' MEATS
Almost a Famine. Improved Methods oil "N
From time to time the United States
pepartment of Commerce and Labor
Jaa received reports from its various
lonsuls In Germanj giving accounts
tl a meat famine In the Faderland.
The scarcity of cattle In Germany Is
probably due primarily to the strict
laws of that country forbidding Impor
tation of live stock from countries In
which certain animal diseases are
known to exist The elaborate and
complicated system of Inspections and
prohibitions Imposed upon the Impor
tation of meats and domestic animals
by the mw meat Inspection law of
Germany, 'which went Into effect a few
months ago, had the effect of Increas
ing the prices of pork, beef, veal and
mutton by diminishing the available
supply. On account of a few cases of
Texas fever which existed among the
cattle coming from the southern and
Western part of the United States, live
stock from this country are excluded;
similarly because cases of foot and
mouth disease were known to exist in
Russia, Denmark and Sweden, cattle
from those countries are likewise de
nied admission.
Soon after the new Inspection law
was put into effect the Imports of live
etock and meat supplies greatly de
creased until the situation In Germany
was extremely grave. Prices asked for
uUY ELLIOTT MITCHH.
ways Is very complete. Ample clean
ing facilities are constantly employed
and these in conjunction with power
ful ventilating fans keep the estab
lishment clean and odorless.
Every animal that enters the Berlin
abattoir is inspected to see whether
It is fit to kill. After animals are put
to death those whose flesh is consid
ered absolutely dangerous are de
stroyed. Owing to the prevalence of
poverty the German authorities are un
willing to waste anything that can be
saved. Animals killed are divided into
four cl- The first class consists
of meat which is thoroughly sound;
this Is allowed to go to general mar
kets. The second class consists of
anlmali having pome pmall local dis
ease which does not taint thn bulk nf
the meat. The affected parts only are
esiroyea and the rest Is sold dlrectlv
to poor consumers In onantltles not
exceeding six pounds. The third cls
Is that which is of a quality so dis
eased tkat it cannot be safely sold in
a raw state. However, It may be eaten
without detrimental results If thor.
oughly sterilized. It Is accordingly sub
jected to a temperature of from 220 to
230 degrees In a steam boiler and then
sold to the poor, like the re3t. The
iourw ciass animals are those Which
dressed meat went nulte beyond the are so diseased as to merit total de
reach of many working people in thestruutlon. While It may appear loath-
m
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Scene in American
Slaughter House,
How they
do it
in Germany,
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great busy cities. While It was report,
ed that the butchers and meat mer
chants were taking advantage of the
situation and charging double prices,
Investigation showed that they were
in reality In serious difficulties, for in
stead of increased profits they were
making less money than belch e the
law went into effect. A number of
them announced to the municipal au
thorities their intention to relinquish
their business. Mass meetings have
been held by citizens and meat dealers
with an endeavor to induce the au
thorities to make the meat inspection
laws less stringent, but do far without
result
The model abattoir and cattle man
kets of Europe at the present time are
to be found in Germany. There are
extensive and well equipped establish
ments In Beveral large cities, but those
which are the newest with the latest
Improvements and regarded as the beat
of all are at the old university town
of Halle and at Mannheim on the
Rhine. These are almost duplicate
plants.
Ms early as 1878 there were city
abattoirs at Munnholm, ouo for Jews
and one for Christians. In 1890 It was
decided to construct a single new abat
toir In connection with the new mar
ket. This was completed In May, 1900.
