' age reservoir built there, not only for
the benefit of Wyoming, but for Ne
braska as -well. The Secretary has set
aside $2,250,000 for the Shoshone
River, Wyoming, project and $3,330,000
for the Pathfinder project on North
Platte Elver, to be partially expended
for the benefit of Nebraska. Thus
about 15 per cent, of the entire re
clamation fund will be laid out in Wy
oming, although she has contributed
only about 4 per cent, of the fund.
Scenes along the Platte and the Sho
shone canyon are among the wildest
and most picturesque in America.
Second to Wyoming comes the terri
tory of Arizona, with the great Salt
River project at an estimated cost of
about four million dollars, requiring
upwards of 9 per cent, of the entire
reclamation fund, although Arizona
has contributed less than 1 per cent.
It la stated by the engineers that the
opportunities for water storage in Ari
zona are, next to Wyoming, the best
In tke arid West, while the soil of that
territory la not only extremely fertile
and lying at a moderate altitude, but
the climate Is semi-tropical and under
careful cultivation, ten or even five
acres will support a family. Southern
California to-day, with a similar soil
and climate, has thousands of pros
perous little five and ten acre farms.
The third State in order of irrigation
benefits in Montana, which, although
lying far north, has a splendid water
supply and likewise rich land. Actual
construction has been begun by the
Government on the Yellowstone,
where, owing to the plentiful flow of
water, none of the embarrassing com
plications of vested water rights ex
ist, which have prevented work thus
far on the upper Missouri River and
on the Milk River. The funds allotted
to Montana for the Huntley, Lower
Yellowstone and Milk River projects
amount to over three million dollars,
or nearly nine per cent, of the fund,
which is in excess of the amount con
tributed by Montana.
The fourth. State la order of benefits
is Nevada, contributing the least
money to the fund but probably most
needing the benents. It was, in fact,
through the dire wants of this State
that the law received Us Inception, be
ing first known as the Newlauds bill,
this unique plan of automatlo appro
priation being originated and Intro
duced by Senator Newlands. then a
Representative, in tha spring of 1901.
Following Nevada come Idaho,
Washington, Colorado, Nebraska,
South Dakota, Oregon, North Dakota,
Oklahoma, Utah, Kansas, and lastly
New Mexico.
Throughout these States Govern
ment surveyors and engineers are
working upon many Interesting pro
jects where Btrong rivers rush down
out of the mountains in time of heavy
spring floods, but which will be Im
pounded behind great masonry dams
to form storage lakes whence the water
will later be diverted Into the Irri
gation canals and used for crops on the
desert soils. Thousands of prosperous
homes will be the result when these
works are completed, and the great
West, which Is to-day in reality but a
sparsely settled community, will be
come more rounded out and better bal
anced against the more populous East
ern half of the country.
JUDGE GROSSCUP'S SOLUTION.
NOTED JURIST WOULD ESTAIILISU
COURT OF TRANSPORTATION
TO REGULA TE RAILROADS,
Numerous Rate Bills Before Congress
at Present. Senator Morjron Opens
Discussion, General Public Desires
More Enlightenment.
Whether or not there is to be the
specific railroad rate legislation In
Congress alter the lines of the vigor
ous demands of the President, it is a
fact that many laws have been started
rejoicing on their initial courses at
boih ends of the Capitol. They are of
all sorts and conditions. Some will die
In the horning, some will be the bases
for thunderous tirades of denunciation
against the railroads, with no inten
tion by the authors of accomplishing
anything but getting their "remarks"
before their constituencies at home,
in the uorniug, some will be the basis
the committees, and pigeon-holed, or
possibly merged Into the one or two
bills which will be taken up for serious
consideration by the House and Seuato
themselves.
There is a vast difference of opinion
on the railroad rate question. There
are some who tell us that the term
"railroad" signifies everything that is
JUDGE t'JSTEU GKOSHCUr.
bad, and that no legislation could be
too severe to mete out as a proper pun
ishment for these monsters of extor
tion. On the other hand, there are
those who think that the railroads
have been- of a very material benefit
to the country and that while they
should be regulated and shorn of their
undoubted powers to injure the ship
pers and the communities which de
pend upon them, they should still be
accorded a hearing and reasonable
treatment.
The President's attitude on the rail
road question is specific. He favors
the enlargement of the powers of the
Interstate Commerce Commission so
as to enable that body to fix railroad
rates, where they are deemed by the
Commission to be excessive,
at the
jtfw ..in iiiiibmiiih hi " Jj rfHliiHi. 1.1.1 - BiliiinHii'lln.. i i I ' t
m I ' v 'V ' B
li m nia ! haMWTaV-iiriiiaia1- V-r--.ft-. -rf.AVufcaf -3. vtvWAi&..M&xKu 'Jly
fisM'i ; r'!nilMi'iHW( - ,;i W
litest i--.)
