Crook County
OMrnal
M
VOLX
PRINEVILLE, CROOK COUNTY, OREGON, AUGUST 16, 1906.
NO. 35
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ACTUAL COST
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It nil we want on
Millinery,
Duck Skirts
Summer Vests,
Corset Covers,
Shirtwaists,
Muslin Underwear,
Fancy Ribbons,
Tan and Canvass Shoes
These Prices for this Month Only
Call and See Our Line of
Buggies, Road Wagons,
Hacks, Spring Wagons,
Disc Harrows, Farm Machinery
PRICES RIGHT YOU WILL SEE THE SIGN
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ELKINS
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Shcmiko Warehouse Co. Vi CRQOE CflVITT BUS
Shom'io, Oregon
General Storage, Forwarding
AND
Commission Merchants
Ocalcri in lUackomith Coal. Flour, Hurln'tl Wiro,
Nailri, Onx'tit, Linii, Coul Oil, I'IusUt, Sulphur,
Wool and drain, Sack nml Twino, (irain, and Feed.
Agent for Wawu) Wart'luiiiHi! Milling W. "Whilo
River" and "Pallon Patent" Flour. Hiln'ct price
paid (or llidt and IVdU.
Speciul Attention 1h paid to
Haling for EaHtorn Shipnn'iit.
Wool Grading and
Stock Yards with all the latent and bent facilities
for Handling Stock.
7 ark 2our Soocis in Care of
Co."
OFFICERS:
W. A. Booth, Prldnt
O. M. Elkin. Vic Preildent
FNKO W. WlkSON, Cthl.r
DIRECTORS:
W. A. Booth, O. M. Elkins,
D. F. 8TIWART, Fnto W. WlkSON.
Transacts a General
Banking Business
Exoh a ii g e Bought
and Sold
Collections will re
ceive prompt attention
DRY LAND
ALFALFA
It is No Longer a
Theory but a Fact.
SOIL PREPARATION.
How the Land Should he Culti
vated to Get the Best
Returns.
A Mountain of Gold.
eouUl not brinir as nuu;h happineos to
Mr. Lucia Wilke, ( Caroline, AVis., as
diil ono 'jro box of Hui'klon's Arnica
Salvo, when it completely cnreil a run
ning Horo on her leg, which had tor
tured hcr"21on( yearn. Greatest anti
Neptie lu-aler of Piles, Wound and
SoreH. SRC at I). P. Adamson and
Templetoii & Son Drug store.
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CLEARANCE SALE ON
Gents, Summer Underwear
CLAYPOOL BROS.
Trineville, Oregon
HUWUUUjUltfULjywiilwyihULJyyuaUyUlbiUUML:aib.Uka
The cultivation of alfalfa with
out irrigation ha) long been a
mooted quection with Crook coun
ty farinern. Home have tried the
experiment and failed while other
have had only doubtful tucccia.
The trouble has lin the lack of
definite information on theituhject.
The United States Department of
Agriculture mpplie the lacking
information and it in hoped our
ranchers will again take up the
experiment. Byron Hunter, who
ih in charge of farm management
investigations in the Pacific North
went offers some practical sugges
tions that have been found to work
well in practice. He. claims that
if these methods are followed the
suet-ess with alfalfa will tie in the
came proportion as succpfs with
wheat at present, nnd the yield of
wheat be increased by reason of an
improved condition of the soil.
Alfalfa is now generally recog'
nized as the most satMactory hay
and pasture plant that has been
grown on the dry wheat lands of
eastern Oregou and eastern Wash-;
itigton. On such land it does not
reach its highest development until
about the third year, Since it re
quires some time for the root sys
tem to develop sufficiently to take
up the required moisture for the
plant. Therefore, little must be
expected from it the first year.
When properly sown and cared for,
a fair crop of hay may le expected
the second year. 8ince alfalfa
does not give its largest returns
for two or three years, it should be
sown with the expectation of al
low ing it to occupy the ground for
a nuinlier of years.
The success of alfalfa in this
region depends largely upon the
preparation of tho soil, the method
of seeding, and the care of the
tand. The writer has spent con
siderable time in studying the
methods of the farmers most suc
cessful in crowing alfalfa without
irrigation and w hat is said in this
article is based almost entirely up
on this study.
Preparation of the soil: The
ground selected for alfalfa should
he as free as possible from weeds
and in perfect tilth. In all locali
ties where the rainfall is not suf
ficient to grow wheat without sum
mer fallowing every year, the land
should be plowed deep in the fall,
winter, or early spring. It should
he thoroughly cultivated durina
the spring and summer to kill
weeds, retain moisture, pack the
subsoil, and put the soil in good
tilth. In such localities the sub
soil of new land is comparatively
Iry when compared with the sub
soil of the same kind of land that
has been farmed for a number of
years. Alfalfa is a deep feeder
and requires plenty of moisture for
its best development. It is very
essential, therefore, that land be
selected that has been farmed for a
number of years to be sure that
there is plenty of moisture in the
subsoil to carry the young plants
through the first dry summer.
