OREGON CITY COURIER. THURSDAY, SEPT. 25 i913
BAFFLESJCWE,
Why Hot Steel Is Tempered by
a Sudden Cooling.
SLOW COOLING KEEPS IT SOFT
Yet tha Buiy Brain of Man Cannot
Succeed In Reasoning Out Why Thit
It So The Mysterioua Properties
Exhibited by Water, Tin and Glass.
Here la a fact, known to everybody,
which la aa rayslerious as would be
the actuul appearance of a ghost, by
which I mean that the fundamental ex
pluuutlon of the phenomenon la about
aa far beyond our reach In the one
case as In the other.
The fact to which I refer la the pro
duction of tempered ateel by quenching
In cold water. If hot steel la cooled
Tery slowly it becomes soft and cunnot
take a cutting edge, but If It is cooled
suddenly it becomes very hard and can
be ground Into keen swords, knives
and cutting tools.
Now, why the difference? tlave you
ever thought about that question? If
you have not. many a man of science
has, and has been puzzled over it.
Ilere la another related mystery. If
you heat an old Japanese sword, which
for centuries has retained Its capacity
to slice off a bead at a blow, or to
open a swift passage for the soul of
the victim of the hnniklrl mania, to
the temperature of boiling water it
gradually softens and loses the keen
ness that once mado It so formidable
It Is the same steel, but it, too, Beems
to have lost Its soul. At a tempera
ture of 150 degrees centigrade the
hardened steel commits barnkirl In a
few minutes. Surely there Is some
thing strange In Uiat.
Then consider this: At zero tempera
ture water changes from a liquid and
suddenly becomes solid. But If you put
the water In u vase and carefully pro
tect It from dust you may cool It as
much as 120 degrees below zero and yet
It will not freeze! But now shake tho
vase or drop In a bit of Ice, and tho
water Immediately solidifies!
I owe tho collection of these facts to
a paper by Professor .lames H. Wal
ton, Jr., of Wisconsin university. The
explanation which bo gives is that sub
stances like the hardened steel and tho
unfreezing water aro in a state of
"suspended change." That accounts
for the phenomena, but In a certain
sense they remain mysterious, just as ,
life Is mysterious.
Many substances possess the same
curious characteristics. I'rofesHor Wal
ton says that If a flask containing so
dium acetate, which has been cooled
below its natural freezing point with
out solidifying, Is opened In a room
containing dust of the solid acetate tho
fine particles of the latter dropping Into
the flask will cause the whole contents
to solidify.
Tin la a very strange metal with re
gard to this state of suspended change
or "metastabllity." A Bovero winter cold
will sometimes cause it to lose Its
hardness and crumble.
Objects made of tin sometimes un
dergo such change and aro then said
to be suffering from "the tin dlneaBe."
The contact of "diseased" tin with
bright, hard tin is capable of setting
up the transformation.
Glass, Trofessor Walton Informs us,
la "an uudercooled Hubstanco"-that Is,
it Is lu n metastablo condition. If old
glass tubes through which water has
frequently passed aro heated the glass
crystallizes and loses lta transparency.
All Bubstancca In this state are liable
to change, and tho change, under prop
er conditions, may bo sudden. Hard
ened steel is lu a similar category. If
It were as perishable aa tin it could not
be safely used for many purposes for
which it Is habitually employed. For
tunately steel exhibits great resistance
to chango of stato after it has been
tempered. Transformation Is retarded
or arrested,
"Does steel slowly return to the sta
bio form and thus grow softer?" asks
Professor Walton, and then answers:
"That wo do not know; wo can only
say that If such a change docs take
place, hundreds of years are necessary
to bring It about."
Tho same ancient Japanese BWords,
which, when heated, as before describ
ed, becomo soft, retain all their hard
ness If carefully preserved.
It Is evidently of the highest Im
portance to the practical world that
science Is investigating these things
and discovering the way and the cir
cumstances in which the changes come
about, even If It has not unveiled the
underlying mystery of their cause.
Garrett P. Servlss In New York Jour
nat.
