AN AFTERNOON WITH THE COWS.
A raw Mote About lha Orvateal Dairy
Taa That Ear Wu,
If anvthing cau bt determined posi
tively m to which is the beet dairy cow,
tt ought to be this summer at the World's
fair grounds. Such a thoroughgoing
tud extended trial was novor before
made in the records of cheese and butter
history. Three breeds of cows Jersey,
iuensey and Shorthorn are each
claimed by their advocates to be tho best
dairy breed. The associations of breed
ers of these respective varieties selected
83 of the best specimens of their cows
from all over the country and entered
tliem for this six months' test Dr. S.
M. fiabcock of Babcock milk test fame
is one of the commissioners to watch the
cows night and day and see that all is
d oue fairly. The commissioners witness
the weighing out of rations for 73 cows
three times a day, beginning at 5 o'clock
In the morning. They must also witness
the weighing of every pound of milk,
the making of every pound of cheese
and butter.
The cows entered were those calving
at nearly the same time on the exposi
tion grounds. The contention will be as
to which breed of cows yields the most
butter and cheese at the least expense of
feed.
My afternoon with the World's fair
cow wae oue of the most interesting of
any visits at the exposition. They were
beauties, those cows. First I visited the
Guernseys. The enthusiastic superin
tendent. Professor Caldwell of the
Pennsylvania Agricultural college, kind
ly escorted me through the Guernsey
stables. Here I saw some of Vice Presi
dent Morton's cows from the famous
Ellerslie herd that I visited last fall. The
Guernsey people make this distinctive
claim for tho animal they believe to lie
the coming cow that she will make the
most butter at the least expense of food.
She is also larger than tho Jersey, there
fore of value for beef, they say.
They talk so eloqueiitly you are al
most disposed to tow that you will get
a Gnernsey cow. But meanwhile you
pass to the Jersey stables, under the
superintendence of that shrewd Yankee-Canadian,
Mr. Valancey E. Fuller.
Us is best known in connection with
the great St. Lambert cow family,
ilr. Fuller whips out his paper and
pencil an! proves to you in three sec
onds that the greatest amount 'of net
butter proCt to a given amount of feed
doesn't mean at all the greatest average
per cent of butter profit that you can
get out of a cow. Then you are all
muddled in your mind and wonder
which of these honest, good looking
gentlemen the Guernsey man or the
Jersey man is fooling you. Among the
Jersey cows undergoing the test is a
black and white one that you would
stake your bead is EIolstein-Friesian.
She is large and of the general form of
the Bolsteins. But she is the pure bred,
registered Jersey Ida's Marigold and
one of the best cows in the test.
Mr. Fuller does not believe in much
cornmeal for Jerseys, especially fresh j
cows. He says a fresh cow is generally
in a more or less feverish condition for
the first week or so and that cornmeal
aggravates this condition. His favorite
food in the Jersey ration is what is
called hominy feed that is to say, th
refuse left over after making hominy at
the factory. The best corn for both
hominy and the cows is the southern
hominy corn.
Among the big Shorthorns are one or
two that have given the enormous
amount of 00 pounds of milk a day. 1
learned incidentally when visiting the
World's fair cows that in weighing and
measuring milk it is estimated that
about two pounds of milk make a qnart
Some of the Shorthorns weigh 1,400
pounds. They seem tremendous after
looking at the slim little Jerseys. The
animals are so carefully tended that they
are not allowed to be disturbed even to the
extent of making them rise when they
are lying down. Some of the Short
horns, however, had precious little of
that kind of care before they were
brought to the fair. One or two looked
like real rackabones, with their ribs
standing out hungrily. They were not
shedding well, but looked ragged and
woolly and faded. The reason of it all
was that they had been wintered badly
not comfortably housed or fed enough
through the cold weather. They had
been crowded with food since their ar
rival, but it took a long time to bring
them into condition. The contrast be
tween these forlorn beasts and the sleek,
pretty creatures around them was an
object lesson not to be forgotten. The
man who will winter a cow in that way
ought to be half starved and made to
wear his spring overcoat for a couple of
winters in blizzard weather. Then he
would find out bow it goes himself.
