OREGON CITY COURIER- THURSDAY, MARCH 5, 1914
Public Opinion
Ftom The People Subjects of Generaljllnteret
t
A WAY TO BUILD ROADS
THAT WILL STAY BUILT
H. M. Ha worth Writes at Length on
Roicds Oregon Needs
Editor Courier:
I believe that as a matter of co
operative htslpfulness farmers should
make reasonable efforts to impart to
each other such theories and such
practical knowledge as they have
gained by observation, experience or
otherwise; and, on subjects that per
tain to the wellfare of all classes all
;: others should do likewise in such
plain and easy terms that our chil
dren can readily understand them.
Possibly each one may have in
some way gainid some knowledge in
one or more directions that many
others have not, and so by writing
it up for the free columns of The
Courier, or otherwise imparting it,
more or lens good may be done.
Feeling under obligations to farmers
and society in general and having a
good healthy interest in the wellfare
of all and in good' roads, good laws
and good times and good things gen
erally, I an wiiling to do what I
can as time ,and health may permit.
I am inclined to first take up the
matter-of umler-drainage in connec
tion with farming and road building,
as I was born and raised on black
walnut soil from three to six feet
deep in one of the richest and mud
diest parts of Illinois and of the Uni
ted States, Oregon's, climatic condit
ions during winter and spring months
are quite similar to those of the late
fall and spring months of Illinois,
and the mud ranges very much the
same, so that what I write may be
of local advantage. If so, well and
good; my time will have been well
spent. , , , ,
I will say first that to get the best
results a thing must be done right;
. and to do it right, it must be done ac
' cording to certain ynderlying prin
ciplesfor principles' to us in all the
activities of life are1 what the steel
rails and roadbed are to the great
and almost all-powerful mogul that
carries its great loads of precious
human freight across the continent.
They support its weight and guide
its wheels and otherwise help with
out these rails and roadbed its great
power could never be brought into
, helpful activity. So it is with the un
derlying principles in all things.
' Road-buildinz must be done accord
ing to certain principles to get the
greatest ana Dest results possiDie.
The roads that we now desire are
naturally of three parts: the road
bed, the foundation and the super
structure or surface work. No one is
so ignorant as not to know that very
much depends on both the roadbed
and the foundation. The main thing
in each of these is their power of re
sistance to heaft and this resistive
power depends on weight or tonnage
to natural wear on the solidity
and compactness of each, and espec
ially of the subsoil and surface soil
or roadbed. Water softens and loos
ens the soil and so weakens it, hence
the special need of under-drainage is
greater than that of surface drain
age; for the greater the quantity of
under-surface water, the weaker the
roadbed. Under-drainage will drain
both the surface and subsoil, while
surface diainage only cares for the
surface drainage only cores for the
gether will do the work more quick
ly and thoroughly.
Under drainage by burnt tile was
taken up by farmers and road author
ities In Vermillion County, 111., where
I was raisea in about 1872. The re
sults were so marvelous that after a
few years everybody was "doin it."
So that when, we came west in 1809
the entire country was almost under
drained by an almost unbroken net
work of tiling, many farms being
under-drained by tile put in every
10 to 15 rods ion both nigh and low
land alike, and from one to three
tile ditches put in under the county
roads. The whole country looked as if
both on the farms and in the county
roads. The changes were marvelous
the land had been raised several feet
' higher. County (roads that during
spring thaws, ra Wing from the mid
dle of February the middle of
March, were almost impassable to
teams and light farm wagons, were
being traveled at highest speed by
' driving rigs and fair loads were haul
ed by team and wagon on common
dirt roads. Where two tile ditches
were insufficient 8 third one was puv
in the center of the roads. Side sur
face ditches were made ample to car
ry off surface water during floods
and all bridges and culverts were wi
dened sufficiently to not retard the
flow of high flood water. ,
Our little Vermillion river that
was 10 to 14 days reaching h gh
water mark was always at high
water and receeding within 30 hours
and usually within 24 hours.
