V:
Fag 10
rnnoK coi'nty jornx.Uj
WHERE EX-SERVICE MEN ARE DISPLACING CIVILIANS
111 II v ii L 1 vi 1 L-?!
Wholesale cuts In the uuinber of female employees of the bureau of war risk Insurance are part of the general
plnn of the bureau to bring all Its employees under the civil service regulations. The places of probably 1,1100 of the
girls who have been permitted to resign will be taken by an equal number of ex-service men who have qualified by
civil service examinations. This photograph shows service men and girl clerical forces working side by side.
Woman Worker
Has Made Good
Wonderful Record in War Service
Is Shown in Statistics
Just Compiled.
MANY TAKE UP MEN'S WORK
Nearly 15,000,000 Women Drew Pay
for Labor Never Before Performed
by Them 700,000 Acted as
Volunteers in Liberty
Loan Campaign.
Washington. Statistics have proved
that during the world war nearly 15,
ioOO.OOO women actually were drawing
pay for their services. More than 1,
pOO.OOO of them never hnd done a day's
work In their lives. The number of
volunteers would add another 1,000,
000 to that total.
In the Liberty loan campaign alone
,700,000 women acted as volunteers.
There was a similar number In the
united war drive. For the Red Cross
the total must have been millions, for
in this organization women who
worked all day or who kept house all
day, and who had an hour to spare,
would devote that hour to surgical
dressings, classes, refugee work or
ministering to the wants of those
whose homes had been hit by the In
fluenza epidemic. Then, too, stenog
raphers, clerks and girls in office
buildings would, at the close of the
business day, offer their services grat
is, to the draft boards or any of the
other countless bureaus organized for
the speedy termination of the war.
In actual figures the women whose
services brought monetary remunera
tion were listed as follows: Mechan
ical and manufacturing, 2,000,000; ag
ricultural, 2,000,000; transportation,
200,000; merchandise, 600,000; public
service, 50,000; professional, 70,000;
clerical, 700,000; domestic and per
sonal service, 2,500.000; unclusslfled,
6,750,000 total, 14,870.000.
Help Win War.
Those employed in the actual win
ning of the war or in positions listed
as necessary for the winning of the
war Included munitions, 100,000; can
neries, 80,000 ; food, spice, drug, tobac
co and similar factories, 125,000; tex
tiles, 275,000; clothing factories. 212,
000; hosiery and knit goods, 130,000;
making shoes, 05,000; general equip
ment, 600,000; shlpynrd and foundry
employees (the latter made bolts and
rivets, ran drill presses and worked In
machine shops), 100,000 total, 1,717,
000. ' This figure represents only the worn
' en who already were mill-trained and
does not include those who left oc
cupations to assist In war work, nor
does It Include those who hnd had no
previous experience in work of aity
kind.
; In 1910, one-fourth of all the wom
en in Industry were married, and more
than 15 per cent were either widowed
or divorced. In 1918 the number of
married workers had practically dou
bled and, with comparatively few ex
ceptions, all had one or more depend
ent upon them for support.
Of the number who actually have
replaced men no figures are obtaina
ble. The Bush Terminal company of
New York was one of the first to re
"Thirsty for Words" Is
Her Bigamy Defense
London. The excuses . and
palliations, brought forward In
bigamy cases are monumental
In their ingenuity, but I think
this one from the north of Eng
land will lake a prodigious lot
of beating. A girl was had tip
for a triple bigamy surely
oughtn't It be called trlgnmy
when It's three? Her mother
wns called for the defense, but
all she could say In explanation
wns: "She can't help It, my
lord. She's got a reg'lar thirst
for 'avlng the words spoke over
erl"
-
alize the possibilities of women In
men's Jobs, nnd within a week after
the selective service net had been
passed called for woman volunteers
to replace the men. Iustead of con
fining the replacement to the families
of Its employees. It sent out an appeal
to all stenographers, telephone opera
tors and clerks, with the result that
the clerical force of their own estab
lishment, which was essentially a war
producing machine, was not In nny
way depleted, and within a few
months women were operntlng electric
and steam locomotives, running motor
trucks, operating steam winches and
cranes, Inspecting and maintaining
lighting and telephone and other com
munity service utilities, loading cars
and ships, packing In warehouse and
cold storage rooms and handling de
tails of transportation.
