(HOOK COCJTTT JOCBTTAt.
Winter in the Alps Is
Always White
New Process an Aid in Reducing
Sugar Shortage
BLACK LOCUST RECOMMENDED FOR W00DLOT
Black Locust Plantation, Trees Flva Years Old.
(Prepared br th United Btatca Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Block locust known alio a "yel
low" locust Is one of the most proflt
able and useful kind of timber for the
f ii nn. The wood It heavy, hard, end
particularly durable when used In the
ground: For use aa fence pouts, hliiek
locust la long-lived and very desirable.
Only one other wood glvea longer serv
Ice, namely, osuge orange or "bolt
Black Locutt Utilizing Rocky Placet
en Farm Are Indications of Oood
Farm Management
d'arc," which, however, nowhere oc
cur In abundance and la ao hnrd thut
It In dllllcult to drive staples Into It ex
cept when It Is green.
Locutt Grows Rapidly.
Block locutt grows rapidly and
yields good-sized fence potts at an ago
of from fourteen to twenty years, ac
cording to the forest service. A worn-
GOOD TOP DRESS FOR WHEAT I
Application of as Little as Two Tons
of Manure Par Acre May Increase
Yield Ten Bushels.
It pays a big proflt to top dress the
wheat with manure. An application
of as little as two tons per acre may
Increase the yield ten buuhels ; lit least
It hni done this much one year with
another In Indiana tests. Four tons
make only about two bushels more.
The manure benefits the wheat di
rectly through the plnntfood which It
contains, and Indirectly through the
winter protection, which often Is of
greater value. .Where manure Is used
as a top dressing the stund of clover
Is generally better. There Is nn or
ganic benefit from the manure which Is
considerable and la not so easily ex
plained. Where as much or more plant
food Is applied In tho form of com
mercial fertilizers the resulting yield
has not been as large.
CUT STRAW IS BEST BEDDING
Much of Liquid Manure, Now Wasted,
Can Be Saved by Use of Ef
fective Absorbents,
A great deal of the liquid manure
now going to waste can be saved by
the use of absorbents, such ns straw,
sawdust, muck and loam. Uncut
straw Ib a very valuable absorbent,
taking up two or three times Its weight
of water, while fine cut straw will ab
sorb six or nine times Its weight of
liquid. Moreover, oats straw contains
quite a large amount of plantfood, es
pecially potash.
BUYING SMALL FARM TOOLS
Time and Money Can Be Saved by
Making Purchase on One Order
Give Syttematlo Care.
(Prepared by tht United States Depart
- ment of Agriculture.)
If possible all small tools for the
farm should be purchased on one or
der, This will save time and, usually,
tnonoy. Also, It will entail a total ex
penditure sufficiently large to Impress
the farmer with the Importance of
giving systematic care to his small
tools.
?m ram
mmmnM
out field In middle Tennessee which,
20 year previously, had been planted
with one-year-old locutt seedlings,
yielded fence potts worth $188 an acre
on the atuuip, or $130 at the railroad
about two mllea distant This waa
grots return of $0.40 an acre yearly on
a hillside of fairly good soli which be
fore the tree were set out had started
to gully badly. Heturns of $3 to $7 an
acre annually have frequently been
mill ted on poor, thin hill land. Good
soils underlaid with limestone and
planted to black locutt In the Appala
chian and I'ledinont regions, from
Pennsylvania to Kentucky and Tennes
see, can be counted on to yield an av
erage of $10 an acre yearly at the end
of from 15 to 20 years.
The manufacture of Insulator pint
requires large amounts of black locust
for which purpose It Is the most satis
factory wood.
