PAGE 6
CROOK COUNTY JOURNAL
ROUMANIAN ARMIES
REPORTEDDESTROYED
Transylvania, With Some Ex
ceptions, Declared Clear
of Invaders.
Berlin, by wireless to Sayville.
"The Roumanian second army in Its
retreat In Transylvania lost approxi
mately two divisions." says the Over
seas News agency. "The Roumanian
first army and the larger part of the
econd army have been virtually anni
hilated. "When the successful attack was
made on the first army at Hermann
tadt by the Austro-German troops the
Roumanians planned to send the sec
ond army to its assistance. This plan
was learned from reports of aviators.
The second army advanced too far to
the west and was forced to retreat in
haste. Its retreat became a panicky
flight. Captured officers say the army
was completely disorganized. H
would have been annihilated if Rou
manian forces had not been hurried
In through the Torsburger and Fredeal
passes.
"The Roumanian leaders lost their
surety of direction. Brigades and reg
iments In desperation were moved
hastily forward and back on railroads
and even on carts. Only pitiful frag
ments of the army could be rescued
from Transylvania.
"Transylvania today is clear of the
Roumanians, except for small sections
near the border."
ALLIES CONTINUE
DRIVE ON SOMME
London. On the Somme front in
northern France the entente forces
are keeping up their unrelenting drive.
The French, after having checked
' the German counter attacks on the po
sitions won in their "pocketing" at
tempts around Chaulnes, south of the
Somme, resumed the offensive north
of the river. According to Paris they
succeeded in penetrating German po
sitions at Sailly-Saillisel, pushing up
to the edge of the Bapaume road.
The British recently have been ad
rancing in the vicinity of the Stuff
redoubt and the Schwaben redoubt in
the Thiepval region on their northerly
flank.
U-BOAT OPERATIONS UPHELD
News Bureau Statement Says No
"Blockade of Ports" is Constituted.
Berlin, by wireless to Sayville. The
right of German submarines to oper
ate off the American coast so long as
American territorial rights are re
spected and 'pledges to the United
States kept, was upheld in an authori
tative statement Issued through the
semi-official news agency.
It was denied that such operations
constituted a "blockade," and it was
further stated that no sensible Ameri
can citizen will believe that a secret
ftepot for supplying German subma
rines could be established on the
American coast.
It was pointed out that English
cruisers "approach the coast of New
Tork so closely that they can be seen
from the roofs of tall buildings with
the naked eye."
Loan Promoters Curbed.
Washington. Attempts of promot
ers in the west to make personal prof
it out of the organization of joint stock
'land banks under the federal farm
loan bank system, resulted in a sug
gestion to the department ol iuetice
j the farm loan board that federal
prosecutions be brought.
Members of the board explained
that attempts to promote organization
of banks for commissions has become
a scandal in the west.
Husband Kills Man Who Annoys Wife
Klamath Falls, Or. Charles Hobbs,
a homesteader living near the Algoma
Lumber company's plant, 12 miles
north of here, shot and killed Ed Ways
with a shotgun. Hobbs gave himself
up to the sheriff here. The shooting
took place in Hobbs' dooryard, and re
sulted from Ways' attempting to force
his attentions upon Mrs. Hobbs and
threatening her if she told her hus
band, it is said.
Mine Sells for $50,000.
Baker, Or. One of the big mine
deals of the year was announced in
the sale of the Tempest mine, In the
Greenhorn district, formerly the prop
erty of Millard Bennett and E. E. Ben
nett, of this city, and of others in the
east, to Florence Naylor Doty, of Den
ver. The price agreed on is $50,000.
No Change In Chinese Railroad Plans.
St. Paul. No change In the plans
of Sietns-Carey company is expected
to follow news of the Japanese-Russian
protest against the concessions
of the company for railroad construc
tion In China, It was said at its offices
here.
GEN. VON FALKENHAYN
(4 -. - .' mi. Hum WLdSST
' General Von Falkenhayn, former
German Chief of Staff, who forced
back the Roumanians in Transylvania.