Correct Interpretation Essential,
Many of the most beautiful pieces
of poetry In literature would seem un
infecting and lint if read by a bad
reciter. In the same way a good re
citer will make attractive a poem
whoso beauties aro not so apparent
A flue painter will Unlit up each little
beauty lu his pictures until the small
est detail Is attractive and strikes tho
eyo. It Is only the mediocrity whose
work Is characterized by sameness and
lack of Interest Strand Magazine
Making Good.
"Darling." he cried, "I cannot live
without you."
"Rut." she replied, "my father la
bankrupt."
"Iu that case," he despondently re
plied, "I guess I'll go and shoot my
elf." Chicago News.
It Is Indeed a desirable thing to be
well descended, but the glory belongs
to our ancestors. - Plutarch.
The healing demulcent qualities of
Foley's Honey and Tar Compound are
not duplicated in any other medicine
fror coughs and colds. Any substitute
offered you is an inferior article. Re
fuse to accept it for it can not pro
duce the healing and soothing effect
of Foley's Honey and Tar Compound.
Insist on the genuine, which contains
no opiates. Huntley Bros. Co.
Mrs. Nellie M. Alldredge and her
daughter, Miss Edith, who have been
seriously ill with typhoid fever, are
slowly improving.
A MOTHER'S
RUSE
By HELOISE BRAYTON
"Amy," said Mrs. Strlngfellow to her
daughter, "Walter liarnard has been
paving attention to you now for six
mouths. If you were engaged I pre
sume that you would tell me. But I
wish to know surely whether you are
or aro not."
"I am not," replied Amy dolefully.
"That evidently means that Walter
hasn't spoken."
"1 think he will, mamma."
"Not without being brought to the
oolnt"
"Mamma, you wouldn't whb me to
tell him that I am expecting him to
propose to me, would you?"
"Certainly not. That would not bo
the part of a girl. But a girl haa her
privileges, and one of them la to lndt
cato to a young man paying her atten
tion that she wishes hun to discon
tinue doing so."
"But I don't"
The mother bit her Hp, but said
nothing more. Nevertheless she deter
mined that since her daughter had not
the spunk to bring ber lover to a pro
posal she would make the attempt her
self. To interfere In such a matter Is
always a great risk, and the lady real
ized that by doing so she might make
a breach between herself and her
daughter that might never be healed.
But Mrs. Strlngfellow was naturally
diplomatic and determined that she
would pursue a little game of her own
which might mean a great deal or
might mean nothing.
Not long after this little dlaloguo
Mrs. Strlngfellow arranged that Amy
should go away on a visit Amy ob
jected, not being willing to leave Wal
ter even for a day, though she did not
aee him oftener than once a week. But
tho mother prevailed, and Amy do
parted with fear and trembling that
the man she wanted would during her
absence fall into the tolls of some other
girl.
Ono day during Amy's absence Wal
ter Barnard called upon her mother t
pay his respects and ask how her
daughter was enjoying herself. He
was ushered Into the library, where
ho usually visited with Amy. On the
table lay a bill from a prominent dry
goods store. It was so plainly exposed
that the caller could not help seeing It.
but he did not make himself acquaint
ed with Its contents till an unrolled
package on a chair attracted his atten
tion. It was white and of a delicate
fabric. Near It waa a box, in which
some white gauzy substance so loosely
rested that a part hung over the side.
There was still another box with the
cover on.
Barnard while waiting for Mrs.
Strlngfellow had nothing to occupy
him, so his mind became fixed on these
articles. lie examined the fabric, and
It Reemed to him that there was about
enough of it to mnke a dress. Then
it occurred to him that the gauzy stuff
might be Intended for a bride's veil
Having gone thus far In his Biirmlses,
he was naturally curious to know what
was In the covered box. no lifted the
cover and saw that it was filled with
orange blossoms.
Evidently some one was about to be
married.
But who? There was only one single
woman in the house, and that waa
Amy.
A terrible thought entered the young
man's brain. Could It be possible that
whllo ho had been putting off bis pro
posal some other man had come In and
occupied the vacant place ahead of
him? His heart seemed to stop beat
ing. Perspiration stood out on his fore
head. Uo paced tho floor till Mrs. Strlng
fellow caine down. When she saw the
dry goods sho looked displeased, called
a maid and directed her In a sharp
touo to take them upstairs. Then she
turned her attention to her visitor.