The cheesetnaking test was just finish
ing when I visited the cows. The mod
ern theory of several gentlemen at the
agricultural experiment stations and
elsewhere is that milk which is richest
in butter fat is also richest in all the
other solids; hence tho milk that makes
the most butter will also yield the most
cheese, if the theory be true. The result
of the cheeseuiaking test promised to
sustain this doctrine. In an inclosed
case with a window in it to look through
were the cheeses that had leen made
daily from the separate yields of milk
of the three breeds the largest cheeses
from the Jersey yield, the next largest
from the Guernsey milk, the smallest
from the Shorthorn, although cows of
the latter breed give great quantities of
milk. To make one pound of cheese re
quires of Jersey milk 8.78 pounds, of
Guernsey milk 9.21 pounds, of Short
horn milk 10.63 pounds.
The final result of all, however, will
be known when it comes to be summed
tip and averaged how much food the
three breeds consume in proportion to
the yield of butter and cheese. That,
of course, cannot be calculated for cer
tain till toward the end of the exposi
tion. Eliza Aechabd Coskib.
THE GREAT SHEEP REGION.
Whara Shtcp Ar Taklnf tha I'tara of lha
Wheat Crop.
One of the pronounced recent depar
ture in the agricultural industry of the
northwest is a change from exclusive
grain growing to a mixed Industry, In
which live stock and dairying are prom
inent features. In Minnesota special at
tention thus far has been given to horses,
cattle and hogs, but in Montana and tho
Dakota sheep are arousing the most
Dotable interest. In Montana the sheep
flocks have multiplied tenfold in 10
years and in 181)1 numbered over S,800,
fc)0 animals. The sheep industry of Mon
tana represent a capital of fJO.OOO.OOO
and brings in a revenue of nearly (3,
600,000 from wool alone, Montana wool
has in a brief period attained a national
reputation. North Dakota is a recent
convert to the sheep industry, but al
ready has more sheep than all other do
mestic animals combined, and the Indus
try is rapidly growing in popular favor
as In profitableness. The Minneapolis
Tribune is informed by North Dakota
farmers that sheep bid fair to be the solu
tion of the crop problem, in paving the
way to diversification of products. Ex
perienced authorities insist that there is
more money in North Dakota sheep than
in grain and that sheep raising is likely
to be the great industry of that state le
fore many years. W ith only a few sea
sons start the sheep industry of North
' Dakota has grown to embrace a capital
of over f3.UOO.000 and a flock of 600.000.
( The average cost of keeping is estimated
at $1 per head- for the state, and the aver
age fleece about eight pounds. Conse
quently the wool alone more than pays
the cost of maintaining the flock, leav
ing the natural yearly increase in flock
a net profit. Abundant cheap lands, the
low cost of hay, grain and pasturage and
the healthfaluess of the climate make
the Dakotas a natural sheep region. The
new industry is a solution of the single
crop problem.
In Minnesota the sheep industry has
not yet attained the prominence given to 1
several other branches of stock raising.
Indeed the state has more dogs than
sheep. Yet the government reort for 1
181)1 credits the state with 400.000 sheep,
and an average wool clip of seven pounds
per sheep The principal aim of sheep
raising in Minnesota is mutton. The
government "Special Report on the
Sheep Industry." 1802. states in the
chapter on Minnesota, "Sheep pay the
farmer U'tter than any other class of
stock, atnl in the prairie country those
who are now engaged in raising a few
sheep find it the most profitable branch
of mixed industry." The average annual
increase in flock is placed at 03 ier cent,
and the average cost of keeping at $1 or
less per head. The government depart
ment enumerates numerons advantages,
exceptionally favorable climate, the best
of feed and water, freedom from disease
and a first class local market, which
Minnesota possesses over all eastern
states. Sheep brought to Minnesota from
Ohio and other eastern sheep regions
show a marked gain in weight of fleece
and carcass. The government depart
ment entertains enthusiastic sentiments
regarding the fnture of Minnesota's sheep
industry. Chicago Herald.
MiIPARIIU a
A Bright Lad,
Ton year of but who ilcrlliii'i to give tils
name In the public., nuikei tins tuilioi licit,
ooua.leutl.il itatrnieut to us:
"When t was one rear old, my minimis !lel
of c.iniini.iloii. Tim (loetur ml. I that I,
too, koiiIiI toon dir. ami all imr iirlulilxir
thmiishl dial even if I .11.1 not .11.. 1 w.miI.I
iikvit Iw aula to walk, twain.. wan no
vik and puny. A gathrrhif (..tiiw.l ami
broke iimliT mv arm. 1 hurt my fliiu'T and
It rathmed ami threw out nirea of hour.