BRIEF WAR NEWS
Norman Prince, the American avla
tor who was wounded recently in
France, has died of his injuries.
On the Carso the Italians have ad
vanced slightly and gained some add I
tional ground from the Austrians.
After a fortnight of reverses In
Transylvania, the Roumanian army
has suddenly resumed the offensive,
throwing back the Teutons at several
places along the frontier.
Berlin admits that the British north
of Thiepval gained a firm hold on the
German trenches and that the French
south of the Somme have won a foot
ing in the sugar refinery at Geuer
mont.
Vice-Admlral Dartige Du Fournet,
commander of the Anglo-French fleet
in the Mediterranean, has presented
an ultimatum to Greece demanding
that Greece hand over the entire
Greek fleet to the allies.
Russian and German forces engaged
In a violent battle on the Stockhod
river in Volhynia, 'Says the German
official statement Russian infantry
attacks, according to the announce
ment, were checked and repulsed.
An air raid carried out by 40 French
and British machines on the Mauser
works at Oberndorf, Germany, during
which four tons of explosives were
dropped and six German machines
shot down as they attempted to de
fend the works, is announced by Paris.
SHORT NEWS NUGGETS
Thomas Mott Osborne has resigned
as warden of Sing Sing.
Ex-King Otto, of Bavaria, who has
been Insane for many years, died sud
denly, according to a Copenhagen dis
patch. There Is no immediate prospect for
state troops on border duty to return
home, other than organizations al
ready under orders, General Funston
states.
Henry Miller, one of California's
notable men, who rose from butcher's
boy to be known as the cattle king of
the west, and founder of the famous
Miller & Lux properties, died in San
Francisco ill his 90th year.
Rev. Irl R. Hicks, astronomer and
"long-distance" weather forecaster
and publisher, died In St. Louis from
pneumonia. He was 71 years old. He
is said to have amassed a fortune
through the publication of Hicks' Al
manac. The special session of the Wiscon
sin legislature adjourned after Gover
nor Phillip had signed bills giving sol
diers on the border the right to vote
by mall. Citizens away from home
election day also have the right to
vote by mall.
More general use of potatoes In mak
ing bread is recommended by the bak
ing specialists of the department ot
agriculture. Bread containing boiled
and mashed potatoes was found, dur
ing experiments just concluded, to be
just at nutritious as wheat bread and
to have the quality of remaining fresh
longer.
Wholesale Prices on Shoes Jump.
Pittsburg. f Wholesale prices on
men's and women's footwear have
been advanced 60 to 75 cents a pair
within the last few days and certain
lines have been withdrawn entirely
from the market owing 'to a shortage
in leather.
Canadian Wheat Shortage Is Marked.
Ottawa, Ont The wheat crop of
Canada for the present year will be
only 159,123,000 bushels, as compared
with 376,303,600 bushels in 1915, an
official estimate states.
Chinese Railroad Grants Protested.
PeUin. Japan and Russia entered
protests against concessions for rail
way and canal construction in China,
which have been granted to Ameri
cans.
ALLIES REJECT U. S.
MAIL SEIZURE CLAIMS
Reply in Effect Admits Immun
ity in Principle But Denies
in Practice.
Washington. -The reply of France
and Great Britain to the American de
mands respecting Anglo-French inter
ference with American, mails on the
high seaa and the unlawful diversion
of mall ships into British ports. Is an
undisguised rejection ot all the state
department's contentions.
The note in effect admits In princi
ple, but denies in practice, the immun
ity of mail, which is recognized in in
ternational law. Great Britain aud
France assert they have the right tq
inspect American mulls while seeking
both contraband and enemy corres
pondence. The two allied governments claim
the right to divert neutral mall ships
from their courses and take them Into
allied ports for the purpose of Inspect
ing, censoring or confiscating mall
matter.
The American position Is that Great
Britain has no right forcibly to take
neutral vessels Into British porta ex
cept with the permission of the gov
ernment whose flag the ships fly.
