Timber.
A country cnnnot coutlnue to be pop
ulous nor highly civilized when its for
. ests, or their equivalent In coal, are lost
to It But tills loss hag been experi
enced by mnuy nations. The whole
Eastern world was once well wooded,
Roman and Greek writers assure us of
this. Vast regions of Europe and
Asia, by wars and wantonness aud
Imprudence, have been stripped of
tuelr forests. A belt of .woodland
stretching from the Pyrenees to the
Himalayas has been swept away, and
that whole region, once fertile aud pop
ulous, now uarely sustains a people
scanty In numbers. It Is a significant
fact that great deserts now occupy the
orlglnul seat of the human race, aud
extend ott every route of their migra
tions. Humboldt Is reported as saying
"Men In all climates seem to bring up
on future generations two calamities at
once n want of fuel aud a scarcity of
water." The two come alike from the
destruction of the forests.
How to Tell Bheen'a An:.
The Breeders' Gazette, In reply to a
correspondent, says that a sheep's age
cannot be determined with precision
from the appearance of the animal's
teeth. Terlods of dentition vary a few
months. In general, the lamb has his
eight small teeth for from 1- to 10
mouths. At the end of this time be cuts
two large teeth, as at Fig. 1, when he Is
said to have "a yearling mouth." At
something less than 2 years (general
ly) there are four large permanent !C'
clsors, as nt Fig. 2. At about 30 months
there are six permanent Incisors, as at.
Fig. 3, and the other two come at about
30 to 42 mouths, as at Fig. 4, when the
sheep Is said to "have a full mouth.'
From this date the age is guessed at by
the amount of wear on the grinders.
Hoed Crops on Pod,
So far as possible the farmer ought
to have sod land on which to grow all
hoed crops. He cannot usually mnko
nearly enough manure to fertilize all
that he wants to plant to corn or pota
toes. If there is a sod to be rottlnn
during the summer a moderate dress
ing of commercial fertilizers will In
sure as great success as he could usual
ly depend upon with a dressing of ma
nure on land that has -been naked
through the winter. I'osslbly the sod
may not equal In value the plant nutri
tion furnished by a dressing of stable
manure, but the sod will be more sure
to rot if the season be dry, and thus
make up In availability what it lacks
In fertilizing power. If the sod be
mnlnly of clover, the fertility It will
add to the soil will be as great as Is
given with the manure dressings, es
pecially If applied just after the laud
Is plowed.
A Ponltrr Hooks 'ev'c!e.
Where fowls are kept In confinement
whether te season be summer or win
ter they must be furnished green food
in the form of cnbbnge, turnips, beets
or cut clover. These should not be
POULTRY HOCSK DEVICE.
thrown loosely Into the pen to become
quickly soiled, but put Into a rack with
sloping sides, like that shown in the
sketch. The hens reach through the
slats and eat what they desire. The
top slopes so that they cannot roost
upon It If filled with cabbages, etc,
they will come down to the bens as fast
as eaten.
Dwarf Peara and Apple.
Thin the fruit allowing not more
than forty to sixty specimens to remain
on each tree. The fruit will grow to a
jfine size, and the strength of the tree
,wlll not be taxed, Finch the forward
"branches In, keeping the tree compact
and symmetrical In form. Fruit for
lexhlbltlon should be carefully, grown,
allowing not more than one peck to the
fEETH 6r SHEEP AT "DIFFERENT AGES.
tree. Fork the earth up all around the
tree, and thou cover the ground as far
out as the brunches extend with one
Inch In depth of rotted horse manure.
If the weather should prove dry, water
freely every evening,
roor Milker.
Success In dairying must depend not
only on having cows able to give a lib
eral mess nnd keep at It, but also on
the kind of milkers employed. A care
less, lazy milker will easily lose more
than his wages during the time he Is
employed. Not only (Ills, but he will
julekly convert a really good cow Into
a poor one. The milk which the careless
milker leaves In the udder Is always
that which has the largest amount of
butter fats. i It is not drawn the fat
Is reabsorbed. Into the. cow nnd helps
to dry lfer off. i'he illiiieuity In gel
ting help that can be depended ou Is
the great drawback In rumilng a large
dairy farm. It Is also no light. Job to
milk ten, twelve or more cows twice
every day. It will mnke any man's
hands tired until he becomes used to It.
