RECORD OF A TEAR
Important Events Crowded the
Past Twelve Months.
MUCH HISTORY MADE.
The Year 1398 Will Be Remembered as a
Most Notable One.
A Chronological Review 6how It to
Have Been Remarkable In Many Re-pectu-War
with Spain Takes Fore
moat Place In the Interesting Recorl
Concise Story of That Victorious
Conflict-International nnd Internal
Dissensions Among Kuropcan Countries-Disaster
and Death at Home
and Abroad.
To him who Is concerned with history
In the making there very rarely comes a
year more heavily laden with important
events than the year 1898. It has seen
every state in Europe, except peaceful
Scandinavia and the Dutch communities,
face to face with either war or internal
dissolution some of them within meas
urable distance of both. Yet the greatest
effects have not been In Europe; 1808 has
seen the United States forced, not by any
greed of power, but by its humanitarian
Ideals, to take Its part In European rela
tions. A brief but glorious armed conllict
with Spain has been begun, prosecuted to
Its end and settled by a treaty of pence
upon which the Ink is scarcely dry( The
Inception of great political changes has
been witnessed In China; two European
rulers have come to their death; several
men and women prominent In statecraft,
military affairs, reform, literature and
mnslc, have passed away; the year has
been marked by some terrible marine dis
asters, causing great loss of life; and fire,
flood and storm have numbered their vic
time by scores and caused extensive loss
of property.
The chronological table that follows
gives the most Import nut happenings of
1808, foremost among which are those of
the war with Spain.
coNF:icr witu epaix.
Events of the War Lately Wdn by the
United States,
Janniry.
25 TJ. 8. battleship Maine, Cnpt. C. D. Bigs
bee, V. H. N., Is ordered to lluvuua,
Cuba.
1'ebrnary.
8 The publication of a letter written by
Sennr Dupuy ile Lome, Spanish minister
to the United States, speaking dispar
agingly 11 f President MeKlnley, leads to
' the Minister's reglKiiatlon of his post
and the nppolutuieut of Beuor Luis i'olo
y Heruabe.
15 The U. S. battleship Maine, lying hi the
hit r bur of Havana, Is destroyed and sunk
by an explosion between 0 uud 10 o'clock
p. m.
17 Hear Admiral Sleard, commanding (he
North Atlantic squadron, orders a court
of Inquiry Into the loss of the Maine.
10-The request of the Spanish ofuVluls In
Havana for a Joint luvextlgatiou Into the
loss of the Multie Is declined.
SI The Cnlted Slates Senate orders an In
vestigation Into the Maine disaster.
March.
8 9 Congress votes to place $50,000,000 at
the unqualified disposal of President Me
Klnley im an emergency fund.
10 Spain remonstrates ugalnst the presence
of the lulled States lieet at Key West
and ngnlnrit other measures of defense
by out' Government.
IT Facts concerning Cuba stated In the
Senate by Senator I'roefor, of Vermont,
as the result of personal observation.
28 Court of Inquiry' report ou the Maine
(out to Congress.
A m il.
6 Consul General Lee recalled.
10 Consul (lenernl Lee leaves Cuba.
11 President MeKlnley sends a tnessnge to
Congress recommending aimed Interven
tion In Cubit.
IS Army ordered te mobilise.
10 Semite belligerency resolution passed.
18 Congress votes against Cubnu recogni
tion. 19 Congress passes resolutions demanding
the withdrawal nf Spain from Cuba.
20 Queen opens Cones with war speech.
Government announces Its opposition to
privateering, rrealdeut s'.gns uotltlca
tlon to the uatloni of lutenliou to block
ade. 81 Onr minister at Madrid, Gen. Btewart
L. Woodford, Informed by the Spanish
Minister nf Foreign AfTuIrs that diplo
matic relations between Spain and the
Vnlted States re terminated. ... Presi
dent MeKlnley cables our ultimatum to
Spain, demanding s reply by April 23...
flcuor I'olo y Hernalie. Spnnisli minis
ter, receives bis pnsipurt uud leaves
Washington.
Si Cruiser New York, Sampson's flagship,
capture I'edro, 2,000 tons, tlfteeu miles
east of Havana. .. .Cuban port block
aded by the American squadron.
83 The President Issues hi proclamation
calling for U'5,000 volunteers.
84 (Sunday) A Bpau:h decree declaring
war against the United State was
gasettcd at Madrid.
85-Congress passes s resolution declaring
that the state of war existed from
April 21.
80-ltecrnlilng volunteer began In New
York City.
87 Vnlted Stale vessels bombard Mutnn
u. .. .Seventh New York Kegluieut de
clines to eullst.
28-Conitnodore Dewey' fleet sail from
Hongkong for Manila.
St BiibiiIhIi squadron sail from Cape Verde
for the West Indies. ... New York ihells
Cabana forts,, ,.U. 8. cruiser Yule
(Parll arrives In New York.
