OREGON CIT COURIER FRIDAY, AUGUST 13, 1909
Making Money
On the Farm
XVEIL The Vegetable
Garden
By C. V. GHfGORY,
Author of "Home Course In Modern
Agriculture"
Copyright, 1909, by Americ4n Froii
Asf oziMion.
A GOOD vegetable garden will pro
tt duce ut least linlf r I he lam
lly's living during the kuiu
tlier mouths, to say. nothing of
the vegetables tbat utaj' be canned or
stored lu the cellar for winter use.
Many fanners object to a uarden as
causing too much work. Th;it Is large
ly because tbey make It so. The lar
gest Item of work is hoeing, and If the
garden Is properly planned and man
aged little of that will need to be done.
The mistake most often made Is In the
location of the garden. It Is put In a
little corner back of the house where
there Is no room lp use horse tools. It
Is much belter to plant a few fruit
trees In such a space aud locate the
garden some place where It can be
worked by horsepower.
Securing Early Vegetable!.
A south slope Is best If early vegeta
bles are wanted. A sandy soil Is also
a big help In getting things started
early, but almost any soil may be
made to give good results by draining
and manuring Fall plowing Is a nec
essary step lu getting the garden plant
ed early. Then as soon as it is dry
enough to work In the spring It should
be disked and harrowed until the best
possible seed bed is produced.
Enrllness is a prime essential In a
vegetable garden. One of the main
satisfactions In having a garden Is Id
being able to send a mess of peas or a
watermelon to the neighbors before
they have uuy of their own. Then,
PIO. XXXV SUCTION OF UOTUKD.
too, the family begins to get hungry
for green stuff usually long before
there is any for use.
Besides having light, early soil, a
south slope and preparing the grouud
early, there are a number of other de
vices that can be resorted to 'to secure
earllness. One of the most Important
of these is the hotbed. A hotbed costs
little, aud after its advantages have
once beeu found out by actual trial It
Is seldom abandoned. The best loca
tion for a hotbed Is on the south side
of a building. It should face the south
In order to get the most possible heat
from the sun. The main source of
heat, however, is fermenting horse ma
nure. A pit may be dug for the ma
nure, but the hotbed will be Just as
successful if the manure is piled on
top of the ground. The pile should be
about two feet deep and should -be
spread out flat and packed tightly. It
should extend out about two feet each
way from the frame that Is to be used.
The' manure used should have the
proper proportions of straw and mois
ture, so that It will be springy, but
not too loose.
It Is a fact that much of the success
of the hotbed depends on the proper
conditiou of this heat supply. If the
manure U too far advanced In decom
position the fermentation will not be
active enough to generate the proper
amount of heat. On the other hand, If
nctlve fermentation has not already
begun the necessary heat will uot be
on hand when It Is wanted, and ger
mination and growth wllV be alto
gether too slow. A little carefur at
tention to this matter will prevent dis
appointment. The frame may be of any desired
size, according to the size of glass that
can be secured. A storm window
makes a good top for a hotbed. If no
glass can be secured a sash covered
with muslin may be used. The frame
should be about eight Inches deep In
front and fourteen behind. As soon as
the -manure hns been packed In place
the frame should be placed upon It
and about five Inches of rich soil plac
ed Inside. The best way to get this
soil is to store it away In a barrel the
fall before, as you will want It long
before the ground thaws in the spring.
Managing the Hotbed.
The proper time to start the hotbed
is about six weeks before the ground
outside will be ready for planting.
About three days after the hotbed has
been started the temperature will have
become uniform, and the seeds can be
planted. They can be planted thickly,
since thej are to be taken up before
they have made much growth. The
principal plants started In a hotbed
are cabbages and tomatoes. Lettuce
and radishes may also be grown in
the hotbed aud If planted thinly
enough may be left there until they,
are large enough to use. If you want
a few early melons or cucumbers the
seed may bo planted in strawberry
boxes of dirt and placed In the hotbed.
When the weather Is sufficiently warm
outside they may be set out in the
garden. The roots will make their way
through the sides of the box, and three
or four weeks will be saved. This is
a clever device for treating early sow
ings of plants which do not bear trans
planting. Ptsrted In this way early In
ntmn can be
UV ..f----
cured. Nature alone won t
do it, it needs help
lithe best help, but iU use
must be conunuea m Bum
mer as well as winter.
ir.w i. i . Ilnl.oo d mux of wiwr
cm, mall bottle now. AUDrwKtt
2ZJ
the seusou they may b transferred,
Liox and tilt, into the garden bed and
iufier uo backset.