Starting Black Locust
In starting black locust, small
sprouts with a portion of the root may
bo dug up and used; or, better, the
teed may be sown In the spring In
drills In good soil, like onion seed. At
the end of the season the seedlings
will be from two to four feet In height
and satisfactory In else for setting out
Tlilt may be done In the late fall, but
the spring season, about the time
growth atnrts, Is preferable. In some
regions the locutt wood borer Is al
most certain to cause extensive dam
age to young plantations unless special
precautions ore taken to keep the
trees In healthy growing condition
and tlio bark shaded by foliage, either
from near-by trees, shrubs, or weeds.
Information on this Insect and methods
of Its control will be found In United
Htates Department of Agriculture Bul
letin 787, "Protection From the Locust
Ilorer."
Strange as It may appear, black
locutt, although one of the most dur
able woods when set In the ground,
matures early and deteriorates In the
tree rapidly If not cut when ripe. Com
nierclally the tree Is usually mature 1p
IS to 25 years.
FEEDING HAY AND ROUGHAGE
Handling and Hauling of Large Bulk'
May Be Saved by Giving Products
to Live Stock.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
In the marketing of hay and rough.
age there Is a large bulk to handle and
haul to the point of delivery. The
United States department of agrlcul
ture points out that this means much
extra lubor for the men and teams on
grain and crop farms, and much fer
tility Is taken off which might be re
turned to the fields If the products
were fed to live stock.
HOW WHEAT IS DISPOSED OF
One-Half of Crop of 1918 Sold by
Farmers In Three Months Be
ginning With July.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Wheat Is mostly marketed by farm.
era soon, or, at any rate, not long,
after the harvest. Of the crop of 1918,
more than one-half was sold by farm
ers In the three months beginning
with July, and 09.3 per cent In four
months. Thereafter the monthly
sales dwindled to 1.5 per cent of the
year's, total In June, 1919.
NICE INCOMES FROM POULTRY
Raising Chickens Has Many Attrac
tions for Those Who Enjoy Asso
ciation With Fowls.
Poultry raising, like raising live
stock In general, has many attractions
for those who enjoy the work. Men
and women often enjoy association
with animals and fowls. There are
women making nice Incomes from
poultry.
KILL GOPHERS IN ORCHARDS
Rodenta Delve Deep at Thla Time of
Year and 8ometlmet Nest Under
Cherry Trees.
Look out for gophers and get them
now. In well-drained orchards they
delve deep and nest under the root
crown of your best cherry-tree without
giving much evidence of It
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T A VMf-tt Mnair !nl
An Interesting picture from Switzerland, the land of perpetual snow, whers
the dearly loved sports of coasting, skiing and skating are winter delights
unexcelled. This photo was taken at Murren. It shows two merry par
ticipants In the sport, ready for a "go" on their contrivances, ridden somewhat
'like bicycle, except for the runners, which take the place of wheels.
The American
Model
Choctaw Indus Chosen by French
Sculptor for Statue of
"American Fighting Man"
A Choctaw Indian, Otis W. Leader
of Oklahoma, has been chosen by an
eminent French sculptor as model for
bis statue of "the American fighting
man." A brief resume of Leader's
service In France amply warrants his
designation as a "first-class fighting
man" and his unmixed American blood
Justifies his selection as a typical
American.
There can be no question of Amer
ica's pride In ber aborigines, says the
Cleveland Plain Dealer. The Indian,
who was cordially hated by the pi
oneers and shamefully despoiled and
exploited by the successors of the pi
oneers, has become in the present gen
eration a popular, honored and justly
respected citizen. He has proved his
merit Since the white man has ceased
to accelerate his deterioration the In
dian has ceased to be a "vanishing
race." lie has become an assertive
citizen, standing on his own feet and
making bis own way. And when
there was war the Indian of today
fought with ail the courage and grim
determination of his painted ancestors.
The French sculptor made a wise
choice when he selected Private lead
er as bis type specimen of the Amer
ican soldier. It Is a fitting tribute to
the red Americans who fought so vali
antly for white civilization and no
white American will begrudge the
honor.
