Cheating in WclBht.
The latest fraud to floece farmers Is
the scale shriuker, which has been sold
In vast numbers throughout the West.
The appliance Is made of hardened
steel. The end Introduced has a raised
portion or lug on one side, which has
a tendency when Introduced to length
en the beam so as to cause it to weigh
less than It should. Careful tests with
the device have produced the follow
ing results: (1) Scalo balanced proper
ly at 1,000 pounds with shriuker at
tached, 800 pounds; (2) , four hogs
Weighed 1,310 pounds, and with shriuk
er 1,270, an average shrinkage of ten
pounds to each hog; (3) twelve hogs
weighed 4,545 pounds and with shriuk
er 4,405, an average shrinkage of 11
pounds to each hog. In the illustration
Pig. 1 shows the appliance, which Is
V-shape Rnd made of hardened steel;
the end Introduced has a raised por
tion, or, in other words, a lug on one
side, which has a tendeucy when Intro
duced to lengthen the beam so as to
cause it to weigh less than It should
weigh. Fig. 2 shows another section
of the shrlnker. Fig. 3 Is a handle
made so as to fit over the top of the
scale beam, and Is used to tip the scale
beam so that one hand pressed on the
rod connected with the lever on the
rut"
HIIMNKINO DBV1CK.
scalo raises the loop connected with the
beam so as to allow a space to insert
the shriuker In the diamond-shaped
knife, or bearing, on each side of the
scale holding the rod. Fig. 4 shows the
handle In place, with the hand pressing
on the rod in oirder to raise the ring,
which fits on the diamond-shaped lug
on the scale beam, showing the shriuk
er as being put Into the aperture.
Owning v. Hentlnu J.hti U
A great many farmers, when age
obliges them to retire from the active
management of their farms, dislike
very much to sell the place where so
many years of their life have been
spent. To this cause we attribute their
attempts to rent their farms, thinking
that they can thus have something to
say about how the farm should be
managed. But all these reuted farms
soon run down, and though the owner
may get his rent It Is at the expense of
constant depreciation of property.
Belling tho farm outright, and taking a
mortgage on It for security, Is much
safer. Few men who own a farm will
be satisfied to see It depreciate. Be
sides, the mortgage on farm property
bears a higher ruto of Interest than the
farmer could make by any other way
of Investing his money. American Cul
tivator. Making Huil Hn Warm,
Tuousumls of farm buildings are cold
In winter, for the want of some such
protection as thot suggested lu the 11
lustration, which Is from the Orange
Judd Farmer. Along the Inside wall,
METHOD OF FASTENINO PATER,
turvlng out around the studding, Is
stretched strong, resln-slzed building
paper. It Is snugly fasteued to the
walls with laths, as shown, the second
course of paper lapping over the first,
and the edges hold by horizontal strips
of luth, as at the bottom. Such a meth
od of making old walls tight is very In
expensive, and the result Is altogether
excellent. One cannot put paper uuder
old shingles and clapboards, but he can
sheath the Inside lu this manner, and
can do It so easily as to make the furth
er Inlet of cold air perfectly Inexcus
able. ' O. recti Roue for Hen,
Tho, feed of sliced boue for hens Is
much more than so much grit lu the
gizzard to enable them to digest their
food. It Is Itself food of the very best
sort to make eggs, furnishing the gela
tine for the egg and lime for the shell.
Dried, cooked or burned bones are not
nearly so good, as the gelatine has
been expelled from the bono, and Its
lime Is also lu less soluble condition
than while It Is In the green state. But
a ben's gizzard is equal to tho task of
grinding up almost anything, A diet
of green bone and whole wheat Is prob
ably tho best of nil for egg production.
I'lnanltm an Inc-ctn,
At th commencement of men season
every farmer trlioukl calculate and plan
to make his farm yield him a certain
and definite Income. There Is some
thing almost magical In having an ob
ject In view. Estimate the yield from
the wheat, corn and hay, and the re-
dilf i3 J
3Pfi siNi iStjn s?
turns from the cows, sheep, nogs aw
poultry; then put down opposite to
these the taxes, the Insurance, wages,
feed and repair bills; by knowing ex
actly what sum is needed each month,
a pretty fair estimate may be had and
the Income can be planned accordingly.
