
and the bodies of more than 100
people, just a small fraction of
the mass graves Islamic State
extremists have scattered across
Iraq and Syria.
The Associated Press has doc-
umented and mapped 72 of the
mass graves, the most compre-
hensive survey so far, with many
more expected to be uncovered
as the Islamic State group’s ter-
ritory shrinks. In Syria, AP has
obtained locations for 17 mass
graves, including one with the
bodies of hundreds of members
of a single tribe all but extermi-
nated when IS extremists took
over their region. For at least 16
of the Iraqi graves, most in terri-
tory too dangerous to excavate,
oficials do not even guess the
number of dead. In others, the
estimates are based on memories
of traumatized survivors, Islamic
State propaganda and what can
be gleaned from a cursory look
at the earth. Still, even the known
victims buried are staggering —
from 5,200 to more than 15,000.
Sinjar mountain is dotted
with mass graves, some in terri-
tory clawed back from IS after
the group’s onslaught against the
Yazidi minority in August 2014.
Comic Wilder
kept serious
side of camera
LOS ANGELES — Revered
as a comedic and storytell-
ing genius by Hollywood’s top
entertainers, Gene Wilder was a
humble man who downplayed
his comic gifts, was a serious
director and remained deferen-
tial to his longtime collaborator,
Mel Brooks.
“I am him in fantasy,” Wilder
once said of playing the lead in
Brooks’ ilms.
After Wilder’s death was
announced Monday, Brooks
called his colleague “one of the
truly great talents of our time.”
“He blessed every ilm we
did together with his special
magic and he blessed my life
with his friendship,” Brooks
said in a statement.
Wilder died Sunday night of
complications from Alzheimer’s
disease at age 83. His nephew,
Jordan Walker-Pearlman, said
Wilder was diagnosed with the
disease three years ago, but kept
the condition private so as not to
disappoint fans.
Borbala Ferenczy/MR Research Center
Some trained dogs involved in a study to investigate how dog brains pro-
cess speech sit around a scanner in Budapest, Hungary. Scientists have
found that dogs use the same brain areas as humans to process language.
A study published in the journal Science showed that dogs process words
with the left hemisphere and use the right hemisphere to process intonation.
BERLIN — Scientists have found
evidence to support what many dog
owners have long believed: man’s best
friend really does understand some of
what we’re saying.
Researchers in Hungary scanned
the brains of dogs as they were listen-
ing to their trainer speaking to determine
which parts of the brain they were using.
They found that dogs processed
words with the left hemisphere, while
intonation was processed with the right
hemisphere — just like humans.
What’s more, the dogs only reg-
istered that they were being praised
if the words and intonation were pos-
itive; meaningless words spoken in
an encouraging voice, or meaningful
on game day favorites
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Washington
state to get
notice of oil
train shipments
SPOKANE — Emergency
responders in communities
along oil train routes in Wash-
ington state will start receiving
notice of the shipments this fall.
The
Spokesman-Review
reported that terminals, rein-
eries and other facilities that
receive crude oil by rail must
begin notifying the state Depart-
ment of Ecology in advance of
shipments under a new rule. The
state will relay the information
to local emergency responders.
Gov. Jay Inslee says that after
recent oil train disasters, the state
wants to improve public safety
and protect the environment.
Typically, two or three oil
trains per day transport volatile
crude from the Bakken oil ields
through Spokane and Spo-
kane Valley en route to west-
ern Washington. A consultant
warned oficials that a derail-
ment or ire in downtown Spo-
kane would pose severe chal-
lenges for responders, including
the possibility of train cars fall-
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buildings.
words in a neutral tone, didn’t have the
same effect.
“Dog brains care about both what
we say and how we say it,” said lead
researcher Attila Andics, a neurosci-
entist at Eotvos Lorand University in
Budapest. “Praise can work as a reward
only if both word meaning and intona-
tion match.”
Andics said the indings suggest
that the mental ability to process lan-
guage evolved earlier than previously
believed and that what sets humans
apart from other species is the inven-
tion of words.
“The neural capacities to process
words that were thought by many to
be uniquely human are actually shared
with other species,” he said. “This sug-
gests that the big change that made
humans able to start using words was
not a big change in neural capacity.”
By FRANK JORDANS
and ALICIA CHANG
Associated Press
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