Page Five
AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK, NEWS
Up-to-date Information to Help Develop Progressive Farming
SEED POTATOES SHOULD BE
SELECTED IN THE FIELD
By Geo. L. Zundel,. plant Specialist
Wilt diseases of potatoes cause con
siderable damage to the potato crop
In Washington, and in selecting clean
seed for next year's use, now is the
time to begin to eliminate the disease
from the seed. In irrigated sections
of the east side most of the trouble
is caused by a Fusarium wilt, or
blight, while on the coast the trouble
is from Verticilldum wilt
The only way to get clean seed is
to select it during the growing period
and rogue out all wilt infected vines.
In the case of Verticillium wilt, the
fungus will pass through the soil from
diseased to healthy hills, so that if
much of this wilt is present in the
field, the potatoes will be unfit or
seed. - -
The old practice of cutting off the
stem end of a tuber to see if there is
a dark, ring on .the inside, is absolute
ly to be discouraged, because other
factors might cause the darkening of
the rings in the potato. Drouth during
the, period of growth; storage in cel
lars or pits, where there is a low
temperature, may cause a dark ring
to form in the end of. the tuber. '
If the fungus is in the soil and it
comes in contact with a cut surface
a ready means of infection is pro
vided, and more wilt is liable to de-.
velop than otherwise would. , Most of
the best seed grown in eastern Wash
ington has a black ring, but Fusarium
blight is not found to -any extent in
this area. Furthermore, recent experi
ments have" shown that Fusarium and
Verticillium have been found in po
tatoes that had no dark ring, thus
proving the futility of the old method.
Fattening Calves
"Weaning, shipping, dehorning, cas
trating and suddenly changing your
calves from grass to dry feed- is very
hard on. them and checks gains com
pletely for three to six weeks," said
W. Peters, chief of the animal jhus
bandry division, Minnesota University
farm, before an audience ot live stock
men attracted to the farm by the
Cattle Feeders' Day.
"This problem, plus the problem of
securing good calves at a reasonable
price," he added, "would seem to war
rant the statement that baby beef
production is best adapted to the
method whereby the calves are grown
on the same farm on which they are
to be fattened. They can be castrated
when young, and if they are dehorned
at all they, .can be dehorned with caus
tic also when -young, then started on
i fiiniu in um iau iwiuie mey ate Wean
ed and can be fattened with less risk
and a good deal less feed than when
they are purlhased in the open market
in .the fall.
"However, when the calves brought
to University Farm got settled down
and started to feeding well, they made
gains almost as fast as the older cattle
and required only rwo-thlrds as much
feed to make 100 pounds gain as is
usually required by two or three year
old cattle. '
"The calves appeared to be growing
rather than fattening until they had
been on feed about 130 days - and
weighed from 700 to 804 pounds. From
then on they seemed to fatten rapidly
uuu ai me muse ioi j.du uays snowea
a good deal of finish. "We believe that
the average feeder of baby ' beef
should figure on about a 200-day feed
ing period in order to make certain of
a satisfactory finish on the calves."
v " -Secret Of Silage Making
The secret of making silage is ' to
have all the air excluded, so that mold
will not have a chance to grow. Mix
ing green corn fodder with dry hay
will not do at all unless they were
chopped up together ,"and tamped well
into a silo. It would be necessary also
to add water sufficient to insure per
fect settling with no air pockets.
Mixing the hay and green feed in a
loft as you suggest would be sure to
cause a spoiled feed, and may even
cause spontaneous combustion.
Avoid Early Laying
Early maturity, not early egg pro
dustion is desirable. The first busi
ness' of the poultryman . is to bring
his pullets to maturity at five and a
half to six months, when they may
properly begin to lay. Put them in
the laying house at five and a half
months of age, but If they are not
mature carry them until they are six
months before allowing them to lay.
Otherwise they will not molt later on.