Took Jobs of Men.
In the operating department of one
of the Eastern railroads 2,360 women
and girls took positions formerly held
by men. In one of the large Western
cities more than 20,000 women re
placed men who hnd been called Into
service. Another American establish
ment employed 5,000 girls in nearly all
the mechanical departments in the
operation of making fuses. In another
plnnt where uniforms were manufac
tured nearly 3,000 women were em
ployed. Still another plant, a Mas
sachusetts concern manufacturing mu
Bore Into Telephone Cables
Beetle Causes No End of Trouble to
Telephone Companies In Cali
fornia. Washington. When telephone girls
In California find their wires are
"shorted," a bug may be on or In the
This Beetle Bores Through Lead
Sheathing of Aerial Cables Magni
fied Ten Times.
wire, for California has a wood-boring
beetle that goes through wood and
also through alloyed substances
considerably harder than lead. The
beetle has put hundreds of tele
phones out of commission by boring
holes In the cables that carry the
wires. Water enters the cables, mak
NEW MORMON TEMPLE NEAR HONOLULU
yum xta ' ,
( $C 'j.-w - 'i i iCZ v - , -', , ' -s-fv , : ,t
View of the new Mormon temple at Lale, on the Island of Oahu, near
Honolulu, which was recently dedicated In the presence of noted Mormon
church dignitaries. This Is the only Mormon temple outside of continental
United States.
nitions, employed 10,000 workers, near
ly all of whom were women.
That the women have made good
has been definitely established. In one
of the munitions plants where 2,000
girls were at work the greatest out
put made by two BCts of engineers
were 15,000 complete sets of fuses
dnlly In two shifts. Tho girls turned
out 3S,000 complete sets In the same
period of time. In another Instance
where the work dealt directly vith a
drill press the greatest production
where men were working In tennis wns
3,200 pieces each In nine hours' time,
while that of girls doing the same
work was 4.400 pieces each.
DESCRIBES SIBERIAN MISERY
Col. Tausler of Red Cross Says Filth
Was Cause of Army's
Reverses.
Tokyo. That a chief cause fur the
recent reverses of the Siberian army
was to be found in its unsanitary con
ditions, was the opinion expressed re
cently by Col. It. B. Teusler, American
Ited Cross commissioner to Siberia.
Col. Teusler suld that bad sanita
tion, both In the army and among the
population, with the agonies of starva
tion, brought about extreme misery
nnd a moral breakdown, which was es
pecially reflected In the troops, who
felt they had no support behind' them.
The minds of the populntton seemed
to hnve become almost benumbed and
absolutely Indifferent to what hap
pened, or to the suffering of others.
Col. Teusler added that although
such numbers of the people were starv
ing, there was sufficient food, but lack
of transportation facilities prevented
Its distribution where most needed.
ing wire connections useless until the
bored places are found and repaired.
The problem of control of this metal
boring beetle Is still unsolved, accord
ing to the bureau of entomology of the
United States department of agricul
ture, and It will be difficult to flud s
practical way.
"Immortals" Tackle Job
They Will End in 2020
The holiday season set the
French academy back two
weeks In the work of revising
the French dictionary which, ac
cording to the best estimates,
will be completed In the year
2020 or 2025.
The two holidays this year
happened to fall on Thursday,
the only day of the week on
which the Forty Immortuls as
semble. Academy members began the
present revision la 1878, 41
years ago.
Bird Breeding
Place Menaced
Most Remarkable Refuge in tho
World in Danger From
Hunters.
MANY RARE SPECIES THERE
Bird Rgiervatlon It Under Control of
the Department ef Agriculture
Protecting the Birds There It
Precarious Business.