The only concessions the British
and French governments make are
contained in the following passage
from their notty
"As regards shipping documents and
correspondence found on neutral ves
sels, even in an allied port, and of
fering no Interest of consequence af
fecting the war, the allied govern
ments have instructed their authori
ties not to stop them but to see that
they are forwarded with as little delay
as possible."
Promise of financial compensation
for Injuries suffered by Americans by
reason of the unlawful operation ot
the censorship is contained in the con
cluding paragraph of the note.
CASE IS NOT YET SETTLED
Washington Not Satisfied With Note
Concerning Mail Interference.
Washington Examination of the
allies' note on the censorship of mails
has brought a feeling among officials
that it does not satisfactorily meet
the protests set forth In the Amerl-1
can note of May 24, which said that
onlv a radical chanee. remortn to
the United States iu full rights as a!of San Francisco are soon to be
neutral power, will satisfy this gov-j built- by this process. Farther
ernmenL" i n01"th we come to the Big Meadows
All the information reaching the' de-1
partment is understood to indicate I
that the allies have determined to I
maintain their firmest attitude on the j
subject, feeling that absolute vital in- i
terests are involved. Officials are
said to feel therefore, that any further
step by the United States might bring
the controversy to a much more criti
cal stage.
ARMY ON BORDER
IS STILL NEEDED
i had been wasted in an effort to
t u xt r , . ... ; build thcSmasonry dam." The ge
Long Branch, N. J. President Wll-1 , , , . ' ... , : 6
son, In reply to a letter from Governor I
, . xt v , . j .
v w ... . ,J , i
thai Mots Vnrlr militia nn tha irAa '
declared that the emergency which i
caused the sending ot the militia to 1
the Mexican border "unhappily still i
exists." He added, however, that he
believed conditions in northern Mexi
co are improving and that "In the near
future" It probably will be possible to
do more than has been done to re
lieve the embarrassments under which
organized militia regiments have ne
cessarily suffered."
The president In his letter declared
he had been advised by the war depart
ment that a withdrawal of the militia
at any time since they were sent to
the border "would In all human likeli
hood have been followed by fresh ag-
gressions from Mexico upon the lives ;
nuu yiwyciiy ui two ycuyitj ui lut)
United States."
In bis letter the president paid a
high tribute to the character of the
militiamen on the border and denied
that any organizations were being kept
there to perfect their military train
ing. American Greeks Asked to Join.
New York. More than 300,000
Greeks in the United States have been
Invited to Join the Venlzelos party In
America, which was organized at a
meeting of 3000 natives of Greece
here. This Is the first of a series of
meetings to be held in the principal
cities of the United States. The pres
ent Greek government was condemned
and pledges of allegiance to Venlzelos
were given.
10 Killed, 11 Hurt, In Train Collision.
Elwood, Neb. Ten men were killed,
fatally crushed, and 11 others serious
ly injured when a train on the Bur
lington railroad crashed into the
freight caboose in which these were
riding, 12 mileii e;ist of here,
OREGON NEWS NOTES
OF GENERAL INTEREST
Important Occurrences of Past
Week Briefly Compiled for
Our Readers.
Eleven cases of Infantile paralysis
are now reported In Portland.
Infantile paralysis has appeared at
Beavcrton, one case being reported.
A school Industrial rulr la to be
hvld in Ilarrlsburg October 20 ami 21.
The Sllverton lumber mill has clos
ed indefinitely, due to the car short-
Mrs. Victoria C. Schroder has been
appointed postmaster- at Rolytit, Crook
county.
Tho name of the postofflce at
Oceanvlew has been changed to
Yachuts.
Continued from page 1.
Hydraulic fill dams have now
i i ..
Become standard una their con
struction is morc widely applied to
day than during- any time since
their first inception. A notable ex
ample of this type is the (Treat
Gatun dam built in connection with
it., n . rt i mi
me ranama uinai. lnia dam was
built upon an acknowledged bad
foundation, and it has been stated
upon good authority -that no other
type of dam could have been built
on this. situ. Nearer at home are
the great dams constructed and
still in the process of construction
for the Los Angeles Aquaduct.
