MAXIM AND HIS
INDIAN SWEAT BATHS.
Native of British Columbia Parboil
Themselves.
The N'hla-Kapmuh Indians of the
Interior of British Columbia have
Bweathouses and Indulge In a treat
somewhat similar to our Turkish bath.
By the side of streams of melted
snow, at some distance from the vil
lage, among the pines and firs, are two
curious- structures. One Is made of
email poles set up like tbe roof of a
house. These are covered with fir
boughs, and finally with earth, the door,
facing the setting sun, has a blanket
hanging over It Within, on the south
side, Is a circular hole (In the ground)
about two feet In diameter and one
foot deep, filled with burned and
crackled stones. The remainder of the
floor Is covered deep with a soft bed of
flr twigs. In front of the door one will
ee traces of a good-sized 'fire, and many
stones, both those that have been burn
ed and blackened In the fire and those
brought near, but still unused. This Is
the men's sweathouse, or part of the
bathing outfit of the village.
The other structure Is similar to this
In essentials, but at this particular
village It Is not covered with soil. It is
roofed with blanket mats or skins when
In use. This Is the ewoathouso for the
women.
When the NTila-Kapmuh wants to
take a bath be builds a fire and heats a
number of stones. Those he rolls Into
the hole In the floor of the village sweat
house. lie then enters, closes the door
with his blanket and reclines on the
new bed of fir boughs. . Here he lies
until In the close small hut, with no
opening' for ventilation, and close to
the roasted rocks, he perspires as free
ly as do the stokers In the hold of an
ocean liner. lie then rushes from the
house and leaps Into the melted snow
of the mountain torrent. Returning to
the sweathouse, ho rebuts the opcra-
I tion until 'satisfied that every pore of
Mis sklii 'Jin's. ttoori cleansed by this vl
oroAJs,try(yu'jit. II iTuesq Indians, say tney take this bath
1 about once a month, and one may well
. Imnirtne that that Is siilllclewt, for It is
hot hard to believe that the absence :f
sick people at the village Is due to this
trying custom.
Ethnology of Kissing.
The kiss was unknown among the
aboriginal tribes of America and of
Central Africa, tTom the most ancient
times, however, it has been familiar
to tho Asiatic and European races. The
Latins divide.) It Into three forms the
osculum, the Itanium and the suavlo
lum the first being the kiss of friend
ship and respect the second of cere
mony and the third of love. The Sem
ites always employed the kiss, and Job
speaks of It as twrt of their sacred rites,
as It Is to-day in the Uouiau Catholic
Church.
The Mongolian kiss Is not the same
as that which prevails with us. In it
the Hps do not come into actual contact
with those of tho person kissed. The
nose Is brought Into light contact with
tho cheek, forehead or hand; the breath
Is drawn slowly through the nostrils,
and the act ends with a slight smack of
the Hps. The Chinese consider our
mode of kissing most detestable. We
011 our part regard tholr method with
equal disdain.
Darwin and other naturalists have
attempted to trace back the kiss to the
act of the lower animals who selie thel
prey with their teeth. The average
man does not take a great deal of In
terest In the ethnology of tho subject
however. -London Mall.
The Interior of Patagonia.
rrofessor J. B. Hatcher, of Princeton
University, has newly returned from a
remarkable trip of exploration in a
hitherto unknown region of South
Africa namely, the wild Interior of
Patagonia. He visited Washington a
few days ago fof the purpose of de
positing with the Bureau of Ethnology
a rich collection of objects Illustrating
the mode of Ufa of the various trllies
of aborigines In that part of the world.
These natives are among tho strangest
FAMOUS GUN.
and most picturesque savages In exist
ence, some of them being described as
representing almost the lowest stage In
the scale of human development Their
country, too, Is more than ordinarily
Interesting, being associated since the
earliest times with rumors of gigantic
human; inhabitants and an astonishing
fauna.' Quite' recently some skeletons
of birds that had heads as big as those
of horses have actually been dug up.
They stood at least nine feet high, and
had short wings, claws like an eagle's
and a beak like a condor's. It Is likely
that they attacked with success the
largest mammals contemporary with
them, being the biggest fowls of prey
that ever lived; but they became ex
tinct long ago, and so there was no op
portunity for Professor Hatcher to se
cure a living specimen.
Italian Marriage Brokers.