If their combs begin to get too red as
thjey near maturity, curt down the
amount of protein in the feed. In do
ing so feed more' carbohydrates, for
they can use lots of energizing food,
and putting " on ta little fat before
they begin to lay might prove advan
tageous. "After a pullet has started to lay It
is too late," says W. D. Buchanan,
poultry specialist, "but if you start ta
time you can keep, her from it until
she is at least five and a half months
old, provided you have her under con
trol in a limited run. The way 'to do
it is to watch her comb, and to keep
reducing the protein if necessary un
til there Is none in her- feed .except
that in the grain and its byproducts.
A Ieghorn pullet should weigh three
and a half pounds before she lays an
egg. Early eggs (peewees) are hard
to market;' they lead to. an early molt;
and i to such reduction of vigor that
you never get a consistent lay. An
early layer is never" as rugged as she
would have been if held to maturity.
The pullet approaching the laying
period naturally slows down In ac
tivity, Just as does any adult. Hence
the poultryman must double his -efforts
the depth of the litteriafldant"
forts to keep -her active, and - this
means double the depth of the litter,
which makjes her work and hence
turns all the protein to body building.?
Imported Eggs
Charles- A. Robertson of the. Ameri
can Consulate at Shanghai, ' after
studying the statistics f Chinese egg
exports to the United States, reaches
the conclusion in a report to the de
partment of commerce that the Chi
nese egg has invaded America' for
good.
- "While China's egg business experi
enced a' period of prosperity during
the war," he says, "with a return now
to normal conditions .the demand still
continues, which would Indicate that
Chinese eggs have made good. Dur
ing the war a, great trade In the export
of fresh eggs grew up, and the profits
were sor great that the exporters ..did
not even trouble to insure .the cargo,
as they could easily afford to suffer
the loss of an occasional shipment.
Over 11.303,000 fresh eggs came Into
the .United States last" year from
China; also millions of pounds of
frozen eggs, egg albumen and yolk.
Eggs, fresh and preserved, and pro
ducts play an important part in the
export trade of :China." - i
The development of this 'business
puts a vital problem squarely before
the egg . producers v of the .United
States. : .:. ;
Trim Up Th"e Raspberries
With the close at the fruiting-sea-'
son'. New York horticulturists advise
the removal of the fruiting canes in
all raspberry plantings. These old
canes are no longer needed by the
bush and they may harbor disease
organisms or insect pests which might
infect the new growth. The removal
of the old canes will also afford more
room for th new growth next season.
In the spring, the canes of red rasp
berries should be cut back to a de-:
sired fruiting height, usually three or
four feet from the ground. Black rasp
berries require more severe pruning
than the red varities, as the old fruit
ing canes should be removed and the
new growth checked In the summer by
pinching off tHte tips of the new canes
about two feet front the ground. ,In
order to do this effectively, it will be
necessary to go over the bushes sev
eral times. In the spring, the side
branches which have been developed
in this manner should be cut back
from one-third to one-half their, length.
Raspberry growers are urged to be
on the lookout for plants affected with
the mosaic disease, or "yellows." All
such plants, including roots and suck
ers, should be removed and burned in
order to stamp out the disease.
the trees and carrying them to the
rice fields. ' " -
r In the United States the, use of
special green-manure crops is much
more general in the south" than in the
north. Under irrigation they play an
important part, in orchard culture in
the west, but not under dry-farming
conditions.
POULTRY POINTERS
FROM THE O. A. C.
Unprofitable hens usually have
combs with long, narrow serrations,
which are hard and shrunken and
covered with whitish scales! " The eye
is usually sunken and not prominent
seen from the front, and has a dull
lusterless expression. The long beak
and narrow, crow-like head are never
found on high record hens.
' While more active and nervous than
a low-producing hen, the high pro
ducer is more easily caught and
handled. The high producer is friend
ly, while the shy layer is sly, stays on
the roost or outer edge of flock, and
squawks when caught. Hens first off
the roost in. the morning and last on at
night-are the birds that lay lots of
eggs. ..