This latter abattoir Is a model of per
fection, ample provision being made
for receiving animals and shipping
dressed carcasses. Tho visitor (loos
not receive suggestions of slaughter
ing through any appearance of blood
on surrounding walls, nor does he
smell it in the air, ns In many of the
American slaughter houses. Build
ings are of brick, stone, Iron and gloss,
of good appearance, substantially and
admirably adapted to their respective
purposes. All are supplied with hot
and cold water, live steam, electric
lights and either ct,nrn or electric
power. These operate a grout i-Wr
of mechanical l'ltmr-savlng appliances
The hoisting apparatus Is handled so
that manual HftlnR Is almost wholly
avoided, and by suspended tromways.
carcasses and other heavy parts mny
be moved In all directions In the kill
ing hnlls. Artificial ventilation Is also
provided so that every apartment may
be supplied with currents of fresh air,
dry, and either cold or warm as de
sired. The rooms for slaughter are
large, light and airy. Instead of little
pens as la the usual case In France,
the arrangements at Mannheim are for
a separate hall for every kind of ani
mal and a regular corps of llopnqprt
butchers is employed by the establish
ment Butchering Is, comparatively speak
ing, humnnelv done. The larire ani
mals are killed by a percussion gun
attached to the head with a mask, and
the smaller ones are stunned by s
blow on the head and then bled. Of
course, the Jewish butchering Is ac
complished by a different method nnrt
according to the rites prescribed bv
that rellelon. Inspectors are present
to supervise the slaucbter and everv
quarter passed and snnroved for mar
ket Is properly branded.
I The system of general drainage. Bub-
A moITABLE AITLE TREE.
chard as large as an acre in extent
was visited. Observations were made
on such factors as location, site, as
pect, soil, management, distance be
tween trees, pruning, present condition
of the orchard, orchard troubles, etc.
The agent of the New York station
found that for orchards tilled five
years or more there was an Increased
yield of nbnt 80 per cent, over or
chards which had been five years or
more in sod. This greater yield in the
tilled orchards was found not to be
due entirely to cultivation, as the man
who tills bis orchard usunlly gives It
better care as regards fertilizers
sprnvlng, pruning, etc.
Figures were compiled of orchards
In sod which were used as pasturage
for live stock. Wnlle It was found
rranean conduits and service tram- that hogs were least and cattle most
some to American people to have a
housewife buy meat from diseased an
imals, yet under such a system as is
adopted In Germany, when one goes to
the market house to buy a piece of
sound meat he Is assured of getting It.
He at least does not buy bad or dls
eased meat, thinking it Is first rate.
Injurious In the orchard pasturing, the
uruuara wun neuner eneep or hogs re
sulted In better yields than those not
pastured. The fertilized orchards
yield an average increase of 55 bush
els per acre over those to which no
fertilizer had been applied. Data was
collected of the value of SDrayine ai
pies and it was shown that while 8,430
bushels of sprayed apples brought an
average of $2.02 per bushel. 6.365 bush
els of unsprayed apples brought but
11.80 per bushel.
The effect of distance between trees
planted before 1880 was studied in its'
relation to yield. Taking figures from
an average of four years it was found
that trees planted 30 by 30 feet apart
yield 186 bushels per acre; trees 31 by
31, to 35 by 35 feet apart, 222 bushels
per acre, and trees 36 by 36 to 40 by 40
feet apart yield 229 bushels per acre a
year. Observations in the counties
showed that while the sltet Is not a
very Important factor the best site is
doubtless one that Is sufficiently ele
vated to give pood opportunity for air
and for water drainage and not so high
as to be especially exposed to the wind.
This survey of the New York section
covering, as it does, the actual nrac-
tices of farmers In two of the most im
portant fruit-growing counties of New
York, and giving the actual results In
yields and Income by different meth
ods of treatment In hundreds of or
chards, Is on a sufficiently large scale
to make the results obtained of more
than uBual value and interest. It is
exceedingly gratifying to find that the
cultural methods long recommended
by experiment stations as a result of
trials on a small scale hold true when
applied to orcharding on a commercial
scale.
A Brooder for a Dollar
The Department of Agriculture has
recently published a method of con
structing a chicken brooder, the total
cost of which might come well within
$1.00. Such a brooder has been given
careful trial by the Connecticut experi
ment Btation, and has given excellent
results when used in a shed or colony
house. The lower section of the brood
er which contains the lamp for heating
is a box 8 ft square made of 10 Inch
boards and covered with tin or gal
vanized Iron. About this cover, around
the edges of the lamp box, one inch
strips are nailed. Two one inch holes
are bored through these strips on each
side of the box for the purpose J ven
tilation. A floor of matcheu ooards la
laid on the strips. A hole 8 fetches In
diameter Is cut In the center of this
floor and over It Is turned an old tin
Apple Growing.