North Plattt Biv-"
Near Government
Bam Site.
Building
Government Bam
in Nevada.
As all the money which is being ex
Ponded in the construction of these
irrigation works is to bo paid back to
the Government by the settlers taking
the laud, and to go into the "reclama
tion fund." the work of future con
struction will proceed as fast as the re
payments are made from the projects
now under construction. Possibly also,
when the first few completed irrigation
projects shall have thoroughly demon
strated themselves to be the successful
experiments which they are proving,
Congress will not be averso to maklug
a direct appropriation as a loan, to the
"reclamation fund."
A direct Congressional appropriation
for Buch a lonu is not believed to be
at all beyond the bounds of accom
plishment some time in the future
after, as stated, the systems now under
construction shall have demonstrated
themselves to be the successes predict
ed. The preseut figure above noted of
$37,000,000 for Irrigation would have
been looked upon as the dream of an
impractical enthusiast at the time that
the Irrigation bill was being discussed
In Congress, less than four years ago.
The year before the passage of tho aot
tne securing or a Hundred million dol
lar appropriation would have been
believed to be as likely a figure as five
million, to say nothing of thirty-seven
million.
Peter Larsen, of Montana, Id the
richest Scandinavian in the United
States, lie Is quoted as next In wealth
in Montana to Senator .William A.
Clark.
same time he has stated that It is of
course his desire that nothing should
be done to Injure railroad properties
or drive tiie companies out of business
The railroads themselves are not
pleased with this plan of regulation,
Wuilo many of them may not have
done, in past times, the best possible
by the public, they fear that to give an
absolute rate-making power to a politi
cal commission, such as tho Interstate
Commerce Commission, appointed by a
Chief Executive, would be not only an
unconstitutional method of regulation
but would place In that body a power,
which if not wisely administered
might practically put them, the rail
roads, out of business. The provision
that thsy would have recourse to the
courts after a rate had been fixed b
the Commission and put into- effect
would help them but little since their
entire schedule would be changed and
tho damage done, before the courts
could be brought to reach a decision.
Tho other point of view la that with
the knowledge that their rates will be
carefully scrutinized and eontasted.
they will be extremely careful about
the niaklnar or enforol
ccshIvo rates, while with the enact
ment of a comprehensive law the rem
edy will always lie with the Govern
ment to Inspect and supervise any ex
isting rates, without, however, disturb
ing or overturning the business of the
railroad or interfering with the busi
ness of communities. "
At the last session of Congress the
greatest Interest in railroad matters
centered around the Esch-Towsend bill
In the House, which after some discus
sion was passed by that body. No ac
tion was taken, however, by the Sen
ate, but after adjournmentithe Senate
Committee on Interstate Commerce
held extended hearings, and during the
present Congress there has been
flood of railroad rates bills In both
houses, ranging all the way from the
Interstate Commerce Commission bill,
which is generally considered as the
administration measure, to bills widely
and radically different in their pro
visions. Bills have been introduced by
Senator Dolliver of Iowa, by Senator
Poraker of Ohio, by Senator Elklns of
Virginia, the Chairman of the Senate
Interstate Commerce Committee, by
Senator Moren of Alabama, by Sena
tor Culberson of Texas, by Representa
tive Hepburn or Iowa, the chairman of
the "railroad rate committee" of the
House, by Representative Hogg of
Colorado; also the Interstate Com'
merce Commission bill and various
others.
Senator Morgan recently made the
first argument in the Senate on the
rate question, in support of his bill,
which provides for the regulation of
railroad rates through the regular
courts of the country. Senator Elklns'
bill also proposes that the Federal
courts shall determine whether rates
are excessive, and provides for an la
Junction against any road which Is
found to be charging an excessive rata
The bill which has been Introduce! by
Representative Hogg, formulates by
Judge Peter Grosscup of the Ualtei
States District Court of Chicago w
rendered the decision against the Beef
Trust, provides for a special rallreat
court to decide all such Matters.
Judge Grosscup's bill establishes sevM
Courts of Transportation, situate! Is
different sections of the country, t
try the particular cases arising wttkls
their territory. During a state awted
of each year the judges of the sve
courts are to meet together and sU
court en bano In Washmgte or else
where, just as the Supreme Court ef
the United States sits togetier fer a
stated term, after having heU individ
ual court In the different Federal dis
tricts of the United States. There is
right of appeal from this Court of
Transportation to the Supreme Court
of the United States. It is argued in
favor of this bill that inasmuch as
railroad rate matters, even where
they are decided upon ' by the Inter
state Commerce Commission, must fi
nally go to court, the matter can be
simplified by having them considered
In the beginning by this Court of
Transportation. Also that this Court
of Transportation having no other
business to attend to, can try the rail
road cases much more pulckly than
the regular courts, while &e members
will be experts on the subject, making
the subject the study of their lives,
The Grosscup bill also continues the
work of the Interstate Commerce
Commission with some modification in
organization, authorizing that body to
arbitrate railroad matters wherever
possible and to act as counsel or at
torney for the shipper or complainant,
at the Government's expense, wherever
any case of controversy arises between
the shipper and the railroads.