.-When in doubt as to the .hen's egg
laying Quality give her the benefit of
the -doubt In culling ' for layers, but
not in selecting the breeders.
bulling can be accurate only when
hens are kept under -'uniform, condi
tions, since it is a comparison of hens
that have had like opportunities.
Housing, feeding, freedom from para
sites and contagious diseases and good
management should apply alike to all
birds compared. When these condi
tions are poorly met even good layers
may be culled 'out, especially at cer
tain seasons when they are not laying.
' Heavy fall and winter egg produc
tion may be expected only from early
hatched, well-matured pullets. No
practical value' comes 'from forcing
hens into early summer molt to make
them good .fall layers. ... .
GREEN .MANURING ANCIENT
s MEANS OF IMPROVING SOIL
"Green : manuring plowing under
green . crops as a -means of soil" im
provement, although it has been em
phasized in recent years, can hardly
be 'called a new discovery, say the
United States Department of Agricul
ture, v It is really one of the oldest
methods. Crops for this purpose' were
used by the ancients, the Romans us
ing, lupines, which were sown in Sep
tember and turned under in May for
tbe .benefit or the following crop.
. In-Germany the use of lupines be
gan in the middle of the nineteenth
century and has proved an '"important
factor in reclaiming the sandy lands
of parts of Prussia. . In England le
gumes and other .plants are commonly
used; in India' and Japan the farm
ers gather green plants of mny kinds,
sometimes even cutting twigs from
STATE LIME PLANT HAS '
SOLD 2000 TONS LIME
The state lime plant is going fine
this year, due to the publicity which
has been given to the subject by The
Pacific " Homestead.. , This paper is
proud of the achievement, because
nothing is more important for the im
provement of the land in western Ore
gon than the liberal use of agricultural
lime.
Sam Moore, president, and Prof. A.
B. Cordley of Corvallis, secretary of
the board, report that they" now have
2,000 tons of lime sold, and that so far
l.OOOvtons have been ground this year,
and 700 tons shipped. .
Part of the success of the lime plant'
this year is due to the fact that the
board ha3 sold lime on a business
basis, that is, payable after harvest,
and has kept an active selling agent,
Clarence Browne, in the field. r
Selecting Seed Potatoes
Early fall, just before the vines die
back, is the time to select seed for
next year's potato crop, according to
the potato specialist at the New York
experiment station jit. Geneva. Most
growers prefer jto harvest their pota
toes after the vines have turned brown
and dried up, as the tubers have then
reached a' desirable stage of "maturity.
Seed potatoes selected at this time,
however, or those taken from the bin
next season, are not as desirable as
seed selected from living plants, .de
clares the station expert, because no
choice can be had between healthy
and diseased plants or between vigor
ous and., weak plants. . '
Hill selection, enables the grower to
obtain seed from healthy, "vigorous
plants only, as well as from the high
est yielding plaints in the field. Re
sults obtained in' experimental plant
ings at the New .York station show
that seed secured "in this way is quite
superior to that taken at random after
the crop is harvested. . L
- Where'a special seed plant has been
maintained '. from which . all diseased
plants have been removed, the station
expert advocates'- the selection of a
sufficient number of high-yielding hills
rtofurnish seed for next year's seed
plant. The. remainder "of the tubers
can then be used for planting the main
crop., If they have no special seed
plat, growers .will find it .desirable to
select their seed potatoes in the field,
avoiding all weak and diseased plants
and selecting high-yielding hills so far
as possible. The time and work in
volved? in making this selection will
be amply repaid by the increased yield
in next year's crop.
In the- states, of Washington, Ore
gon, Mississippi, Arkansas, Idaho and
Florida, lumber and timber products
lead the list of industries of the re
spective states in value.
Children Cry for Fletchers
The Kind You Have Always Bought, and which has been
' In use for over thirty years, has borne the signature of
on the wrapper all these years
CZjC&7jZ Just to protect the coming
WfctW generations. Do not be deceived.
