Farm and
Garden
FARM MANAGEMENT.
Agriculture Should Be Handled
the Merchant Handle a Store.
By ANDREW BOSS,
Chief of agronomy and farm management,
Minnesota agricultural experiment na
tion.
Farm manngomeut. in its best inter
pretation, means the application of
progressive, scion U lie mid buslnesa
principles to the business of farming.
The farm manager holds the same
relation to the farm and its business
ts does the business mnuager of the
store or other business enterprise that
Is, he is the one responsible for tbe
success or failure of tbe enterprise
from the financial point of view; there
fore he must know every detail ot
rop growth, of cost of production, of
marketing, of operating and of "all
business transactions performed in con
ection with the farm.
Farming is a business, and the one
who can grow the largest crops of
the best quality and at tbe same time
produce them at the lowest cost sell
them at the highest price and make tbe
best Investment of the money received
should rank as the best manager.
While farming has not commonly been
regarded as a business, the fact re
sains that the successful financial
operation of a farm presents even a
more complex problem and Involves at
least as much business ability and tact
as are required In operating a store.
A farmer must bave a knowledge ot
tbe elements of soil fertility, of the
'principles of the movement of soil wa
ter, of soil bacteria and their action, ot
SCENE OS A BADLY MANAGED FARM.
plant growth, of varieties and species j
f plants, of the effect of one crop on '
the crop following and of the enre of j
the seeds and forage. He must also
understand animals and how to feed '
and care for them, and in addition he '
aiust know how to buy and sell to ad- j
vantage, to make contrac ts, plan his '
ui!dings and farm so as to economize !
labor and distribute it to advantage.
The farm manager who would sue- i
eessfully conduct his business may
jroflt by the example of the merchant
The merchant takes an inventory of
ais stock, considers the demand for his
ffoods, both present and prospective;
aotes the supply and cost of each arti
tle of commerce, the labor required to
perate bis business and any other
items of expense that may be legiti
mate to the business, regulating bir
purchases and prices accordingly.
The farm manager should likewise
take an Inventory of his capital stock
and, equipment He should consider
a fertility of the soil and tbe de
mands that will be made upon it by
the crops grown, the sources from
'which fertility may be renewed and at
what cost; he must study tbe markets
and demands for the various crops and
Vie possibility of handling tbeni at a
profit, the cost of producing each of tbt
Crops and the probable net profit that
rxU be returned; tbe labor supply, the
interest on Investment and similar ex
penditures which must be made that
affect the final result. Large farms
may likewise be organized into depart
ment? and accounts kept with the
tows, tbe pigs, tbe grain crops, tbe
garden and similar enterprises. The
business statement at tbe end of the
year will then show which lines bave
Been most profitable and will enable
the manager to drop out those that are
unprofitable.
i
TTMELY POULTRY NOTES.
Cabbages, beets and mangels make
ideal greens for bens during tbe win
ter. Small potatoes and specked ap
ples are also relished, particularly
when tbe fowls are confined to theii
Indoor quarters.
T keep tbe bens healthy provide a
dry floor, plenty of dry litter, plenty
f dry air and no draft; keep the
house clean, feed well, water regular
ly and provide a constant supply of
artinciai grit, oyster snciis. crucKeu
tone and charcoal.
Hens should be dusted with insect
powder occasionally, but tbe presence
of a good dust bath w'.ll make these
necessary -occasions far fewer. Mix
about one pound of powdered sulphur
with each buishel of dust for the best
results. A. C. Smith, Poullryman,
University Farm, St. Paul.
I '" i - :;
! . . ' ' ' V i.
I .
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' SCENE OS A BADLY MANAGED FARM.
ONE CAUSE OF WASTE.
It is stated on good authority
that the annual loss to the apple
industry of the country by the
codling motb alone amounts to
over $12,000,000. Tbe annual loss
to our truck growers from Insect
posts amounts to about 20 per
cent of the crop, but by Judi
cious methods of control this
might be reduced to 6 per cent
This shows the need of up to
date methods to reduce the high
cost of living.-B. P. Hitching.
Experiment Station. Oro-no, Me.