Near the mountains where the
ramtall is sumcient, the growing
of a thoroughly cultivated crop of
Corn, potatoes, roots, or sugar beets
will put the land in good condition
for alfalfa. Land that has pro
duced a crop of wheat, oats, or bar
ley may be plowed and thorougly
prepared in the spring and the
seed sown with the land in ap
parently good condition. How
ever, a study of the results of
farmers who have tried the two
methods leads to the conclusion
that, even where rainfall is plenti
ful, alfalfa get a much better start
and begins to give satisfactory
yields so much quicker if culti
vated crop of corn, roots, sugar
leets, or otatoes, is raised to pre
pare the soil. It the cultivated
crop can not be grown, it w ill pay
to summer fallow, the object of
either being to germinate and kill
all weed seed in the surface of the
soil, retain moisture and get the
land into good physical condition.
Thorough cultivation is therefore,
essential. In the early spring af
ter summer fallowing or growing
the cultivated crop, the land
should be thoroughly cultivated
and put into tne best possible tilth.
Too much pieparation of the seed
Ixd can not I given. As soon as
danger of killing frost is over, the
soil should tie cultivated again to
kill weeds and the seed sown im
mediately. Sowing the Seed Repeated
trials throughout the country have
demonstrated that it is a waste of
time and seed to sow alfalfa with a
crop of grain. The grain shades
the alfalfa too much and robs it of
the moisture necessary to carry it
through the first summer. Ten to
fifteen pounds of good seed per
acre is generally sufficient. It is
usually sown broadcast and cover
ed with a tooth harrow. Perhaps
the most satisfactory and economi
cal way to sow alfalfa seed is with
a common grain drill with a grass
seeder attachment. For this pur
pose seeders should be used that
are provided with tubes to carry
the seed into the hose or beside the
discs of the drill. If such a seeder
is not to tie had the tubes may be
detached from the feed box of the
drill and attached to the spout of
the seeder. In dry localities where
time when it has made but little
growth. As the stand becomes
older and the root larger the disk
harrow may Ik set to run deeper.
After it is well established the
more cultivation the better.
In the dry localities like this
where corn, roots, and witatoes do
not grow successfully, wheat and
alfalfa may alternate. The alfalfa
may occupy the land for a number
of years, as long as it is profitable.
When the alfalfa is plowed up and
wheat is raised again in the usual
way the yields will be materially
increased.
The methods given above for
growing alfalfa require some time
and expense, but paying returns
will be obtained so much quicker
and the alfalfa will last so much
longer, if sown and cared for in
this way, that the extra time and
exense are justified.
here is little or no danger of crusts
forming on the surface of the soil
the drill is set to cover the seed
from li to 2 inches deep. In
moist localities where crusts are
liable to form the seed should not
be covered so deep When all of
the seed is covered the proper
depth in this way, much less seed
s required than when it is sown
roadcast.
Treatment of the Stand: If
weeds are numerous and tend to
crowd out the alfalfa during the
first summer, they are usually
mown often enough to hold them
n check. The cutter-bar of the
mowers snould be set about five
inches high in order that the
young alfalfa plants may not be
cut too closely. If the weeds are
heavy and tend to smother out the
alfalfa, they should be removed
from the held: if not numerous
they may be permitted to lie where
cut.
The leaves and stems of alfalfa
sometimes turn yellow and the
crop then assumes a very un
healthy appearance. As soon as
this condition begins to manifest
itself, the field should be mown
immediately, even though the
growth be very small. If the
growth is sufficient the first year it
may be used for either hay or pas
ture, but under no circumstances
should it be pastured closely the
first vear.
When alfalfa is one year old it
should be disked in the early
spring as soon as the ground is in
good working condition. The har
row should be set straight enough
to prevent cutting oft the roots of
the alfalfa. It is sometimes neces
sary to weight the harrow to make
it cut deep enough. The worker
must use his own judgment as to
weighting the harrow, the angle at
which to set the discs, and the
amount of harrowing to be done.
Instead of using the disk harrow,
some prefer to use the spring tooth
harrow or a cultivator sw it h narrow
shovels. A tooth harrow should
follow the disk to smooth and
pulverize the surface of the soil.