Washington. Slicking out In the
racltlc ocean OtH) miles beyond Hono
lulu Is a group of little Islands, the
largest not more than two square
miles In area, nnd several of them
barely rising above the waves at high
tide. Vet on those Islands are many
hundreds of thousands of birds and
among them are at least six species
u
Albatross Wings Piled in Old Cuano Shed, Ls.ynn Islands. Evidence of
the Extent to Which Poachers Have Killed These Birds. The Wings
Stored Here Wert Evidently Intended for Shipping, but Never Hid
Been Cured.
not found anywhere else In the world.
In 11U1, one of thoso species wns rep
resented by six birds nil that were
left as the sole means of perpetuating
the species, and they concentrated on
a single little island, where one man
might kill them all In one minute's
shooting.
That species the I,n.vsnn tealhas
fortunately Increased until there are,
by estimate, thirty-five Individuals.
For the t'ulted Stales department of
agriculture, for a few jenrs, has con
trolled the Islands as a bird reserva
tion the Hawaiian Islands reservation,
It Is called. Iiut protecting the birds
there Is a precarious business. The
possibility has existed always Hint one
or more of the rnre species might be
wiped out In a day.
Albatross Destroyers Arrested.
By way of Illustration, this: One
day In 1900 the crew of the cutter
Thetis found nn old shed absolutely
piled full of albatross wings. A search
revealed the fact that 23 plume hunt
ers had landed on l.nysnn Island and
had killed ht least .'100,000 birds. The
men were raptured, taken lo Honolulu,
and formally urrested. Since that time
there Is not known to have been any
repetition of such depredations, but
It Is always Imminent.
Just now many fishermen lnrgely
nationals of countries other than tho
United States are extending their op
erations from Honolulu out to the re
gion of the bird reservation. I.niullngs
on the Islands are constantly Immi
nent, and such landings would be a
in on ace to ono of the most remarkable
bird-breeding places In the world. The
bureau of biological survey, having
direct charge of the reservation, Is
cnlllng attcutlon to the fact that dis
turbing the birds on l.nysnn or any of
tho smaller Islands Is forbidden, and
announcing that the reservation will
be protected, by whatever means are
necessary, for the benefit of all the
peoples of the world.
I.aysan, the largest of the group, Is
one of tho most westerly of the Ha
waiian Islands. It has nn area of about
two square miles', and within It, con
forming generally to the coast line, Is
a large lagoon. This Island Is one of
the most populous blrd-brcedlng places
on the globe, literally hundreds of
thousnnds of birds resorting there to
lay their eggs every year.
Specialists of the biological survey
call attention to the fact that the
ostensible occupation of fishermen
does not mean that men -may not be
very destructive to birds. The great
Invents Typewriter on
Which to Write Music
Wichita, Kan. Will Kansas
wonders never cense? A type
writer on which one can suc
cessfully write music Is the In
vention of H. P. Fluuth, a com
poser of this city.
The machine Is Bald to hnve
135 characters which Can he
written on, below or above ihe
Staff. The typewriter differs
from the ordinary nnnlel only In
that the printing surface of the
roller Is flat.
Flauth Is understood tn have
worked more than 18 years on
the Invention.
auk, they recall, was exterminated hy
fishermen, Tim raicM of all Hie species
that ovist only In the l.n.vsau group
Is n duck-like bird, excellent for f I,
and therefore must likely to be shot
by IKIicrmcn.
Rare Birds on Island.
The species that nest there nnd no
where else nre the I.a.vsan leal, the
Utile I.nysan rail, the l.nyxnn honey
enter, the l.aysnu finch, tho miller bird
(a small warbler), the Hawaiian torn,
nnd the Ijivsan albntiois, other spe
cies that nest principally on I.ayMii
nnd adjacent Islands and would be
In danger of externiltiallon If nmlcstcil
there, nro Hie red tailed tropic bd.
the black fooled .Ibntrom, the gray
hacked tern, nnd the sooly tern.