In Genoa there are regular marriage
brokers who have lists of marriageable
girls of the different classes with notes
of their personal attractions, fortunes
and circumstances. These brokers go
about endeavoring to arrange connec
tions in tbe same off-hand way that
they would a merchandise transactioa
Marriages there are more often a sim
ple matter of business calculation, gen
erally settled by the relatives, who
often draw up the contract before the
parties have seen each other. It Is only
when everything has been arranged
and a few days previous to the mar
riage ceremony that the future hus-
TUHK181I BATH OF INDIANS.
band Is Introduced to his intended wife,
Should he find fault with her manners
and apearanee he may annul the con
tract 011 condition of defraying the
brokerage and aiiy other expenses in
curred.
Marble In Australia.
Pino marbles of various colors have
been found In several districts of New
South Wales. A pure white Is equal
to the second-class Carrara; anothc
sjKHies Is black, with white streaks
and gold nmrklugs. There are grays
and browns of various tints and In the
vicinity of Luckuow are Immense de
posits of green serpentine well worthy
of attention.
Indian Sharptthooters.
"Ollbwav Joe." the Cluimewa chief.
who died in Suiterior, Wla tho other
day. is said to have killed more North
enters than any other man In the Con-
ffderate armies. He was a sluinishoot
er. hnvlnir Joined the Confederacy be
cause of a personal grievance against
the Federal Uovernuieut
Wonderful Loom.
Recent Improvements In the Millar
loom will. It Is claimed, revolutionize
the weaving Industry, as, with less at
tentlou than ordinary, It will turn out
from 140 to 200 yams of worsted coat-
lugs In ten hours.
Mr. Hunter 1 nave a speaking ac
quaintance with Miss Throckmorton.
Mr. Spatts You are very lucky. All
her other acquaintances are listening
ncqunlnta noes. J udge.
The Uncle Are you entirely satisfied
with your lot ? The Niece (still angry
at her grandfather's will) No, I'm not
It ouglrt to have a house on It Har
lem Life.
Cloves often stiver of the spies of
wickedness.
Gates for Handling Hoes.
The device shown In the accompany
ing illustrations for handling hogs
hen they are to be rung or for other
purposes. Is very useful on tbe ordinary
farm. The first picture represents a
chute and gates which will shut behind
noo CHUTE.
and before tho bog and hold him In
position. There Is Just room enough
for him to stick his nose out and while
in this position rings can be Inserted.
Tho sides of the chutes must be much
closer together than shown in the en
graving, so that the hog cannot turn
about In fact the width should be Just
sufficient to allow a hog to pass
through. In the second illustration is
represented the side view of another
DRVICB FOR OPENING GATE.
gate and pen so arranged that the door
can be openod and shut without getting
Into the pen. These devices are so con
venient about the hog lots that It Is a
surprise that more of them are not In
use. Orange Judd Farmer.
Manure for Strawberries.
The strawberry plantation requires
rery heavy manuring to produce Its
best yield. Every year on most plants
there Is a succession of berries, the
first and second pickings being almost
always larger and liner than those that
ripen later. But if the later season Is
very wet, as It sometimes is, we have
known the later crop to ripen up and
bo very nearly as good as tho first.
This suggests that in addition to the
top dressing applied In winter there
ought to be an additional fertilization,
while tho crop Is forming, and this last
should be always dissolved in water,
so as to be readily available. Nitrate
of potash is the best manure to bo thus
applied. This is saltpetre, and costs
five to six cents per pound. But a very
small lump dissolved in warm waiter
ami applied freely will keep the vines
fresh and vigorous to the last, and will
make a great lucrense In the size of the
fruit. The labor of applying liquid nui-
uure Is more than Its cost, and Is great
er than can be generally afforded for
any other crop than the strawberry.
Handy Wheelbarrow.
The Iowa Homestead gives an Illus
tration of a handy wheelbarrow that
may be used about the farm. It Is
made from the two front or the two
hind wheels of a little express wagon
which has seen Its better days. This
wheelbarrow has the advantage of hav
ing the load over the wheels and sus
tained by them Instead of being held
by the one wheeling It Tho design ex-
nANlY FARM WUKKLHARROW.
plains Itself, and the wheelbarrow can
be made very easily If the wheels are at
hand.
The Aaparagns) lied.
To make a new asparagus bod dig a
treuch two feet deep and fill It with
rich, well-rotted manure to the depth
of twelve Inches. Over the manure
scatter bone meal and sulphate of pot
ash, any quantity preferred. Then
cover with three Inches of rich dirt,
and on tho dirt place the roots, using
2-yoar-ola growth, about two feet
apart, as they will thicken In the bed
every year. Cover with rich dirt, and
throw the soapsuds over the bed when
ever possible to do so. Once an aspara
gus bed is uinde it should last for twen
ty years.
UnylnK Cheap Fertilisers).