Cider and Cider Vinegar.
Where summer apples are plentiful
It Is more protituble to make them Into
cider, aud then Into vinegar. A hand
mill can be had for $10 that will make
from two to three barrels per day. Af
ter the juice Is pressed out mix the
pinnace with mill-feed, and feed It to
the cows when fresh. Fill tho barrels
full of cider aud set them In the sun to
ferment. Keep the barrels full. After
fermentation censes add two gallons of
Btroug old vinegar to each barrel, and
put In three strips of brown paper sat
urated with common molasses. Cover
the bung-hole with gnuzo wire. By the
following spring excellent vinegar may
be had. Never add water to the cider,
as It Injures the strength and flavor of
the vinegar.
' Bheep Amonu Orowlnv Corn.
. It Is the practice of good farmers
now to cultivate both corn and pota
toes much louger than used to be
thought advisable. The reason Is that
the modern cultivation Is shallow and
does not disturb tho roots. But where
a piece of either corn or potatoes Is
weedy n few sheep mny be put Into the
field after midsummer with no dan
ger whatever that they will Injure tho
crop.' Almost any other stock will at
tack both corn nnd either the potato
tops or roots. Sheep will not eat either.
Usually only the ram was put in somo
time in July, aud was uot taken out
until the corn was ready to harvest.
After corn Is out. sheep will attack the
corn ears. While It stands they seldom
do this.
For Hob Plaitne.
The following Is the prescription rec
ommended for bog plague by Dr. Sal
mon, of the Bureau of Animal Industry:
One port wood charcoal; one part sul
phur; two parts sodium chloride or
common salt; two parts sodium bicar
bonate; two parts sodium hyposulphite;
one part sodium sulphite; one part anti
mony sulphite. Pulverize and mix
thoroughly. Dose One tnblespoonful
for each two buudred pounds weight
of hog ence a day.
Wash Feed Grain. '
If one will wash a feed of onts or
corn, there will be seen an amount of
filth and trash that would astonish the
man who thinks he feeds clean grain to
his horses. Try washing, and let the
grain dry or nearly so before feeding.
There are evidences that soaked corn
and oats are more profitable, more ens
Ily aud thoroughly digestible than the
same amount fed dry. Western Agri
culturist The Horae Doea Thla,
A good horse can travel 400 yards In
four and a half minutes nt a walk. 400
yards In two minutes In a trot, and 400
yards In one minute in t. gallop. The
usual work of a horse Is taken at 22,500
pounds raised one foot per minute for
eight hours per day. A horse will car
ry 250 pounds twenty-five miles per day
of eight hours.
Among; the Poultry.
nave troughs In which to feed all
soft feed.
If your hens lay soft-shelled eggs
they need more lime.
I'he sitting hen now has the floor.
Take care of her.
Is there not room for a flock of geese
on your farm? Study the situation.
A wnrni feed for breakfast goes a
long way In Inducing hens to lay now.
When the combs and wattles of the
fowls are of a bright red color it indi
cates a condition of health.
When the manure Is hard and a por
tion Is white, it Indicates a healthy con
dition of the digestive organs.
When the fowls are busy scratching,
the hens laying and singing and the
cocks growing, these are signs of good
health.
When you can enter the hen bouse
after dark .and hear no wheezing It
proves there are not any roupy fowls
in the flock.
A generous application of lime on the
chicken yard and In the sheds and runs
Is now In order. It may prove a cheap
prevention of disease.
' When fowls are Judiciously fed, made
to take exercise, and .their quarters
kept clean and free from lice, there Is
comparatively no trouble with sick
ness, except In cases of contagion.
Tbla la Different.
"Love makes the world eo round."
The world seems to go round, but love
makes vour head swim: that's the ex
planation. Boston Transcript
Hundreds of experiments have been
made to determine whether toads could
live when enclosed In blocks of stone.
and in every case the toads died before
the end of the second year.
A Venetian firm la making; bonne ta
of spun glass, which are soft and aa
pliable as silk.
CROSS OUTRAGES
Cpnn the r tnmsch ami bowels are perpetrted
ty in li )l 1 1 ti-l- ill liijudirioua uvnlila wliu, upon
rxi eriuni'lim the anunvanflti nt cnniliiiiini
In hIIkIiI ili'ttrit!, Inllllraic lliflr bowels Willi
l rt-l i i-li I K avaetiants, which vnh'i-blt) the In.