During cold nights the hotbed should
be covered with struw or old carpets
to keep it from getting too cold Inside.
On sunshiny days the susb may have
to be raised during the wanner part
of the day to give ventilation The
plants should be watered in the morn
ing on warm days ouly to prevent too
great a reduction of temperature.
A cold frame is almost as necessary
as a hotbed. The plants raised In a
botbed are very tender and are liable
to be Injured if transplanted directly
to the garden. The cold frame is
made the sum as a hotbed except that
no manure is used. After the plants
have obtained a good start In the hot
bed they should be transferred to the
cold frame. The plants lu the cold
frame are gradually accustomed to
the outside air by leaving the sash up
for longer periods each day. This
transplanting also helps the tomatoes
and cabbages In another way. in that
it makes them thicker stemmed and
causes better root development. A
stocky plant of this kind is always a
better grower and yielder.
Early Potatoes.
A good way to secure earllness in
the case of potatoes Is to pack a num
ber in sand somewhere where they
will get plenty of light. This should
be doue a week or so before planting
time. As soon as the ground Is ready
these tubers are set out carefully so
as Bot to break off the sprouts which
have started. A week or more in the
earllness of the crop can be saved In
this way. The early potatoes may be
planted rather shallow and a thick
coating of straw placed between the
rows. On nights when there Is danger
of freezing, the plants can be covered
with straw. No cultivation will be
necessary, since the straw will keep
the weeds down and conserve mois
ture. When digging time comes the
straw can be throwu back and the po
tatoes will be found on top of the
ground, or uearly so. Of course this
plan is not practicable except for a
few rows of the earliest potatoes.
Rhubarb and Asparagus.
Another method of securing early
vegetables Is by the use of perennials,
or those which come up front the roots
each year. The most Important of
these are asparagus and rhubarb. As
paragus Is one of the most delicious
vegetables that can be growu, and It
Alls In a space In the spriug when
there Is nothing else available. Rhu
barb comes nearer to being a .fruit,
making appetl.lng snuce and pies.
In starting an asparagus bed the land
should be manured heavily and plowed
deeply. One year old plants growu
from seed should be planted four
Inches deep and u foot apart In rows
three feet apart. The early spring
treatment of the asparagus bed con
sists In giving it a thorough disking.
After the cutting seuson is over a lib
eral contlng of manure should be scat
tered between the rows. The stalks
should be cut In the fall before the
berries are fully ripe to keep the bed
from becoming filled with seedlings.
Asparagus cannot be cut much before
It Is three years old. Rhubarb is easily
grown from roots planted around in
any out -of the way corner aud kept
well mulched and manured.
In planting the garden those plants
which have the same habits of growth
should be put together. The early
crops should also be bunched as much
as possible. In some cases an early
crop may be got out of the way in time
to put a later one on the same ground.
Cultivation.
The garden should be laid out in long
rows and as much of tne cultivation
as possible doue with a horse culti
vator. A one horse walking cultivator
Is best for this work. A wheel hoe to
get close to the plants and into the
corners is a valuable addition to the
equipment. As a last resort a hand
hoe may have to be used once lu
awhile to get the weeds out of the
row. Changing the garden to a new
place every few years Is a big help In
keeping weeds In check. If the garden
Is put on clean soil In the first place
and few weeds nre allowed to go to
seed the labor problem will be greatly
simplified.
Insects. '
Of all the Insects that attack garden
crops the one that probably causes the
most trouble is the striped cucumber
beetle. A practice often followed
where but a few hills of vine crops
are 'grown Is to cover the young plants
with a frame of mosquito netting. A
Via. X XXVI THE CAUBAOE PATCH.
better plan Is to knock the beetles to
the ground by a slight blow and kill
each one with a drop of kerosene.
Sprinkling the plants with pepper, to
bacco dust or air slaked lime will help
some.
Paris green, applied at the rate of
one pound to a hundred gallons of wa
ter, with four pounds of freshly slaked
lime added to prevent Injury to the
foliage, Is one of the best remedies
for cabbage worms and most of the
other Insects that Infest garden crops.
The big tomato worms can best be
killed by knocking them off Into t
can of kerosene.
Parkplace.
A number of ladies from Abernathy
Grange went to Clackamas to pay
a visit to the grange there. All re
port a good time. The center of at
traction was brother and sister Phil
lips. He was a charter member of
Grange No. 1 in Oregon and Is now
ntaring his 82nd birthday, while Bis
ter Phillips is nearly eighty years.