80-Commodore Dewey' quadron arrive
off Manila. .. .flagship New York tires
on Spanish cavalry sharpshooter off
Havana,
May.
1 V. S. crulier Fnpeka arrives at New
Yoik from Falmouth. ,. .Commodore
Dewey' squadron destroys the Spuutsu
fleet at Manila.
8 Cable from Manila to Hongkong cut, by
Commodore Dewey.
4 nmtleahlp Oregon and gunboat Marietta
all from lilo Janeiro.
T --Commodore Dewey Informs Stnte De
partment of the leisure of Cnvlte.
O-Congres thanks Hear Admiral Dewey.
10 The Uttssl expedition sailed from
Tampa,
11 Kns gn Worth Itagley nd four of the
crow of the torpedo boat Wlnslow killed
by shell from the Spanish fort at Car
denas 12 Admiral Sampson's squadron bombard
the forts at San Juan, Porto Kleo...,
The Soaulslt Cape Verde fleet arrives at
Port de France, Martinique. .. .Uussle
expedition repulsed.
13 Commodore Schley' fleet anils iouth to
meet the Spanish squadron.
14 Spanish Cape Vetde fleet lghted off
Curaeoa.
13 Hear Admiral Dewey report on full of
Manila. ,. ,8 tg.tsta'a cabinet resigns,...
Spanish torpedo-boat destroyer Terror
disabled at Port de France, Martinique.
... .Spanish fleet leaves Curaeoa. , . .Oen.
Merrltt ordered to the Philippines a mil
itary governor.. ..liuv, black authorise
reorganization of disbanded Thirteenth
Regiment.
17--Sagnsta' new cabinet announced at
Vailrid.
18--X nety thousand troop ordered to mobil
ize In CblekamauKa.
20 Spanish fleet arrives at Santiago de
Cuba.
22 Cruiser Charleston sails for Manila.
23 Troops A and C arrive at Camp Alger,
Falls Church, Va.
24 The Spanish fleet Is bottled up at San
tiago. 26 Three transports with 2,588 men start
for Manila. .. .President issues a call for
75.000 more volunteers.
26 Oregon arrives In Key West.. ..One of
Spain's cabinet ministers said the coun
try was willing to accept "an honorable
peace.". ...Commodore Schley Is In touch
with the Insurgent leaders. . . .Florida
expedition landed without opposition
near Guantanamo, Cuba.
27 Spanish scout ships chased by American
worships near Key West.
20 Commodore Schley reports the trapping
of Cervera In the harbor of Santiago de
Cuba Cruiser Columbia arrives at
New York, having been In collision with
the British steamship Foscolla, which
Bank.
RO Troops embark at Tampa for Havana.
31 Rear Admiral Sampson's fleet bombards
forts of Santiago de Cuba.
Jun
' 1 Transport for Manila arrive at Hono
lulu, Hawaii, and the Boys in Blue be
come the guests of the city. .. .Monitor
Monadnock ordered to Manila from Sun
Francisco.
2 Spain again appeals to the Powers to
Intervene.
8 American squadron bombarded Santiago
de Cuba.
4 Llout. Hobson sinks cruiser Merrlmac
In the mouth of the harbor of Santiago
de Cuba.
.(Fortification of Santiago de Cuba re
duced. 7 American squadron bombards and si
lences batteries at Santiago. .. .Monitor
Monterey and collier Brutus sail for
Manila.
8 Assault on fortifications of Guantanamo
Bay.
9 House agree on war revenue conference
report.
10 Admiral Sampson reports he has held
Giiantauamo harbor since the 7th....
Senate agrees on conference report on
war revenue bill.
11 Four Americans at Cnlmnnera are killed
In a fight with the Spaniards.
13 Thirty-two transports with Shatter's
troops sail for Santiago, .. .President
MeKlnley s'gna the war tax bill.
14 Two Americans and several hundred
Spaniards killed In a battle at Cul
manern. 15 Second expedition sailed from San Fran
cisco for Manila. .. .Great destruction
results to Santiago forts through the use
of the dynamite guns on the Vesuvius.
17 Spanish squadron sailed from Cadiz and
passed Gibraltar.
20 Transports with Gen. Shnfter's troops
arrive oft Santiago.
22 Part of Shatter's troops landed.
23 Balance of troops landed wlthont acci
dent. .. .Admiral Caninru's Cadiz fleet
arrives at Island of Pantcllaria.
24 Sixteen American soldiers killed and
forty wounded In driving back Spanish
soldiers at Santiago.
27 Commodore Watson to command fleet to
attack Spanish home territory. .. .Presi
dent MeKlnley recommends thanks of
Co; grea for Lieut. Hobson, and that he
be transferred to the line.
28 President proclaims blockade of South
eru Cuba lrom Cape Frances to Cape
Crua.