I tiled out my farm of 105 acres
in about 1878 at a cost of $500. One
main six inch ditch of about 80 rods
I put through a ridge at a depth of
three feet at both the head and the
outlet and seven feet through the
ridge. I took up the fall until after
the ridge was passed, when the nat
ural fall was allowed. An adjoining
neighbor then took it on across a
county road to a total length of some
120 rods. The slough was drained
perfectly by this ditch and a few lat
erals. The force of the flow was so
great that I could not force a heavy
two-inch oak plank down at the low-
.n.i nt th tilinc within less than
two feet of the end of the tile .The
water shot mt like tne xorce oi
nnnn hall. I was young and very
strong then, and was anxious to test
the force ot a aitcn wunoui. iuu ex
cept at its head.'
Another 6 inch main ditch was six
feet deep at the lower end and three
t the head in another slough, and
tha full was taken un in this ditch
until I got to where I was sure of
three feet at tne upper eno, wnun
..,. nmhnhlv three-fourths of its en
tire length, and I presume that its
force was about the same as the
other one. My reason for putting
these ditches in the way I did was
to have a good outlet and to have
them in my barn lot whore a spring
hranch headed where I could have
th.n nnrlnr mv control.
The first spring, in March, after
these ditches were put in I planted
my early potatoes at the edge of one
of the sloughs over the ditch, and
that is very early for early potatoes
in Illinois. I noticed that crops grew
faster and much heavier over the
ditches, the distance on each side
ranging according to the depths of
the ditches, and the soil pulverized
most beautifully- When digging
these ditches streams of water the
size of a lead pencil would spurt up,
many of them to a height of two feet
and some of them even three feet.
These facts are presented to show
the force of water thrown out of un
derdrawing ditches, and consequent
lv how ouicklv they carry the water
off. Surface ditches allow the water
to run off; tile ditches force it off on
the principle of water mains from
high reservoirs, it is my juagemeui,,
therefore, that the value of under
drainage by tiling can hardly be over
estimated. As already stated, Ore
gon's roads in the richer soils and
lower lands are practically the same
as in Illinois. As I have driven over
thousands of miles of Western Ore
gon roads, I do not hesitate to say
that under-drainage is the first thing
that should be done in building bet
ter roads; as letting the over-abundance
of the water out will increase
the solidity of the subsoil and thus
increase its resisting force. Of course
naturally, surface drainage is very
imnnrt ant. In mv travels over a num
ber of Willamette Valley counties and
around my home 1 find tnat sunace
Hminnrre is not nearly what is de
manded, especially in times of heavy
rains and floods. The smaller bridges
and culverts are generally too narrow
and often not high enough to let the
water pass off quickly, and the re
sults are wash-outs, roads overflow
ed and washed off, backwater and
mud. The side culverts and bridges
into farm gates are nearly always
too low and too narrow. Where
streams run down by the' roadside
their beds are often too narrow and
shallow to carry flood water, and the
roadbeds being low there are heavy
overflows and wash-outs as the re
sult. Hillside wet weather springs and
jeepages are allowed to come to the
jurface 'and run down the roadbeds,
ind qften these continue to run until
.nidsdnimer. Under-drainage is the
me remedy for this trouble. There
ire. but few if any hillsides or seep
age inywhere that burnt tile prop-
srly put in win not arain pei-iecuy,
.nd St certainly would be well to j
jomiJience experimenting at once,
he principle is to cut seepage off
mder ground above where it comes
,o the surface.
N hillside road should be finished
n aily way until it has been well un-;
ler-drained, nor should any other
oad;in Oregon on either high or low
and probably with some little excep
ioni. Many side ditches are not of
continuous fall and so long stretches ;
jf vtater are left standing after the
;low has ceased and in many places
.he roadbeds are covered during
leavy rains and floods on this ac
count. It is also a notable fact that
ninfature lakes and ponds and pud-j
Jlesiand stretches of water are al-'
Lowed to accumulate right in the road
ind chuckholes are worn; and noth
,ng is done to let this water off or
fill jchuckholes until what we term
the jroadworking season comes on.