Burnnrd was too disconcerted to talk
connectedly. Ho Jumped from the
warm weather to the news from
abroad and from tho nowsrom abroad
to the Inst bit of social gossip. Then
lie asked If Miss Strlngfellow was en
Joying her visit and was Informed that
sho was having a delightful time. He
asked when the young lady would re
turn, and his hostess informed him
that certain events that had happened
since her departure would necessarily
alter the time of her homecoming, but
did not say whether It would be has
tened or delayed.
Two or three times Bnrnard was on
tho verge of asking whether Amy was
about to bo married, but every time he
balked. Onco be got his question part
ly out, but Mrs. Strlngfellow looked at
hlin so coldly that he turned the ques
tion Into something else. Finally ho
arose to go, stumbled against a chair's
back or against an open door, dropped
his hat and stepped on It finally get
ting out In great confusion.
That night lie slept only a few hours
and In tho morning took an early train
for the place where Amy Strlngfellow
was visiting. She was much Burprls
ed at seeing him and waited for him to
Aeclare tho object of his coming.
"Aro you going to be married?" be
asked In a toue to warrant that If she
were lie was ready to kill the groom.
"No. Why do you ask?"
There was an embarrassed silence for
a few moments, when he spoke again.
"Well, then. 1 wish to put In my
claim for yon. I don't want any more
scares like this."
Wlieu Amy returned to her home her
mother confessed her ruse, nad It
failed she could not have been convict
ed of it
The man or woman who has kidney
trouble is facing a serious proposit
ion, whereg rave complications readily
follow neglect. Foley Kidney Tills are
an honest curative medicine that at
once taken into your system mean re
stored kidney and bladder action, and
a erturn of health and strength.
Huntley Bros. Co.
William Sheaiiafi, v,-'.;o has been on
an Kustcrn trip on business in con
nection with the Willamette Pulp &
Paper company, being day superin
tendent of that company, has return
ed to Oregon City.
THE BALL PLAYER.
He Faces Many Trying Ordeals
In His Early Experience.
MAKING A BIG LEAGUE CLUB.
Tribulations of a Veteran Star Who
Started In With a "Swelled Head"
and Got Fired and Then Worked His
Way Back Into Fast Company,
In the American Magazine Elugb S.
Fullertou writes an article eutltled
"The Making of a Big Lenguer." It Is
a true story of the development of one
of the greatest ball players In the
United States as told by himself to
Mr. Kullerton. This player, of course,
began the game as a boy and passed
through all the stages from amateur to
minor league teams and then Into the
big league. In this early experience he
became a great victim of the "swelled
head." hit the first ball pitched when
be went to bat after being told to wait
for two strikes and finally lost his posi
tion on the big league team. After
many vicissitudes be lost his "swelled
beud" and got Into the big league
again, where today, at thirty-four
years of age, he Is one of the great
veterans of the game. Of his final en
trance into the big league he says:
"In June I was purchased for a
large sum by the club which then was
the strongest In the country. I didn't
say a word about money, although the
club paid over $4,000 for me. The new
manager sat down with me in the
hotel the night I Joined his team.
" 'All 1 want' he suld, 'is for you to
get out there and bustle and behave
yourself. I've heard you're hard to
handle, but I'll take a chance.'
" 'You won't have any trouble with
me,' 1 assured him. 'All I want is a
chance to show that I can play.'
" 'You'll get all the chance you want,'
be said quietly. 'You're In the lineup
tomorrow.'
"Stage fright! Did you ever suffer
It? I did that night. My nerves were
Jumping, and a thousand times I fig
ured out plays yea, and made them
In planning what 1 would do the next
day.
"We were playing a game against a
team which we figured we would have
to beat out to win the championship.
I pictured myself bitting home runs
and making triple pluys, and when 1
a woke in the morning I was nervous, a
shaky, uncertain and scared ball play
er. In practice before the game every
thing hit my way I either fumbled or
threw wild, as my nerves were rags.
The crowd seemed to be sorry for ma
when they weren't mocking. It was a
relief when the game started.
"I was second at bat In tht lineup,
on a foreign field and with a hostile
crowd roaring. The first man filed
out. 'Walt him out. Take two. said
the manager as I picked up a bat. The
first pitched ball cut the heart of the
plate. I saw It all the way up and
knew It would have been easy to hit It
hard, yet 1 let it go. 'Strike one,' the
umpire yelled, and the crowd howled.