Those attending were: Madams De
Ford, Brown, Beech, Rittenhouse and
Drayton. All carne home feeling well
repaid for the time spent.
Emery French Is working In St.
Johns and only comes home on Sat
urday nights.
FORTY HAVE NAMED THEIR FARMS
The Courier's Efforts to Have the Rural Homes Designated by Appropriate Names
During the Past Several Months, Well Received With Interesting Letters From those
Who Have Thought Proper to Give their Farms a Name Letters to-date Re-Published
NAME YOUR FARM
"TUoughout the United States there are many farms that are not
named, and the Courier believes that it is Just as important that the farms
should be named as it is Important that the various business houses are
named. Give your farm a name. Fill out this coupon, and send it to the
Oregon City Courier, and your farm name will be placed on the Courier
Registered list of Farms. The name sent In will be published together
- with the name of the proprietor. Use coupon below.
8
s 3
S Name of farm
$. S
$
$ Proprietor
$
3 .
S Address
$
$ -
Calls It "Nutside."
We named our place "Nutside"
several years ago, as we are growing
nuts as a side line and have a long
row of nut trees along the side of our
place. We have about ten acres in
trees and berries and over one hun
dred varieties.. We make a specialty
of choice Buff Orpington poultry.
C. W. SWALLOW,
Nutside Fruit Garden, Rd. 3, Ore
gon City.
Beaver Creek Farm Named.
'"Rocky Point" is the appropriate
name selected by Frederick Steiner,
a well known farmer, whose fine farm
at Beaver Creek Is among the best in
that fertile region. Mr. Stelner's ad
dress is Box CO, Oregon City, K. F. D.
No. 3.
"Beaver Dam Farm."
Among the other progressive fann
ers of Clackamas County Is L. Gelger,
whose address Is Oregon City, R. D.
No. 1, and whose farm at Central
Point is among the best in that sec
tion. Mr. Geiger thinks the Courier's
Idea of naming farms a good one, and
calis his "Beaver Dam Farm," as his
farm of 128 acres Is nearly all beaver
dam land. He raises hay, grain, and
in face all kinds of vegetables grown
In this section.
"Birdseye View."
Fred Zimmerman, who owns a very
productive farm In the vicinity of
Stafford, has named his place "birds
eye View Farm." His address is Sher
wood, Or., R. F. D. No. 5.
"The Ivy Farm."
Believing the Courier's Idea of nam
ing the farms of this county to be a
good one,. Mrs. I. M. Olds has named
her place "The Ivy Farm." Mrs. Olds'
address Is Oregon City, R. F. D. No. 1.
Calls It "Altamont Farm."
"Altamont Farm" is the name chos
en by Mrs. E. C. Eastman and sons
for their fine tract of land on Rural
Route No. 1.
Calls It "Wright's Springs."
Editor Courier: 1 name my farm
"Wright's Springs." In pioneer days
Wright's springs were noted for the
cold water and purity by those who
were thirsty and are noted yet for
the same qualities.
SILAS WRIGHT,
Aurora, Ore., Route 1.
Tanglewood Farm.
Dear Editor:
Having noted from time to time the
number of progressive farmers from
this district naming their farms, I
have decided to call my place "Tangle
wood Farm."
Very respectfully yours,
(MRS.) MARY K. KENT.
Cape Horn Ranch.
Oregon City Courier:
We are interested in your sugges
tion to name farms and have given
ours the name of "Cape Horn Ranch."
It consists of about 155 acres and In
cludes part of a rock point called
"Cape Horn," which extends out to
the banks of Milk Creek about thre
miles southeast of Canby. We expect
to make a dairy ranch, of our place.
RUPP & CAVINESS,
Canby, Ore, Route No. 1.
Riverview Fruit & Nut Farm.
Editor Oregon City Courier:
We have named our place "River
view Fruit and Nut Farm." The name
suggests itself as the remark univer
sally made by visitors Indicates that
we have a beautiful view of the Wil
lamette River. The Fruit and Nut
part of the name is still embryotic as
we have but recently planted twenty
eight acres In apples, walnuts and fil
berts, and hope in the near future
to give our whole attention to that
line of farming.
Yours truly,
H. A. KRUSE,
Sherwood, Or., Route No. 6.
Elder Berry Farm.
Editor Courier:
We have noted many naming their
farms so we have decided to call our
place the Elder Berry Farm, so kind
ly Include us on the list of those who
have endorsed the idea of naming
their farms.