W hat the Farm Garden 8hoult Be.
The garden should never contain less
than half an acre, and better be two
acres. A garden of this size can easily
be worked with a horse, saving much
hand labor, which Is required In small
er plots. If more Is grown than required
for home use it can usually be disposed
of at some near-by market, or to some
neighbor who will not have a garden,
Or the area can be devoted to potatoes,
or roots for stock can be increased. Be
ing near the house, it Is of easy "access.
and the farmer can spend many half
hours working his garden, when he
would not think of going to the field for
that length of time.
The garden should contain all the
small fruits, such as berries, currants,
etc, Flant these In single rows, and far
enough apart so that they can be easily
cultivated. The space between can be
devoted to some vegetable, which will
compel working around the shrub. If
the market gardener, upon lands rang
ing In price from $300 to $1,000 per
acre, can upon half a dozen acres sell
more dollars' worth of produce than
are sold off many large farms, why
may not the farmer, grow In his own
garden articles for food that will take
the place of much of the more expen
sive commodities bought in town? The
garden can not be had without labor,
but with less, considering the amount
produced, than Is required for general
farm crops. Two and sometimes three
crops can be grown upon the same
ground In one season. With the addi
tion of a few hotbed sash the garden
can be mnde to produce fresh vegeta
bles for the table all the year round.
Clover and Timothy Peed.
Clover and timothy seed should be
sown early. Sow on a light snow, or
when the ground is slightly frozen,
about the middle of the month. Sow
fifteen pounds, or one peck, of clover
seed to the acre. Thick seeding will
prevent weed growth. On barren hill
sides and on fields that have had little
animal manure cloverseed will fall to
germinate, owing to a lock of plant
food. Spread a thin coat of stable
manure over the lnnd after the seed Is
sown. If manure cannot be had,
spread a thin coat of straw, and sow
250 pounds of kainit and 200 pounds of
bone phosphate to the acre. The chem
ical monures will furnish the plnnt
food, and the straw will afford a cover
ing for the young seed,
A Shovel for Bedding.
Where leaves, chaff and sawdust are
used for bedding, a very large, light
shovel Is needed for handling them ex
peditiously and neat
ly. Such an imple
ment Is shown In the
accompanying illus
tration. It can easily
be made in the home
workshop, using half-Inch pine boqrds
for the sides and bottom and lVj-luch
spruce for the back, Into which the
handle Is fitted. Bedding for several
animals can then be taken up at one
shovelful.
Barb-Wire Cnta.
The following is said to have been
proved an excellent treatment for barb
wire cuts: Wash the cut thoroughly
with castlle soap, uslug tepid water;
after washing, spray the wound well
with a weak solution of carbolic. add,
and then dust over It all the fresh-, air
slaked' lime that will adhere. This
treatment should be given every day.
No wrapping or covering Is needed.
The Bame treatment would doubtless
be good In cases where horses get their
pasterns burned or cut with a stake
rope.
The Fumnier'a Firewood.
Firewood for the summer should bt
hauled to the woodshed and piled up
under cover. When the days are wet
ond too disagreeable for outside work
the wood can be sawed, split and piled,
ready for summer use. The brush from
trimming the trees In the orchard and
tho corncobs, If dry, make excellent
kindling-wood, and these should al
ways be gathered and placed handy for
the kitchen fire.
Karly Plate and Lambs.
Unless a farmer has a warm base
ment barn It Is not worth while for
him to have either lambs or pigs much
before the last of March. Even with
sufficient warmth there Is not enough
suullght before March for young pigs.
They will almost Inevitably be kept
back In their growth, ond probably will
not be any heavier at hog-kllllng time
than pigs farrowed a month later.
Keep Horsea' Manitri Clean.
Much dust and soiled food Is apt to
accumulate In the horse's manger, and
as he is all tho time breathing over It
the manger quickly becomes so offen
sive that much food Is wasted. Much
of this feed will, however, be eaten by
cattle, ns they will eat freely after
horses. The horse has a more delicate
taste than any other farm animal ex
cept a sheep.
Potato reeling.