470,034 Boy Scouts Raised
$354,180,687 in U. S. Bonds
The Boy Scouts of America has
grown to a total membership of
470,034 since Its organization nine
years ago, according to a report is
sued recently. Of this number, 14,896
are scout masters and 17,334 assist
ants, while of the 69,351 troop commit
teemen and local council members all
but 250 are unpaid . volunteers. The
scouts obtained 2,343,497 subscriptions
In the five Liberty loan campaigns,
amounting to $354,180,687, and war
savings stamps amounting to more
than $50,000,000. Nearly 100,000
scouts were awarded medals by the
treasury department for their work.
FACTS AND FANCIES
Originality Is nothing more
than doing something which so
far no one has thought , of try
ing to do.
There's nobody quite so busy
as the man who doesn't waut
to do something else.
If everybody did his best
there'd be more men at the top
and fewer at the middle or the
bottom of the ladder.
It takes only about three
weeks for a woman to learn to
hate the bonnet she fell In love
with at first sight
The Helm.
Our helm Is given np to a better
guidance than our own ; the course of
events Is quite too strong for any
helmsman, and our little wherry is
taken in tow by the ship of the great
Admiral which knows the way, and has
the force to draw men and states and
planets to their good. Emerson.
am
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'WW.
Asia Minor Skinless Fruit
Has Pit and Edible Kernel; -It
Is Both Nut and Peach
The connecting link -between the
sweet almond and the bitter kernel of
the peach pit Is found In the nut peach
of the Persian gulf and Tlgro-Eu-phrates
valley (nnzhapersika), sold In
many American cities by foreign fruit
importers. '.iThls combination of a
luscious fruit and choice nut In one la
unique with a single exception an am
ber colored plum of the Caspian re
gion which has an almond-like kernel,
The nut peach differs from the ordi
nary peach in that It has no skin; the
surface Is waxlike with beautiful red
tints which cause a striking resem
blance to a confection. Too. do not
peel it any more than yon would peel
a strawberry. It Is very fragrant
Darwin's theory, according to the
Scientific American, that the common
peach Is a descendant of the almond
finds substantiation in the nut peach,
though the scientist probably bad no
knowledge of the Intermediary fruit
The rough shell which incases the
ordinary bitter peach kernel has little
resemblance to the comparatively
smooth, light almond shell; but It Is
said that wily Levantine almond ex
porters sometimes adulterate their
almond shipments with peach stones,
the ridges of which have been worn
smooth by friction. The pit of the nut
peach resembles that of the common
peach. It Is large, rough, almost as
hard to crack as a black walnut and
is "free" that Is, It drops out when
the fruit Is halved.
Flower Fields of Thibet
Are Regular Paradise for
Bees, Birds and Students
Over great undulating slopes In
Thibet are spread whole fields of flow
ers. There are miles of purple and
blue monkshood, thousands of the
great yellow mountain poppy, and
everywhere bright patches of color. It
Is a regular paradise for bees, birds
and botanists. The general public
knows little of the region, and few
travelers even have had the time,
money, energy and courage which are
the necessary companions of one who
would reach the "roof of the world."
Specimens are collected and dried
In presses for botanists. The marshy
banks of streams are searched for
flowery gems, and smooth, grassy
slopes are scrutinized, every rocky
ledge being viewed with hopeful eye.
The specimens collected are given
or sold to botanical collections, and
the seeds to those who had subscribed
to the expedition, and In due course
the little strangers from far-off lands
begin to beautify our own gardens.
Deep Voices Require More
Force Than the Sopranos
Delicate scientific measurements
have proved that contralto, barytone,
and bass singers use far more force
than soprano and tenor singers need.
The explanation Is that the lower
tones leave a wider space between
the vocal cords and require more
vibration of the membranes, more air,
and much more force. It Is said that
that Is the reason a woman can out
talk a man. He has to use from
seven to sixteen times as much lung
power In uttering his deeper-toned
words.
Incubators 1,000 Years Old.