Yours very truly,
JULIUS MOSBERGER,
Canby, Or., Route 1.
The Daly Farm.
Editor Oregon City Courier:
We have become Interested in the
feature of naming farms by seeing
the many new names appearing al
most weekly In the Courier, and we
wish to add your name on your list as
the "Daly Farm."
J. H. DALY,
Sllverton, Or., R. F. D. No. 1.
The Little Woodmere.
Editor Courier:
Our little farm In Mt. Pleasant dis
trict Is named 'Woodmere." We are
always looking for new "farm names,"
and wish the scheme would become
more universal throughout Clackamas
County. A. E. FROST,
Oregon City.
"Deep Well Water Farm."
Sherwood, Oregon, -Jan 26, 1909.
Editor Courier:
I have decided to name my farm,
and will call it the "Deep Well Water
Farm." - It is known as the deepest
well in the neighborhood bo far. The
well is 190 feet deep and Is located
half way between Wllsonvllle and Wil
lamette. Yours truly,
SAM MOSER.
"Sagamore Hill."
Editor Courier-- Thinking your
idea ol naming farms of this county
to be a capital one, I woi.ld like to
submit the name of "Sagmore Hill lor
my place. Have a lovely farm of 30
acres which is aoapted to fruit rais
ing. It is 'Jituated five miles from
Oregon City on the Aborntay road..
Respectfully yours,
Mrs. E. L. Si.r.pson.
Oregon City, R. I. D. 2. Box 123 A.
"Pleasant View Farm."
Editor Courier:
We have named our place "Pleasant
View Farm." It is located at the end
of Maple Lane, farthest from Oregon
City and contains 25 acres. Recently
we refused an offer of $5000 for the
property. We raise all kinds of ber
ries, especially strawberries, of which
we have seven varieties, and other
farm produce.
Respectfully yours,
C. & E. MURALT.
"Sweet Briar Lodge."
Editor Courier:
The name "Sweet Briar Lodge was
selected by myself and wile some 7
years ago, and among ourselves our
home has always hen called by that
name. We have used it some on our
stationary but never had it published
before. Should like some time to
write up our experiences moving to,
and our impressions of Oregon aud
especially of Clackamas county.
Respectfully,
' Win. Beard.
Oregon City R. F. B. No. 3.
Canby Farm Named "Pond Hollow."
The latest progressive farmer to
fall In line with the Courier's sugges
tion of naming the farms of the state,
an idea that has gained a host of
friends In all parts of this county,
and in even remote counties, where
the Courier is read, is B. J. Helvey,
one of the best known tillers of tho
soil In the vicinity of Canby, who has
named his fine tract of productive
land "Pond Hollow," as there is sit
uated on the, ii'artn, a picturesque
pond. Mr. Helvey's address is Can
by, Or., R. F. D. No. 1. .
"Center Park Farm.
"Center Park Farm" is the appropri
ate name selected by G. W. Wiugfield,
a well known resident of Russellville,
for his place, which is counted among
the best In the fertile region surround
ing Molalla, the garden spot of the
west. Mr. Wingflold's address Is Box
27, Molalla, Oregon, R. F. D. 1.
"Spring Hill Farm."
Oregon City Courier;
I like your Idea of naming our farm.
My farm of 240 acres lies 2 3-4 miles
southwest ot Molalla, Is appropriately
named, as there is a living spring the
year around at the foot of the hill
west of barn and house, which fur
nishes water sufficient for live stock
the year around. We call it "Spring
Hill Farm."
Yours respectfully,
E. K. DART.
Molalla, Or., R. D. No. 1, Box 04.
"Oak Point Farm.
The latest progressive resident of
Clackamas County to fall in line with
the Courier's Idea of naming farms Is
Dr. J. W. Thomas, Molalla's dentist,
who has selected "Oak Point Farm"
as a name for his tract of laud.
Pride of the Valley.
Dear Editor:,
Having noticed from time to time
our friend and neighbors are nam
ing their farms, we have decided to
call our place "Pride of the Valley."
We have a splendid out look and we
are just as proud of the place as
we can bo. Hem.eforth our home will
he known as "Pride of the Valley."
Respectfully Yours,
Mathias Paveletz,
Canby, Oregon, Route No. 1, Box 05.
View of Five Snow Caps.