CORN SILAGE PAYS WELL
Experiments Prove Its Great Worth as
a Feed For Stock.
The South Carolina experiment sta
tion recently published a bulletin by
Archibald Smith giving the results of
tests to ascertain the value of different
kinds of forage crops fed with cotton
sood meal. The uinin findings are ot
especial value to the farmers of the
south and of great value to farmers In
any section of the country. The bulle
tin demonstrates anew the economy
of corn silage as beef producing feed.
In this test silage, corn stover and
cottouseed bulls were compared. The
test demonstrated:
That corn silage gave by far the
best returns not only In economic pro
duction of beef, but also In the quality
of beef and the shape In which It
reached the market
That silage fed steers produced beef
from IS to 20 per cent cheaper than the
other feeds.
That silage fed beef lost less In ship
ping to market This Is a test which
some shippers have disputed In the
past declaring silage fed beef lost se
verely In the shipping process.
That the silage fed group produced
gains that would warrant a value on
the silage of $6.80 per ton this earn
ing on a very poor market as the steers
sold for only $3.60 per hundred. Had
they been sold on a good market the
gain might bave been Increased 20 per
cent
That with a coot of $2 per ton for the
production of corn silage a fair aver
age good corn should be made to earn
from $t to $70 per acre.
WHEN TO CUTY0UR HAY.
Some Pointers For Growers of Tim
othy and Clover to Bear In Mind.
Timothy may be cut In the forenoon
as soon as the dew Is off and raked
Into windrows Immediately after din
ner If the weather ts dry and clear.
Any hay preserves best Its color, aro
ma and palatabllity by being shocked
or placed in the stack In the greenest
possible condition without being so
green that beating or molding will oc
cur. If the timothy is very heavy and is
exposed to dew or a light shower be
fore it Is raked it will frequently be
necessary to use the tedder in order to
shape it up thoroughly and get rid of
moisture.
Except in the case of small fields un
der conditions which would not Justify
an outlay for machinery, there is very
little of the hay crop which goes into
the old time shock. This Is undoubted
ly a very satisfactory way of curing
hity in its best condition, especially if
protected by a shock cover, but where
large amounts are to be handled it is
better economy to place It in a mow
or stack it directly from the windrow.
Clover Is best cut when it ts in full
nlooin, but it Is better to cut it earlier
than this rather than later. If cutting
Is delayed until some of the clover
blossoms mature and turn dark there
Is likely to be a heavy loss of foliage
and a consequent deterioration In feed
ing value. Orange Judd Farmer.
Economy Bean Harvester.
To make a bean harvester that will
do good work and yet Involve scarcely
any expense take a common hoe to the
blacksmith. Have
shank cut In two
and take a piece of
steel of the same di-
a meter and have a
piece about ten
inches long welded
In. This Is to keep
the handle from
striking the beans
and shelling them. Have the hoe
sharp and cut Just at top of ground,
putting two rows into one when chop
ped off.
You can chop them nearly as fast as
you can walk, and when the beans are
dry take a common pitchfork and load
on to a wngon. In this way much hard
labor Is saved with but little expense.
Farm and Fireside.
Test Cowi and Farmers Too
One of the best effects of the cow
testing associations is on tbe farmer
hlmsclt- One of the men who look
after the cow testing associations said
to us once that he had repeatedly no
ticed that that farmer was a "gone
case" who could not be aroused to bet
ter thinking and management by the
work of the test. Too many farmers
expect tbe cows to change for tbe bet
ter without doing anything in that di
rection themselves. Hoard's Dairy
man. Give the Lambkins a Chance.
Lambs frequently experience a diffi
culty In finding the teats owing to the
long wool surrounding the, udder, and
It Is very important that the shepherd
examine every ewe and use tbe shears
to cut away nny surplus wool. This
will enable the lambs to feed with
greater ease, and they are less apt to
become victims of wool balls in the
stomach, which frequently cause death.
- American Agriculturist.
Be Careful About
Cutting Wood
Continued Irom first page.
and to have them settled upon.