The Department of Agriculture of
ten receives communications from
farmers who are maintaining that the
practical agriculturist docs not have
much faith In experiments conducted
at experiment stations, as they are
on such a small scalo that great
weight cannot be attached to the re
sults. The statement is made that
were these experiments made on a
large scale or under conditions such
as confront the farmer himself, tney
might prove more valuable. Taking
this standpoint as a rule to follow the
New York experiment station through
the Department of Agriculture has re
ported the results of an examination
of 1,138 apple orchards covering S,-
G-12 acres In Wayne and Orleans
counties, New York. Both of these
counties are extensive apple growing
regions. In one township every or-
1
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s
'n.
. 4
2s
Up-to-Dale Weather Reports.
The latest work upon which the
United States Weather Bureau has en
tered is a system of meteorological ob
servations from vessels at sea by wire
less telegraphy and the simultaneous
Issuance of weather forecasts and
storm warnings to those vessels. The
Weather Bureau has prepared a special
code by means of which exact lnforma
tlon as to date and hour, latitude and
longitude of the vessel, atmospheric
pressure, temperature, force and direc
tion of the wind, and the character of
the sky are all compressed into four
words. As soon as any coast wireless
telegraph station receives such dis
patch from vessels, the message is to
be delivered at once to the Weather
Bureau at Washington. Should the
contents of this message be of such
Importance as to demand special storm
warnings, notices will be prepared and
dispatched by wireless telegraphy to
all vessels in the vicinity affected. The
value of such a service might be cited
when the experience of the steamship
Campania Is remembered. On October
11 last, this liner was caught In a hur
ricane. The storm was found to have
had no great area and it is stated by
the Weather Bureau that had the sys
tem proposed been in use at that time,
warning of Its existence might have
enabled the Campania and other ves
sels to avoid its center of activity. An
other feature of great value in this
THE DOLLAR BROODER.
pan 10 inches in diameter, the sides of
the pan being full of holes to allow
free circulation of heat. Over this is
placed a table 2 feet 6 inches square
wltn legs 4 inches high. Around the
sides of this table Is tacked a curtain
of old felt cut from top to bottom at
intervals of five or six Inches to allow
the chicks to pass in and out at will,
the whole being surrounded by boards
4 Inches high and 3 inches long nailed
together at the corners and resting on
the floor of the brooder. When the
chicks are ten days old one of these
boards may be taken away and the
bridge used so that the chicks may run
from the hover to the floor of the
room. The description of the brooder
can be found in Farmers' Bulletin No.
287. which can be had upon application
to members of Congress or to the Sec
retary of Agriculture.
Doable-Yolked Eggs.
Squire Meadows, who lived down at
Four Corners, was classed as a "mean
old son-of-a-gnn." He didn't mind
buying new farm implements every
year and allowing them to rust and
ruin out in the winter rains and snows,
but he would not buy his wife a sew
ing machine or a dish-washing ma
chine to lessen the labors of house
work. She was never allowed spend
ing HToney, and whenever anything
ncessary was wanted for the house
the Squire always went himself to the
village store and made a trade of some
farm stuff for the article desired.
One day the good wife wanted a
package of darning needles, and told
her husband so.
"Now, Abagail,'' he said, "what's
ther- use of pettin' so 'stravagant?
Winter's coming on, an' thnr's that
fodder cutter ter buy; can't yer get
along somehow with less?"
The argument ended by a reduction
to a single needle. Squire Meadows
took a fresh laid egg down to the coun
try store and inquired of the store
keeper whether he would trade a
darning needle for an egg. The owner
was willing and the trade was made,
Now it seems that this store, in ad
dition to being a grocery, dry goods
establishment and post office, was
also one where liquid refreshments
were dispensed. The owner was
known as a man of great cordiality
to his customers, often inviting them
to a "treat on him."