Ii'klllial membrane to a serious emi'iil, some.
limi'K, rvi'li, kiiiurluilui'liiK il) .onii-rjr or piles.
Hosteller's ritumneli Miners li the (rue mi-i't-iUii("tin
fur these. niwiruiiK, mice ti l nt
oui-e InvliioratliiK, iiuiule mid effectual. II ho
banishes dyaueiuia, inMnrlnlvomplaiuts, rheu
luaiisio and kluiivy troubles.
Tlio Athens check factory is to be
operated by electricity. This is the
first cotton factory in Georgia to nse
electricity as a motive power.
There li mnro Catarrh In thla tectlnn of the
country than all oilier diseases pill together,
ami until tin' lust lew yeara vmssupiioiieit lo be
inrumble. Kor a ureal many years tin 'tors pro
nounced it a local disease, and prescribed lueal
remedies, and by constantly fulling lo cure by
loeai iremmem, pronnuueeu u iiii-iiraine.
Hclenee lias proven catarrh, to be a couslllu
jlnyai disease, and ll?rcfow rejylK cyn-tj.
(utlunal treatment. Huil Ciitan n Cure, man.
iilacturod by K. J. Cheney k Co., Toledo, O,, li
the only coiiniinilonal cure on the market. It
la taken Internally in dosis from lu .Imps to a
leaspoouful. It aril directly on the blood and
mucous surfaces ol the system. They offer one
hundred ilollara for any caae It lulls to cure,
ieud for circulara and testimonials. Addr ",
K. J. CIIKSEV Jt CO., Toledo, O.
Sold by driiKKixta. "':.
Hall's family Tills are, the best.
Two bottles of I'Iko'h Cure for consump
tion cured me of a but! lung trouble. Mm.
J. Nichols, Princeton, Iml., Mar. 11), ljUj.
Three million five hundred thousand
steel pens are used throughout the
world every day in the week,
THREE JTAPPY WOMEN "
Relieved of Periodic Pain and Backache.
"Bcforo using; Lydla E. rinkham's
Vegetable Compound, my health was
being gradually undermined. I suf
fered untold oprony from painful men
struation, backache, pcln on top of my
head, and ovarian trouble. The com
pound entirely cured me. Jlr.s.
Ueouoie "Wass, 023 Bank St, Cincin
nati, O.
" For years I had suffered with pain
ful menstruation every month. One
day a little book of Mrs. Flnkham's
was thrown into my house, and I
sat right down and read It I then
got some of Lydla E. Flnkham's Vege
table Compound and Liver Pills. I
can heartily say that to-day I feel like
a new woman ; my monthly Buffering
Is a thing of the past. I shall always
praise the Vegetable Compound for
what it has done for mo. Mrs. Mar
garet A.vriKRSON, 3G3 Lisbon St,
Lewiston, Me.
"Lydla E. knkham's Vcpetablo Com
pound has m:-cd mo of painful men
struation and backache. The agony
I suffered during menstruation nearly
drove me wild. Now this is all over,
thanks to Mrs. Pinkham's medicine and
advice." Mns. Cabrie V. Williams,
6outh Mills, N.C.
The great volume of . testimony
proves 'conclusively that Lydia E.
Pinkham's Vegetable Compound is a
safe, sure, and almost infallible rem
edy in cases of irregularity, suppressed,
excessive, or painful monthly periods.
FARMERS
(offC"
Thi is TMt
MICHiNt TO P
YOuR (loP in
WITH
Tmt FALL
CLARK'S RIGHT-LAP
Plow and Seeder Combined.
Thoroughly works the Soil to a depth ot S to
Inches.
Leaves no Plow Crust.
I'laee the seed S to 4 inches down, thoroughly
lorered lth light, loose noil.
Kvery farmer that lias used It RECOM
MENDS it.
Illf
first and Taylor sts., portwnd, or.
Generul Agents for Oregon, Waaliing
ton and Idaho.
Portland, Oregon
a. P. Armsthqno, ll.b., Priu. J. A. Wesco, Sec'jr
THE BUSY WORLD OF BUSINESS
(Ivei pronuble employment to hundred! of oar (radanlei, and.
will lo tbouHDdi more. Bend for oar catalogue.