1 waa cool as a Boston east wind. The
second ball came whl.ziug up straight
over the plate with nothing on It, and
I Itched to hit it yet let It go for the
second strike.
"Then I settled to hit, expecting a
curve ball. The curve went wide. A
fast one went high nnd wide. I figured
that tho pitcher thought he had a suck
er at bat and would curve one over.
Ue came with a fast ball a foot high,
and I swung at It and struck out My
heart nearly got spiked as It sank tnto
my toes going back to the bench.
" 'That's the boy,' said the manager.
Wait him out. Muke him pitch.'
"I could have kissed him for those
words. I went to short with my nerves
steady and my system full of confi
dence. The first ball lilt was a slzzler
over second. I got the ball with one
hand, and there wasu't a chance to
throw the runner out If I stopped to
straighten up, so I threw without look
ing and without wnlting and plunged
forward onto my face The yell from
the crowd told me the first baseman
had caught It, and as I scraped the
dust out of my eyes and trotted back
to position I felt at home.
"I wasn't excited nor elated, but the
onfiilcuce that had carried me through
the minor leagues came back with a
rush and all feat was gone. I was a
big le.'isiier - and knew It. The next
time at bat I crowded the plate, Jock-
ved will' t lie pitcher and watched. Tie
whipped a iMirv Inside the plnte I
pretended 1 ' dull an I let the bull hit
me. It hit hard and I squirmed, hut as
the manager bent over me I winked at
tit ii nnd. let till!.' him lift me. I limped
down lo !!:-:( ami "tnie second on the
first ball pitched. nIIiIIiik clear around
the ba-eman On my third trip to the
pVite I cracked a clean hit over second
base and. aftei 1'cini; sucrillced to sec
ond, stnie third bma use I figured no
lit- wmild tMii I a riHTult to do that.
'Ill the clubhouse that ntwht the
lllllllll'ct oil III. 'lull II Q.l Kill, II .vuu
tun t net -Hciicd.- Anil I replied, 'I've
cone llironuli Hint.' "
One to Five Meals a Day.
In tin'.: in ml people are sonic times ad-
dtcteil to live uieiiis a day breakfast.
lunch, ten. dinner mill suppei The
oiitlneiitnl fashion Is a snack for
morning coffee, n midday meal and an
evening meat. Hut when the great army
of Xerxes was innicliliig through Asia
Minor, and city li city had to provide
food for the day. the people tlninked
(led that Xerxes and his army ate but
once a day.
The path of success In business Is
Invariably the path of common souse.
Sumucl Smiles.
Adenoids are a Menace to Children
Adenoids result from a succession
of colds in babies and young children.
They spoil the mental and physical
life of a child. Thee ondition that
causes them may be easily avoided
by careful parents. Quickly and thor
oughly cure all colds and throat irri
tations by the use of Foley's Honey
and Tar Compound, and adenoids will
Miss Zida Goldsmith left Wednes
day of last week for Pendleton, Ore,
where she will be the guest of friends
and will also attend the Round-up.
The War fifty Years Ago
A Lull In the Fighting Zones Movement of the Fed
erals Toward Chattanooga The Line of the Rappa
hannock River Again Occupied by Armies General
Lee Resting His Troops Around Culpeper and Gor
donsville Federals Bridge the River General John
Buford's Cavalry Crosses Over and Drives the Confed
erates From the Southern Bank Campaign Against
Indians In Dakota War Volunteers Expel the Sioux,
By Cipt. GEORGE I. KILMER. Lite U. S. V.
DURING the month of July, fifty
years ago, the west as well as
the east was wrought with war
excitement, in the east Lee
had penetrated the heart of Pennsylva
nia: In the west John Morgan, the
raider, was- making a cyclonic sweep
across Indiana and Ohio toward the
Pennsylvania border. In opposition to
the wishes of his chief the rash caval
ry chieftain galloped far Into the ene
my's country. General Basil Duke, the
right hand man of Morgan, has declar
ed that his leader Intended to Join
forces with I.ee in Pennsylvania. He
sent spies to examine the fords of the
upper Ohio for that purpose.