Editor Courier: I am glad to see
so many naming their farms In
Clackamas County. It shows a great
er interest in the work and a fond
ness for the rural homes. Please print
500 letter heads and the same of en
velopes with my farm name on. We
selected the name of "Snow Cap
View" for our farm because we com
mand a view of five snow capped
mountains, and located In Washing
ton County seven miles south of Hllls
boro. Respectfully,
H. BIGELOW.
"The Lone Hickory Farm."
Mrs. J. B. Allen Ctme called In the
Courier office Saturday afternoon, and
stated t;at they have named their
fine 64 acre farm at Maple Lane,
"Lone Hickory," as there Is a" large
hickory tree growing on that place,
the only one in that section. They
have 33 acres of their place in cul
tivation, and raise vegetables, oats,
wheat and berries. Recently Secre
tary S. P. Davis, of the Publicity
Department of the Commercial Club
took photographs of the wheat on
"Lone Hickory" farm for use In adevr
tising the resources of old Clackamas.
"The Cottonwood."
Editor Courier:
I have noticed many farm names
In your pper, so I thought I would
name mine "The Cottonwood Farm,"
as there Is -a great deal of cotton
wood on the place. It Is situated 2',4
miles southeast of Canby.
A. W. RIGGS.
Calls It. "Golden West."
Editor Courier I have a nice little
farm of 80 acres located between
Macksburg and Molalla and am en
gaged in raising mixed crops, am also
In the dairy business, but I make a
specialty of breeding and raising
Pure Bred Poland China hogs and I
select the name "Golden West" for
my farm.
Your Truly,
FRED YOHANN.
Mountain Ash Farm.
Editor Courier:
Noting your suggestion in the Cour
ler to name farms, we have decided
to call our "The Mountain Ash Farm"
as this wood is growing so abundant
ly about here, and we have mads an
arch over our front gate. Our farm
is situated in the mountains in the
southern part of Ckicknmas county,
and consists of 450 acres. We like
the Idea of naming farms.
Yours truly,
S. R. TAYLOR,
Woorlburn, Or., Route No. 2.
Fairview Farm.
Editor Courier:
I like your Idea of naming our farms
and we have decided to call our farm
the Fulr View Farm, suggested by a
most magnificent view of Mt. Hood,
Mt. St, Helens and Mt. Adams. Our
farm is located about one mile south
of Oregon City. We have a green
house and raise tomatoes and other
small vegetables. We hear of many
in our neighborhood who are tp name
tiicir limns.
Very truly yours,
FRANK R. ANDREWS.
Oregon City, R. F. D. No. 1.
Selects "Ingleside.
Editor Oregon City Courier:
Our ambition has long been to make
our home mt ideal farm home, and for
this reason,, the name "Ingleside"
has been selected for a name for our
farm. We enge In diversified farm
'tig aud raise walnuts and fruit.
F. L. HUTCHINS,
Oregon City, R. F. D. No. 2
The Cedars Call.
Editor Oregon City Courier:
Situated on the banks of the Clack
amas River, our farm Is skirted by a
ow of beautiful cedar trees, which
form such an important part of the
uiljaoent landscape that we have
named our farm "The Cedars." We
have an orchard farm of 80 acres.
Your idea of naming the farms of the
county is a splendid one, and we
think It will meet with the approval
of nearly all the rural residents.
Respectfully yours,
J. A. BYERS,
Clackamas, Ore., R. F. D. No, 1.
Lone Cedar Dairy.
Editor Courier:
We are delighted with your idea of
naming the farms and we have de
cided to give our the name of "Lone
Cedar Dairy Farm." We devote our
attention to the dairy business largely,
being located In Upper Highland dis
trict, which Is considered a good dairy
country.
SCHRAM & CO., trop.
Oregon City, R. F. D. No. 4.
CALLS IT MOUNTAIN VIEW.
Editor Courier: We have a two
hundred acre farm and have a beau
tiful view of four snowy mountains
of the Cascade Range and will call
our place Mountain View. We have
a small dairy and some poultry and
raise hay and grain.
MRS. M. J. DICKEN.
R. F. D. No. 6, Oregon City, Ore.
"CRESCENT HEIGHTS POULTRY
FARM."
Oregon City Courier:
Gentlemen: We are Interested in
your suggestion to name farms and
have named our farm "Crescent
Height Poultry Farm." We have
twenty acres in fruit, principally ap
ples, and devote considerable of our
time to poultry raising. Our farm Is
situated on tho Clackamas toad, a
mllo and a half from Oregon City.
Respectfully yours,
T. M. KELLOGG,
Oregon City, Ore.