Learn whal aud how wo teach. Verily,
SUtlNtH EDUCATION PAY
Manly Power
The Strength, Activity and Brain
Power of Manhood are Restored
to Weak Men Who Use Doctor
Sanden's Electric Beit.
Every Belt ha SnR. It baa a Patent
an ele'i trle 8nn- iJa Regulator tor
penoory" Iree tor if: makingenrrent
Pr. Randen'i Electric Belt Is .today the ac
knowledged means of recovering the power of
manhood. It nils the nerves with new life: It
inereaiea the brain power, and removes all the
weakening effeeta of Indiscretions, excesaea,
etc., In fact, restores jour strength.
Are You Weak?
It will care nervous debility In any form, for
elertriUy i the life of the nerves and makes
them strong. It checks all wav.e of power in
two weeks. It cures all kidney and bladder
trouble", rheumatium, lame back, etc. Send
for our medieal work, illustrated, "Three
Claaaea of Men," free. Addreaa
SANDEN ELECTRIC BELT CO.
153 West Vf sehlngtoa St., Portland, Or.
Pirate mention tUt Paper.
fsTPTrRa! aad PtLKS eured: no par na
t til eared: send for book. lRa. Misirtsi
FbanaruxD, 2 Markat St.. Baa fraaciKX.
d A. . '
.Hw.aef-TJ-. "
She 8o you don't like that hnt Just
In front of us? How would you like It
trimmed? He (savagely) With n lawn
mower. Tit-Bits.
The Cnptnln (boisterously) Come,
old mnn, bruce up! What's got Into
you? PiissenRor If you dou't put me
ashore you'll very soon see. Life.
'Toor, motherless girl:" ho exclaim
ed, and turned sadly away. What he
wanted was a motherless girl who
should be In moderate flreuuistniK-es,
nt Jeast. ruck.
Scotch. MeSporrnn (leaving' hoiuei
Noo, Janet, dlnna forgot to milk" lectio
Sandy tnk' his glass e'e out when he's
ua looklu' at aethlng. New York
Truth.
She Oh, James, how grand the sea
Is. How wonderful. I do so llko to
hear the roar of the ocean. He So
do I, Elizabeth. Plouso keep quiet.
Lustlgcn Ilhietter.
Cholly Rlcketts (trnglcnllyr-Itofuse
me, dourest, nud I slinll enter u mou
ustory nud be n monk. Maude Suiii
niortllrt Monastery. Dou't you mean
a menagerie? Puck.
"Joking aside, umdnni, two girls
hnve gone Insane from love of ine
and you say you really cnnnot love
me?" "No, baron." "Third case of In
sanity !" Flloguude Ulnetter.
Old Mlllyiins-Young man, my
daughter tells me you kissed her last
night. Perclvul Tootles-Well, If she
wants to go bragging about It, that's
her privilege. Chicago Record.
Weary Wlllle-Ef you hod a million
dollurs, Fields, wot would you do wit'
it? Flowery Fields W'y, 1 wouldn't
do nutt'n' wl(' It I'd Jest rest eusy and
let It do Butt'n' wit' me. Truth.
"Everybody seems to be on nn equal
ity In Klondike," said the shoe-clork
boarder. "Yes," said tho Cheerful
Idiot, "one man can cut as much lee as
another up there."-Iudiuuupolls Jour
nal. Mr. Gotrox What would you expect
me to do for my daughter if you mar
ried her? Georgie Goodthlng (slightly
embarrassed) You er wouldn't- be
willing to die for her, would you?
Judge,
"Paw," asked the little boy," "what
Is a brain-worker?" "A brain-worker,"
said the old mnn, " is a man who
has to spend all his salary lu dressing
up to the position he holds." Typo
graphical Journal.
Isnacsteln Dot vas a quveer t'lng
vot happenedt to Rosenbnum's shtore.
Dere vas a purglary undt a shmall
fire der same night. Cohensteln Yes;
Rosenbnum toldt me dot he came oudt
shoost even. Puck.
VPapa," said Hilly, tearfully, after a
playful romp with the good-untured
but rather rough St. Bernard puppy,
"I don't believe Bingo knows what
kind of a dog he Is. He plays as If he
thought he was a little pug."-Bnzar.
Young Lady You are a wonderful
master of the piano, I hear. Professor
von Spieler (hired for the occasion) I
blny aggompanlnienta soiuetlm.es.