If 1 hurt imaell as to brwtk Ih skin. It
M me t l'iue a rumilnii ami'. I had
to takti loia of iiii-illi'ine, hut iioIMiik has
tone mi so much ii.mhI as Atvrt Harnpa
rllla. It liaa mailt, me well and lining.
T. 1). M., Norvalur, kans.
AYER'S Sarsaparllla
rrrparad by Dr. J. C. Ajr.r Co., Until, UaM.
Cures others, will cure you
Feed for Work loraea.
Ample preparations should be made
for green food for them. A plot of
clover or rye or orcliard grass should
be always laid out for the early
spring feeding. A stock of bran should
be especially provided for the season
when the old coat is shedding, and a
daily ration of it given through the
summer. It has an excellent effect on
the skin and will prevent that frequent
irritation which so annoys the animals
at this season after a winter's feeding of
corn. A mash of bran and linseed, two
quarts of each, lightly salted and sweet
ened with sugar or molasses, will be
most useful, and the grateful whinny
with which the horse will receive this
luxury will tell as eloquently as words
might how it is appreciated by him.
1 'i23i M
r. w.v.-. i ' r' y-w-.
LOUIS O. VANOERVERE,
Ow of th bait knows hutseaa nra la CMoaga,
npnaiaUUTa of tha grata Bradjtnat Ou
HEADACHE, SLEEPLESSNESS, NERVOUS
PROSTRATION.
Dr. Milf JTMffcwi Co., SlkKmri, Ind.
Gentlemen : I lake pleaaura In Informing yoo
of tha very beueflclal rvaulu which bava followed
tha u of Da. Miica- Re aToaa"ivt Navia
In tbacaasof mtwu aod wila. I.hiifuIiu
subject lo a dinrwlng pain at tha hue of Uio
Dnua ami upper poniou ma tinruu com. i
KM INI
Lira Stock Puluta.
Stock feeders near the Hocky moun
tains have one ad van takeover their east
ern competitors in the matter of curing
hay and fodder. The dry, light air of
their country cures hay and fodder in a
way that preserves mnch more of the
food value than is the case with the same
kind of crops cured in the rain region.
Sheep and steers in the west prefer the
air dried fodder to ensilage.
There is one plant that is never touched
by an insect, and that is tansy. If you
rub a horse over with a handful of it be
fore taking him out upon the road, it is
claimed that the flies will not touch him.
At any rate it does not cost much to try
Rubbing a cow's legs with an infusion
of tansy just before you milk her will
keep the flies away and allow you to pro
ceed in peace.
The open air horse show at New York
paid expenses. The promoters hope it
will do something mure next year. It U
much pkasauter to see fine horses out
doors than in a wooden circus tent, shut
np in a stifling atmosphere with dudes
and fashionable women who como to
show their style and good clothes. The
open air horse show is a compromise be
tween the annual display of fashionable
men and women with somo fashionable
horses thrown in on the one hand and
the county fair exhibition of useful ani
mals. At the same time the New York
affair has a leaning to the side of fash
ion. One of the premiums was for the
best pair of farm horses. This prize,
$100, was won by a pair of splendid big
grays named Pepper and Ginger, bo
longing to a plain Long Island farmer.
On the other hand, however, a premium
of $200 was given for best "all round
goat." There were prizes for trotting
stallions, hunters and high steppers.
Among the useful classes may be named
park hack horses and delivery wagon
horses, for the latter of which it prize of
$100 was offered by a well known dry
goods firm. Most of the premiums weia
$100 in money, Then, too, there were
hurdle and other races, tandem teams
and high jumpers, for the millionaires
and their best eirla.
p
CURF tronblwl wllb tlraplawnraa
W W IUI Your Narrlna waa hlithlT
recommended to ma. Uj ran had been an )ii
nata that I had no coniklenca In tha efflrarv of
any medicine. Yet u a lat mtnrt 1 conwmed io
fine It atrial. Much lo my surprise,! experienced
marked benefit; my ileeplranneia dlnpncared:
myheadacbttwasremoredi my iplrlUaud Koiieral
THOUSANDS
aim o twimtv aouaoa. An vxia occuaaco
Uicbmiofrcaalla,
ICO HDD WCIL at
My wlfeuuklii
nown fMvaiciana
m tlie Ni-rv lie wiiu
Luuia I). VAMPiavsaa,
oio on a poarrivc ouarantii
TRY DR. MILES' PILLS, 50 DOSES 23 CTS
For Hale by Charman & Co.
Portland Cowlitz
River Route, via.
WILLAMETTE SLOUGH
Joseph Kellogg TranH. Co.