Calls It "Crescent Orchard."
Editor Oregon City Courier:
Will be pleased to have the name
of our orchard added to the "Courier
registered list of farms."
We have seven acres In fruit, prin
cipally apples, aud have chosen the
namo "Crescent Orchard." Our or
chard Is situated on Crescent Hill, on
a branch of the Abernathy road, 2
miles from court house.
Yiiurs respectfully,
S. R. COG AN.
Oregon City, Route 2.
Calls His Place "Tlroll."
Oregon City Courier:
I am very much interested In your
suggestion to name farms, and think
that this should be done by every
farmer In the county. We have given
our farm the name "The Tlroll" as
that Is the place where I first saw the
light of day. Our farm consists of
fifty-nine acres.
Very truly yours,
MICHAEL KROLL,
Oregon City, R. F. D. No. 3.
Calls His Farm "Walnut Creek Farm."
Editor Oregon City Courier. Being
heratlly in favor of your plan of nam
ing the farms, I would like to state
that I have named my place ."Walnut
Creek Farm," as I raise several acres
of walnuts in a grove on the bunk of
a pretty creek that runs through my
property. My farm consists of 110
acres, and I raise a variety of things,
chiefly goals and sheep. We reside
about two miles from the old Stafford
postofilce. Respectfully yours,
J. R. DeNEUI,
R. F. I). No. 5, Sherwood, Or.
Calls It the Pioneer Fruit Farm.
Oregon City Courier:
Have noticed your Idea of naming
the farms of Clackamas County, and
this plan meets with my heartiest ap
proval. As I have been In the fruit
raising business in my present loca
tion for the past thirty years, I think
I am entitled to namo my place the
"Pioneer Fruit Farm." My farm Is
located in Crescent Ridge near Clack
amas Heights, on tho Abernethy road.
Have fifteen acres in apples, pears,
cherries and peaches.
Very truly yours,
C. R. LIVESAY.
Oregon City, Or., R. F. D. No. 6.
Phasant View Home.
Editor Oregon City Courier:
We have a fifty-acre farm, and the
beautiful view we have of Mount Hood
aud Arthur's Prairie suggests the
name "Pleasant View Farm." Ours
Is a garden farm, with a small orch
ard In connection.
M. H. RIEBHOFF,
Oregou City, Or., R. F. D. No. 2.
"Maple Lawn Farm" Sounds Good.
Courier. After some consideration
we have named our ranch "Maple
Lawn Farm." We have a place of
100 acres, and engage in diversified
farming. Thlnlk your dea of naming
the farms a capital one, and one that
should be carried out all over the
E. F. BOECKMAN,
Sherwood, Or., R. F. D. No. 5.
The State Fair Poultry Exhibit.
The Oregon State Fair date is Sep
tember 13 to 18, and I wish to call
the attention of poultry-keepers gen
erally to the poultry exhibit at this
Fair. This exhibit at previous fairs
has been well suported and superior
to many of our western states. We
wish, however, to make the coming
exhibit the best that has yet been
held, equal if not superior to that of
the best state fair lu the west. And
it can be done.
The poultry show is an attractive
feature of every state fair, and poul
try keepers should take a pride in
seeing the poultry Industry well rep
resented at this fair. We know the
poultry Industry Is one of the most
important in the state, hut a great
many people do not look at It that
way, and it Is often the fault of those
Interested In the industry that they
do. Let us show that the poultry in
terest can make as good a showing
at the State Fair as any of the other
Industries represented. It can be
made one of the most attractive as
well as Instructive features of the
show. The poultry department of a
State Fair is not for, the special bene
fit of poultry breeders and exhibitors;
it is a part of the general scheme of
the Fair management to have every
Industry represented at the Fair In
order that the Fair as a whole may
he attractive and Instructive to visit
ors generally, and It rests largely with
the poultrynten themselves to see
that their own Industry Is properly
represented. Let us send to the Fair
such an array of exhibits as will Im
press the public with the fact that
the poultry industry Is worthy of con
sideration. The dairymen, " and the
horsemen and the fruit men will not
boost our business; we must do that
ourselves.
Another point I want to mention.
There Is great Interest being develop
ed lu poultry-keeping In this state.
People In this state are studying bet
ter methods of poultry-keeping, and
people in eastern states are writing
letters, aslkng if poultry can be raised
successfully In this country. The Ag
ricultural College can hardly fill the
demand for such Information. There
fore, let us make an exhibit that will
show that good poultry can be raised
here, and the visiting public at the
Fair will be pleased and the poultry
breeders will be pleased in increased
orders for stock.