29 Gen. Shatter reports he can take San
tiago In forty-eight hours.... The Senate
thanks Lieut, Hobson and his men, nam
ing each one personally.
30 Kgypllan Government refused to let
Cumara coal bis fleet at Port Suld. .
July.
1 Shnfler' army began the assault upon
Santiago de Cubu, capturing the enemy'
outer works.
2 Shatter renewed the attack upon San
tiago, los.ug about 1,000 In kili'd and
wounded, and making 2,000 Spanish
prisoners. The Spanish casualties, prob
ably exceeded those of the Americans.
8 Cervern's fleet destroyed at Santiago,
with great loss of life.
0 Spanish transport Alfonso XII. blown
up off Muriel by American gunboats....
Hobson, the hero of the Merrlmac, and
bis comrades exchanged for Spanish
prisoners outside Santiago.
T Presldeut Blgns Hawaiian annexation
resolution. .. .Admiral Dewey took Sublg
and 1,300 prisoners.
11 Cruiser St. Louis brings Adriilral Cer
vera and 740 prisoners to Portsmouth,
N. H.... Admiral Sampson' fleet bom
barded Santiago.
13 Announced that yellow fever has broken
out lu Gen. Shnfter's army.
14 Gen. Toral and the Spanish army sur
rendered Santiago at 3 p. m.
17 "Old Glory" raised over Santiago at
noon.
18 President Issues a proclamation provid
ing for the government of Santiago..,,
Seven Amerlcnn vessels bombard Man
t.tulllo and destroy seven Spanish ships.
21 Gen. Miles, with 3.415 meu on trans
ports, convoyed by warships, starts to
take Porto ltlco. .. .American gunboats
capture Nlpe and sink the Spanish cruis
er Jorge Juan. ...Gen. Callxto Garcia,
commander of the Cuban army of East
ern Cuba, owing to discontent because
the American Government has Ignored
liliu and his troop lu the surrender of
Sautlago.wlthdrew, .. .New reached this
cuuutry that the second expedition to re
enfnrce Admiral Dewey bad arrived at
Cavlte.
22 Agulnnldo declared himself dictator of
the Philippines.
23 Another expedition for the Philippine
Islands sailed from San Francisco.
25 Gen .Miles and 3,51:0 men reach Guan
Ico, Porto Rico, and effect a landing.
20 Secretary Day, M, Cnmbon, French am
bassador, and his first secretary, M.
Thlebaut, confer with President MeKln
ley In regard to terms of peace.
27 The port of Ponce, Porto ltlco, surrend
ers to Cnpt. Davis, of gunboat Dixie.
30 News of Gen. Merrltt' arrival at Cavlte
received at Washington. ., .Dewey In
forms the President thnt Agulnnldo, the
Philippine Insurgent chief, assumed a
defiant attitude.
31 The Spanish force at Cavlte made a
ortle during a fierce storm on the Amer
ican troops In the Malate trenches. They
were repulsed with heavy loss. Ten of
Gen. MerHtt's men were killed and forty-eight
wouuded.
August.
2 President MeKlnley mnkes public the
terms of peace offered to Spalu by the
Vnlted States.
4 The monitor Monterey and Its consort
Brutus, arrive at Manila. .. .Gen. Shat
ter and his subordinates ask thnt the
fever-stricken army at Santiago de Cuba
be removed north.
B Formal orders Issued for the removal of
Gen. Shatter' nrmy to this country.
8 Spain accepts the terms of pence offered
by the Vnlted S'ates. . . .Guayamo, Porto
Kleo, captured by Gen. Haines' force.
Three American cornered.
8- Spnlu accept Presldeut MeKlnley'
peace terms. Certnln representation
were made regarding Cuba which were
not accepted, however. .. .Spaniards at
Guantanamo lay down their arm and
surrender to Brig. Gen. Ewer.
9 Gen. Krnst' brigade captured Coamo,
Porto ltlco, after a lively rlslit, In which
even Pennsylvania volunteers were
wounded. Two hundred Spaniard were
taken prisoners. .. .Spaniards attempt to
retake the IlKhthouse at Cape Sun Juan,
but are repulsed with heavy loss.
10 A protocol covering the peace term of
the Cnlted States lias been agreed upon
by M. Camlion, representing Spain, and
President MeKlnley. .. .Gen. Sen waifs
force defeat Spanish troops at Maya
sues, Porto ltlco. Loss on our side two
killed aud one wounded.
11 Spain's cabinet formally approved Pre
Ident MeKlnley' peace protocol nd a
cablegram was sent to M. Canihon au
thorising him to sign lu behalf of Spain.
12 M. Canihon, French ambassador to the
Vnlted States, lgn the protocol and a
cessation of hostilities I ordered.
13 Surrender of the city of Manila, after
stiff bombardment by Dewey.
80-Gen. Merrltt leaves Manila for rrl to
aid the Peace Commission.
September.