STR. JOSKPII KELLOGC leaves
Kelso Monday, Wednesday and
Friday, at 6 A. M. Leaves Port
land, Tuesday, Thursday and
.Saturday at 7 A. M.
STR. NORTHWEST Leaves Port
land Monday, Wednesday and
Friday for Kelso arid Upper Cow
litz river points, returning the
following days.
This is the only direct route to
reach all Cowlitz river points.
WM. R. IIOLMAX, Agent.
Taylor Street I)ock, Portland, Or.
WHEN IX-
CHN BY
-TRY THE
'J
ROGERS B
MRS. J. HARRIS, Prop.
Home cooked meals served in the
best of shape. Clean rooms and
bed. Meals 2o cents. I'oard at
reasonable rates.
FRANK NELDON,
GUNSMITH AND LOCKSMITH
FullStock of Guns Ammunition.
Repairs on all kinds of small machines
promptly made. Duplicate keys to
any lock manufactured. Hhop on
Main Htrcet, next to
Noblitt's Stables.
THE EIGHTH
MIL FAIR,
OF THE-
Butte Oeek
ASSOCIATION,
TO 1UC HELP AT THEIR (iROt'M
Near MARQUAM
EAST AND South
-VIA-
TIIK SHASTA ;oi
Of tl.o .
SOllTllliKN I'ACHIC
Kipn-aa Train liv 'i.rltkJ
al.Mt.h j -
t wr M. I ' 'I'luilan.j" 7 1
?lrn I l Ora ii, i,
pi a, I Ar a Khii.Im.,, f, j'
Atmira Ifalm Hup nnly al n '
(li.lll llnMll id Hmaliiira f,, t n
(..ii I'liy. W.,.lMirn. Nalam, ah 1
alivl.l llaU, HarrWhiii j ' '
-ON-
Thursday, FridaySaturday,
si:iticmhici astii, -2oti a 30th. isj.
PREMIUM LIST LRRCER
And more liberal than ever lef.ir.
STOCK AND FARM PRODUCTS
Will be given every ml vantage fur a display.
Jl?e - ladies' - Depart
Will lie one of t lie leading attraction", and an exhibit in et
pirted worthy of the department.
aaaaaaaaBaaaajaaaBaaaaaaaaaaVaVaValWM
BEAUTIFUL -:- GKOVIC
Adjoining grounds with every ennveninief fr cninpim; "ith UP"
plies and fuel in almnduneo and at rea-Himbli- prioK.
Hotel iiirominiHlatioiia ample f.r all.
tin) aii.l Kuiviia
Pullman DuffetSlee;
rOUHIST SLEEPING ft
F.itaiM'.mtmo-UlInn i.l .n,i,, nu .
allai'lml Ui .rr iu
HtiHKIM'Mil MAIL (h.11,.
1 vi a a I I l'.n Ui.J i. '
flit Ml l. Or.f,,i,l , 1,
i r h I Ar ho.i.1.,,., f,
AI.IIANV l,M.'ALll.ll, UnZZ
ii. r a I I v l'.inli.. j,
r I l OtrKi.u 1 11, 1
a r m l ' fj I,
Kill Mlila ll....uk
mtrwurfi i-okilash au to.
Mall Trala. I'allr
inia I I f'Til... At
1 fir I Ar t'..i..lli, Li
At Allxlll an.l i'.TiMI r.,i,nTI
t.l.rox Train I'allf 'Eum h,
I 10 p I (..rtl.ii) 4t
I Kr I Ar MrMlnmll!, I,
THROUCH TICKET.
to ai l huati
EAST AND SOUTH
f..r II. kn au4 lull lut..t.n ,
rai in.. ate, van nn i'nRHii
irrrf.'n i ii
h Minn fK. t t kiii.rtt
Mauar, Ami U r Mh.
THE LINE
LEADS
ALL OTk
FOLLOK
9 THROUCH
DAILY TIM
f having ,84j
la PORTLAND -7:30
I
(!mmI waon roads ennneet Manii!iio with nil p:trtn of the eotmty.
Visitors from a distance coining by railroad will l able to p t
conveyances at Hilvcrton, Ml. Anp-l ami other
convenient railroad inls.
3
1 DAYS TO
2 CI1ICA
TICKKTS FU THE SKASON:
GENTLEMEN, -r.O CENTS, LADIES, 2. CENTS,
Pay Tickets 21 cts, Children undi-r l" years f n'e frir.
