Grook County
Journal
COUNTY OFFICIAL PAPER, $1.50 YEAR
PRINEVILLE, CROOK COUNTY, OREGON, THURSDAY, JAN. ,26 1911.
VOL. XV NO. 7
Ormou, ni Mound-!liM butter
Opening Central Oregon
Tens of Thousands of Farm Homes for the
Settlers.
Tim Hill line are doing heroic
work in maklnt known the re
amirce of twin country. Tim latent
bulletin issued ly tlis Great North
t rn Hallway, y in pari:
Tin building ul the Oregon
Trunk lUilwuy over IflX) mile
down the valley of tin' l)eclnili'
river in Central Oregon, i opening
up In settlement practically the
1 ii r Kent nri'K of undeveloped terri
tnry remaining in the- IW'ilie
Northwest.
1 1 in no doiilit very difficult for
I In1 farmer and hi irown ii sous
on n rrntf i (arm in Indiana, Ohio,
llllnoiK, or any oiiier well popu
lated section ill the Km), to accept
tho fuel that in Central Orison to
ilny, there in a vnt .cni ii of ag
rienllurul and grating territory
wliioh enn lo hud by the settler
from "I'nrlo Fain" In exchange for
the exercise of hi brain nd hi
brawn to develop it great wraith.
That thin largo section of Ore
gon ban mi long lain dormant in
jue to the fact that the broad
prairie and ftrlile vallev of Cen
tral Oregon are hemmed in on tha
north, writ and couth by towering
mountain range, very difficult of
penetration. It remained for the
Oregon Trunk Railway, by the ex
penditure of several million dol
lara, to first gain access In thin re
gion and open it up for develop
ment. Today in the bottom of a
canyon 100 mile, long arid from
100 to 2(H) feet bekw file level of
til" adjoining tableland, steam-rhuvt-le,
humlreiU of teams and
iIiouhuhiIh of men nro engaged in
the tai-k of cointriirting the Oregon
Trunk lUilwuy from the moiiih of
the lerhiite river smith il-to the
birge territory lying in Croi k,
Klamath and Luke counties.
Interior Oregon is today what
Kislim Washington waa 25 yeara
ago, and it bua potentially the
same poraihilitiee of wealth that
the rich fruit and grain growing
auction of Washington, lying in
the Columbia River Basin and Rig
Rend Country, ha.
The Oreeon Trunk Railway U
now under construction contract
for 10.) milea from Celilo, on the
Columbia, to Madras in Crook
county. Btirvey have been made
through beyond Crooked river to
Rend, and thi extension will be
developed a rapidly at jiossible.
The Doachutea river rise in the
height of the Cascade mountain,
224 mi lea touth of the Columbia.
It parallel the Caawade flowing
due north through Crook, Wasco
and Sherman countie. The terri
tory immediately tributary to it
embrace an area of about 9,000
hi u a re miles. Numerous tributary
Ury i the Crooked river which
flow in a norlhweelcrly direction
from the eastern boundary of
Crook county through a compara
tively undeveloped but rich agri
cultural, fruit growing and tock
raining region.
At a point 140 mile from its
mouth, after flowing in peace for
35 mile through the lower eection
of Crook county, the Deschutes
river become a raging torrent and
rushes with mad force through
rock-walled canyon all the way to
Cnaat. The eaatern lop of thee
mountain ia covered with a dense
growth of timber. Eat of the
mountain extend a vast plateau
which ia from two to five thousand
feet aliove eea level. Here and
there throughout Klamath and
Lake counties, email mountain
range raise their bead from two
to three thousand feet above the
surrounding valleys and table
lands.
i
t i ' fM
...
. . .. .
i. ftii mm v'l
f; ,'.;h-t:
t
Crook County Rich ia Timber.
stream find their source both eaat
and west of the Deschute river
and flow through abrupt valleys
and vast si retches of rolling bench
land to their juncture with the
Deschutes. The principal trihu-
the Columbia. " 1
The Cascade Mountains form
comparatively straight line from
the Columbia river to the Cali
fornia border at a distance of
alout 120 mile fiom the Pacific
Our January Clearance Sale is
Rails to Madras Feb'y 10th
The Regular Trains Will Follow in About Six
Weeks.
A Saving Sale!!
65 Cents will go as far here as $1 will elsewhere. We
mean that in actual buying power you will get for 65 cents
what you would pay out $1.00 for elsewhere.
iff
Jackson Corsets.
Hl.ea No. 2ft anil over at
' h Regular Trice.
Just
DRESS GOODS.
60c irrtuJee. now 30c
Tie (mules, now 4'."u'c
ISic grades, I"" WJc
Hftc grade, now !.22SiC
4 ' Li 7
Ik I
SHOES.
Mon'i 12.50 shoca at,.. l.'
Men's .M slioea at... 2.W
Men's l.m alim-a at.... ftUll
Utlivs' M.N) shoes at... 1.8ft
Lmlies' H 00 kIiotb nt ... 2 V
l,aili' 11.00 shoes at... 2.7ft
MOTHER8:-
oa will do yoiiraoH a
favor will make a -nent
mbvImr on every boy's anil
von hnv of us. ('all ami
see Oil clothlnir. Kind out
our nrices. Vou owe this
duty to your pocket-book.