The Squire, having made the trade.
looked around at the array of botdea
. fill
ill f-'TF -XffTCr I
FACKINQ APPLES FOR SHIPMENT.
proposed system is that the Weather
Bureau will thus be enabled to send to
trans-Atlantic liners and other vessels,
information as to the limit of fog and
ice on the Grand Banks so that by
slightly altering their course they may
steer clear of these dangers.
SECRETARY SHAW WAS I ATE.
He Narrowly Escaped ''Call Down"
by Vigilant Watchman.
Secretary of the Treasury Shaw was
three minutes late in reaching the Treas
ury Department the ofher morning and
narrowly esccaped being' held up by the
vigilant watchman ?.t the door.
It was raining w'icn he arrivei and
he hurried through one of the seldom
used entrances to the building.
It is one of the regulations of his de
partment that all employes arriving late
shall register the time of their arrival
at a desk near the entrance.
Mr. Shaw did not consider himself
amenable to this regulation and hurried
to the elevator to go to his office, on the
second floor. The watchman noticed his
apparent carelessness in not registering,
and, not recognizing him, hurried after
the Secretary to remind him of his neg
lect. When the watchman reached the ele
vator, however, he heard the conductor
address his passenger as "Mr. Secre
tary."
The watchman's activity ceased immediately.
Secretary Shaw remarked later in the
day that he was sorry he did net pe
back and register, aa all good emlys
are reguired to dc
on the shelf, and, smacking his Hps,
said:
"Why, sny, look yore Terkins, they
say yer treat yer customers pretty
well at times ter somethin' stronger'n
wo tor?"
"Sure," responded tho storekeeper,
"Whafll ytr hev?"
"Oh, I guess mine'Il be eherry'n
egg."
Ferkins went over to the shelf,
brought out the i gg just traded in by
the Sqnire, broke it into the glass and
was prepared to pour in the liquor,
when Meadows yelled out:
"Say, look yere, Perkins, Ciat thar
egg I brung yer is a double-yelker;
don't yer owe me another darnta'
needle?''
The Future Mikado ?
They can do things In Japan we
could never even dream of doing. The
imperial family of Japan dwells to
gether in harmony under circumstances
that would cause domestic discord, if
not absolute disruption, in an everyday
American family. Her majesty the
Empress is several years older than
her illustrious spouse, the Mikado, and
though she Is the only wife he has ever
had she Is not the mother of the five
children the crown prince and four
princes of whom the Emperor is the
father. In case she should become the
mother of a son, whlcl. as she is fifty-,
six years old. Is exceedingly improb
able, the illegitimate thildren of the
Wmperor would have :o stand aside
New they are accorded the full honors
due to memben of Uw imperial family.
DO YOU USE
ACETYLENE
?
If so, we want to send you
A 6AMPIE BURNER
the verv best and the cheapest
l!n nf Afptv1pn.- T?i -pr.5 Our sample will show better J
thr) we can explair iiere zty i? "sould pay you, to cse .
gamers. j
Write ns todky, mention kind cf Generator used, enclose 8 cents in !
stamps to cover postage, and we will send you I
A SAMPLE BURNER.
w.ti. asm new yo?K, n. y. J
The Most Satisfactory, Light
The Angle Lamp la not tha only method of lighting your borne but taken all
in all, it is the most satisfactory.
for while it floods your room wltn ttie finest, sortest ana most resuming,
tnalslQgyour borne more cosy and inviting. It requires almost as little attention at
gas ui ciouiiiu iiKUl, IB eiuiyia iuiu uuuveuieui w uyoiaia w di.uu. -
vally costi lesa to burn than the ordinary troublesome old style lamp.