All Counterfeits, Imitations and -"Just-as-good" are but
. Experiments that trifle with and endanger the health of
Infants and Children Experience against Experiment.
Never attempt to relieve yourfcaby with
rcmeay mat you would use for yourse
What is CA5TORIA
Castoria is a harmless substitute for Castor Oil, Paregoric,
Drops and Soothing Syrups. It is pleasant.' It contains
neither Opium, Morphine nor other narcotic substance. Its
age is its guarantee. For more- than 'thirty- years it has
been in constant use for the relief of Constipation, Flatulency,
Wind Colic and Diarrhoea; . allaying Feverishness arisinf
therefrom, and by regulating the Stomach and Bowels, aid,
the assimilation of Food; giving healthy and natural sleep.
, The Children's Comfort The Mother's Friend, -
GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS
In Use For Over 30 Years
The Kind You Have Always Dcaht
THi CINTMIR COMPAMV. N etW YORK CITV.
The New Way
To Save
Refinifh the Old Things in Your Attic
MANY a fine piece of. fur
niture is discarded when it
is old "only on the outside. If
refinished it wpuld be as good as
new.
- You can refinish furniture,
woodwork and floors as well as
anyone. You'll enjoy doing it,
too. The work is fascinating and
the cost next to nothing.
For 73 vears w hnv hem
making special paints, varnishes,
enamels aqd stains for you to
use. They are the best products
of their kind that we know. They
make refinishing easy and- suc
cessful. . '
Of course there are a few sim-
Iile directions that you must f ol-
ow, but we have organized a
"Home Service Paint- Depart
ment" to help you. Just write
this department, telling them"
what you want to refinish and
how cyou. want it to look when
finished. ''.'
Our experts will guide you .
step by step through the work,
explaining each detail and rec
ommending materials, brushes,
etc. -
You'll find that refinishing .
home things is really not work at
all just fun. Their improved
appearance will astonish you.
Decoret Vamish Stains
. 4' Decant Vrailt Stmlni for
Mbiuuuiif fnnuture ana f30
B&d vaniteb. in on operation.
Watch the color of anr na
tural wood. Made in f ool- Er
-ore. ...
,' W alee make Robber-Ce-
ma.r Finn. Pain. A ll.ntir.
mm r.rnjiiM. SilkBttWfaite Eii'. !
Enamel. Waahable WaU FI- itSS;
lata, Fifteen-ior-FIoai Var- I
Utah. Ant .Enamel. Fnilar-
wear Varniah. Floor Wax.
Fuller' Hot Water Vail Flniah (kalaomlne).
Porch and Step Paint, and PIONEER WHITS
. LEAD. - .
--- . -
SZ3k3J
!
Fyllorb
mmtcmcATtoft
"115 HI CcrvicePainta
-Stain
Manufactured by W. P. Fuller & Co.
Dept. 7, San Frandaea
Pioneer Paint Maanfactnrcr for TJ Year. EetabHahed 18.
Branckea ta 19 side la the We. Dealer n wkere.
WHERE TO BUT. B rare and fet the right material. The
MU To wkere yo. can est Feller' Product. Cat it Ml a
Writ a now a poeteard for Feller' "Horn S trice" Paint Book, wkteh .
tail yea at what to bay for enry kind of painting. Seal fall deecriptien
and get ant free ad vie on any kind of painting yoa want ta da.
For exterior Job of painting it b adrlaahU .
to obtain th aerricee of a Matter Palatal.
Fuller 't "Borne Service" Paint are told by the following in your city:
m
Salem State tax levy for 1922 to
be lower."
Bandon to . have record cranberry
crop.
Milton and Freewater to be united
in one town. . -
County press generally favorable to
the Portland 1925 electrical exposition.
Rainier, lumber center, complains of
great lack of houses.