A.11 these defects ought to be reme
died at once, and the remedial work
.jhold be continuous. Supervisors
jhnhld ever be on the watch with
botk funds and materials to rectify,
theje conditions or rather to make
use of the ounce of prevention.
The next thing that should be done
to "the roadbed after under-draining,
gr-Ung, etc., fwould be to invent
some kind of a tamping device, on the
principle of the piledriver, and just
hammer the roadbed down until it is
positively compact and impervious. I
suppose this cannot be done, but to
make the best possible roadbed it
should be made as solid and dense at)
possible.
This brings us to the foundation
itself, where the main strength of all
really durable roads lie, and espec
ially where the bed has less resisting
power than desired. It is my judge
ment that macadam with a founda
tion of large stones is the most dur
able, the most practical and most in
expensive of any kind of really per
manent road now in use on wet and
muddy roadbeds. The strength is in
the foundation and the weaker road
bed will have or can be given prop
er resistive power to support a heavy
stone foundation, properly put down.
Strength can be added to the founda
tion by filling in with cement at com
parative light cost.
Much is now being written about
the "$17,000,000 waste on Oregon
county roads" within the past few
years. Kindly allow me to forcibly
impress upon the public mind that
the gravel and stone that has been
forced down into the muddy roads of
Oregon will give our roadbeds the
strength and resistive power that is
desired, and that cannot be gained
otherwise; so, while the gravel has
served its purpose in the past, it can
be made to better serve the purpose
of supporting better roads in the fu
ture. I would impress upon the pub
lic mind that the time and money
spent in graveling has not been lost.
I would suggest here, therefore, that
much care be expended not to tear up
and destroy this strength of the pres
ent roadbeds when preparing for
better roads, and not to place any
muddy soil on top of them. Under
drain, side surface drain, heighten
the roadbed by grading off at its
sides, or do any "old way" to keep
from loosening up the present grav
el road beds. With under-drainage
high grades are not necessary to
permanency, but often add to the al
ready weak road beds in rich and
muddy soils. Illinois discovered this
fact, and so levelled down mnay of its
high graded roads and made them
lower.
Some 47 years ago Vermillion
county,'. Illinois, constructed its first
macadam road south of Danville, its
county Scat. As nearly as I can re
member the large foundation stones
were placed on top of the muddy sou
to a width of at least 16 feet, and the
road wheiv surfaced with gravol, was
from eight to twelve inches above the
ground at tho level. When I left
there almost 25 years later this road
was in perfect condition, and no
doubt is today. Other counties took
up this work, but I do not know
what the results have been. This
stretch of macadam was on the old
state road from Chicago to Cairo,
and reached half way to my old home
village; and I can testify that the
rule over that nurd, smooth road was
a "joy-ride" to us mud-bound people.
Hard surface road, is I understand
it, is so constructed that its main
strength is on its surface rather than
in its bottom or foundation as in the
case with the stone foundation of
macadam, which, if true, its strength
must begin to weaken from the be
ginning. Consequently it is only a
question of time and service when its
strength will be broken and rebuild
ing must result.
Hard surfaced roa d, as I understand
withstand heavy tonnage placed on
Oregon's weak road beds must nec
pssarilv cost from $12,000 to $20,000
per mile. Jan we anora sucn an out
fay by bonds or otherwise at this
time? ' '
Thruout my many years of travel
I have noticed that macadam roads
with stone foundations were stand
inw the test of time and tonnage. My
y. . j i .
conclusions drawn from years" of ob
servation are that macadam roads,
properly under drained and proprely
constructed need not be repaired for
many years and that the cost of re
pairing is comparatively light and if
kept well oiled its life will be length
ened and repairs lessened, and conse
quently expenses reduced to the min
imum. My observations regarding
our common gravel roads is that as
the years go by they are getting
stronger and the expense of keep
ing them up is growing less, and if
so these must continue until they be
come sufficiently firm to answer all
purposes
My best judgement would forbid
Oregon going forward at this time,
patterning after California , Arizona,
Colorado and . other states, whose
soils and climatic conditions are so
different from Oregon.