In almost all farmhouses after pota
toes are peeled for cooking tho usual
but wasteful way is to throw them in
the swill barrel for the pigs. They are
very little good for pigs, but if cooked
and mixed with wheat bran or fine mid
dlings they make an excellent feed for
hens.
Cranberry Pie.
Threo cups of cranberries, stewed,
with oue aud one half cupfuls of sugar,
and stralunl. Like pie plate with
paste; put in cranberry jam, wash tbe
edges, lay three narrow baw across;
fasten at edge; then three more across,
forming diamond-shaped spaces; wash
with egg; bake lu quick oven untli
paste Is cooked. 1
in njTororsst;
Oh, brave and wise and gteadfsst soul,
Whose nation decks thy tomb to-dayl
Bo long as this vast globe shall roll
Thy praises shall not pass-away,
And we, whose fathers felt thy hand, i
Before whose blade they broke and fled,
Will honor, with thy native land.
iue nooie memory or the dead:
For more innn fame, or patriot pride
Before all things desired and fair
Is freedom I Stand thou there beside
Her hpmirv In that- nfiHva aln.
Thy lightnings cleared, that we might see
The tranquil splendors of her eyes
Smile down on all thy race to be, , '
Ana us unrivaled destinies!
Men spread the feast and pour the wine .
In memory of thy stainless name,
And honors ever shall be thine
Enduring love and deathless fame!
But though thy glory through the sphere
Were pnrveri And annlrnn lia.nail an .......
Thy ghost would not disdain to hear
uue inuiue irom an uugnsn tongue.
GEORGE WASHINGTON'S DEATH.
Centenary to Be Observed by What
was Called a "Mock Funeral."
On that December rlov. npnrlv
ago, when the body of Gen. George Wash
ington was laid away in the vault at
Mount Vernon, "mock funprnla"
held in many towns and cities east of the
Alleghanies. Our great-grandparents were
in their infancy in those far-away days,
and many of them saw these "mock fun
erals, wnien were conducted, of course,
With all solemnity. From those
childhood snrimrs the conviction in tha
minds of centenarians here and there that
they were witnesses of the real funeral.
Such is the trustfulness of old nffe in mom.
ories of times long agone!
lynety-nine years of national life have
Washington's fikm tomb.
passed since then, and America has given
far more attention to annivpranrv li,i.a.
tions of that happier event the birth of
its nrst rrestdent than to the yearly re
currence of the day of the funeral.
This year, however, the centennial of
that day will take pluce, and the observ
ance at Mount Vernon will be on Dec.
14. the uunivorsnrv of thi dv nf tho
death, Instead of on the 18th, which was
the date of the fuuerul. It is intended.
nevertheless, that the ohsorv And ehnll
take the form of a duplication of the
lunerai services, going over the sunie
ground as in 1770. So plnhnmtn nm th
contemplated ceremonies that already
pious are being put Into shape for the
great event. As Gen. Washington was a
Mason, the services over his body were
conducted, in part at Jenst, by the Ma
sons, and so the anniversary services will
be under the direction of the Grand Lodge
of Virginia, Free and Accepted Masons.
The Grand Lodge will meet In Alexan-
f
"K
TOMB HOLDING WASHINGTON'S BODY SINCE 1831.
dria, and, escorted by Lodge Kg, 4 of
Fredericksburg, in which Washington re
ceived his first degree; Washington Lodge
No. 22 of Alexandria, of which he was
the first master, and Federal Lodge of
Washington and representatives of every
Grand Lodge in America will go to Mount
Vernon and there repeat the services of
Dec. 18, 1790. It Is expected that Presi
dent MeKiuley, himself a Mason, will
make an address, and after the ceremonies
a banquet will be given in Washington.
The march to the tomb will pass, of
course, the old tomb In which Washing
ton's body was burled, and In which it
rested for more than thirty years, though
the objective poiut of the procession will
be tho new tomb, where the coffin now is.