Rainier Review The last session of
the legislature has a rotten record. It
advanced salaries by the wholesale,
entirely forgetting the rights of the
people they (mis) represented. Other
appropriations were made beyond all
reason.
Ptansfor a $25,000 state children's
farm home, near Portland.
Marshfleld seeks location there of
large automobile brake factory.
1 Medford soon to have 180,000 arm
ory. . . '
Vernonia Two thousand celebrated
extension of railroad to this place.
Astoria increases tax levy two mills
oyer last year.
i Bend raising money toward building
new $30,000 Baptist church.
Medford. ship'ping Z50 carloads of
pears. .
Chemawa Indian school to have $52,-
000 dormitory.
Eugene Steel hangars to be built
to accommodate 18 airplanes.
Oregon hop crop estimated at 60,000
bales.. r
' Portland Three "churches, costing
$51,000, to be built in JVIt. Scott dis
trict, .
" Timber Several warehouses and
dwellings going; up. . :
Clackamas county, building $90,000
worth of new school houses. .-
INDUSTRIAL REVIEW
lands will be sold at 10 o'clock a. m.,
on November 8, 1922, at public auction,
at 'the United States land office at
Portland, Oregon, to the highest bid-
fder, at not less than the appraised
value, as shown by this notice, sale
to be- subject to the approval of the
Secretary of the Interior. The pur
chase price, with' an additional sum of
one-fifth of one per cent thereof, being
commissions allowed, mast be deposit
ed at time of sale, money to be re
turned if eale is not .approved, other
wise patent will issue for -the timber
which must be removed within ten
years. Bids will be received from
citizens of - the United States, asso
ciations of such citizens and corpora
tions organized under the laws of the
United States or any state, territory,
or district thereof only. Upon appli
cation of a qualified purchaser, the
timber on any legal subdivision will
be offered separately before being in
cluded in any offer of a larger unit
T. 4 N., R. 3 W., Sec. 17, SW'i
NW, yellow fir 1200M., red fir 700
M., bastard fir 300 red'eedar 130
jk., hemlock 160 M., SW, yel
low nr 700 M., bastard fir 275 M., red
cedar 680 M.,- hemlock 75M., SWVi
Vot( for Single Tax 304 X .es.
Adv. . - (4tp)
NOTICE OF SALE OF
' GOVERNMENT TIMBER
GENERAL LAND OFFICE
Washington, S. C. :
September 15, 1922.
Notice Is hereby given that subject
to the conditions and limitations of
the Acts of June 9, 1916 (39 Stat, 218
and June 4, 1920 (41 Stat, 758), fend
the instructions of the Secretary of
the Interior of September--15, 1917
(46 Li D., 447), and June 22,1920 (47
L. D., 411), Jhe timber on the following
The Time to Buy
Is -when others are hot buying
when money is rather - tlose
and prices are, low. . ..
When spring'"-opens there is
always a buyers - rush, and
priees always follow 'demand.
If yon want a city home, a"
farm or any property, look them
over now and save mone.y.
Come in and sea what I have.
Insurance that
Insures
Seven strong companies, fire,
accident, burglary, forgery,
' causality, auto. .
E E. TEEPLE
719 Main,' Oregon .Or.
SWU., yellow fir 985 M:, red fir 430M.,
bastard fir 450 M-, red cedar 22QM-.
white fir 90 M. hemlock 200 M., none
of the red, yellow and bastard fir to
be sold for less than $3.00 per M.", none
of the red cedar timber to be sold for
lass than $2.00 per M., and none of the
white fir and hemlock timber to be
sold for less than $1.00 per M., Sec. 19,
NE4 NH, red fir 1200 M., SE4
NE, red fir 1650 M., SWtf, NE& red
fir 2100 M., red cedar 110 M., hemlock
75 NW SE14, red fir 1150 M.,
SEV SE&, red fir 1500 M., red cedar
50M., hemlock 50 M., SW14 SE&, red
fir 525 M., red cedar 25 M., none of
the red fir timber to be sold for less
than $2.50 per M., none of the red ce
dar timber to be sold for less than
$1.50 per M., and none of the hemlock
timber to be sold for less 'than $1.00
per M. T; 4 S., R. 2 K Sec. 5, NW!4
SW4, red fir 665 M., none of the red
fir timber to be sold for less than $1.50
per M. T. 2 S., R. 5 W., Sec. 29, NE
NE14, red fir 1400 M., none of the red
fir timber to be sold for less than $1.50
per M.