A book written more than 1,000
years ago mentions two breeds of poul
try still being raised In China,-while
Incubators now used are the same In
principle as those employed in Egypt
4,000 years ago.
:
The housewife may be experiencing continued difficulty In securing
sugar, but this commodity might have been more scarce and the price much
higher had not ice-cream manufacturers adopted a new process suggested
by the agricultural experiment station of the University of Illinois.
In the last year and a half vast majority of the makers of this semi
essential food have saved approximately 30 per cent of the amount of sugar
formerly used and effected this saving without decreasing output or lower
ing the quality of the product. Of course, there is no way telling just how
great a saving this particular work of the university has meant to the state'
and nation, but it has certainly been large, because it has enabled ice-cream
manufacturers who used the suggestion to maintain output from the time
the government cut their sugar rations to eighty per cent of the pre-war
amounts to the present time.
Here is the suggestion that was seat out by the university : It waa
found that cane or beet sugar could be inverted by the simple process of
heating in the presence of acid, the chemical reaction taking place result
ing in the same products being formed as are formed when sugar is taken
into the human body. And so 100 pound of sugar, 44 pounds of water
and 50 grama of powdered tartaric acid, mixed together and boiled from
thirty or thirty-five minutes in a steam pressure kettle or open candy ket
tle, produced 140 pounds of syrup. The resultant inverted sugar syrup waa
not unlike strained honey in appearance and taste. It contained 71.4 per
cent sugar, tasted considerably sweeter than sugar, did not crystallize, and
mixed readily with the ingredient of ice-cream. It could be used in the
same proportions as sugar the amount necessary for ten gallons of ice
cream being six and one-half to seven pounds.
So successful did the testa prove that manufacturers immediately
adopted it and are continuing to use it today. It was readily seen that by
using the method the sugar supply could literally be stretched, for with
only 71.4 per cent as much sugar used as formerly, the same degree of
sweetness was obtained. There was thus a saving of approximately 300,000
pounds out of every million pounds formerly used.
Money and
Value
More in Silver Coin Than
Appears on Face of k
The person who. doesn't know mnch
about monetary science finds certain"
facts which puzzle him. If he has
among his souvenirs, for Instance, a
perfectly good trade dollar, plainly
stamped "420 grains," be may find It
refused if be attempts to use it as
legal tender. It Is quoted In the coin
market at something less than half a
dollar. Yet he knows that an ounce
of silver, which contains only 480
grains, is worth on the market up
ward of $1.36. The silver in that coin,
then, has a market value of about
$1.20.
Or perhaps he gets "stuck" with a
coin of Canada, containing a less
abundant weight of silver, but prac
tically equal to United States coins
of the same denomination; It Is re
fused or he has to pass it at a dis
count Yet this also has more than
Its face value of sliver.
Silver that two years ago was
worth only 60 cents an ounce is to
day headed for $1.40 an ounce, appar
ently. Knowing' that when silver Is
at $1.30 or higher there is money In
melting any of our coins for the
metal, our financial powers are wor
ried. At any time they may wake
up to discover that silver currency
has disappeared from circulation.
There's more money In it than ap
pears on the face of It. Hartford
Times,
GETHSEMANE
In golden youth when seems the earth
A summerland of ilnglng mirth.
When souls are glad and hearts are light
And not a shadow lurka In sight.
We do not know It, but there lies.
Somewhere veiled under evening skies
A garden which we all must see
The garden ot Qethsemane.
Wits Joyous steps we go our ways.
Love lends a halo to our days;
Light sorrows sail tike clouds afar.
We laugh and say how strong we are.
We hurry on; and hurrying go
Close to the border land ot woe.
That waits for you, and waits for me
Forever watts Gethsemane.
Down shadowy lanes, across strange
streams.
Bridged over by our broken dreams.
Behind the misty caps of years,
Beyond the great salt fount of tears
The garden lies. Strive as you may.