What Oregon should do is to find
out just the kind of roads, that when
built upon its muddy road beds, will
stay there, no difference what their
appearance, our likes or dislikes.
The hurry is not so great nor the
demand so urgent that we should
rush aheadlong into overburdening
the taxpayers with five per cent
bonds to build on, we know not what.
The present talk about experiment
ing in the matter of building better
roads is proof that we do not know
what we want, what is best, what
the cost, nor the durability of new
, . I BEATER IEVER
LARGE IHDCKNDINT
TILTING or APflON CONTTCl
MAT ) ' ii 1 '
Simple Apron
TiqMener
Both Sides
f I DOUBLf ANGLE STEEL REACH W' W
1 JT ) Civinq OTirect Draft and ellminatmq I "LijibJ I
DOUBLE ANGLE STEEL REACH
Civinq CTirect Draft and ellminatinq
all strain from Spreader Box
A Reach Is as Indiana n.AhU nn a
Manure Spreader as It it on a Wagon.
ARE YOU LOOKING
For a Low DownEasy Loading Light
Pulling Manure Spreader One that will
Last a long time and please you better
every time you.use it? Look no further.
WE HAVE IT AND YOU NEED IT
THE BLOOM MANURE SPREADER
GETS THE MOST OUT OF THE MANURE
By breaking it up fine and spreading it evenly Easy, sure control and
no horse killer The only Spreader with a reach Fanners
who have bought them say they are the best farm
machine investment a farmer can make.
See the BLOOM
at
the nearest
Mitchell Agency
or
write us for
. Illustrated
Catalog
kinds of expensive roads. These facts
therefore, should prove to us that
bonding at this time will be prema
ture and that it will prove wasteful
and therefore unwarranted.
Farmers have gone slow because
they have been compelled to do so.
They know, as no other class of peo
ple know, what there is to contend
with and to overcome. They can
count the cost more nearly than any
other class and they know that on
their parts however as desirable as
better roads may be, that they can
not afford them at this time anymore
than they can afford cominff out in
kid gloves, silk hats and automobiles,
and they are to be commended for
keeping so well within their means
as compared with town and city
people, whose homes are under mort
gage for autos, silks and such like.
If it has not yet been discovered
that farmers generally are real bus
iness men it is because of the ignor
ance of other elements of society.
What per cent of town and city peo
ple are real business people anyway T
And what per cent compared with
farmers, engage in real business?
Our supervisors may be short in the
ory and to some extent in practical
knowledge, but for "sure" they are
still short of funds, consequently
their practical knowledge cannot be
put into effect. But are they ignor
ant? Anyway are they anymore ig
norant than other farmers or other
classes of society ? Are they anymore
ignorant on their line than other
classes are on theirs?
We should all bear in mind just at
this time that our present road and
other systems are neither the far
mers, nor are they our road super
visors. They did not organize our
road systems and laws, nor are they
genarally satisfied with them, nor
rln thnv mntfnl or wnrlr thnm All
know who organized our road and
j ;
other system3 and how abortive their
efforts have been to improve them
during the past few years. All know
also (or should know) that our road
and other systems are run and con
trolled by our. state ctpital and coun
ty seats, consequently .whatever there
has been to blame irilthe . past and
and whatever there isito blame now
belong to the .creators,' of our sys
tems, to those who control and. run
them and not the farmers nor road
supervisors. Get it? 1 '
The one great weakness m the
farmer is right in his crop and giz
zard. That is he lacks sand and grit
to organize and as an organized fore
to stand up to be counted in the ex
ercise of his inherent and God-given
rights. I can but blame him greatly
in this direction. Farmers should go
after what they want and get it
just as other classes do but will
we? . V
Finally, let it be remembered . by
all other classes of society and all ofT
ficials that farmers own the farms
and their farms go to the centers of
all country roads, consequently -they
own the roads and, owning them',
they have some natural rights in con
nection with them that other classes
should be considerate enough to re
spect. Again, owning them and paying
the bills it is their right to "boss the
job," and, if they prefer going thru
mud to the heavy burden of interest
bearing bonds' and other taxes, why,
it's their own affair. It is not the af
fair of joy riders home-mortgaged
auto riders, auto clubs and Live
Wires.