There Is no longer much desire among
well-Informed farmers to get the lowest
priced fertilizers with the Idea that
these are therefore the cheapest It Is
Impossible to cheat nature. AH the ele
ments of fertility, mineral or ultrogen
ous, cost money, and if little money Is.
given for fertilizers, we can expect but
little good to the crop from them. When
we take into account that much of the
expense of commercial fertilizers con
sists In the cost of distributing them
evenly through the soil, it will be- seen
that the highest priced, If also the best,
may be really the cheapest
Unplowed Headlands.
It la the practice of many farmers In
plowing grass land, especially for hoed
crops, to leave an unplowed space, us
ually called a headland, on which the
horse can turn when used In cultivat
ing. But with a careful horse this
care is not necessary In growing corn
or potatoes, though the nurseryman's
more valuable stock may Justify it In
growing corn, some farmers plant two
or three rows of potatoes next the
fence. But these scattering rows of
potatoes are difficult to harvest, as the
wagon has to be drawn all around a
field to gather a few potatoes. We
used, in tbe later years of our farming,
to plant corn out to the end of the row.
If, while small, a hill of corn was step
ped on, there It still time to plant a hill
of beans. Yet we always noticed that
the outside rows of corn ripened ear
lier and had better ears than those In
the middle of the field. Most corn Is
planted too closely to yield the largest
amounts of grain. American Cultiva
tor. IMstestlbllty of Ensilage.
There can be no doubt that ensilaged
food, being succulent, is much more di
gestible in winter than the dry food
that it then supersedes. If there is a
little fermentation In It, that shows
that the food Is already partly decom
posed and more ready for the gastric
Juices to act on. But -to effect , this
advantage the succulent ensilage has
lost some of its carbonaceous and more
of its nitrogenous matter. This Is rep
resented by the carbonic acid gas at the
top of the silo, which is relied upon to
keep It sweet by excluding oxygen and
preventing further fermentation.
New Cisterns.
It is a hard matter to use the water
from a newly cemented cistern. The
common way Is to let it fill up and then
stand awhile, then draw the water out
and even then the next filling will taste
of the cement Instead of all this la
bor and waste of time and water, take
pearllne or salsoda, dissolve It, and
scrub the cement thoroughly after It Is
hard. After scrubbing, rinse the cis
tern out clean and remove the water.
The cistern will then be ready for tho
water and will taste very little of the
cement, and can be used at once.
Cheap Sweet Potato Plants.
A correspondent of the American Ag
riculturist says that when sweet pota
to vines are. about 18 inches long, cut
off 12 or 14 Inches and set out as shown
in the illustration. Treated In this
way, this planted vine will raise tho
Step
mmm
.liBikBi..,a,:iji,jW.r-l.-llliiuui.ii'
THE PLANTED POTATO VISE.
best of potatoes and its removal will
not Injure the original plant
Kust in Carnations.
A writer In an English paper gives
this recipe for preventing rust in car
nations, which he received from a gar
dener In Germany, whose plants were
unusually fine and In healthy condl
tion. lie mixes two pounds of vitriol
and four of freshly slacked lime In
twenty-seven gallons of water, and stirs
well together, until it is clear, not blue
and then he adds two pounds of sugar
and mixes all again. 'With this he
syringes his plants once a week, early
In the day. The syringing should be
done quickly, finely and evenly.
Arbor Vitae Hedges.
In order to have a full hedge the
plants should be about two feet apart
in the row and carefully trimmed once
a year. In the fall loosen the top soli
on both sides of the hedge and apply
wood ashes. Keep a close watch for
the basket worm, which does consider
able damage to evergreen hedges of
tills kind. The plant Is best known to
gome as "flat cedar," because the leaf
Is flat It to one of the most beautiful
ornamental plants grown.
Peanuts.
Teanuts require a light soil, sandy
loam being excellent The seeds are
planted about three Inches deep and
the soil kept loose. They seem to be
benefited by lime or wood ashes on the
soil Tho plant Is very pretty while
growing, and a few of them In a garden
add to its attractiveness, riant tho
seeds in May, or as soon as possible
after danger from frost Is over. The
seeds should be removed from the
shells, and care should be taken not to
break the crown skin covering of the
seeds.
W hen to Plant the Garden.
Do not be deceived by the advance
warm weather of spring and put In the
garden crops too soon. It will be time
enough to complete the planting whe
the apple trees begin to bloom. A' late
frost will destroy all tender plants.
Cool nights are also detrimental, to tho
growth of such plants as squash,
beans, melons, tomatoes and corn. The
ground must be warm before plants
will inaka headway In growth.