Farther north we come across ti e
dam now being constructed for the
South San Juaquin Irrigation Dis
trict. Farther north we comes to
the great Calaveras dam which has
been building for the Dast three
years and will ultimately have a
height of 240 feet and contain
within its mass over three million
cubic yards. Certainly here is an
instance where the confidence in
i hydraulic fill dams has been fullv
j exemplified. This dam is the pro-
, perty of the hprmg V alley Water
! Company, an old and conservative
company which has supplied San
rrancisco witn water tor many
years. Other dams in the vicinity
dam of the Great Western Power
tympany. This dam as recently
completed forms a lake of 16,000
acres water surface. I may say
lnal nere 18 Boomer instance wnere
it is acknowledged that no other
type of dam could have been built.
Prior to the building of this dam
some $840,000.00 had been expend
ed in an attempt to build a mason-
! ry dam at the same location, but
abandoned. After this a site was
selected . immediately up-stream
from the partially built masonry
dam and a hydraulic dam entirely
built for half of the money which
.. j , "
tioned dam site was somewhat sim-
to that for the proposed Ochoco
r r
northern California, Oregon, Wash
ington and Idaho, some 200,000
square miles covered with lava.
Most of this area is arid and must
have reservoirs for its development.
The experience at the Big Meadows
dam site proves, because of its lava
formation, the peculiar appli
cability of the hydraulic fill process
over this great area of territory.
The hydraulic fill dam may be
best understood as being composed
of three damp, one in the center,
j one above and one below the center,
reclining upon the center struc-
ture. The office of the center dam
is water tightness. The two outer
reclining against it, are for
stability
In selecting materials for the
dam we seek for 'an earth, sand,
gravel and rock mixture. This
material is placed on the up-stream
and downstream faces of the dam,
either by water carriage or me
chanical means. Once deposited
on these faces, it is washed by a
(low of' water in such a way that
the . coarse material, such as rock
and gravel, remain on the upper
and lower faces of the dam and the
fine material, such as sand and clay,
are washed and floated toward the
center and deposited in a pool of
water. During the entire time of
construction the top of the dam is
in the form of a pond with water
in the center reaching from end
to end and with gravel and lock
forming the up and down stream
edges. While building, these up
and down stream thirds of the
dam, so to speak, are rigid but
porous. The center part is in "he
form of a thin mud, but as drainage
goes on this center gradually wettles
and the water it contains is
squeezed out by the weight of the
entire structure until i passes ft om
almost n fluid state to a tough,
elastic condition, after which the
'entire structure is dressed off and
retuly for use. The elastic 0ndi
tion of the center or puddle core, is
one of its essential features and
prepares the dam for violent earth
quake shocks without injury,
The Spring Valley Water Com
pany, of Sun Francisco, has two
great earth dams, one of which was
actually broken in two by the great
earthquake of 190(5 and although
the reservoir above it was prac
tically full of water at the time,
tho elasticity of the puddle core
sealed the break before water could
pass through the dam and thus,
these earth dams, although prac
tically on a line with the great
earthquake fault, escaped without
injury. Probably it is the, record
made by these dams during that
great disaster which has lend to
their general adoption since. The
Spring Valley darns thus tested,
were not strictly hydraulic (ill
dam, but were their crude pre-;
decessors and without many of the !
refinements in construction which
guarantee the safety of the newer
typo known as the hydraulic (111
dam. It seems fortunate that an
inexpensive, safe type of dam con
struction has come into existence,
for no community can prospc, un
less peculiarly situated, if it has
the interest to pay on a masonry
dam.
One other Rood feature of the
hydraulic fill dam is its improve
ment with Hire. Nature seems to
want to assist the engineer who has
such a dam to build. If the
country is more or less porous
about the dam site, nature in a
short time seals these pores.
This finds its commonst illustra
tion in the filter bed for filtering
water eupplies of cities. These are
especially arranged to be porous
yet without constant cleaning they
become water tight in a short time.