6 Spanish Corte convene to contlder
peace proposals.
9-Geu. Otis, tutted State commander at
Manila, demanded the removal of the
Insurgents from that city.
10 Spanish Seuate adopts the peace proto
col. 12 The situation at Manila reported crlt
lcil. 13 Spanish Chambersof Deputies adopts the
peace protocol.
18 Spanish Peace Commission appointed,
with Senor Rlos, President of the Sen
ate, as President.
17 The Peace Commission of the United
States sails for Paris.
19 Spanish Government Issues an order for
all troops In the West Indies to return
home.
20 The evacuation of the outlying positions
In Porto Rico begun by the Spanish.
29 American and Spanish Commissioners
meet lu Pari.
" October.
1 American and Spanish Peace Commis
sioners hold their first session.
4 American Peace Commission receives
the report of Gen. Merrltt In Paris.
18 Formal ceremony of raising the United
States flag over San Juan takes place. , . .
American Commissioners refuse to as
sume any portion of Cuban debt.
24 Gen. Ortega, with the last of the Span
ish soldiers, sails from Porto Rico for
Spnin.
20 Spanish soldiers captured at Manila
during the war are released by United
Stales.
27 Spanish Peace Commissioner accept
condition' of the non-assumption of Cu
ban debt by United States.
November,
28 Terms of peace accepted by Spain.
December,
10 Treaty of peace with Spain signed at
Paris.
GENERAL CHRONOLOGY.
Record of Events that Have Occurred
During the Past Year.
January.
1 Officers of the Cuban provisional gov
ernment sworu In.
2 Six persons burned to death at Jersey
City, N. J.
3 Thirty persons killed by collapse of
floor lu city hall at London, Ont.
7 Theodore Durrant hanged for murder at
St. Quentln prison, California.
8 Six men killed by explosion of an Ohio
River towboat uear Gleufleld, Pa....
Fifteen men drowned off Bauduc by
foundering of a French steamer.... Six
lives lest in a mine explosion near Pitts
burg, Kan.... Death of MaJ. Moses P,
Handy.
12 Forty lives and $1,000,000 worth of prop
erty destroyed by a tornado at Fort
Smith, Ark.
10 Death of Hon. BenJ. Butterworth, Uni
ted States Commissioner of PatentB, at
Thomnsvllle, (ia.
19- Ilread riots at Ancona, Italy.
2u Fire loss of $000,000 at East Grand
Forks, Minn.
22 Marriage of Rev. T. DeWttt Talmage
and Mrs. Col. Collier Destructive
storm over the West nnd South.
25 Many persons burned to death In a con
flagration at Spoknne, Wash. .. .$1,500,
000 worth of property at East St. Louis,
111,, Including Union elevator nnd Bur
lington freight depot, destroyed by fire.
27 January wheat sells for $1.05 In Chi
cago Steamer City of Duluth lost off
St. Joseph, Mich.
29 Several persons killed In a smash-up on
the Maine Central Railway at Orono....
Ten men killed by caving In of North
west lnud tunnel In Chicago.
February,
1 Six lives lost by burning of the Alvord
House, Gloversvllle, N. Y. .. .Schooner
Brlgga wrecked oft Lltlle Nuhaut aud
eight lives lost.
2 $500,000 Are los In Winnipeg, Manitoba.
3 Six persons killed In railway collision
near Boston. .. .Fire destroys $25,000
worth of property at Scrantou, Pa.
4 Seven killed lu railroad wreck at Glas
gow, Scotland.
8 450,000 Are at Albany, Ind. . . .Hollnnd
Amerlcau steamer Veendam wrecked In
mid-ocean.
9 Adolph L. Leutgert sentenced to life Im
prisonment for wife murder lu Chi
cago. .. .Assassination of President Bar
rios of Guatemala. .. .$250,000 Are loss
nt Fort Worth, Texas.
10 Th.rty-elght lives crushed out by fall
ing walls at Pittsburg.
11 Nassau Chambers In New York burned;
loss, $500,000 French ship Klachat
goes dowu off Canary Islands; 87 lives
lost.
17 Fire damp' explosion In a colliery nt
Hnnmieerly, Prussia, kills 50 persons...,
$100,000 Are at Plttafleld, Mass Brit
ish steamer Leglslaior burned at sea.
18 Death of Miss Frances E. Wlllnrd In
New York City. .. .Large fire at Pitts
burg. 20 New wharf and cus'om house nt Tam
plco, Mexico, burned; loss, $2,000,000.
25 Notional Tobacco Company's works nt
Louisville, Ky., burned: loss, $2,0110,000.
20 Nine lives lost In a tenement house Are
at Charleston, S. C... Seven persons
killed at Blue Island, 111., by the collis
ion of a train unil an omnibus. . . .T.en
persons killed and five Injured by an
explosion And fire in Hall Bros.' labora
tory at Knlninasnn, Mich.