(plains bow this new principle applied to burning
common kerosene bas so completely done away
mitt, oil th nmnliA. odor and bother of ordinary
lamps that such people as ex-Pres. Cleveland, the
Rockefellers, Carnegies, Cookea, etc, who
i wouldn't think of using ordinary was, bavt
-THE-
Angle Lamp
' for lizhtinr their homes and estates In preference
to gas or electricity, gasoline, acetylene, or any other method of lighting. ,
This catalog tells how the special Angle burner and the shape jf the glassware (see above
illustration) give combustion so perfect that the Angle Lamp never smokes or smells whether
burned at full height or turned low; why the lamp is lighted and extinguished like gas; the advan
tage of having the under-shadow of other lamps done away with completely, also why the Angle
Lamp burns ii to H less oil than any other for the same amount of light. And then oilers you a
OA riovc Tslnl And tt does more gWes you the benefit of our ten yean eiperlence Kith all lighting
Ov yaja 1 M. Idl methods. Before you forget It beforevou turn orer thli letf write for ct&log"15,
listing wrlities of Tho Angle Limp from ue o; 1 H E ANGLE M FG. CO 78-S Hnrray St., New York.
40 BULOS, 25 Cents.
Tnr in or out of doors prowinflf Gloxinia, Befronia, Iris,
Hcilla, TiiIhtorps, Jonquils, Daffodils, Oxalis, FreeMn.
Tulips, HyarinMifl, Crocus, Japan Lily, Snowdrops,
Narcissus, Allium, Chlonodoxa, l'awinio. For .?.,
Btamps or coin, we will send this niattnf flcent collection
of bulbs, and nlno as a premium a fine CD E? E?
collection of flower Bccria, 250 varieties, rliCC
Orlprto-flay,anii be sure to pretthpmintime for planting.
"Food For Plants
A handsomely Illustrated 250-page book, answers
every question about tne value of Nitrate of Sodt as a
fertilizer. Prepared and Published for free distribu
tion by the Nitrate Propaganda, 12 John St., N.Y.
Send name and address on post
card for a copy of the book.
Nitrate Propaganda, Anderson Buildinc, New York
' .J .
it 10 cti. and return u thtrry
Aecordeon. We llM fglv
Vrnphoilione & other
TRUE BLUECa.UGpl,
Thli
Grand
Solo
Accor-
deon
for Belling SS5 package!
lftluiiiK At 10 eta. It'i a
beauty. Tm keyi, S itnpii,
bonizod cim, double bel
lows, protoc ton and clasps.
Jpu can earn it in ft day.
Ve tr nit yoisv Bond
for Bluing, if II the package
ney. Then we aend you th
'inllna. Guitar. Mandolin.
elegant preient. Wrltenow.
4B5, BOSTON. MASS,
HOW TO MAKE SCHOOL GARDENS.
By II. D. Hemenway.
This supsrestive little book is a practical manual of school pardeninar for both
teacher and pupil, and supplies the first adequate work of the sort in this country.
This volume is based on actual experience (the author is an authority and director
of the Hartford School of Horticulture).
CONTENTS : Introduction; How to Make a Garden; Twenty-One Lessons
in Garden Work May to September; Bibliography; Lessons in Greenhouse Work;
Planting Seed, Potting, etc.; Root Grafting; Lessons in Budding.
Size, 5x7; pages, 107; binding, cloth; illustrations, 26.
jBy special arrangement with Doubleday, Page & Co., I am able forthe present
iu make the following
SPECIAL OFFER.
Thenew,'(?(7rif? Magazine, 6 months, and How to Make School
(gardens, $1.00 edition, postpaid, both for $1.00
.The GARDEN MAGAZINE is finely illustrated, and Is the finest magazine of
its kind (f published in America. To take advantage of this special offer, orders
shoulcLbo sent.at once to H. D. Hemenway, Hartford, Connecticut.
This offer may be withdrawn at any time. (
fire Sold Direct From Factory and in No Other Way
YOU SAVE FROM $75 to $200
wnen you Duy win? riano, you buy atwhole
sale. You pay tho actual cost of making it with
only our wholesale profit added. When you buy
a piano, as many still do at retail you pay the
retail dealer's store rent and other expenses.