Thi i a Saving Sale, it
is the opportunity of the
year. Why end your
money to Eastern Mail
Order houses. Buy a
cheap here and the
money will stay in the
country. Send it away
and it never returns.
Gi:NTIEMO:
e are closing out our
entire stock of Suits aud
Overcoats. Our prices are
a raving to you of tit least
one-third the regular price,
whether bought ot us or
elHewhere. Several days
ago we saw an overcoat
bought at a "Clearance
Sale" for $17.60, regular
$ J6.00 overcoat." Our
overcoatB at 12.50 and S13
are better values. Contain
larger percentage of wool
and better every way. So
do not be deceived. You
bnv reliable clothing of us
and save at least one t hird
the price. Remember that.
UNDERWEAR.
Men' regular fl.2S grades at
Men's regular (1.75 grades at..
Men's rmnlur 05c grades at..
Ladies' 75c grades at
Indies' 50c grades at.
Indies' 3ftc grades at
:. .tw
2 f
V-rf
ii
$S.50 on your
buying here.
We are
closing
out. our
entire
stock of
Men's A
Boy's
cloth i n t
and over
coat. We are
saving
the pur
chaner at
least ij
o t the
regular
price.
We are
Belling
8 r o d
s u its at
7. 60,
$8.50 and
upwards.
You can
save $5 to
next suit in
65 Cts.
As Good as
$1.00
Mother:
Do yourself the
kindness of looking
over our Boy's Cloth
ing. Your boy can be
dressed . up at our
store one-third cheap
er than elsewhere.
Simply because we
have decided to dis
continue handling
suits.
The C. W. Elkins Company.
The topographic and climatic
conditions of Oregon closely re-
semble those of the 'state of Washington.
The heavily timbered Cascades
form a mighty harrier against the
moisture laden wind from the
l'rtcific, which would otherwise
pass over Ut-ntral Oregon and
tran form it into a legion of tim
ber covered plains and verdant
valleys. In Eastern Oregon, the
I'.lne Ilidpe Mountains taie their
heals into the sky to a height of
!,000 f iet or more.
Il is characteristic of the entire
nor hwestern country that the ter
ritory which lies immediately west
high ranges of mountain enjoys a
greater rainfall than doe the
neighboring plateau and valley
lands lying on the east of the
mountain. The Deschutes valley
lies immediately east of the Cas
cade Mountains. Hence, the rain
fall here is limited to from 14 to
18 inches per year.
The clin ate, therefore, of Was
co, Sherman, Crook, Klamath and
Lake counties, Central Oregon, is
for the most part mild, and dry.
The winter are generally not se
vere. The warmth of the summer
is tempered by the cool breeze
from the mountains which sweep
down at night. This combination
makes Central Oregon a particu
larly healthful territory.
In the wet tern part of Wasco,
Crook and Klamath counties, the
rainfall is quite heavy, reaching as
high as 20 inches per annum. This
territory 5 also heavily timbered.
Zero in the winter and 100 degrees
in the summer are the extremes of
temperature in the Lower Valleys.
There is a licht snowfall in the
winter. The precipitation through
out Central Oregon is sufficient,
under proper cultivation, to raise
excellent crops of wheat, barley,
oats, potatoes and fruits.
So3.
. Generally speaking, the soil of
Central Oregon is a dark loam of
great depth, composed of alluvial
depo-iits and decomposed lava, ov
erlying a clay subsoil. The latter
rests upon a basaltic foundation,
which is so far below the surface
as to he visible only on the banks
of the deep water courses. All of
the chemical elements necessary to
the perfect development of all
grain;, especially wheat, are very
abundant. The clods are easily
broken up by the plow, and the
ground quickly crumbles on ex
posure to the atmosphere.
Scientific farming, as practiced
in regions of comparatively slight
rainfall, is particularly successful
here. This is due principally to
the physical quality of the soil and
its ability to retain moisture with
reasonable cultivation.
IrrifatMa.
The Deschutes river and its trib
utaries has been said by an auth
ority on the subject to be the best
river for irrigation in the world.
It has one important advantage
for irrigation as well as for the de
velopment of its water power, and
that is the remarkable uniformity
of its flow. This uniformity of
flow iV readily accounted for. The
rock formation of the territory is
made up of lava with a large pre
ponderance of Bo-called "sponge
rock." This porous lava has dis
integrated into a pumice soil. It
absorbs the water like a sponge
and Allows it to filter gradually
into the riyer beds. No artificial
flow can be half so perfect.
These natural advantages for ir
rigation have not been lost sight
of, even though the territory has
been held hack for years by lack
of transformation facilities. There
are at present surveyed, proposed
or under construction on the Des
chutes river and its tributaries ir
rigation works to provide water for
Steel rail into Madras next
month is the latest announcement
made by the Hill railroad officials.
It will be six week or more after
that before train service will be established.