Hundreds of thousands of dollars
are sent out of this state every year
for, poultry and eggs. How to keep
that money at home is a vital prob
lem. A good poultry exhibit at the
Fair by stimulating a greater Interest
in poultry-keeping, will go a long way
towards solvlnc this nroblem.
First, we want an exhibit that will'
appeal to the fancier or breeder of
pure-bred stock; second, we want an
exhibit that will appeal to the man
who is less Interested In breeding ex
hibition fowls as he Is In practical
methods of poultry culture. A suc
cessful state fair poultry exhibit must
have both. If we can do our part the
poultry buildings will be crowded
with visitors, and the poultry exhibit
will be the most talked of feature of
the fair after it Is over.
An extension to the main poultry
building, 4x75 feet, has been con
structed. With this addition to the
display space a larger and more at
tractive exhibit can be made. The
main building Is being thoroughly ren
ovated and better lighted. The main
building will be devoted entirely to
chickens, the water fowl, turkey, etc.,
being provided for in the new build
ing. There will be several new features
added to the exhibit. Among them will
be a model poultry house and yard
with a flock of fowls in it. A modern
colony house will house the fowls and
a portable poultry fence will confine
them on green sod In front of the main
building. A nice flock of some 25
pure-bred Jowls will demonstrate the
use of this house. We would like also
to show as an object lesson a poor
type of hoime and yard, with a mixed
lot of chickens of all si.eB, shape and
color, such as Is frequently found In
the backyard or on the farm. If,
therefore, some board of health or
sanitary Inspector will condemn a
house of this tyre and donate It to the
Fair, we will set It up where It will
show by contrast the difference be
tween what it should be and what It
frequently Is not.
It Is nlso planned to have a dressed
fowl exhibit to demonstrate good and
poor types of market fowls and ap
proved methods of dressing, also to
show the market qualities of different
breeds as table fowl. The plan Is to
show side by side well fattened as
well as poorly fattened ones, and
well dressed and poorly dressed spe
cimens. Specimens of several of the
popular breeds will be shown dressed
No provision has been made for prizes
for dressed fowl, If this- can be arrang
ed for, announcement will be made
of the fact later.
I hope to send out later more com
plete details of the exhibit; meantime
we wish our poultry friends would do
two things: 1. Boost the poultry
industry and slto; 2nd Look over their
flocks of chickens and their neigh
bors' chickens, and let us see what
section of the state can make the best
showing at the State Fair.
Any one wishing a premium list
should write to F. A. Welch. Secre
tary State Fair, Salem, Oregon. This
Is a very nice booklet and contains
all necessary Information for Intend
ing exhibitors. Also ask for entry
blanks and fill thetn out and send
them to the Secretary. If I can fur
nish you any additional Information,
please write me, addressing me as fol
lows:
JAMES DRYDEN,
Sup't Poultry Dept. State Fair, care
of O. A. C, Corvallls, Oregon.
July 30, 1909.
A Watering Cart for Fertilizer.
I have often thought It might be
possible to collect the liquids from a
stable separate from the solids and
apply them through a watering cart,
hut all to whom I have spoken said It
was Impracticable, because no form
of strainer had been devised that
would not clog within a few minutes.
I have had several experiences, in a
garden of the value of liquid manure.
applied through a common watering
pot, and I see no reason why the same
quick and valuable results should not
follow the application to farm crops.
Can you tell me of a practical meth
od of constructing a pit so that the
liquid contents will collect In such
a way that It can be dumped, either
over the pit, or taken to the field in
proper conveyances for distribution.
W. G. W.
It is well-nigh Impossible to obtain
the liquids so clear that they will run
freely through an ordinary strainer.
We are told tbat large watering
carts are fitted with pipes, through
which the liquids run over a board at
the back of the cart, giving a fairly
even distribution. Probably every
farmer knows from experience that
the liquids contain the most effective
part of the manure. These liquids con
tain the part of the food which is ful
ly digested, and, of course, this means
that they are most soluble. In "The
Fertility of the Land," Roberts gives
several statements about quantity and
value of manure. One report from
Denmark states that the average for
twelve cows during a period of one
year was:
Milk 7,519 pounds
Solid manure 18,432 pounds
Liquids 6,454 pounds.