The only person who can cut and
aetl wood from these lands is the
Carey Act settler who is clearing
the land, who is allowed to soil
what he can not use, or the develop
ing corporation, who may sell what
they cut when clearing lands for
prospective settlers. No other per
son can take wood for his own use
from such lands any more than he
could from a homestead entry out
side the Carey Act segregation, or
from some privately owned land.
The practice of taking wood
from Carey Act lands has been
quite common in the past, but it
was in violation of law, and it de
volves upon me to report any such
trespass to the Commissioner of the
General Land Office at Washington
that action In the courts may be
instituted against the trespasser.
A circular of instructions for those
wishing to get wood from the
vacant public domain may be ob
tained by writing to the local land
office at The Dalles, Oregon, for
Circular 223, which gives both the
law and the regulations thereunder.
As this department does not wish
to work any hardship upon any
settler I advise everyone to fully
acquaint themselves with these
regulations before attempting to
get any wood or timber from un
patented lands of any kind.
Louis L. Sharp,
kChief of Field Division. 310 Cus
tom House, Portland, Oregon.
A Handy Harness Box.
The next time a new set of harness
Is bought take a box and Dt it with
doors so that it may be closed tight
Hang the harness in this when It is
not In use. It Is a surprise how long
It will look neat and stay In good shape
THIS BOX WII.l PBK8KKV THB HARNESS.
when cared for In this manner. A box
2 by 3 by 4 feet high ts a good size.
Screw harness hooks will make good
hangers. A little box may be attached
to the inside of the door for holding
combs, brush, etc.
Plowing In Winter.
There Is a diversity of opinion as to
the advisability of plowing in winter.
It is generally conceded, however,
that sod lands should be plowed In the
winter season. The freezing nnd thaw
ing of the soli put it in much better
condition than It can be put by tbe
plow and barrow after tbe spring bas
opened.
Winter plowing also destroys many
insects that would damage crops If
they were allowed to live.
There will be much more moisture
laid up in tbe soli and saved for the
use of the growing crop the next year
If the plowing Is done during the win
ter season than there would be if it
were left until spring.
The capillary connection wltb the
subsoil will bave time to be renewed if
tbe plowing is done early.
n taxes two pints to make a qnart;
but on the other band, you can get a
peck of trouble out ot a half a pint
If yon are unable to see any good In
your neighbor try anointing your eyei
with a little milk of human kindness.
Ice cream will be dear next summer.
We congratulate those who have no
other thing to worry about ot thli
time.
Even though America leads tbe world
In tbe number of automobiles, tbe man
hit by an automobile scorcher feels no
enthusiasm.
Garden Hose and Sprinklers,
Garden Tools of all kinds. J. E.
Stewart & Co.
For Sale or Trade
Lipplncott Soda Fountain for any
thing of value. 16 syrups Onyx,
large mirror, electric lighted, fixtures
solid oak. J. Fkank Hwnnino, Kcho,
Oregon. 5 14-2t
Jersey Cows for Sale
Anything from calves to milking
cows. All young stock of lilirli
(trade. Trices reasonable. Thoim or
addrasB, L. il. Lafollette, Prlnevllle,
mm
mm 1
Oregon. -&
Baled Hay for Sale
Baled bay 80c per 100. S. J. New
mom, Prlucvllle, Ore. 4-yO Imp
irtofosstcaal Cards
Dr. Howard Cove Dr. N. Morriaon
DENTISTS
Crook County Bank Building
Bennett, Sinnott & Galloway
AUorneys-at-Law
General Practice
Thk Daliks, Okk,
N. G. WALLACE
t
Attorney-at-Law
Rooms 3-4-5 Kamitra Bid 'j
Prineville, Or
J. B. Bell A. W. Slum
Crook County Abstract Co.
(lno) SucooMon to '
The J. H. Ufttier Abstract Co,
i'rlnovlllo, Oregon
Abstract Insurance
Prof. A. W. Grater,
Divine Healer
Office In Morris Building three doors
eon tn oi Journal ottlce.
Prineville, Oregon
J. Tregelles box
M. R. C. 8. Kng; and I.. 8. A. London;
Licence Oregon Mate Medical Board,
NpeciallKt In Surgery; Hygiene; Ali
mentary (.'anal, women and children1!
diwaaea. eta.
omn and rmldrnne Third atreet near Court
Uoam, Tel.: tMoneer. Call answered
promptly, nlalit or ly. Charge! moderate
OCCUUHTS
Belknap d wards
(County Physician.)