'MB
lirijf You can
lilLll 1 be cured
If you suffer from any of the
ills of men, come to the oldest
Specialist on the Pacific Coast,
OR. JORDAN 4 CO.,
1051 Market SL Est'd 1862.
Toung men and middle
mAn la . . . , r : T
from the effects of youthful indiscretions or ex
cesses in maturer years. Nervous and Physical
Debility ,Ini potency , Lost Manhood
inallir-tpnmnlir-ntinnfi ainftntinlnt'i'liflpA.
Proatatorrbota, Gonorrhcea, tlleet, k
Frequency of tTrluatlnsj, etc. By a T
comomaiion 01 remedies, ol great curative pow
er, the Doctor has so arranged his treatment
that it will not only afford immediate relief but
cermanent cure. The Doctor does not claim to
perform miracles, but Is well-known to be a fair J
niu uixaiw PKvciman arvf Qt.i-ar.iwi nnumin.nl T
'ln.
11 v eradicated iroxn ute
ystem witbou toning Jleroory.
EVEBY MAN applying to twwtll re
ceive our honest opinion of bla complaint.
We will Guarantee a POSITIVECURB in
every case we undertake, or forfeit One
Thousand Dollar.
Consultation FREE and strictly private.
CEAJiGES VERY REASONABLE. Treat
ment personally or by letter. Send for book,
" The Philosophy of Marriage,"
free. (A valuable book (or men.)
VIMIT DR. lOBDARf
Great Museum of Anatomy
me nnest ana largest Museum 01 Its kind in the
world. Come and learn bow wonderfully you I
are made; how to avoid sickness and disease.
We are continually adding new specimens. I
1061 Market Street San Francisco. Cat
souto ogKGoy eiTT
...The Most Desirable Suburb...
ADJOINING OREGON CITY AND
T is all within one mile of the
nected by an improved plank
view, good air, soil, water and drainage and a first-class
public school adjoining. With all the advantages of the city
and but a 15 minutes walk to to the business houses, makes this
a very desirable place of residence and bound to' grow in
popularity. ,
Choice Lots ready for the garden from $100 to $150 on
easy monthly installments with liberal discount to home build
ers. Call on or address.
T. L. CIIABMAN, Trustee,
TO THE
-H3-A.ST-
OIVE8 THE CHOICE OF
TWO TRANSCONTINENTAL
ROUTES
BREaT
NORTHERN BY.
VIA
SHORT LINE.
VIA
SALT LAKE,
DENVER,
OMAHA
AND
KANSAS CITY,
SPOKANE,
MINNEAPOLIS,
ST. PAUL
AND
CHICAGO.
OCEAN STEAMERS v
Oregon, Geo. Elder and City of Topeia
Leave Portland Every S Days lor
ALA8KA POINTS
Ocean Steamari Leave Portland Every 4 Days
SAN FRANCISCO.
Steamer Monthly from Portland to
Yokohama and Hong Kong, In con
nection with tbe U. K. & iN.
For further Information call on O. B, 4 N,
Aen,
F E. DONALDSON, or address
W. H. HURLBURT,
General Passenger, Agent, Portland, Or.
rODWKLL. CARLILL A CO..
Oea. Agts. Nor. Pae. 8. & Co., Portland, Or,
Trains arrive and depart from Portland at
follows:
leve lor the East via Huntington da11y,8:00 pm
Arrive from East " " 7:20 pin
L. rs lor the East via 6pokans daily, 2 oo pm
Arrive liom East " " ' 10;15 am
ViNTEl TRUSTWORTHY AD ACTTV1
noileisea or ladles te travel for reapenaibti
tetatllsbtd house in Oregon. Monthly V ant1
xtweaea. Position swady. Relereno. Rn
rtose sail addressed stamped eavetop. Tbt
tosalnloa Coaapsay, Dept. Y, Chicago.
YJTArTBD TRClTWOSTHT AND ACTTV1
n asoUvaM er ladies as travel lor ratpanslbla
eeeaetied bouse t Orecoo. Montkly I6AQB uA
pmM. Poeltlea ady. Reterehe KaalM
jtld4rt4 stsaote eoTiep. TheOemtAWt
Cosapaitf , A. V, Chleat.
' j ffin pii 1 it 11 1 Trftn W"-ihr'-R
VINCHESTEREPEATIHQ RMS G ggSSf
ssaaaaeaiiiiiiiii 11 si is 1 ar 1 11 tt 11 1 -in - in I
O.C.&E.R.R.G0
YAQTJINA BAY ROUTE
CmnJtlni at Taqnlna Bay with the Ian
i'laiicisco and Yaxjuina Bay
' GUamatup Compuiy.