The liquids contain a large propor
tion of the potash 7olded by the ani
mal and over 60 per cent of the notrl
geh. A barrel of fresh liquids would
be much like a barrel of water con
taining two pounds ot notrate of soda
and one and a half pounds of mulrate
of potash. Such a liquid will be best
suited for quick-growing crops, and
when used In the" original form it is
usually sprinkled over grass or grain
early in the season or put In the gar
den. A more practical plan is to build
a concrete pit or cistern a little low
er than the stable. Have a concrete
stable floor and pipe to the pit so as
to carry off the liquid as fast as
made. Pile the solids on top of this
pit with a pipe through the center for
a bucket pump. At intervals pump
the liquids from the pit and pour them
over the manure. Then when you haul
and spread the eollds you have the
entire thing at one operation. Many
farmers feel that where they use
plenty of bedding to absorb the liquids
and haul out the manure every uay
or so they get more out of it than
they would to go to the expense of
handling over and over, "Rural New
Yorker."
A Good Barn Floor.
In reading many artloles about barn
building, and especially the construc
tion of floors, none has seemed quite
as- satisfactory as the one in use on
our farm. The floor is an ordinary
cement one, but when It was laid an
open space where the horses stand
was left in the cement, because ex
perience had taught that this kind of
floor is too hard on animals.
The open space was about 11 Inches
deep when the rest of the floor was
finished, and Into this space was
dumped enough coal cinders to make
5 Inches when well packed down. The
surface of the cinders was made per
fectly smooth and tamped down very
solid, nd then a very light coat of
sand was put on top. Pine fence
posts sawed Into blocks six inches
long at the mill, the cost being trifling,
were set on end in the space as close
ly together as they could be fitted.
Where there was a large space a
piece of block was wedged Into the
place, and it was made as compact
as possible. Then they were covered
with sand, so as to fill all cracks, and
a plank was laid on top to pound them
down firmly. More sand .was applied
as needed to fill every crevice. When
finished the blocks were about one
Inch higher than the cement floor back
of the horses, with a slope from front
to back of stall of about 2 Inches.
American Agriculturist.
Strawberries Canned to Keep.
During my housekeeping experience
I have tried many methods of canning
strawberries all of them unsatisfac
tory, until a year -or two since I ate
some at the house of a friend which
were perfect. Of course I asked for
her process, which she kindly gave
me, and I can vouch for its superior
ity over any of the usual methods.
Select the darkest colored berries
for canning. Make a Byrup of 5
quarts water and 6 pounds sugar, boil
ing It down to a gallon. Hull the ber
ries and drop Into the can as you hull
them. Shake the can gently from
time to time so as to get In as many
berries as possible. When the cans
are all full pour the syrup, boiling
hot over them. Put on the rubbers,
screw the tops tight and drop the cans
Into a kettle of boiling water and re
move from the Are.
Cover the kettle closely and allow
It to stand until cold. Have plenty
of boiling water; for a crate of ber
ries use a wash boiler half full of
water. When the cans are cold go
over all the tops, tightening any which
may be loose. Keep In a cool, dark
closet. It Is well to wrap the cans
In brownpaper. They will keep their
color and the flavor Is little, if any,
Impaired. If the syrup Is left, teop
it until another lot of fruit 1b canned.
All small fruits are equally delici
ous and satisfactorily prepared by
the foregoing method. Blackberries
are Improved by the addition of
cup vinegar and a stick of cinnamon
to the syrup.
I have not myself used th'ls meth
od for the larger fruits, but a neighbor
put up all her peaches and pears by
thlB rule last season and they kept
perfectly and were of superior flavor.
NOTICE TO THRESHERMEN.
The Courier has published and has
on sale some very handy order books
with time pages attached, for the use
of Threshermen. Already several
Threshermen "throughout the county
have called for these books and have
expressed themselves as finding the
books Just what they need to not only
have a signed order from their custom
ers, but also to have a handy time
record for men In their employ. Call
at the Courier and get one of these
handy record books.
Small Farms Wanted.
We have many Inquiries for farms,
both large and small, we cannot till.
We advertise extensively, and have
good Eastern connections. For quick
sale list your farms with us. We can
sell where others fall.
IOWA-DAKOTA LAND CO.
418 Swetland Bldg., Portland Oregon.
Cures the baby's croup, Willie's
dally cuts and bruises, mama's sore
throat, grandma's lameness Dr. Tho
mas' Electric Oil the great house
hold remedy.
Mrs. Mabel Glltnati, who was taken
seriously III on the street car Monday
evening, is Improving slowly.