Vev', OrfK
T. E. J. DUFFY
Attorne-at-Lavr
(Hueeeuor to W. A. Bell)
Pkinkviu.1 ... Ohkooh
C. 32ri
jfttrnf.mt-jC mm
S?af Cttat,
Cornett Bulldlug, Boom 6
PrimtuJII; - 0rftn
D. H. PEOPLES
Civil and Irrigation Engineer
Koom 11 Ailamson Itld'g
Pnneville, Ore.
04
C. 0
CiLU APIWCKIB r0tTI.V DAT O NlOHl
OFFICIOS! l)OOB HOPTH OF ADteaON'l
Uace Stor!. Bmta ufnee an re).
dt'noe Ivlepbouee.
PrinfilU. . . Cr,ffO
W. A. HELL
Lawyer
The Dullc
Oregon
?, Clliott,
j(ttmrnaw-mt-Cmw
ffri milt, Ortaom.
. Sdrimk
Xawyr
Willard II. Wirtz
District Attorney
0 fllce in Crook County Bank Bldg.
'KI.NEVIM.K OltKQON
IA A r Lodge meets everyTues
. u. u. r. day iht.
Strangers welcome.
T. L. Coon. fi.G ; Etes Bliort, V.O. j
I'ercy R. Smith, Secretary; C. B. Din
widdie, Treasurer.
Notice ot Final Settlement.
Notice Is hereby given that the un
dersigned executors of the estate of
Churles H. Foster, deceuned, have
tiled their final account as such exec
utors. In the ollice of the county
clerk of Crook county, Oregon, and
Monday, the 6th day or July, lUH.at
the hour of 10 o'clock tn the forenoon,
has been set for the time for hearing
said final account and any objec
tions that may be made thereto, and
for making an order of final settle
ment of said estate, and for such
other and further order as my be
Just and proper in the premises.
Dated and published first time May
21st, 1914.
Mrlvin M. Fohtkk,
Oha (!. Font ku,
Executors of the estate of Charles II.
Foster, deceased.
Strayed
Light bay horse, gelding, weight
1020. rangy built, bald face, four
white stockings, 8niall brand on
left shoulder, also T F connected on
stllle. Has halter on anil sharp shod
No. 2 shoes. LttHt seen near ltoberts,
Ore. Howard of $12 will bo paid for
recovery of horse. Deliver horse to
M. 8. MayfleUL 4-U-lmp
Fishing Tackle
We have n complete line. Every
thing you need. Come and see L.
KiiuiHtrn, Tim rrlnevllle, Jewelry &
Kportlii(4 Ooods Store. 4 9
"My kingdom for a horse," proffered
a defeated monarch. But the modern
man gets an infinitely better means of
transportation at lowest cost when
he buys a sturdy Ford. The econom
ical Ford has made the horse an ex
travagance at any price.
Five hundred dollnri is the price of a Ford run
about; the touring enr it five fifty; tint town car
even fifty (. o. b, Detroit, complete with equip
ment. Get a catalog nnd particulate from agent.
C. W. WILSON
1-15 Crook County Agent, Prineville, Ore.
Garage Opposite Post Office
City Meat Market
HOR1GAN & REINKE, Props.
Choice Home-Made Hams. Bacon
and Lard
Fresh Fish
Fruit and Vegetables in Season
"PRINORE"
AND
"STANDARD"
Prineville Flour
You . would . enjoy . the . Journal
Only $1.50 per Year
THE HAMILTON STABLES
J. H. WIOLE, Proprietor
PRINEVILLE, OREGON
Stock boarded by the day, week or month st
Reasonable rates. Remember us when in
Prineville. Rates Reasonable. We have
Fine Livery Rigs For Rent
1 T TTTV T I
and Oysters
k ILi I lJ
Shinplra, MouldingH, Windows,
Doors, Glannea, Etc. Etc., Etc.
SHIPP&PERRY
PRINEVILLE, OREGON