The number of Individuals of the ex
clusive species In 1911 were estimated
to be: Six of the I.ayxnn teal, perhaps
100 of the miller bird. ,'l"0 of the
honey-eater, 2,000 of the rail, 2,700 of
V OOnT..
3".' lp
"7. ,v
the finch, and 1S0,(HX of the albatross.
Indications nro that, while the teal
has Increased, the other specie have
probably decrcuscd.
The Islands composing the reserva
tion are I.nysan Island, Ocean or Cure
Islntid, 1'enii and Hermes reef, I.yslnn
ski or Pell Island, Mary reef, nwitt
reef, (iardlner Island, Two Ilroiliers
reef, French Frigate sloml, Necker
Islund, Frost shonl and lllrd Island.
50 Year Old
Cache Found
Stefansson Discovers Supplies
Left in 1850 to Aid Ill
Fated Franklin.
RECALLS TRAGEDY OF ARCTIC
Food and Clothing Found to Be Almost
In as Good Condition as When
Placed There by MeClin
tock in 18S3.
New York. Of Interest to all who
have beard the call of the North and
the lure of exploration Is the an
nouncement flint Vllhjalniur Stefans
son found tho abandoned cache of Sir
Leopold McCllntock, commander of
the Intrepid, In the Arctic after a
lapse of more thnn half a century. It
wns Sir Leopold McCllntock, In com
mand of the ship Intrepid, who found
traces of the voyage of Hint unfortun
ate explorer Sir John Franklin. He
built a cache on Melville Island, pre
sumably between IS'iO nnd 18.r4, when
In quest of tidings of Sir John Frank
lin nnd tho members of his ill-fated
expedition In the Arctic.
Located by Stefansson.
The McCllntock cache was located
by Stefansson, who reports that ho
found everything In almost as good
condition as when placed (here In
1853. Articles of clothing he found
particularly well preserved and much
better In quality thnn the clothing of
today, and the food and supplies left
Lin the Arctic cache by Commander
McCllntock and his men nlso were
well preserved, dosplle the severe
weather known to prevail In the Arc
tic regions.
Documents nnd a list of the con
tents of a cache built In the fur North
by Commander McCllntocli nnd other
data also were found by ("apt. Joseph
B. Bernler, In command of the "Arc
tic" expedition of 1008-1000. A tablet
erected nn Dealy Island hy Cnptaln
Kellett nnd Commander McCllntock
In 8Ti2-18!i3, whoso vessels were lost,
also was found by Captain Hornier
and re-erected, with Ills own tablet,
nn I'o'i-v's Knelt, commemorating the
a f Hie Arctic nrchlpeliign In
Umiii t'n Mic tablet found by Captain
,.. .. ,.ri. ,he names of the ships
linv'-'fiod hv the explorers "II. M, S.
pe.ni'ite Henry Kellett, Ksq., C. B
II. M S V. Intrepid, F. L. McCllntock,
F.mi. '1111110. Wintered 18.r)2-18r3, S.
b'2 IC. (liu;). Door of Depot House
CHILDREN OFFERED AS BAIL
Pueblo Strikers Seek Rilestt of
Wlvss After Mayor Is
Beaten.
1'iicblit, Colo. Children in surely
for ball Is something new In Colorado.
Five women were annum those ar
rested here following j riot In which
Mayor Mike SludzlnsUI wnt knocked
down and severely beaten by striking
sleel workers. Iluihund of he wom
en hindo frantle attempt to obtain
their release on bond, mi) lux 'hey
needed Iho women to "keep the home
fires burning," and one man. who could
not raise Ihe f'-'iHI bond rcnulrcd, took
his Hire Utile children 'o ihe police
slntlon nnd offered to leave them In
custody ns surely for his wife's ap
pearance lu court. The offer was re
fused. I.nter the women were re
leased on n cash imud of tl.iiw given
by thn strike comiiiltlcc.