While in the East recently John
F. Stevens, the president of the
North Bank road, who has
charge of construction work for all
the Hill lines on the coast, let the
contracts for the steel bridge con
ctruction on the Deschutes Valley
line which is now rearing comple
tion, say the Oregnnian. This de
tail calls only for the actual in
stallation of the steel work and
making the structures ready for
the operation of trains. The
bridge manufacturers virtually
build the bridges complete at the
factories, and deliver them ' in
parts to the railroad. The Mis
souri Valley Bridge Company, of
Leavenworth, Kan , secured the
contract for performing this work,
while Bates & Roger, of Chicago,
will construct the masonry. Botb
theee contracts are among the
largest of the kind let in the West
in recent years.
The masonry on the Columbia
River bridge at Celilo now i being
constructed' by Porter Bros., of
Portland. Mr. Stevens viewed
this on his way to Portland and
was well pleased with the progress
made during his month's absence
from home. The steel work that
will be put in by the Leavenworth
concern will include that on this
structure as well as on all others
in the Deschutes Valley.
While not the largest among the
bridges, the one over Crooked
River in the Deschutes Canyon
will be one of the most remarkable
pieces of engineering work in the
world. A single steel arch, 320
feet in length, will span a chasm
more than 300 feet high. The
steelwork on this is now being
constructed.
Mr. Stevens, on bis return from
the East, met Chief Engineer
Budd and General Superintendent
Russell, of the North Bank Road
Their reports of the work on the
Deschutes road were particularly
gratifying. As a result, Mr,
Stevens predicted that tracks will
be laid to Madras by February 10,
and that the work beyond that
point toward Bend, the proposed
terminus of the line, will be push
ed with such ppeedthat the entire
line will be completed early in the
summer.
rian with reference to exten
sion of the Deschutes line beyond
Bend are yet in embryo. In fact,
nothing definite ha been done.
The situation, Mr. Stevens laid, i
practically as it wag when he left
here in the middle of December.
Ibis work received no detailed dis
cussion at any time during hi con
ference with tbe Eastern officials.
Mr. Stevens smiled when it was
nggested that the sale of the
rights of way through Malheur
Canyon to the Harriman interest
probably had precluded the possi
bility of tbe Hill lines entering .
Eastern Oregon over the most
practicable -route.
"We are not worrying about
that," he commented. ."In fact, it
is of such little immediate conse
quence that I heard nothing of it
while in the East, excepting what
I saw in the papers. We have
made no plans that include an
early invasion of Harney Valley
and the country adjacent thereto,
but I can safely predict that when
we are ready to enter the field the
way will not be lacking."
Whether the recent transactions
will result in the construction of a
new road by the Harriman inter
ests over which the Hill system
will have common-user privileges,
or whether a more southerly route
will be selected for the eastern out
let of the Central Oregon lines has
not been fully determined, or if it
has been determined, it has not
reached a stage of development
that will permit an announcement
of theplans.
"Passenger men in tbe East tell
me," said Mr. Stevens, "that their
patronB are showing much interest
in Oregon and the Northwest.
They promise a large amount of
business for this section in the
next year. The publicity work
that the railroads are doing is hav
ing its effect. The exhibit cars of
the Great Northern have been met
everywhere by admiring crowds.
The permanent display rooms in
Chicago, St. Louis and St. Paul
have been attracting much atten
tion. Thousands of people will
come to the state either as sight
seers or as settlers a a result."
an area of over 400,000 acref.
Many more will, undoubtedly, be
developed in the future. The pur
ity of the water of the Deschutes
river is also an added advantage
for the. eettler in this region. It
courses through the irrigation
ditches as clear as crystal and can
be used for domestic purposes as
well as to provide the necessary
moisture to the farm itself.
Crook County.
The irrigation projects now un
der way are located principally in
Crook and Klamath counties.
Large areas in Lake county and
Harney county are capable of irri
gation and will no doubt be de
veloped rapidly. Private corpor
ations under tne "uarey Act" are
at present engaged in the reclama
tion of the 400,000 acres to he irri
gated. The United States Govern
ment Reclamation Service, as well
as private corporations, are also
using their efforts to provide water
for a considerable area.
East and west of the Deschutes
river there is a sloping table land
in Crook county, approximately 50
miles . long and 20 . miles wide,
wbich is capable of irrigation. In
Crook county, on the east side of
the Deschutes river, the Deschutes
Irrigation & Power Company have
made1 three segregations of land
under the "Carey Act" aggregating
215,000 acres, which they consider
adapted to agriculture. 140,714
acres of this will receive water.
The balance of the land will be
disposed of under the "Carey Act"
in connection with irrigated areas,
and will be used for pasturage or
Buch cultivation as can be obtained
without the aid of artificially ap
plied water. Sixty-five thousand
acres of this land is now under
water. Tbey have already ex
pended $1,000,000 in the construc
tion of 350 miles of canals.
Additional "Carey Act" projects
have been located some of them
now under construction on Squaw
Creek, Tumalo District, in the vi
cinity of Madras, and Agency
Continued on last page.
IB
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