27 Death of Win. M. Slngerly, proprietor of
the Philadelphia Record.
March.
2 Six men killed by boiler explosion near
Brewton, Ala.
3 Nine drowned by the foundering of the
schooner Speedwell off the Florida coast.
7 Fire causes $150,000 loss In ltrowuell &
Field Co.'s building at Providence, R. I.
. . . .$5,0(Xi,000 fire loss at Manila, Phil
ippine Islands.
11 Death of Gen. W. S. Rosecrans.
13 Eleven men burned to death in Bowery
Mission, New York.
18 Death of Aubrey Beardsley, the artist.
....Many persons killed lu a fire at 215
Wabash avenue, Chicago.
17 Death of Blanche K. Bruce, Register of
the Treasury.
19 Six convicts killed In a mine at Pratt
City. Ala.
21 Several persons killed In a hotel fire at
Butte, Mont.
22 Forty Uvea lost by sinking of bark
Helen Almy off San Francisco.
25 Death of James Payn, English novel
ist.... Death of Trunin n P. Hundy, of
Cleveland, Ohio, oldest banker In United
States.... Wlseouslu Industrial School
for Hoys at Waukesha damaged $100,000
by flr,e.
23 Forty-eight sealers of iteamer Green
land perished on Ice floes.
28 Seven persuu burned to death at Kent,
Minn.
27 Death of Congressman Slmpklns, of
Massachusetts,
April.
8 Fifty live lost lu flood at Shawnee
town. 111.
4 Fifteen men killed by explosion of pow
der near San Vicente, Mexico.
T Sudden death of Margaret Mather, the
tragedienne,
11 Oxford Juuetlon, Iowa, visited by $100,
000 tire.
12 Peun glnsa works at North Irwin, Pa.,
burned; ioss, $750,000.
15 Anacouda Copper Mining Co. at Belt,
Mont, suffers $-50,000 Are loss.
17 Fire, followlug dust explosion, de
stroys grain elevator at Boston; loss,
$000,000.
10 Death of George Tarson Lathrop.
21 Postmaster General Gary resigns and I
succeeded by Charles Emory Smith....
Death of Beuator Walthall, of Mtsaii-
Slppl.
25 Secretary of State John Sherman re
signs. 28 Wm. R. Day appointed to fill the va
cancy. .. .Glasgow, Scotland, visited by
a $750,000 fire Powder mill at Santa
Cms, Cal., blown up, causing loss of
eleven lives.
23 Atlantic Powder Co.' work at Dover,
N. J., wrecked by n explosion.
30 Heavy damage done by tornadoe In
Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa and South Da
kota. May.
3 Thirteen persons killed by tornado at
Jerlco, Mo.
8 Schooner Crown wrecked oft St. John,
N. F and 11 men drowned.
6 t2A.U0O Are los at Cleveland.
T Three hundred person killed In a riot
at Milan, Italy.
8 Duluth, Minn., luffer a $100,000 fire.
11 Wool warehouse burn at Ballardvllle,
Mass.; loss, $;,00,0oo.
12 Bnrnillof Armour' elevator D and
sever)1 iber yards
loss In Chfcngo.
-Thousands ' killed by
seveSC) hijiber yards causes $1,000,000
14 Thousands killed by cyclone on Sum-
bawa Isirfndi Malay Archlpelazo Ed
ward Kemenyl, violinist, fulls dead In a
San Francisco theater. .. .Ball Bros.'
glass works burned at Muucle, Ind.;
loss, $285,000.
16 Fllnt mill of Mining & Mill Co., at East
Liverpool, Ohio, burned; loss, $100,000.
17 Grent damage done and many people
hurt by cyclone lu Nebraska.
18 Business section of Attleboro, Mass.,
destroyed by Are. .. .Destructive cyclone
sweeps through Iowa, Kansas, Illinois
nnd Wisconsin.
19 Death of William E. Gladstone.
22 Death of Edward Bellamy. .. .Mine fire
at Zollern, Prussia; 45 miners perish.
28 Italian cabinet resigns. '
31 New cabinet formed in Italy.
Ju-e.
1 Death of tragedian Thos. W. Keene. . . .
Transmisslppl exposition opens at
Omaha.
4 Death of Capt. Chas. V. Grldley, of the
crnlser Olympla at Manila.
7 Plant of Burgess Steel Co., Portsmouth,
Ohio, burned; loss, $400,000.
11 Case Power Building In Detroit burned.
13 Collapse of Joseph Lelter's wheat deal.
15 Resignation of the French ministry.
28 First party cabinet formed lu Japan.
20 Formation of the Pelloux cabinet In
Italy.
July,
2 Strike of stereotypers causes Chicago
papers to suspend for four days. j
4 French liner Ls Bourgogne goes down
off Sable Island with 553 passengers.
6 Hawaiian resolutions adopted by the
Senate.