The rioting followed the attempt In
reopen the Mluncipiii steel mills, closed
since July. Austrian women stoned
the workers who tried to enter tho
plant.
HIGH HEELS CAUSE DEATH
Pittsburgh Woman Mangled by Ele
vator Afttr Her Shot Catchet
In Door.
Pittsburgh, Pa. High heeled hs
dragged Mrs. C. Stellli-r,ak'ed forty
two, to a slow death when she was
crushed beyond recognition between nn
elevator cage and I be shaft wall III tho
North Park a purl men tn. No. 20t Knst
North avenue, where she resided.
Mrs, Ktelller was hurrying through
the hall going to the elovntor when
John (illiHon, Hie elevator operator, In
formed her that he would carry her
up lifter he hud answered n telephone
rail. As Mrs. StclhVr stepped Into the
waiting cur her high heeled shoes
cnught between the elevator and the
floor. In nn effort tn extricate herself
she fell forward, grasping the rnble
of Iho cage which started slowly to de
scend to the busemeut, pinning her
between the steel cage and the wall.
RUSS REDS SELL CZAR'S GEMS
Lenlnt Government Trading In Hol
land Through Germany to
Avoid Blockade.
Amsterdam, Holland. The I.clilnn
government In Iliissln, bulked by tho
world fluniiclal blockade from sending
money abroad for propaganda pur
poses, now Is conducting nn extensive
traffic In confiscated Jewels through
(icriiinny to Holland markets, accord
ing to the lianilelslilnd, which coin-,
incuts on a charge that the com
munist member l.lsser of the Am
dterdatn council offered the Kusxlnn
emperor's diamonds for sale.
(with direction given), itemnl will
be found In house."
"Lleutennnt McCllntock," says Cap
tain llernler, who was commander of
tho Intrepid and second In command
to Captain Kellett, early showed his
grent activity by making sledge Jour
neys of a huzardous nature across
Melville Island from the locality In
which the Kesolute and Intrepid were
frozen In near Dealy Island. Tho
tracing mndo by McCllntock around
Iho shores of Melville Island and
Prince Patrick Island, on foot, added
ninny hundreds of miles fo the coast
surveyed under Hcleher nnd Kellett.
The cairns established by him be
tween ISM and lsr.l nre mentioned in
his reports wllh the papers found at
Dealy Island.
Built Half Century Ago.
It Is prnluibly one of these ealrmt
Hint was discovered by Stefansson
nnd built by McCllntock more than
hnlf n century ago.
Continuing, Captain llernler says of
McCllntock: "Ills suhseuuont career
In navigating the waters In Lady
Franklin's yacht Fox of Peel Round.
Itegent Inlet, Ilellot strait, King Wil
liam Island and nrouud Montreal is
land and Ilnothlu peninsula are well
known. Ills brilliant achievement
and discovery of dellnllo Infortunium
regarding the fate of Franklin point
to him ns tho most fortunate of all
voyagers who pursued ,the most re
markable search known In the his
tory of navigation,"
One of the documents left hy Mc
Cllntock In a copper lube and under a
pllo of rocks was found by Captain
llernler. Another wns found outsldo
of Kellett's depot, probably disturbed
from Its resting place by a polar
bear, for It bore the marks of tl0 paw
of nn animal of considerable size.
Much of the Informal Inn found In'
these documents was utilized by Cnn
laln llernler while cruising through
northern seas In the Arctic.
Enjoyed His Own Funeral.
Illllsboro, Pn. James II. Houser
seventy-five years of nge, Is nil ready
to die now. In fnct, ho has already
burled himself. Ilellevlng funernls
should be enjoyed while living, he has
had his staged here recently. Mnny
friends attended. They anng "Kenrer
My God, to Thee," nnd a lot of other
funeral songs nfter a minister deliv
ered Houser's burial servicer:. Houser
has prepared his own obituary The
ceremony wns held at a church and at
the Houser home.