Young Lady Accompaniments to
singing? Professor von Spieler Ag
gompanimeuts to gonversatlons. Tit
Bits. Mrs. Newlywed That Is our new
burglar-alarm you see, If a burglar
should get Into the lower part of the
house, that would ring. Her mother
Oh! and scare him orf? Mrs. Newly
wed (doubtfuIly)-Well, It might; but
It would give Clarence aud nie plenty
of time to hide In the attic, anyway.
Puck.
First Assistant (In Daily Hustler of
fice) It strikes nie that the editor Is
becoming decidedly nbsent-niluded.
Second Assistant Why do you think
so? First Assistant-Why, In that
long article on the wonderful progress
of mankind during the relgu of Queen
Victoria, he never once mentioned the
increase in the circulation of the Hus
tler. Puck.
Electric Light on Battlcllelds.
Special attention Is being given by
the French military authorities to the
questions of succoring the wounded
onliattleflelds when night comes on af
ter a great battle. Experiments have
been made with powerful electric arc
lights, but the apparatus has condi
tions. At length It has been practical
ly determined that the ambulauco
corps men shall wenr little incandes
cent glow-lamps In their hats, Just like
ladles of the ballet In a spectacular ex
travaganza. Each man Is to carry a
little primary battery In Ms pocket for
the production of the current. ' The
wounded In need of succor will look
out for the little moving lights, and if
possible drag themselves toward them.
Paris letter.
Everlasting Fence Pout.
Fence posts treated under the follow
ing manner will last a lifetime or
more. Posts that have boon lu the
ground seven years, when taken out,
were as good as when they wore first
put in the ground. This Is the reolpe.
Take boiled linseed oil and stir It In
pulverized charcoal to the consistency
of paint. Put a coat of this over th
timber.
A Magnetlo Hill.
On the Island of Canna (situated
northwest of the Island of Rumi there
Is a bill so magnetic as to affect the
compasses of vessels passing near.
Home's Cemetery.
The most extensive cemetery In the
world la that at Rome, la which over
6,000,000 human beings have been in
terred. Every woman In telling of her sick
ness says she "suffered everything."
Closed August 31st
That Schillings Best tea missing-word
contest closed August 31st.
We shall announce the winners and the
word at the first possible moment.
A $2000.00 missing-word contest begins
at once. '
Schilling's Besi baking powder and tea are
.because
What is the missing word ?
Every ticket taken from Schillings Best
baking powder or tea is good for one
guess at the missing word.
Send your ticket with your guess and
name and address to
MONEY-BACK, SAN FRANCISCO.
Dig Telegraph Cable Contract.
The largest telephone cable contract
ever given is reported from St Louis
is a result of the telephone wires being
placed under ground in that city. The
itatement that the contract covers 050,
300 feet of cable containing fully 100,
300,000 feet of No. 19 B. & S. copper
wire, 2,000,000 pounds of lead easing
and thousands of pounds of paper
Insulation can ' only be appreciated
by comparisons. Six hundrod and
9fty thousand feet equals about
124 miles, or .about the distance
rom New York along the coast
lo Cape May, or the very end of New
Jersey. The small wires, if spliced to
gether, would reach nearly half round
ihe earth, the total length being 18,900
miles. One thousand tons of lend
rvould equal in weight a solid prism of
;astiron ten feet squure and 45 feet
nigh-
HOME PltODVCTS AND PUKE FOOD.
All Eastern Syrup, so-called, usually very
lltlit colored and of heavy body, Is made from
rlucose, "Tea Garden Uriu" is made from
junar Cane and Is strictly pure. It la for sale
dv Ant-clam irorvrH, ill cans only. Maniifac
lured br the Pacific Coaht HVRCP Co. AH Ren.
Jine "Tea lianlrn Driyt" have the mnuuiac
Hirer's name llthograplicd on every cau.
Foreign Cardinal. .
Cardinal di Kemle's death, according
the London Tablet, has made the
number of foreign cardinals greater
ihan flint of- the Italian for the second
;ime within twelve months. There are
now 81 of the former to 80 of tho lat
,er, a state of things which, until
irtthin a few years, had not occurred
(or many centuries. .
AN OPEN LETTER
To MOTHERS.