In his conferences with bis officers
Morgan admitted the dangers in the
way of his enterprise, but his enthu
siasm overcame all caution. With the
brigades of Colonel A. R. Johnson and
General Basil Duke he crossed the
Cumberland river Into Kentucky early
In July. His force comprised 2,400
x& .
ifV'
I .r-rv-s'- mm
Copyright by the Review of Reviews company.
GENERAL J. H. MORGAN, C. S. A AND WIFE, PHOTOGRAPHED IN
THE FIELD IN 1803.
troopers, with six pieces of horse ar
tillery, according to General Duke, al
though the Federals placed his strength
at 4,000.
A Stroke of Strategy.
Early iu the summer of 1803 , the
main Confederate army of the west,
then locnted In central Tennessee, was
exposed to the risk of attack from two
sources. Its Immediate opponent, the
army of the Cumberland, under Gen
eral W. S. ItoseiTims, lay a few days
march north of Its camp. In Ohio
and Kentucky General A. E. Burnslde
was assembling another Federal force
to penetrate east Tennessee. This
move would menace the Confederate
right and rear. General Braxton
Bragg, the commander, decided to re--
treat to Chattanooga, south of the Ten
nessee river.
Morgan's command was attached to
Brngg's army, and In order to cover
his dilllcult retreat southward he sent
the raider Into Kentucky to break up
the railroads, attack scattered Fed
eral detachments and threaten to cap
ture Louisville. Morgan wanted per
mission to extend his raid Into Ohio,
and Colonel Steele of his command,
who was present at one of the confer
ences between Bragg and Morgan,
stated that Bragg said, "Yes, go where
you can be most effective to keep back
any force of the enemy." "Even to
crossing the Ohio river?" "Yes," an
swered Bragg.
Morgan rode into Kentucky, but only
to get out of It as soon as possible,
moving nt the pace of a cyclone. The
raiders averaged twenty-one hours In
saddle every day. When horses gave
out they seized fresh ones, sometimes
three or four dally for a single trooper.
Beyond the Ohio.
Crossing southeastern Indiana, where
they eluded a column of pursuers un
der General E. n. Hobson, the raiders
entered Ohio Just north of Cincinnati,
and rode through the suburbs-of that
city in the night. To accomplish this
the column traveled fifty miles be
tween sunrise and sunset, Morgan was
accused of lack of enterprise In not
capturing Cincinnati. It was weakly
garrisoned, a fact unknown to the
raiding chief, however. General Basil
Duke, his historian nnd defender, says
that the column had been reduced by
casualties lu action and hardship to
less than 2,000 men.
Cincinnati was not the objective
Donkey Engine Bargain
A donkey lofreincr encrine 9x10 Wash
ington, used about a year and in good
repair, will be sold cheap. Engine i
now at Kinzel & Kinzel's mill on Red
land road. It is a bargain. Write for
price and terms to C. A. Burghardt,
Parkplace, care of Fred Hemeler.
A. B. Buckles, who left Wednesday
of last week for his vacation, which
was spent at Pendleton, attending the
Round Up, has returned to Oregon
City.
point of the raid. To traverse Ohio
and not to capture its capital was Mor
gan's determination. Notwithstanding
the fatigue of men and animals after
their fifty mile ride the column march
ed on all night Strong men fell from
the saddle, and it was difficult In the
extreme to keep the ranks from going
to pieces. Reaching Williamsburg,
twenty-eight miles east of Cincinnati,
the evening of July 19, Morgan halted
to rest his command. The raiders bad
covered ninety miles in thirty-five
hours since leaving Summansville. It
was at this, stage that the raiders be
gan to lament the loss of the horses of
the Blue Grass region which they had
abandoned on the way. Horses picked
up In Indiana and Ohio became lame
In a few hours.
A Running Fight For Life.
When the column reached the east
ern border of the state at Butlingtou's
bar, on the Ohio, the expedition chang
ed from a raid Into a running fight for
life. Morgan might have escaped Into
West Virginia by abandoning bis ar
tillery and wounded, but he preferred
to save all or lose all. Early on July
, 19 the advance of the Federal pursuing
column discovered the raiders' camp.
After a skirmish in which Morgan's
troopers won everything, the artillery
began a duel at long range. A second
Federal column under General Hobson
moved up on" another road from the
one occupied by the advance, nnd at
the same time some Federal gunboats
In the river opened fire In Morgan's
rear.