You cannot miss it on your way
All paths that have been or shall be
Pass somewhere through Gethsemane.
All those who Journey, soon or late,"
Must pass within the garden gate,
Must kneel alone In darkness there,
And battle with some tierce despair.
God pity those who cannot say,
"Not mine but Thine," who only pray,
"Let this cup pass," and cannot see
The purpose of Gethsemane.
Ella Wheeler Wilcox.
The World's Population.
A conservative estimate, based on
rough estimates of the world's popula
tion, which even now are hardly more
than guesses, shows that there are
probably about as many people living
now as have died within the last 140
years.
Popular and Electoral Vote.
The number of electoral votes and
the popular vote for President Wilson
and Charles B. Hughes in the last elec
tion were: Popular vote: Wilson,
0,129,606; Hughes, 8,538521. Elector
al: Wilson, 277; Hughes, 254.
Mother's Cook Book
A pound of patience and self-control
With words of honey sweet
Endurance a quart and energy roll
In all you desire to eat.
When mixing a cake be not a machine.
And learn from lessons of sorrow-"hy-glene"
But study the why and the bow.
The effects of all you allow.
Mary C. Upturn.
Dishes to Tempt the Appetite.
Shape rich bread dough in sticks
similar to bread sticks. Place on a
buttered sheet, cover and let rise in
a warm place 15 minutes. Brush over
with the white of egg diluted with a .
tablespoonful of water. Sprinkle with
powdered sugar and chopped nnts.
Bake in a hot oven about ten minutes.
These are delicious served with coffee
or chocolate. They are called "flutes."
Baked Banana With Sultan Sauce.
Cook one-half cupful of sultana ral-'
sins in 1M cupfuls of boiling water
for 30 minutes. Mix well one-half cup
ful of sugar with two tesspoonfuls of
cornstarch, then stir Into the raisins
and water which should measure a
cupful. Boll six minutes, add one tea
spoonful each of lemon Juice and va
nilla. Serve poured around baked ba
nanas. Apple Souffle. '
Pare, core and stew four tart apples
In Just enough water to keep from
burning. Put through a sieve. To
one tablespoonful of butter in a sauce
pan add four tablespoonful s of corn
starch and one tablespoonful of flour,
one-fourth of a teaspoonful of salt,
four tablespoonfuls of cold water and
cook until clear. Add one cupful of
hot apple pulp, sweetened to taste and
one teaspoonful of lemon juice. Re
move from the fire and add three well
beaten egg yolks, then cut and fold
In the whites beaten stiff. Pour Into
a well-buttered baking dish and bake
until puffed and delicately brown.
Blanquette of Chicken.
Make one cupful of cream sauce, put
it in a double boiler and add one pint
of cooked chicken cut in bits and one
tablespoonful of minced parsley. When
hot beat the yolks of two eggs, add two
tablespoonfuls of milk and stir Into the
chicken. Serve in a rloe or potato
border.
Home-Made Breakfast Food.
Take three-fourths cupful each of
graham and wheat flour, mix well, add
salt and water and cook as usual to
a thick mush. Serve with cream and
sugar.
Legion Posts Throughout
Country More Than 6,500
American Legion posts in the Uni
ted States and foreign countries now
total 6,561, It was recently announced
at national headquarters In Indianap
olis. France, England and Canada
each have oue post, Alaska has four
posts, Hawaii five, Cuba one, Panama
one, Mexico one and the Philippine
Islands one. Ten states have more
than 200 posts tach. New York leads
the states with 777 posts; Pennsylva
nia Is second with 407, and Illinois is
third with 369 posts. Iowa has 845
local organizations, Ohio has 29S, Mas
sachusetts 238, New Jersey 224, Mis
souri 220 and Indiana 203.
Early Playing Cards,
In early playing cards swords took
the place of "spades" and representa
tions of coins were the equivalent ot
"diamonds."