You pay his profit and the commission or salary
of the agents or salesmen he employs all these
on top of what the dealer himself has to pay to
the manufacturer. The retail profit on a piano
Is from $75 to $200. Isn't this worth saving?
SENT ON TRIAL ANYWHERE
WE PAY FREIGHT. ...
NO MONEY IN ADVANCE
We will place a Wing Piano In any home In the
United States on trial, without asking for any ad
vance payment or deposit. We pay the freight
and all other charges in advance. There Is
nothing to be paid either before the piano Is sent
or when it Is received. If the piano Is not satis
factory after 20 days' trial in your home, we take
It back entirely at our expense. You pay us noth
ing, and are under no more obligation to keep
the piano than If you were examining It at our
factory. There can be absolutely no risk or ex
pense to you.
Do not Imagine that It Is Impossible for us to da
as we say. Our system Is so perfect that we can
without any trouble deliver a piano in the smallest
town In any part of the United States just as
easily as we can in new I om city, and with ab
solutely no trouble or annoyance to you, and
without anvthine being paid in advance or on
arrival either for freight or any other expense.
We take old pianos and organs in exchange.
A guarantee for 1 2 years against any defect In
tone, action, workmanship or material Is given
wild every yvingTiauv.
mont h?y Payments
In 38 years over 42,000 Wing Pianos
have been manufactured and sold. They are recom
mended by seven governors of States, by musical
colleges and schools, by prominent orchestra leaders,
music teachers and musicians. Thousands of these
pianos are In your own State, some of them undoubt
edly In your very neighborhood. Our catalogue con
tains names and addresses.
Mandolin, Guitar, Harp, Zither.Banjo
The tones of any or all of these Instruments may
be reproduced perfectly by any ordinary player on the
Piano by means of our Instrumental Attachment.
This Improvement Is patented by us and cannot be
had in any other piano. WING ORGANS are made
with the same care and sold In the same way as Wing
. wv. wermsiv m &.IU CailKjg Milt QIHOqUMt.
i ' Tbe Boot
V-v.'''.-.; Pianos"
YOU NEED THIS BOOK
UYou Intend to Buy i Pianos-No Matter What Mikt
A tuuilr Hnf a AstalAmn V. - ft. ....
Bon powemed br expm. It tells about th clllTr X.
Don jwoww-d dt expert, u toils abouuhe difTerpnt matT A
enaliued indifferent part, of apluiioitbe ar Uie dil- X.
ferait iwrttare put togetherj what caiues pianos to irot , X
out of order.iid.n fact .is a complete encyclopedia, ft AfSX
makes tht selection of a piano easy. If i-eid rarB- S1
tully.rt will mate" you a judire of toneTirt X
,u,,j.. "... j . juiiko or rone, action.
Wnrkmailsbtn and flnbth Ttfeil. nn h.. - .
nluintnl hnW trt tell nwri f..M tZ.. -X
lulelTlhe onlTbook of its Kind ever published.
lllnstrations. all devoted to nianr mns,r,..,i., X .0
luiuauieis me uw. n vonipieie inrorma. M & r
Bon AtKWt rianoa. " We . ..I it e TT X-O. J
anToDowUhlna-to buyarlaio, All you 358-369 W 13
addr. a. f St., New York
Oeada Potal To-day while you r $ i H,. .
think of It just (rtint jinr name X tojhtnamcand
and addrew. or send Ihenttaclied f S f adJrtSS Written Mow,
rVuifiAn si n rt r ht Va lnii nl a rw. is as AT a m 1
WING
a son
WING & SON
about the ii riAHO, with
prices, terms oi payment, cto.
uy auui
tht Book of C.om!rt, .
' formation about Pianos.
also trices and terms of tav.
'tnent on Wins Pianos.
358-360 W. 13th 8tH New York'
1868 38th Tear 1006
4