. WB ARE ASSERTING IN THE COURTS OUR RIGHT TO THE
EXCLUSIVE USE OP THE WORD " CA8TORIA " AND
"PITCHER'S CASTORIA," AS OUR TRADE MARK.
I, DR. SAMUEL PITCHER, of Eyannis, Massachusetts,
was tho originator of "PITCHER'S CASTORIA," the same
that Jtas borne and does now fT . si " on every
bear, the facsimile signature of &tjyt Gt'CcJUU wrapper.
This is the original "PITCHER'S CASTORIA," which has been
used, in the homes of the mothers of America for over thirty
years. LOOK CAREFULLY at tlie wrapper and see tliat it is
the kind you liave always bought sij? wtyr,M on the
and has the signature ofcZ wrap
per. Jfo one Jtas authority from me to use my name except
Ihe Centaur Company of which Chas. II. Fletcher is
President.
March 8, 1897. Q$.
Do Not Be Deceived.
Do not endanger the life of your child by accepting a cheap substitute
which some druggist may offer you (because he makes a few more penniei
on it), the ingredients of which even lie docs not know.
"The Kind You Have Always Bought"
BEARS THE FAC-SIMILE SIGNATURE OF
Insist on Having
Kind That Never Failed You.
The
aafl fUr j fsr fs rr ry rr an far f v
"A perfect tvp of the hlfhust
Walter
BREAKFAST COCOAS
1 V
Absolutely Pure
Costs Less than
Be aura that yoa f et tha
f enuln artlcU, Baa at
WALTER
DO YOU WANT
SEEDS
Set them at hxadquartora. I carry br far the
larf .t a.aortinoiit ou the coast. Remember
Ihe best Is always tilt chf apeat. 8-nJ li,r cat-
twrf J Aft ua Ui.. ..A fm
V( Established
they are money-back;
2030
HALF
lYr.25c.2Yr. 50c.
Free CATALOGUE
-Froc Send for it
Buell Lamberson,
Portland, Oregon.
PRICE
j9 Drugs...
Patent Medicines
at Cut Rates...
1
. W00DARD, CLARKE 4 CO.
Wholesale and Ketall Druggists, Portland.
BASE Bill GOODS
We carry the rmwt complete line of (lymnaaium
aud Athletic i.ockib on the Coast.
8UI1S Avi UNIFORMS MADE 10 0R0ER.
Send fur Our Athletic Calaloirtie.
WILL & FINCK CO..
SIS-SUO Markut 1st., San Francisco, Cat.
IVEftKIIESSCFl.lEN
Quickly, Thoroughlyf Forever Cured
by a nw perfected ulentiflo
methoti tbftt omt fail
tin I cm the cairn it bayond
bumsn aid. Yau feel ln
Erowri the flrtt day, feel m
onettt every luy, soon know
f ouraelf m king tinong men
n body, mma nd heart.
Ir.t.ne and loetet ended.
Every nbtitacle to beppy
murriod life removed. Nerve
fnrm. will, enersv. when
failing or lout, are rentored by thin treatment All
weak portioru of t!ie body enlarged and strength
ened. Write for nur book, with eiplanntiona and
proof Sent tealed, free. Over 2,000 rofereaoeoa.
ERIE MEDICAL CO.,
65 NIAGARA ST.
BUFFALO. N.
rl ra . rsa faa aj f l saai f a 9 W a Vc.
order of xclltnee In nnfnctnre." f
Baker Si Co.'s f
Delicious Nutritious.
One Cent a Cup.
DORCHESTER, MASS.JT
se
....By.... j,,
BAKER & CO. Ltd. fcV
.aaaaa.......
k ,CH,LDIM T
him in sfiirrM,
nima, altar mM pnln.mm wlrrf nAU-.trui u 4
rrmMt tfT tWmrtinem. twenty flt emit f
It ltrilHHtfll. 2
k in bet
1PM ran ba sarrd art'b
otit their knowlnlf. Uy
AND JQ, tbo muTrlmi.
mr. for ihm drink aubtt.
Jill dniirulata or writ
I aM4ai, a. Vft (iir,
GUDU MAILED FRES.
N. P. K. V.
No. , 1.
TRBM arrltlnc Ui ail a.rt.sar., al.aa
aaaaa Caaaaaal Com M
rutL iMrukMAliON
aaaatlaa tbla pap.r..