. . WM. SPRY,
Commissioner, General Land Office.
(9-28-50 , -
Pep-
0;
' Sugar jacket just Ny)
; "melts in your mouth," oty -X--then
. you getr the deleo fSfftg jlw
table . gum center " " V 1 '5
- And with Wries three old
' standbys-1 also affording friendly M"
J aid to teed; throat, breath, ap. v fe " Zs?'
''petite'and "digestion.-, " ,. ' !STmlji- 1
Soothing, thirst-quenching.-. SjlP X J
Making the next cigar y&k!'
Huntley-Draper Drug Co.
Hogg Bros.
Jones Drug Co.
Frank Busch & Son
Stors Nw
Opens
at 9 A. M.
Saturdays
Phone:
. Pacific
Marshall 6080
The Most In Valiw
The Beat in Quality
riiVi , sr.
''JJW.WvV;-''-,,,rT . . k i
THE BEST IN QUALITY THE MOST IN VALUE-
vw
Store Closes
Dally
at 6:30 P. M.
Saturdays
, at 6 P. M.
Home
Phone:
A 2112
"THE STORE THAT UNDERSELLS BECAUSE IT SELLS FOR CASH"
A Timely Display of New .Stocks of
Quilting Materials
That Will Prove to Be of Special Interest to Women Who Take Pride in
Making Their Own Comforters. Here Are the Most Desirable Materials
in Dependable Qualities, Pleasing Styles and the Most Moderate Prices.
Be Sure to Profit by This Opportunity,. "
. Challis at Iftc
36-Inch Challis in an exten
sive variety of pretty styles
in both light and dark colors.
' Cretonnes at 25c
36-Inch Cretonnes in pretty
flowered styles especially
adapted for comfort'eoverinrs
Silkolines at 25c
Both'plain and fancy styles
in a large variety of patterns
and shades.
- Flowered and Figured Sateens at 50c Yard
36-inch fabrics in a wide range of styles in attractive flowered and fig
ured effects in medium clark colorings. One of the most popular and
most satisfactory materials for comfort coverings.
One-Piece 3-Pound Fine White Cotton Batts at
-$1.50-..$1.25
One-Piece 3-Pound Stitched or Plain -Cotton Batts at : '
One-Pound White Cotton Batts a each i ...AOc and 50c
1-lb. Wool Batts, $1.50 2-lb. Wool Batts, $3.00-3-lb. Wool Batts, $4.50
NEW FALL STOCKS BOYS' THINGS .
With School Days Close Upon Us It Is Time to Replenish the Boy
Wardrobe Our New Fall Stock Offers Splendid Selection From
Styles and Qualities Most Dependable and Satisfactory. '
V BOYS' BLOUSE WAISTS AT $1.00, $1.25 and-$1.50
Regulation styles of splendid wearing fast color materials in light .and dark colored patterns
ALL WOOL SWEATERS AT $3.50, $5.00, $5.50, $6.00
The popular slip-on styles in fine, all awooj. Sw eaters for boys and youths all sizes ' ' , . .
BOYS' REGULATION SHIRTS AT $1,00; $1.50, $1.75, $2.00
The good , fitting, sturdy sort in regulation styles, well made of fine Percate, (Madras, Cham
bray and Khaki all sizes. - .
KNIT JAZZ CAPS, 35c WOOL CAPS AT $1.00 and $1.50