UUrp ami tho L.
ttfvi fur premium list and full information regarding paf
and stand privileges to A. V. DAVIS, Secretary.
It. JACK, L,'r.i.ident.
THE POPULAR BOAT.
Steamer Iralda,
Is now making round trips daily
except Wedmjsday between
OAK POINT,
AND
PORTLAND
And intermediate landings, con
necting at Raninier with
8TK. CARRIE - F,
FOR KELSO.
Leaving Oak Point 4:15 . in.
Arriving in Portland. . . 10:.'J() a. rn.
Leaving Portland.' .'i:X)p. m.
Arriving at Oak Point. . .7: l' p. m.
Wharf foot Washington Htreet
S. E. (ULI'.EKT, Agent.
Portlnnd-Clatsbnie
R-O'U-T-E,
i
Mnntltf iuifkt-r to 0
jllUUrp uMtlKan.C
jl'CLLMAX A TonilSTf
j ERS, FREE RECLIXIN
j Cars, I"uiing Crn.
Fur rale ami general i:
ti"ii cull ntiur nddremi,
W. II. Hl'RLIM'IlT, A-f
Puss. Agt., 'J.V Wn-hingU-Third,
I'urtUnd, Or.
-THE
DO YOU WRITE
For the l'apors ?
If you do you should have the
Ladder of Journalism,
A text book for correspondents, re
porters, editors and general
writers.
Price 50 CentH
Sent on receipt of price, by
ALLEN FORM AX
117 Nassau St., New York,
OREGON CITY
CASH MARKET
(Head of 7th St. Steps,
PETZOLD & GALE, Props.
Will sell the best meats in the
city at lowest living rates
for cash.
Everything fresh, sweet and clean
and only tho very best stock gold.
Finest Sausage, liacon, Hams
and Fresh Meats always on hand.
Our motto is "Quick Sales and
Small Profits." Orders delivered
in any part of tho city.
tf? aim. hi r -- -
STR. SARAH DIXON,
liKo. M Htl.Wr.lt. M,l,r,
Will leave Pitland Dailv, exii-pt
Sunday, at '2 p.m., fur Cl'iiNkanie
v way landing.
Returning, arrive at Portland nt
ICa. in., Daily exeept Monday.
The company P -erven the right
to change tune without notice.
For freight or passi-ngi-r rates
apply tod.s k clerk at Portland or
on Loan I steamer.
'I his is the nearest and most di
rect rotito to the Nehalem valley.
11
1 : Mi'VV-l
. 1 UK l I
LiL.. I
.M. i.l I' , W
",r"'.?.r"r,Bla" Enamel, For ti.e
ApP,?''?.,8.kn . Bioaoh, Kndir,!,, .
" '""".aiiuaiat-oliirultiinaofilirikiii .... I,
mZ. it' il '""oiteoi uie Inte.
P? ,? ?r ont.al Powdor In I'lh.
..v, . aini(.rranialiai ra, i vn tu n,e
APh!'1!N'!tUr,,, BluH TI,e0nlyRou
tlUC to MHtllri-. ........ J
A S'.te.?"?"""?''.. flrri.elici.cil.
and ;i,,tur H;; j w ""ni0u rrM,
Oregon Pacific U
E. W. HADLEV,
Dirtrt Lit Quick I
Low freight rate M
lamettu Vulh-y )Miintl 1
Francisco.
OCEAN STEAM Ell SAC
S. S. Willamette
Leaves San Francio
and 'Jl.
Leaves Vuiiiina
'.".I.
This Cmnpany rt'1''
right to change sailing i
out notice.
HI VEK STEAMER"
Steamer "Hoag" !' f
Wednesday's and Sitlunk
A. M.
II. C. DAY, ("leu. ArV
Street Wharf, I'ortlaiul,
D. It. VA U( i UN, (!-'" 1
Francisco, Cal.
C. (J. IKKHJE, ! F
Corvallis, Oregon.
r. r. wiiitk
WHITE BROTHE
Practical drchitft
Will i.rm.arn plana, al'""1
t lln.an.l upBrlflratlnim I"'11"' ,
In KM Hpivlal atli.'illon Kl,p,11 , ,
i. i I.I.I..I flD..
Call on or a.l.lrum
Will"
Or"'
NEW YORK GALL
riiotogriiplm Dullvcrod
Finest Hlylfl
Fine Crayon Work a S'
Old I'ieturua Copied to Any I"1 j
faction (JtwrantfW.
Oalleri 0IlDOlltaCollerci1B," ' I