In his will Washington stated that "the
family vault at Mount Vernon requiring
repairs, and being Improperly situated, I
desire that a new one, of brick, and upon
a larger scale, may be built at the foot of
what is called the Vineyard Inclosure, on
the ground which Is marked out, in which
toy remaius and those of my deceased
relatives (now In the old vault), and such.
there " - -"- maj choose to be
entombed there, may be deposited." Not
withstanding his request, It was not until
1831 that the new tomb was built and
Washington's body placed therein. And
then the old vault was allowed to fall into
a state of decay. . In recent years It has
been rebuilt from a drawing in the Con
gressional Library, and it is now sur
rounded by an iron fence, and Is kept up
with the same care as the new tomb. In
1837, when the marble sarcophagi in
which the coffins of Washington and his
wife rest were placed in the new tomb, the
key of that tomb was thrown into the Po
tomac river. ' ,
At the request of Martha Washington
a door was made to the old tomb at the
time of the general's burial, instead of
closing it with brick, as had been the cus
tom at previous burials. The widow was
sure that she would soon follow her hus
band. She lived only eighteen months af
ter the death of Washington, keeping en
tirely, It is said, to her room on the third
floor of the mansion, and upon her death.
in 1801, her body was laid beside that of
her husband in the old tomb. Washington
was buried in a mahogany coffin, lined
with lead, which was put in a case cov
ered with black cloth.
WASHINGTON A RICH MAN.
Owned Thousands of Acres of Land
and Stocks and Negroes.
When Washington died he was one of
the richest men of his time. He owned
lands and stock and negroes, and his es
tates amounted to thousands of acres. He
had houses in Alexandria, Va., and prop
erty in Washington. He had valuable
lands near the present site of Pittsburg.
He was throughout his life a money mnk
er, and when he was a boy he got $5
a day and upward for his surveying. He
put his surplus money into lands, and an
advertisement in a Baltimore paper of
1773 states that he had 20,000 acres of
land for sale on the Ohio river. His will,
which Is now kept about twenty miles
from Washington, in the safe of the old
court house at Fairfax, Va., gives a de
tailed statement of every article he pos
sessed down to the calves and sheep. His
personal estate was then put down at
$532,000, and this included a vast amount
of tobacco, large numbers of cattle, sheep
and horses, nearly all of which he willed
to his wife. This will is now kept In a
wooden box, the top of which is covered
with glass. It was torn in two some time
ago by some careless sightseer, and since
then no one has been allowed to handle it.
The account books which are kept in the
State Department show that Washington
was very careful about keeping a record
of his expenditures. He put down every
thing. Washington's Golden Words.
Interwoven is the love of liberty with
every ligament of the heart.
To persevere is one's duty, to be silent
is the best answer to calumny.
Without virtue and without Integrity,
the finest talents and the most brilliant
accomplishments can never gain respeel
or conciliate the esteem of the most valu
able part of mankind.
Promote as an object of primary impor
tance, Institutions for the general diffu
sion of knowledge. In proportion as the
structure of a government gives force to
public opinion, it is essential that public
opinion should be enlightened.
Observe good faith and Justice toward
all nations; cultivate peace and harmonj
with all.
Let me warn. you most solemnly against
the baneful effects of the spirit of party.
It exists, under different shapes. In
all governments, more or less stifled, con
trolled or repressed; but in those of the
popular form It Is seen in Its greatest
rankness, and is truly their worst enemy.
My first wish is to see this plague to
mankind, war, banished from the earth,
and the sons and daughters of this world
employed In more pleasing and innocent
amusements than in preparing implements
and exercising them for the destruction of
mankind.
Bather than quarrel about territory,
let the poor, the needy, the oppressed, of
the earth, and those who want land, re
sort to the fertile plains of our western
country, the second laud f promise, and
there dwell in peace, fulfilling the first
aud great commandment. i . .
A woman has no sympathy for an
other woman who has gone wrong, but
often a man bas sympathy for a wrong;
doing fellow and will help him oat.
C. Q. APPLEQATH,
3 VAft MCAD OUTTK
WITH B. iLVCnriELD.
APPLEGATH & PRASIL
Sar.Mooci.tNa and stpiRida
AT MODERATE PBICCa
AU WORK GUARANTEED
: a
OTTO SCHUMANN
MANUFACTURER OF
Monuments
Estimates furnished on all klnda of Marble, Granite and Building
Work. : : Drawings made by description.