No. It's just the affair of our good
old long-headed "Uncle Reube."
If allowed I would just suggest
that our authorities just, keep right
on forcing good gravel dowm into our
weak road beds; take up the work
of enlarging bridges, .culverts and
surface drainage; invest good and
APRON LEVER 1 '
I U3WE5T-OOWN MACHINE lThMaMOilTmpSpHi)Sn;tl
BKauAomR)UUvlcrl)irAl . .
aemof. miom 3 rrtT 6 inchesJ
plenty the funds in burnt tile in un-
(ler.ilrainace. These three lines of
work will Dreuare our road beds for
whatever kind of good roads that
mav be finallv constructed as noth-
ing else can, and when prepared, we ings, their repuatation, etc? I have
can consistently bond if there is any not learned the names of these gen
consistency in bonding at all. Hop- tlemen, so what I say is not per-
ing this article (written at length) sonal, but it is plain that the doc
will be helpful to some one or more tor was the main transgressor, and
I submit it to your readers. . if he had not done wrong the drug-
Respectfully yours,. . I Kist would not have had an excuse to
S M Haworth. ! supply an inebriate with the destruc-
P. S. I think thst I should add
that in under draining my farm in
Illinois andldrawing the water off
thru higheAnd and up hill (so to
lJJS mll
that in under draining my farm in
.2 a yA P " J55
naked eye and did not miss my naked
eye survey the fraction of an inch.
vZJn W W rS SnUn;
Krs-'tfarnettx 'funds if
Kuca mieuu surveying s uivin-j
ises, that will never at any time be
worth 15 cents to anyone. Probably
one-fourth of the present county
roads will need a county or state
and road building, therefore the! V would have been "woe unto ye
other three-fourths if surveyed at doctor and druggist
anytime will be money wasted and 1 Now I don't know much about law
so it should not be allowed. but I advise families of drinking men
. I can but feel sure that our su-to come to the front for they will
pervisors can do most of their work fmd Plenty of helP Jd sympnthy,
without the help of an expensive en-and "there were a few examples
gineer I made of those who cater to the vices
Now farmers, listen until we can1 of. V depraved it would have a
get a "District Home Rule" svstem : wholesome effect. Any man worthy
we will have good and plenty of just f beln? .called do,etor knows that
such laws as the last one passed for, stro"K dnn unbalances the human
where the carcass (funds) are gath- "natomy and in some temperaments
ered together there will the "buz- i results in a form of insanity the vic
rards" be gathered together alsoJ " cannot resist and he will ding to
Our funds under our present system, he d"nk thouKh 14 T01" h,m of U
are gathered together at Salem and ls dejest possesions. Many a
our county seats, where buzzards can' o18,011 lov haJ come between hus-
naturally have good picking. See?
Get me?
"WOE UNTO YE
DOCTORS AND DRUGGIST
Lady Voter Asks Why Irish was the
i Only Man Advertised
After several weeks of feeling
haunted by a neglected duty, I take
up the pen in hopes of finding relief.
I will begin by quoting from the
Bible "Woe unto ye doctors and law
years.". I am sure they should have
added druggist to the list but per
haps there were no druggists when
the Scriptures were written, and even
to this day we are at the mercy of
the lawyers and doctors, also drug
gists. They are of the educated classes
and should be able to discern right
from wrong, and therein is what is
troubling me. I want to ask a ques
tion or several of them in regard to
the man who-was arrested three or
four weeks ago in Oregon City for
drinking and treating on the streets.