8 Steelville, Mo., almost obliterated by a
waterspout.... Cougress adjourns sine
die.
11 Sagasta mlnlsry In Spain resigns....
Eleven meu killed In water tunnel at
Cleveland, Ohio.
19 Powder mill at Oakland, Cal., blown up
by a Chinaman and seven lives lost.
30 Death of Prince Bismarck.
August.
1 Martin Thorn executed at Sing Sing,
N. Y.
8 Bismarck, N. D., destroyed by fire
Death of Georg M. Ebers, Egyptologist
and novelist.
12 United States flag officially hoisted over
Hawaii.
13 Twenty lives lost by cloudburst in Haw
kins County, Ky.
15 Resignation of ministry at Lisbon.
20 French steamer La Coquette sunk oil
Newfoundland by the Norge; 18 lives
lost.
21 Seven persons killed In railway collision
at Sharon, Mass.
22 Eight Inbcrers killed by collapse of .a
wall In Carnegie tunnel. Pa Carter-
vllle, HI., visited by a $250,000 fire 300
miners drowned nt Nience, Silesia....
Death of King Malietoa of Samoa.
23 Destructive fire at Logansport, La.
25 Ex-Gov. Cluude Matthews stricken. by
paralysis ut Meharry's Grove, Ind.
28 Death of ex-Gov. Claude Matthews of
Indiana.
30 Small pox breaks out at Put-In-Bay Isl
and, Lake Erie.
31 Wllhelnilna becomes Queen of Holland.
... .Confession and suicide of Col. Henry,
principal witness agaiust Cupt. Dreyfus,
at Paris.
Feptember.
2 President Wllford Woodruff, of the Mor
mon church, died at San Francisco....
The British captured Omdurman, oppo
site Khartoum, in the Soudan.
4 British troops occupied Khartoum. .. .M.
Cavalguac, French Minister of War, re
signs. 5 Twenty-eight people killed In collision
of train with trolley car at Cohoes, X. Y.
....Gen. Zurliurten appointed French
Minister of War.
6 Wllhelnilna crowned Queen of Holland
at Amsterdam. .. .Thirty men killed by
fulling of a bridge over St. Lawrence
River, near St. Regis Indian vlllnge....
Many killed lu riots In Crete. .. .Opening
of G. A. R. national encampment at Cin
cinnati. 10 Assassination of Elizabeth, Empress of
Austria, by an Italian anarchist at
Geneva, Swltserlnnd. .. .$200,000 fire at
Llvermore Falls. Me.
11 Fire wiped out New Westminster, B. C,
nnd Jerome, Ariz.
12 Death of Judge Thos. M. Cooley at Ann
Arbor, Mich. .. .Hurricane on Island of
St. Vincent, West Indies, killed 800 per
sons aud destroyed much proper y.
14 Lorenzo Suow chosen be.td of the Mor
mon church.
18 Death of Dr. Johu Hall Death of
Miss Winnie Davis.
20 Ten persons burned to death In an ele
vator fire In Toledo.
22 Thirty-six men drowned by sinking of
French beat Vllle de Fecamp off Fecamp.
23 Fifty miners entombed lu coul shuft ut
Brownsville, Pn.
24 Severnl persons killed and much prop
erty des:r iyed by w.ndstorm at Lima, 0.
20 Tornado destroys property nt Tonuwiin
dn, N. Y., anil kills five at Merrllton, Out.
.... Death of Miss Fanny Davenport.
27 Clnreinont, Minn., destroyed by lire.
28 Death nf ex Secreiury Thomas F. Bay
ard... .Riot at Pana, 111.
29 Death of Queen Louise of Denmnrk.
30 Hundreds of lives lost by floods In
Jupau.
OctoVe-.
1 Great fire lu Colorado Springs, Colo.
2 Fierce gale on South Atlantic const.
5 In attempting to quell the rebellion ol
the Indians at Bear Lake, Minn., several
soldiers were killed and wounded.
8 Great fire In Sidney, N. S. W.
B-$200,000 Are at Atlantic City, N. J.
10 Great Are nt Dawson City, Alaska.
20 Seven men killed by boiler explosion on
torpedo boat Davis near Astoria, Ore.
23 Ten men killed In a race war at Uur
persvtlle, Miss.
24 Fire on the Brooklyn, N. Y., water front;
loss, $476,0110.
25 French cabinet resigns.
31 New French cabinet formed. .. .Japan
ese cabinet resigns.
November.
8 Eleven men killed by collapse of new
Wouderlnnd theater at Detroit. .. .Seven
men crushed to death In a mine uear
Wllkesburre, Pa.
6 Capitol at Washington wrecked by gas
explosion. .. .Death of David A. Wells,
economic writer. 1 ,
T Resiguatlou of the Greek ministry.
8 General election.
9 Organization of Japan' new ministry
completed.
10 New ministry formed In Greece.... Pres
ident Masso aud secretaries of Cuban re
public resign.