This bill la favored as a measure
whose provisions overcome the danger
which it is stated would arise from
the creation of a Commission at Wash
ington which would hold the vast rail
road Interests of the United States in
the hollow of Its hand. There is an
apparently growing sentiment among
many people that to constitute any
body of men a political commission
with such vast power as the ability to
make or unmake any railroad rate on
the 70,000 miles of railroad in the
country, would afford such an enor
mous centralized power aa has nevei
heretofore been dreamed of by the
most' radical advocates of the central
government idea aa against tho diHu
sion of power among the people and
the several States. It is realized that
such power in the hands of any ad
ministration would, if misusod in any
degree, make pon-ie the Indefinite
continuance in power of that political
party and require an absolute uprising
of the entire nation, en masse, to bring
about political changes.
The great number of railroad bills
thus far Introduced and which are be
ing widely discussed, show that there
Is aa yet no general crystalizatlon of
sentiment on the subject and that
statesmen and supposed specialists, to
say nothing of the average individual
throughout the country, are In a recep
tive mood and seeking for Information
and education on the question.
ments and their commanders in the
Union army and the general location
of all the Confederate forces and their
movements are to him an open bookT
and the hours spent with him leave but
little to be desired by even those who
are seldom satisfied.
Gettysburg wiil always be considered
by the North and acknowledged by the
South as the high water mark of the
Ir'f '.'1
If1' III
III , . ..' ,t. ' HI
I F J " -nu . ; 111
ON GETTYSBURG BATTLEFIELD.
great civil contest, and when the sun
went down, on that bloodiest of fields
where the dead and dying had fallen
by thousands, as It looked upon the
defeat of Pickett's immortal charge, It
also saw the beginning of the end of
the greatest of modern conflicts.
And because there was no shame In
that defeat and because deeds of en
durance and heroism belong to each
army in equal measure, the battlefield
will remain forever the Mecca of all
brave Americans and of every military
student of the entire world.
ONLY OM LIFE TO UVh
That's the Reason Why
EVERYBODY
should get the most out of life that they can. The place to
get it is in the Home, and
IBB MDiE
comes every month in the year and tells you
How to Build a Home
How to Make a Garden Around It
How to Live In It
How to Entertain In It
How to Enjoy Life In It
Some of the regular departments of the magazine are
The Home Garden Music in the Home Hints to Homemakers
Health in the Home Home Etiquette
Little Folks in the Home Home Cheer
Entertaining in the Home
The Home Study
Home Cooking
AXU REMEMBER.
Autoa For Rural Delivery,
The recommendation of Fourth As
sistant Postmaster General DeGraw
that rural carriers be allowed to use
automobiles In serving their routes
has been approved by Postmaster Gen
eral Cortelyou. The Postmaster Gen
eral, however, expressly reserves the
right to require the rural carriers to
discontinue the use of such vehicles
and resume the service of their routes
in the ordinary vehicles prescribed by
the regulations, if proof is made of un
satisfactory service arising from the
use of automobiles. In addition tc
this, the rural carriers are required
also to maintain a fixed schedule so
that the boxes for their patrons may
be served at or about the same time
each day.
It isn't made with a scissors and a paste pot. There's good "grey matter"
goes into every page of it. There's human sympathy in every line of it. There's
originality and genuine good hard common sense all through it. It don't under
take to tell you how to be happy on a million a year, but it does tell you how
to bo happy on the modest incomo that so many millions live on who don't
have a million a year to spend. And the magazine cost
10c. for One Whole Year-That's All
And it's worth ten dollars for its good suggestions about life and health and
homemaking.
Send your dime or Ave two-cent stamps to
MAXWELL'S HOMEMAKER MAGAZINE,
1409 Fisher Building, CHICAGO.
The greatest depth to which a sub
marine boat has descended and re
turned to the surface is 138 feet.
He Has Thrown Away His Bottles and Scales
and uses the N. P. C. C. Photographic
Preparations only. We do the
weighing and you add the water
N. P. C. C.
DEVELOPER
Non-poiaonoua and will not stain tho
fingers. 35 cents for six tubes, sufficient
for 24 ounceadeveloperforVelox.Cyko,
Rotox and other developing papers, or
60 ounces plate or film developer.
METOL-HYDRO DEVELOPER
The old standby. j cents for six
tubes, making up the same amount of
developer.