Another instance of nature's efforts
-..-l ;.. k ii i i
iu wai, id ill uir wen nnown gravel
pit. When gravel is excavafd and
a depression is left the bottom of
this depression is usually porous,
and will drain, but if one returns;
to it a few months later he finds!
th-re a pond. In this case the rain ooi-rrooi uonsirucuun -from
the adjoining hillside carries' Gun Barrel Cylinder Bore
enough silt to make the depression
watir tight.
As for the needs of the Ochoco !
Irrigation District, the hydraulic
fill dam is, in my opinion, the only
thing feasible. On the slopes
about the dam site is an ample sup
ply of ideal material with which to
build the dam, ranging from the
finest earth and clay through
various grades of sand, gravel, and
fragments of rock all of which
when segregated and placed in
their proper position in the dam,
will make a water tight, stable i
structure. The dam site itself
presents no serious difficulties. It
is underlaid by a bed of gravel
through which a puddle trench will I
be cut ioininif tho water tiirht !
center of the dam, with a layer of
clay some thirty feet in thickness
urh!K iirtflok1 !ia f lii IniMoiln nml i
tv iiitii uina i i ii d hkt aiuni t,u aim ' &
apparently the entire reservoir.011 "P-
reservoir ,
site. If any porosity exists it is
i t l t ,i t mi
to De iouna along tne margin or
the reservoir site and this is over
laid by material having a degree of
fineness which will, in my opinion,
soon become absolutely water tight.
Similar conditions to what we find
here, we found at the Big Meadows
reservoir, above described, but dur
ing its three years of use we have
experienced no trouble from this
source, and both rescroir and dam
are entirely water tight.
While writing I have before me
detailed drawings of your Ochoco
Dam dated. September 21, 1916, and
signed by R. W. Rea, Project Engi
neer. I can thoroughly recommend
these plans as having been carefully
drawn and designed with consider
able ingenuity to meet the condi
tions you have at the dam site.
Some further excavation of test
pits might indicate a condition'
which would enable a spillway to be:
cut in a Eomewhat different man-;
ner in the hope of effecting certain '
savings. In fact, not only in the
design, but in the ultimate manage-,
ment of the work there is always
an opportunity for saving which
the wide range in the cost of such
structures, as have been completed, j
illustrates. The lay of the various,
beds of material for use in the con
struction of the dam suggests that)
additional profitable study could bo
made with the hope of securing on i
a larger scale a combination of ex
cavation for spillway and use of
the same, material in the dam. 1
But whether or not such a possi-:
bility works any great economies, !
the design of the dam structure as
it stands today, commends itself as
entirely suitable for its purpose.
After securing a good deign it is
only a matter of wpplying methods
of handling material by which safe
and economical results are fully ob
tained. Yours truly,
J. M. Howells. I
ANNOUNCEMENT
The Latest
In
fall
Millinery
may now he trrn at my Milllnary
Parlor, corner Sucond and Main.
Call and them. Pric right
MRS. ESTES'
MILLINERY PARLORS
Prineville, Oregon
tfs Hsrel
Come In
and See It!
PAHM r l I I ll r
1 Ffl KM fc N G I i fc
Economical Simole
Lj M Weight -Substantial
, ti .
Leak-proof Compression.
$TO 50
Vi H. P.
on skids with
BUILT-IN
MAGNETO
3 H. P. -$66. 6 H. P. $119
All F.O.B. Factory
M More Than Rated Power
and a Wonder at the Price
Add for prineville Delivery:
'on 1 1.2 ho $ Q Oft
.... 15.00
on 6 ho
"
25.00
T. J. MINGER
Prineville Dealer
The Oregonian
Is handled exclusively in
Prineville by
H. R. LAKIN
Delivered at your door the
. same day as published for
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Daily 50c. Daily a,nd
Sunday 65c
Why be without the news
when we deliver it promptly
to your door anywhere in the
city for 2 cenls a day
Mrs. Estes & Son
Local Agent
Modern Shoe v
Repair Shop
W. H. SIMON, Prop.
Shoes repaired whiU you v.ait
All work guaranteed
Pricea reaionabla
Located in Morris Bldg.
The NEW "l77n
Fairbanks
Morse '
i