No. 204 TH I rIvsTREEtTnE TAYLOR,
ilver Medal Awarded at t a j r-v
srtland Mechanics Fair ' FOftlanCl, KJTQXOtl
I have a plant of pneumatic tools, the first in the Northwest, and
? am now ln position to do Work better and in'ortf reasonable. '
times in ten that is the trouble.
you will
A. N. WRIGHT - -
393 norrlson St.,
Who has Dr. A. A. Barr, late of Minneapolis, a Scientific Optician, in charee of
v..v- kviuu uoyoiiuicin, IUU JUU
cauuueu ireu 01 uuarge.
J. HENRII KESSLER, M. D.
. of
TAPEWORM
' In an v lUffe without loai of tlm from
9 H H PIT IfT 1 TT5 M C""1. by
nuuuiaaiiuia remedy was sent to Dr. Kenler by a
b, friend ia Berlin. It has never failed, and we iumiin it .
f QLD SORES ronnSted?' etc-cured' DO dlffcrMC how
PRIVATF Diseases. This doctor guarantees to cure any J
J ui ovpums, uuuurrnn, Ulcer, mnciura 1
L cured, no difference how long standing. Spermatorrhea, i
T I amm nf U.nhwJ WI.LI1.. t . . .
, -.'".
r time abuse
rTIlTTrIFr MFH Your er0,
1 M aiaaja, iciucuicu, anu mis oiuuocrar Will give you
t wholesome advice and cure yon make you perfectly strong
and healthy. You will be amased it his success in curing
k Spermatorrhea, Seminal Losses, Nightly Bmmisslons. andj
f athmr pffVi-ta ' 1 M
KIDNEY AND URINARY COMPLAINTS.
rtwlnfllt HiffinnH twt fnnaH
" 1 H
f Piles, Rheumatism and neuralgia treated by our new remedieaN
i and cures guaranteed. j
r Patients treated in any part of the country by his horned
, BVMt(m Writ full Ketiml.M -l .
,j ... - "vu.a.i vu..yK iku aw nmp ana i
f we will answer yu promptly, hundreds treated at home 1
1 Who ar II ll a hi s tn Mm. a tk.
,
READ
Y uwmc a,
jet aside and look at It in
h a cloudy settling in it,
uiease, ana mould oe attended to before you get an iucur.T
able Dlaeaae aa hiinHrHa Hi - r hj l . . . )
I .a.f n-M-.
Address or Call DR. KESSLER, 2d and Yamhill
pi
UMo
Depart
roc
TIME SCHEDULES
from Part and.
Arbiti
FROM
Fast
Hail
1:00 p. us
Salt Lake, Panver,
Fast
Mall.
6:46 p. m.
ri.worm, umana,
Kansas City, St
Louts, Chicago,
and East.
gpoksns
Flyar
1:10 p. m.
Walla I'slla, Spo
Spokana
Flyer
S:80 a. m
kane, Minneapo
lis, St. Paul, Da
luth. Milwaukee,
Chicago and Kast
1:00 a.m.
Ocssn ItoMthlps
4:00 p.m.
ran Portlsnd,
Sail every firs days.
1:00 p.m.
Ix. Sunday
Saturday
10:00 p. nu
Coluaihli Rlvtr
Stia atari.
4:00 p.m.
Ix. Sunday
To Astoria and Way
Lanamgs.
0:00 a.m.
Ex. Sunday
WlllsRtsm Rim.
4:80 p. m.
Ex. Sunday
Oregon City, Naw-
bsrg.Saleu m Way
Landings.
1:00 a.m.
Tu.s., Thur.
and Sat.
Wlllsmttls ad Yam
hill Hlnrs.
1:90 p.m.
Mon., Wd.
and Fri.
Oregon City, Day-
,mii. (a if ..y lauu-
lug.
f :00 a. m.
Tues., Thar
and Sat.
WllliHs River.
Portland te Corral,
lis Way Land
Inn 4:110 p. m.
Tues., Thur.
and Saw
Lv. Rlparia
l:4Aa.m.
Snakt Rim.
Lv. Lswlstoa
s:Ma.m.
. Dstlv
Kx. Friday
'Alparla to Lawlston
Bx.Saturjia
r I. rNALDSOX, Agent, Oregon City.
W. H. HURLBURT,
Qtnarai Fassenger Agsnt. Portland, Or.