A doctor had given him a prescrip
tion and a druggist had sold him the
liquor. The man was arrested and
fined, his name and misdemeanor
was made to serve as quite a sensa
tional news item, without any regard
to his family which. I am informed,
is auite a large one, and no doubt
some of his family suffered acutely
in consequence of the escapade of the
head of the house. Added to the
shame and degradation was the fine
imposed, for which the children will
suffer more than the father, so in
this case the innocent are being pun
ished for the deeds of the guilty.
Now for questions. How did this
man get the prescription l Any doc
tor would know that he did not need
a bottle of liquor. No honest doctor
would have eiven him whiskey or
der. How much better it would have
been to give him a bit of good advice,
for it would have shown a humane
spirit, while what he did do was the
HlqhCrbon8ttr
Teeth wf staqqered.
formlnq splrdl.qlv-
Inq wide delivery.
CAtT-STCEl SI DC BRACKET
Tormina tliqnmtnt Cdqe
forhamAKle Aiqid
dr all condition
Northwest's
Greatest
Impement and
Vehicle
House
PORTLAND, ORE.
SPOKANE, WN.
BOISE, IDAHO
opposite.
Whv were the doctor's and drug-
erist's name so carefully withheld
from the public? Was it out of
card for their refined, sensitive feel
"I.LI a'.TT. " 7X"
e ft to hftve do .
fol. -
!lf. tl 1
fc
be a fineP. I thi
and he should have pa-
fine 11 there had to
ment' would have been good for all
th offenders. A fine wBould not ef-
f t th d to the dnl igt
their money comes so freely
JS' ,522? n'8 fami
- 1
Now whose duty 18 nng such
transgressors to mstice? It is well
or the doctr nd the druggist that
am J the wife of the culprit for
I would have camped on the trail un-
XT i.u tnumra.
drink, growing wider and wider as
the dissipation went on.
The drinker does not seem to com
prehend his condition and resents
even a hint against drink and goes
on his way blindly hugging his worst
enemy, while his family and friends
see all his best qualities dying, leav
ing a living skeleton as a daily re
minder of what he might have been.
This drink question reaches the
most sacred and tenderest ties jof
the human family. The inebriate may
be a father, husband, brother or son.
In any case there are those that love
them looking on in silent anguish,
silent because of shame on one side
and fear of offending the devotee of
the bottle on the other.
And there is the idea among . the
drinkers that it is no one's business
except their own. This is one of their
greatest mistakes for there is the
human tie that binds and the drink
ing man is laying a heavy cross on
those that love him and there is the
family name. No one has a right to
put a stain on the name that another
er bears.
According to the constitution of
the United States we have the right
of doing as we please so long as we
do not trespass on the individual
rights of others.
' Now when a man drinks he is
trampling on the hapiness of his
family and friends, and must be a
violator of one of the first and best
laws of our land. And when we view
the wrecks of men and consider the
'ties that bind, all broad minded, hu
mane men and women will unite in
cleaning this pestilence from our
country.
I am glad to learn that there are
so many men and women interested
in the cause. This drink habit is a
stupendous imposition on the lives
and hapiness of women and children,
It is to be hoped there is not an
other doctor in Oregon City who will
prescribe booze for one of the to be
pitied class of drinkers, and if it
happens again I pray retribution may
follow close on the deed, be it wife
or friend of the drinker who brings
action. I am sure they will find
plenty of approval and help, and
"NEVER GIVE UP" is the watch
word of success.
Mrs. A. M. Waldron.
Yet a Dream
Oregon City, March 2, 1914.
Editor Courier:
In your paper of the 26th of Feb
ruary, 1914, I read in the Oregon
Equity News a few questions. Per
mit me to answer the one "If you
were governor, what would you do
with - the unemployed .'
As for the unemployed man, I
would not do a thing, for I think
there is not a man from the north to
the south . wants employment if his
fellow man forces him to work.