11 Hank at KlrkBrllle, Mo., robbed of
$32,000.
17 UrltlBh ship Atalanta sinks off Oregon
const; 26 lives lost.
18 Death of John W. Keely, the Inventor.
....Twelve laborers killed by train at
Hackeusnck Meadows, N. J.
19 Death of Gen. D. C. Buell.
23 Burning of the Baldwin hotel and the
ater In San Francisco.
24- 2 Great storm sweeps over the coun
try; many live lost at ea.
27 Death of Actor C. W. Couldock....Slx
persona killed by boiler explosion near
Fourteen Mile Slough, Cal. "
28 Dynamite explosion In Havana kill 15
persou and Injures 25 other.
December.
5 Opening of Congressional esslon.
10 Death of William Black, novelist.
11 Death of Gen. Callxto Garcia at Wash
ington. 15 Death of ex-Senator Calvin S. Brlce....
Six persons killed In railway wreck at
Madison, Fla.
18 Six persons killed by a train at Allen
wood, N. J Department store of G.
Hartsteln's Sous burued at Milwaukee;
loss, $00,000.
IT Death of Baron Ferdinand James de
Rothschild In London. .. .Twenty live
lost In steamship collision In the North
Sea.
19 $1,000,000 Are at Terre Hante, Ind.
And now a Boston man claims the cen
ter of the gtnge long enough to advise
that, so far as the annexation of the Phil
ippine is coucerned, "celerity should be
contempercd with cunctation."
Li Hung Chang has been sent to watch
the overflow of the Yellow river. Thi.
we take It. ia the polite Chinese equiva
lent for saying that be has been tent up
Salt Kiver.
doings orwra
RUSKIN'S IDEA OF WIFEHOOD.
WHAT do you think the beau
tiful word "wife" comes
from? It ls the great word
in which the English and Latin lan
guages conquered the French and
Greek. I hope the French will some
day get a word for It Instead of that
femme. But what do you think It
comes from ? The great value of the
Saxon words is that they mean some
thing. Wife means "weaver." You
must either be nouse-wives or house
moths, remember that. In tbe deep
sense, you must either weave men's
fortunes and embroider them, or feed
upon and bring them to decay. Wher
ever a true wife comes, home is always
around her. Tbe stars may be over her
head, the glow-worm at her feet, but
home Is where she Is, and for a noble
woman It stretches far around her, bet
ter than houses celled with cedar or
painted with vermilion shedding its
quiet light for those who else are home
less. This, I believe, is the woman's
true place and power. Ruskln.
Mies Beatrix Hoyt.
Beatrix Hoyt Is the undisputed queen
of the golf links. Time and again she
has been matched against women who
are clever with the stick, but they have
almost Invariably gone down to defeat.
It was thought that lu the contests this
fall for the championship she might
meet defeat. But her victories were
easier than ever before.
Miss Hoyt fs only 17 years of age.
She Is one of the most remarkable
youthful prodigies In golf that the
world has ever produced. Outside of
the Shlnnecock Club she was hardly
MISS BEATRIX HOYT.
known when she went to the Morris
County Golf Club lu 1890, when the
Cox trophy was first p'.ayed for, and
electrified everyone by her dashing
game. Then but 15 years of age, she
defeated without compunction women
who had been married almost before
the young champion was born, and her
final match with Mrs. Arthur Turnure,
whose excellent game bad made her a
strong favorite, has become historic In
American golfing annals as one of the
most exciting and best-played contests
ever seen between women golfers. Last
venr nt the Essex Couutv Club. Man
chester, Mass., she agalu carried off the
laurels, aud tins year ner beautiful
game at the Ardsley Club links on the
Hudson made her a third-time cham
pion. Utiea Globe.
Women on Board of Education.
At present there are no women upon
the New York Board of Education, and
we deeply regret the fact The experi
ment was tried of appointing Indies to
some of the positions, In bath what are
now Manhattan and Brooklyn bor
oughs; nnd unprejudiced observers say
It was an unqualified success. School
rooms are cleaner, daintier, and more
habitable generally, from the Interest
these ladles have taken in them. Edu
cational matters have been furthered
In a great many ways by these superin
tendents of education who had time
and patience to attend to their busi
ness. It is reported that while there
was now and then one who used her
place merely as a step-ladder to some
petty social position or function that
her personality never would have at
tained, the great majority entered Into
their work enthuslasleally, energetic
ally and conscientiously, and did good
all the time they served. Give the meth
era a chance to ueln sunerviso Hu. o,i,i
cation of their chlldreu. Everywhere
Women in Agriculture.
Women gardeners are graduated in
considerable numbers from English
and German schools, says the riow
man. The course of study Is very thor
ough, and extends through two or three
years. The majorliy of graduates
teach, but some of them have rented
land aud taken a respectable standing
In the market garden busluess. Many
of the American agricultural college's
are open to women, and the profession
of gardening offers a hptter ,i..
than many professions already invaded
by the weaker sex.