Steamsliip "Farallon"
Salli from Yaqntna erery etrht days , lor Ban
Francisco, Cooiftij P011 Oifoid, Trinidad ana
Bumbolt Bay,
Passenger accommodations; unsurpassed.
Shortest route between the Wlllametw Valley
and California.
Fare from Albany or point west to 8aa
trraneiacst
Cabin, round trip
Steerage
0 Coos Bay and Fort Oxford 1
Cabin,
To Humbolt Bay.
Cabin,
Bound trip, good for SO oars.
Clf00
600
6 00
eoo
RIVER DIVISION.
Bteamen "Albany" and 'Wm. H.- Hoag
newly furnished, leave Albany dally (except
Saturdays) at 7:45 a. m., arriving at Portland tbe
tame day al6p. m.
Returning, boats leave Portland same days
at SM a. m., arriving at Albany al 7:46 p. m.
J. O. MASO. Bupt. Elver Division,
Corvallii, Or.
EDWIN STONE, Mgr..
PRACTICALLY A PART OF IT;
center of the city and is con
road. Healthy location, fine
Charman Bros.' Block
EAST AND SOUTH
VIA
The Shasta Route
OP THE
SOUTHERN PACIFIC CO.
Express Trains Leave Portland Daily.
South. I I North.
tMt.u. I Lv Portland Ar 9:80a.
6:MMI. L ' OregonClty Lv 8:A.M
?:4Ua.m. Ar BanfranolBCO Lv:(Xir, v
The above trains hod at all stations betweer
Portland and Salem. Turner, Marion. Jeffer
son, Albany, Tangent, Bhedds, Halsey, Harris-
Dura, junction (juy, Irving, nugene, tjreswe.11,
Cottage Grove. Drains, and all stations from
Boseburg to Ashland, Inclusive. -
BOSBURO MAIL DAILY.
9:S0a.il. . Lv Portland Ar:S0P.t
6:27 a. H. Lv Oregon City- Lv A.S6 t.u
8:20 P. M. I Ar Roseburg Lv I 7: 0 M
DININO CARS ON OODEN ROUTE.
PULLMAN BUFFET SLEEPERS
AND
SECOND-CLASS SLEEPING CARS
Attached to all ThroughTrains.
West Sid Division,
Between PORTLAND and COBVALLIS
KAUTBAIM DAILY! IXCKPTSUNDAY.)
7:S0A.M. ILv Portland Ar5:90P.M
U:lSP.M.Ar Corvallls Lvl:06P. U
At Albany ana Corvauls connect with train
of Oregon Central A Eastern R. R.
IXPRISI TBAIM OAILTlBXCirTSUIIDAT.)
:WP. M. ILv Portland Ar8:25A.M
7.80 P.M. Ar McMlnnvllle Lv 5:60 A.M
8:80 P. M. I Ar Independence Lv 4:60 A. M
Direct connection at 8an Francisco with
Occidental and Oriental and Pacific Mall
flteamslilp Lines for JAPAN AND CHINA.
Balling dates on application.
Rates and tickets to eastern points and
Europe also JAPAN. CHINA, HONOLULU
and AUSTBALIA, can be obtained from
E. . BOYD, Agent, Oregon City
B. K0EHLER, C. H. MARKHAM,
Manager, Asst. ft. T. A P. Agent
Portland, Or. Portland, Or.
OREGON CITY TRANSPORTATION CO '3
Str. Aitona
Will Unit Daily Trips Between
OREGON CITY .N PORTLAND
Leaving Portland (or Salem and way
landings at 646 a. m., and Oregon
City at about i p. m.
-W.S. 80 YEARS'
w. rrr. rvDcBiikirc
Traoc Marks
DlSIQNB
COPYHIOHT AC.
Anyone smiling a sketch and desorlprtnn may
ejrttckly ascertain our optnton free whstber an
InTMitlon Is probably patentable. Com man lea.
lions suicur ocnuaemiai. uanoDooaon fatauu
sent free. Oldest aeeooy for securing patents.
PstwU taken tarouih Msan Co. reeal
apMSal sutiss, without oh arte. In the
Scientific flttKrican.
A handsomely lllastrated weekly. Larweat err.
eeatu-
aj toiBiivuw loDruai. 't ertus. as a
mtha,tL Sold trail newsdealers.
year
w V.-.saUaafaaask
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C08,B"N8WJQlt
let, id f BU Wathlafteo, fl, 0, "