A. PRASIL,
roauMLV Diaiaxin nrni
WITH MAHVHAL fllLD, OHM.
FASHIONABLE FURRIERS '
Sealskin Garments
Specialty
13 THIRD STREET,
PORTLAND, ORE.
Headstones
Oh, Mi) Headaches!
Well, no doubt it is caused by
imperfect evesieht. as about seven
It costs you nothing to find nut if
go and see
THE IOWA JEWELER
Portland, Oregon
UKII VUUBtll I, HIIU HI1U nSVO YOlXt CVCS
in 1 u may De your trouble.
Loot Hem, Tom Hav
Your looks tell on you. Can keep M
ecret a while. Before Its too late. J
go and see or write to this old doe-1
tor. He has been treating such J
cases lor over ao years and perfectly
iciiuuie. z-umisnes ois owu meal
cine and tells no tales.
the Old St. Louis Medical and J
Surgical Dispensary, 230H Yimhill
Street, Portland, Oregon. oositivelvJ
guuruuicci remoTC ,
an old German medy. This J
nuiuiiHiuu,, vm cu pcrmam-
effectually cured ln a. short
nd '0llle of o,,tn c, ul
.IUH t.1J.. . l .
mum, uiuaf wi uiwujr UI 1UC, UTJ .
THIS
ocuume sua unnsie in me rjottle.T
the morning. If it Is cloudv orl
you have some kidney or bladder
""""
EAST AND SOUTH
VIA
The 8haeta Route
OF THJt
SOUTHERN PACIFJLCJ CO.
Ixpress Trains Leave Portland Daily.
Ronth.
North.
1:10 a. si
00 r.M.
Mr.u.
7:4a A.M.
Lt Portland
Lt Oregon City
Ar Ban Francisco
Ar
Lv
Lt
1:40 a.
:00f. 1
Tha above trains stop at all stations betvser
Portland and Salem, Turner. Marlon, Jsr-
!" Aivaur, langani, Bneuas. Halsay, Harris
hurg, Junction City, Irving, tugena, Cresweli,
Cottage Grovs, Drains, and all Matlona Iroas
Kosaburg to Ashland, Inclusive,
EOSfiBDEO MAIL DAILY.
!:oSM,lt'T P,rtUn,(l A I :.
t.aOf.M. Ar Boseburg Lt I T: 3
. MHT1JP. CARS ON OODIK ROTTO.
rVlLMAN ifffir BLMXPXSB
aND
SECOND-CLASS 8LEEPINQ CARS
Attache to all Through Trains.
VTast Sloe Division,
Be tweak PORTLAND and CORTAU1I
aILTaAlll.IlrlXCIFTSOIID. T.) '
AS lBnI Oarvahls eenneol with trali
of Oregon Central faetern R. R, M
IXrXXSS Tat aILTIIXCrTSUDAT.
4 WP. M. ILv Pertlsnd ArllttAM
ISS-U-It ,?"" ti '31:5
:0P.M.A Independence Lt4:MA.2
Rate an4 ticket) to eastern points and
?UJ5V.0T,iArA,,l CHIN HONOLULU -and
AUSTRALIA, can ba obialned from
BOTD, Agent, Oregon Cltf
. I0JHLKR, c. H. MARKHAM,
Manager, Asst. O. F. A K Agent
Portland. Or. Portland, Or.
YOU OWE.
It to yourself your family, yeur friends and Is
all you benefit to carefully and conslderatelv la.
retligate the marlis of ltJE ORE a a retried
for those who need a cure. There Is no expert
mentlng. no gueas work, no danger, no los of
time. It Is perfectly harmless, and may always
be relied on. It Is th. juen of cures, for II
reaches the nidus f all diseases, and will ears
you when all other remedies have failed afMi
you ksvs tried all catch-penny humbugs aaj
frauds oaly to grow older and worse. Do not
not neglect to give it a trial, for Vit-Ora comet
tp the slrk and the afflicted like the vision of the
Eastern star to the wise men. On everv packais
ot the genuine will t found the red Ink sianaZ
turaoTheo. Noel. Price 11.00 by mall.
MRS. M. M. LaCROY, Agent, Viola. Ofc