As for the unemployed tools, ma
chinery and land that could be pro'
ducing, but are idle, standing still, or
vacant, 1 would give its owner Zi
hours to make it produce, or it would
belong to the state, and for taxation,
be rented out to willing hands out
of employment that they might make
a living also.
.. Resolved
A confusion caused by confiscation
and the wheels in Oregon would start
to buzz and progress would com
mence.
G. A. Henrix.
Notice for bids for the Construction
of a County Road
Notice is hereby given that sealed
bids will be received at the office of
the County Clerk of Clackamas Coun
ty, Oregon, furnishing all material,
labor, and doing all the work con
nected with said road according to
the plans and specifications now on
file in the office of said clerk. Said
road is known as the Oregon City
and Milwaukie road and commonly
known as the Uatfield road, begin
ning at the southerly end of the
bridge across Kellogg Creek in Sec
tion 1, T. 2. S. R. 1 E. and running
thence southerly on said road a dis
tance of about 4,5bb feet.
Each bid must be accompanied with
a certified check to the amount of
ten per cent of the amount bid to in
sure the entering into a contract by
the bidder, should the contract be
awarded to him, which check shall be
forfeited to Clackamas county should
the bidder refuse to enter into con'
tract after the same is awarded to
him.
The contractor to whom the con
tract is let will be required to fur
nish a suitable undertaking to guar
antee the completion of the work as
provided in said contract and also to
guarantee the fulfillment of the law
respecting the hours of la Dor, mater
ial furnished by material men, etc.
Each bid must state the time with
in which the contract will be com
pleted, and said contractor will be re
quired by his bond to save the county
of Clackamas harmless in respect to
damages accruing to any one during
the prosecution of the said work.
The Court reserves the right to
reiect any and all bids.
The bids will be received at the of
fice of said County Clerk up to the
hour of five o'clock on March the 12th
1914.
By order of the County Court x
W. L. Mulvey,
County Clerk.
Courier and Twice a Week Journal
$1.75.
Notice
SEALED BIDS will be received by
the County Clerk of Clackamas Coun
ty, Oregon, up to 5 o'clock P. M., on
the 12th day of March, 1914, for the
improvement of a road leading from
Milwaukie to Oregon City, and com
monly known as the River Road, from
Station 86 plus 60 to Station 107.
All work shall be done in accord
ance with the plans and specifica
tions now on file in the office of the
said County Clerk, and all bids must
be accompanied, with a certified check
for ten per cent of the amount bid,
which bid shall be forfeited to Clackamas-
county, should the successful
bidder refuse to enter into a contract
with said County.
The successful bidder will be re
quired to furnish a suitable under
taking to guarantee the completion
of said work and to guarantee the
fulfillment of the law respecting the
hours of labor, material furnished by
material man, etc!
Each bid must state the time with
in which the contract will be com
pleted, and will be required by his
bond to save Clackamas county harm
less in respect to damages accruing
to anyone during the prosecution of
the work.
The County Court reserves the
right to reject any and all bids.
W. L. Mulvey,
County Clerk.
Continued from Page 1
GOOD ROADS FOR THE FARMER
AT HOME.
Tns.ofoia lor 11a talcA un this ttra-
position with our representatives in
Congress, ana 11 suixeaaiui, guuu
,! .,,11 h. horn in nn time and the
luaua
country will see the most prosperous
time 11 ever imu, imo wuimij "
it spent billions for permanent pub
lic highways after the Franco-Prussian
war.
Annfhor. hinir T" miht mention
and that is this when the bonds na
ture. Congress might be in gooa nu-
rvirtv. anma Hav nnrl t.lirn them OVef
UlV1 DV1UV - J , " 7
to the respective counties CANCEL-
LOjL) as an Amas present.
Respectfully yours,
H. W. Hagemann.
LOGAN
Th hues are now gathering nour
ishment from the pussy willows.