N. P. C. C. SEPIA TONER
Black and white prints on developed
paper may be re-developed at any time
to a perfect sepia, as cents for six tubes.
NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICAL COMPANY
13th Street and Pa. Ave. Washington, D. C.
Jp4 W
The Coffee Importers and 1
FOSTUM FOO
s are Attacking
COFFEE
GETTYSBURG BATTLEFIELD.
The Turning Point of the Civil War.
i A Remarkable Guide.
There la a guide at Gettysburg. Pa.,
Charles D. Sheads, to be found at the
uettysourg wotej. who is a genius.
While not himself a soldier, perhaps
few If any of the actual participants
or taat tnree days terrible tight have
a tithe of his knowledge of the details,
He has been a resident of the town
since 1855. and was conductor of the
Gettysburg & Hanover Railroad until
It was burned by the Confederates
June 26, 1863.
Upon the memorable first day of July.
wllh many other citizens, he went out
to the right of the Vnlou army, where
the battle bad already commenced. A
member of the Twelfth Illinois caralrr
fired the first shot, and a squadron of
tnat regiment continued skirmishing
until relieved by the infantry of the
first corps, commanded by MaJ.-QeB,
Reynolds. Later in the day Geu. Rey
nolds was killed, amt the Union troops
under Doubleday fell back through the
town and fortified the heights beyond.
Every house, public and private, had
become a hospital, and Sheads found
his little home filled with dead and
dying of both armies. Upon the second
and third day of the battle be was car
ing for the wounded and shortly after
commenced again running his train.
For the past nine years he has em
ployed his entire time as a battlefield
guide, and no one has witnessed more
of the 450 monument unvelllncs, over
the 35,000 acres where the battles were
fought. Oenerals and nrlvates. Feder-
als and Confederates by the hundreds
have been piloted by him over everr
spot where thev had been stationed and
have listened to hla truthful history of
tneir movements, while from them he
has steadily added to and Increased
his store of knowledge.
The name and location of all the
corps, divisions, brigades and regl-,
All Along the Line.
THERE'S A REASON.
99
Many people have found out the truth about old
fashioned coffee.
They have overcome disease caused by it.
The plan was easy and sure.
Quit Coffee and use Fostum.
Froof with one's self is stronger than any theory.
The Postum army grows by hundreds of thousands
yearly.
The old-fashioned Coffee Magnates are now derid
ing Fostura through the papers.
Because their pockctbooks are hurt, they would
drive the people back to the old coffee slavery.
One coffee prevaricator says : "It (Fostum) has
lately been exposed and found to contain an excess
of very ordinary coffee."
Another that "it (Fostum) is made from a small
amount of parched peas, beans, wheat, dried sweet
potatoes, and paste of Wheat middlings."
Here's to you, oh faithful followers of the tribe of
Ananias :
$100,000.00 CASH
will be deposited with any reputable trust company
(or a less amount if desired) against a like amount
by any coffee roaster or dealer. If the charges prove
true we lose, if not we take the money as partial
liquidation for the infamous insult to our business.
The Postum Fure Food factories are the largest in
the world, the business having been built upon abso
lutely pure food products, made on scientific lines,
"for a reason" and the plain unvarnished truth told
every day and all the time. These factories are visited
by thousands of people every month. They are shown
into everyj crannx and examine every ingredient and
process. Each visitor sees Tostum made of diffe.
parts of the wheat berry treated by different mechan
ical methods and one part blended with a small part
of pure New Orleans molasses. So he knows Postum
contains not one thing in the world but Wheat and
New Orleans molasses. It took more than a year of
experimenting to perfect the processes and learn how
to develop the diastase and properly treat the other
elements in the wheat to produce the coffee-like flavor
that makes suspicious people "wonder." But there
never has been one grain of old-fashioned or drug
coffee in Postum and never will be.
Another thing, we have on file in our general offices
the original of every testimonial letter we have ever
published. We submit that our attitude regarding
coffee is now and always has been absolutely fair. IS
one wants a stimulant and can digest coffee and it
docs not set up any sort of physical ailment, drink it
But, if coffee overtaxes and weakens the heart (and
it does with some).
6r if it sets up disease of the stomach and Jjowcls
'(and it does with some).
Or if it causes weak eyes (and it does with some)'.
Or if it causes nervous prostration (and it docs
with many).
Then good plain old-fashioned common sense might
(without asking permission of coffee merchants) sug
gest to quit putting caffeine (the drug of coffee) into
a highly organized human body, fdr health is realty
wealth and the happiest sort of wealth.
Then if one's own best interest urges him to study
into the reason and "There's a reason," he will un
earth great big facts that all of the sophistries f fllB
coffee importers and roasters cannot refute. '