The concentrated fire from three di
rections stampeded Morgan's wagons,
and they blocked the only road of es
cape. When the confusion was at Its
height In Morgan's lines the Seventh
nnd Eighth Michigan cavalry nnd part
of the- Fifth Indiana charged the raid
ers. Morgan's guns were captured and
his whole command thrown Into panic.
Morgan himself rode out of the net
at Bufflngton's Bar with 1,200 of his
men. Galloping rapidly almost abreast
of the column of his pursuers, he gnln
ed the river again twenty miles above
the battleground and attempted to
cross. About 300 raiders escaped by
swimming but the gunboats beaded off
the main party. Morgan had reached
the middle of the river when the gun
boats hove in sight. Seeing that the
i bulk of his command would be cut off
on the Ohio shore, be turned back to
share their fate.
A Race and Scramble.
For the next six days, until disaster
overtook the fugitive remnant with
Morgan on July 26, it waa a continual
race and scramble for the 800 wornout
men who clung to the leader. At a coun
cil of officers it was decided to march
back to Blennerhassett's Island, the
scene of a previous attempt to cross to
West Virginia, nobson was In the vi
cinity with 3,000 men, but instead, of
closing In on the entrapped raiders he
waited for the bloodless surrender
which be supposed would follow. But
at night Morgan led his men In single
file over a bold mountain, and at day
light Hobson's troopers- found only an
empty bivouac to mark the raiders'
path. They were well on the road
north to the Muskingum.
The crossing was guarded in front
by mllltla, who fell back, and the raid
ers passed safely over, with Hobson's
column almost at their heels. Again
Can't Afford to have Kidney Trouble
No man with a family to support
can afford to have kidney trouble,
nor need he fear it with such a rem
edy at hand as Foley Kidney Pills. An
honest medicine, safe and reliable,
costing little, but doing much good.
Foley Kidney Pills eliminate back
ache and the rheumatism, tone up the
system and restore normal action of
kidneys and bladder. Huntley Bros.
Co.
Joe Harless, a prominent resident
of Molalla, was among those in this
city Monday.
cs
AT THE
Lowest Cost
ELECTRIC LIGHT is the most
suitable for homes, offices, shops and
other places needing light, Electric
ity can be used in any quantity, large
or small, thereby furnishing any re
quired amount of light. Furthermore
electric lamps can be located in any
place, thus affording any desired dis
tiibution of light.
No other lamps possess these qual
ifications, therefore it is not surprising
that electric lamps are rapidly replac
ing all others in modern establish
ments. Portland Railway, Light &
Powe Company .
MAIN OFFICE SEVENTH ALDER.
PORTLAND
Phones Main 6688 and A. 0131
We want you to know thare are several good
business opporunities waiting for you at the
new town of Imperial in Southeastern Crook.
County, Oregon.
If you are looking for a location and want to get in a good
prosperous community and grow up with the town, you should
write us at once and learn the inducements we will offer you
to come here.
Tell us your line of business and we will tell
you whether or not there is an opportunity for
you here.
Imperial townsite Company
Butter Wrappers, Letter
Heads and Envelopes Print
en on short notice at the
Courier Printery
Special
To
Oregon State Fair
FROM
Monday, Sept. 29
Tnesday, " 30
Wednesday, Oct. 1
Leave Union Depot 8:10 a.m. Arrive Fair Grounds, 10: 13 a.i
" East Morrison 8:20 a. m, " Salem 10:20 a.i
" Oregon City 8:56 a.m.
RETURNING
Leave Salem 5:20
" Fair Grounds 5:40
Portland Day, Thur. Oct. 2
$ 1 .50 Round Trip
OTHER SALE DATES Sept. 25-26-27-28-29-30; Oct. 1-2-3-4
From Oregon City $1.40 ?RTD
Return Limit Oct. 8
All Trains Direct to Fair Grounds
SUNSET &
I (OGOENS: SHASTA I
I ROUTES I
Imperial, Oregon flj
Trains
The
PORTLAND
Thursday, Oct. 2
Friday, " 3
Saturday, " 4
Arrive Oregon City 7:12
" Portland 7:50
JOHN M. SCOTT
General Passenger Agent