Mrs. Martin Cooper, nee Elsie
Fallert,' of Sellwood, is visiting at
her brother's Mr. Karl Fallert.
Our late neighbor, D. C. Fouts,
was interred Monday at the Logan
Cemetery. '
n n Pr.hi.inrt In takinc orders for
a carload of wire fencing. He wants
to send Uast lor it.
The annual meeting of the stock
holders of the Clear Creek Creamery
will be held next week. A full attend
ance is desired.
The state of Idaho has quarantin
ed against California potatoes, on ac
count of the potato moth. Washing
ton intends to do the same, but our
Mr. J. D. Mickel, state dairy and
food commissioner, to whom this
matter was referied by Governor
West, doesn't seem to pay any at
tention to it.
. NO WONDER OUR JONATHAN
BOURNE, JR., IS OUT FOR U. S.
SENATE AGAIN SISTER'S WILL
LEAVES HALF A MILLION IN
TRUST FOR HIM.
Boston, Feb. 24. (Special) By
the will of the late Mrs. Hannah B.
Abbe, of New Bedford, her broth
er, Jonathan Bourne, Jr., of Port
land, Ore., will enjoy during his life
the income from more than $500,000.
The testator is a daughter of the late
Jonathan Bourne, of New Bedford,
and leaves an estate valued at
$1,250,000. The will was allowed in
probate today. After leaving be
quests of more than $200,000 to re
ligious and educational societies,
Mrs. Abbe provides $20,000 for the .
payment of an income for life to Miss
Addie T. Jenney of Fairhaven, an old
school friend with whom she was as
sociated during her life.
Half the residuary estate goes to
her sisters, Emily Bourne, of New
York, and Elizabeth Pearce, of Provi
'dence, and to her niece, Mrs. Emily
B. Michler, of Providence, and the in
come of the other half goes to her
brother, Jonathan Bourne, Jr. On his
death the principal goes to her sisters
and niece.
Alfred Townsend Hartford, of
Cambridge; Charles H. Delano and
Oliver Prescott, Jr., of New Bedford,
are named as executors and trustees.
A SOUND DECISION
Milwaukie, Jan. 20. The Wiscon
sin engenic law regulating the issu
ances of marriage licenses was held
unconstitutional today by Circuit
Judge Eschweiler.
Among other things, the court
,says the law which provides for a
physician's certificate including the
Wasserman test, is violative of the
rights secured by tha Constitution
and that it coinflicts with religious
liberty because it tends to halt mar
riages. The court held that if the' state
wished to exercise its right for pre
venting undesirables from marry
ing it should assume the burden of
weeding out the unfit and not cast
upon the fit an unfair demand, and
thus materially impair an inalienable
Schmidt made application for a mar
riage license at the office of the Mil
waukie County Clerk on January 2,
the day on which the Wisconsin eu
genic law went into force. Clerk Wl
del refused the- petition because the
man did not have a certificate, of
health from a physician as demanded
by the law.,
Petersen immediately sought re
course in the courts, and today's de
cision by Judge Eschweiler will en
able him to secure the marriage li
cense without the medical examina
tion. " are usually thin and
easily worried, sleep does not
refresh and the system gradu
ally weakens from insufficient
nourishment.
Scott's Emulsion corrects
nervousness by its force of con
centrated medical nourishment
it restores the healthy action
of body cells, enriches the
blood, sharpens the appetite,
and feeds the nerve centres
by distributing energy and
power all over the body.
Don't resort to alcoholic
mixtures or drug concoctions
that stimulate and stupefy.
Get a bottle of Scott's
Lmulsion tor your
nerves nothing
equals or compares
with it, but insist
on Scott's.
EVERY DRUGIST HAS IT
Residence 6 1 2 Phones: Main 1 1 0 1
Center St. M. 172
Dr. A. McDonald
Veterinary Surgeon
Office, Red Front Bam
Phones: Main 116
B-9 OR.ECON CITY
BR0WNELL & STONE
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
Oregon City, Oregon