Woman Who Uvea to Dress,
There ls no more foolish thing a worn
an can do than lend her body as a dum
my to the vagaries of fashion, for by so
doing she makes herself a mere nonen
tity and loses ail claim to Individuality
that which, to be popular, a woman
must possess. You can tell her the mo
ment your eyes rest on her. the woman
who devotes her time and attention un-
y. fW f
reservedlv to dress, ner body ls like
a tailor's dummy; true. It displays the
latest fashion, but her head, like the
dummv's head, is wooden. She pos
sesses no intellectuality, for she never
thiuksof reading anything but of dress.
Contrast her with one "who devotes
much of her time to Improving her in
tellectual powers, with whom the mat
ter of dress Is subservient. Her dress
she adapts to her figure; because red
reigns supreme In the world of fashion
Is no reason why she, who appears to
better advantage In black, should wear
red; but she wears a gown whose out
lines conceal any defect In her figure;
she devotes little time to the fashion
columns of the magazines, knowing
full well that a modest gown, not quite
the latest style, and a pleasant face,
sparkllngwlthpure thoughts, compared
with a gown ultra fashionable and a
meaningless face, is as diamonds to
glass.
Beauty After Fifty.
A bright woman, when applauded re
cently for her goodness, begged her
friend to let the matter drop, says the ,
Churchman. "For," she said whimsical
ly, "though I do try to do good for some
really high motive, yet I have a reason
for trying which I am afraid Is a low
one."
"What do you mean?" Inquired her
laughing friend.
"I mean that I once heard, many
years ago, that beauty after fifty de
pended not on features, but on charac
ter. Like all women, I desired to be.
beautiful, and as Providence had de
nied me the 'features' uecessary to se
cure that result In early life, I deter
mined to make the attempt to be beau
tiful at fifty. I am eighty-five now,"
she concluded merrily, "and I must
confess that I see no signs of this In
dian sumer loveliness, but I still try to
be good."
These friends treated the matter as a
jest, but there Is really sense and truth
in the saying that beauty In later life,
In either man or woman, Is dependent
upon character far more than upon
form or color. It ls a common experi
ence for a young woman to say, "How
flue-looking Mrs. ls. She must have
been a beautiful girl!" And to hear the
reply: "N'o, she was not nearly so good
looking In her youth as she Is now.
Her beauty has developed with her
years." And It may have been observed
that this Is oftenest true of women ol
high character.
American Women.
The American girl may do anything,
and In particular she may receive atten
tions from men which abroad could
only mean one thing an Impending en
gagement, says a London exchange.
She ls perfectly free to be taken to tbe
theaters and to restaurants, and to re
ceive chocolates at frequent Intervals.
And these things may mean nothing at
all. The American girl Is supposed not
to be anxious to get married. But once
she is married, nil these little affairs
must cease. In America the married
woman Is governed by a very strict
code. Men over there are said to be
anxious to marry, and when they are
married they assume that their wives
require no male society outside them
selves. The contrast between American
and English society is thus very marked:
in America
Meu want to marry.
The married woman Is a nonentity.
The young girl Is supreme In society.
In England
Men don't want to marry.
Accredited to a Woman.
According to the Boston Transcript It
was a woman who was the means of
having a definite day in the year set
apart for the natioual observance of
Thanksgiving. Mrs. Sarah Josepba
Hale, a Boston woman nnd editor of
the first woman's magazine published
In this country, worked for twenty
years to accomplish this end, Time
did not daunt her courage, but rather
Increased her insistence. She wrote
to Governors of States and to Presi
dents of the United States. At last
Presldeut Lincoln adopted her sugges
tion In 1S(U, when there was reason
to rejoice over the success of the North
In restoring the Union.
Fancy Hair Ornaments,
The high back comb is edging Its'
way again In fashion's favor, and la
seen both plain and In elaborate decor
ation of jewels, cut steel, pierced silver
and gold. Side-combs will not be
downed, nnd their designs grow more
Intricate and beautiful with each Im
portation. Speaking of hair ornaments,
there Is nothing more modestly orna
mental nnd pretty than the stiffly wired
bow-knots that nre so much worn now
for both full and semi dress. They are
worn, too, for the theater In place of a
small bonnet, but take on larger pro
portions than those Intended for hair
decoration alone. Woman's Home
Companion.
Feminine Personal.
Striped ribbon wnlln.mor u mnch
used In boudoirs, sky-blue aud brilliant
red being the favorite colorings.
In spite of all that Dame Fashion can
do the country ls ahead In the choice of
shades and tones of mulberry.
Miss Laura Cannon, daughter of At
torney Michael Cannon, of Wllkes
barre, Pa., has been admitted to the
bar of Luzerne County, where she is
the third woman lawyer to be thuJ
honored.