Treating alfalfa in this way will
torm a dust mulch and conserve
moisture for the use of the crop
during the dry season. As stated
above, alfalfa should always be
treated in this way in the early
spring on the dry wheat land with
out irrigation. It may' be given
the same treatment also just after
cutting a crop of hay or at any
High Price for Sheep.
Present sky prices asked for
sheep is a topic of frequent com
ment. There is an apparent scar
city with many would-be purchas
ers making inquiries. Four cents
per pound was paid recently for a
band of 100 ewes with the result
that they cost the buyer $5.96 per
head. Ever since that transaction
the general price is $6 with but
few selling, mainly because there
is little or no surplus.
The figures are very high, but in
many an instance in the past year
a sheep has yielded as much as
that or even more to the owner.
A farmer who discussed the matter
said his band of ewes sheared an
average of eight pounds of wool
which went at 25 cents, making $2
per head. The band averaged also
a Iamb to the ewe, and the Iambs
were sold at 13.65, a total of 15.65
per head, making his band of sheep
by far the best investment on his
farm.
The top quotation for mutton
sheep is four cents per pound.
The condition presented is, that
sheep are worth as much or more
for stocking purposes as for mut
ton. Corvallis Times.
Transportation Necessary.
PRINEVILLE
THE TOWN
One of the Best in East-
0
era Oregon.
SO SAYS A VISITOR
Many Improvements Noted Old
Acquaintances Renewed.
Charles O. Johnston, son of one
of the principal men in the big
Deschutes irrigation work, has just
returned from the scene of work,
and will depart at once for his
home, in Columbus, O., says the
Telegram. "I found everything
progressing satisfactorily on the
Deschutes," said Mr. Johnston, at
the Portland. "We are running
water through two big canals now,
and are pushing work rapidly on
other parts of the great project.
Settlers have arrived in large num
bers during the year, so that we
have a large community in the
basin. This lieing the second year
for some of them, they will have
many good crops, which can find
market only by being fed to live
stock, as the haul to railways is
too long.
"I cannot comprehend the theory
of the railway builders regarding
such development work as we have
undertaken. We have proved
that the land will bear good crops,
when irrigated, that the water can
be supplied economically and that
the people are eager to take the
land if they are assured a living.
Yet the railway builders say that
they cannot go in until a tonnage
has been developed. Our people
will not raise crops merely to rot
on the ground, and they cannot
market them. If a more confident
spirit is not shown by the trans
portation magnates, we will never
get a railway down the Deschutes
Every assurance that moral cer
tainty conveys is awaiting the rail
way builder now, but the time will
never come, I believe, when the
people will grow a tonnage of
crops sufficient to make the rail
way profitable before the railway
is built into the district."
Last week we visited Prineville,
the County Seat of Crook county,
which is one of the best towns for
business in eastern Oregon says
the Mitchell Sentinel. It had been
several years since our last visit to
the town and of course many
changes. Where there was wooden
shacks we found in their place
large brick buildings. The Prine-
lle hotel, which is now under
construction is almost completed,
and it is built of stone found near
the town. The building will be a
credit to any town. And the best
part of the story is that it is being
built under a lady superintendent,
Mrs. C. E. McDowell, who looks
after the most minute details of
the work of construction and if. the
sole owner. As we saw Mrs. Mc
Dowell passing through the build
ing and watching the progress of
the work in her unassuming way.
we wondered if she could not Cast
as intelligent vote as that aiau we
saw a few minutes before stagger
ing along the sidewalk.
We found W. A. Booth, who is
well and favorably known in this
part of the country, in his bank
and prospering, but the same Bill
Booth that he was in the days
gone by when he was a cow-boy in
the Bridge Creek country. Mr.
Cornett was there all business and
looking after his different stage
lines. There are many other
names, we would like to mention
but will have to pass them for this
time, but alas, many old pioneer
friends have crossed to the other
shore and soon no one will be left
to tell the story of the early set
tlement of Crook county, no one to
tell of the desert which now glows
in luxuriance, no one to tell us
how they made one of earth's lone
liest places to blossom like the
rose, no one to tell how, when
westward the living tide was wend-
ng its way, the brave men and
women left their homes in the east,
and the love that had reared them
knew their faces no more. Elisha
Barnes, Jim Combs, John Sumoers,
Dave Prine, Col. Nye and others
have answered the last great roll
call.
Prineville or totnewhere in its
vicinity will be built the town of
Eastern Oregon but where that is
to be no one knows, time alone
will tell. In the nature of things
and with the rich country around
it Prineville will remain a good
town regardless ot any that may
spring up.
Grant County Cattle.
L. M. Adams, of McKay, passed
through-Pilot Rock with forty head
of cattle, gathered up in the John
Day country, which are to be ship
ped to Seattle.
Three-year-old steers are selling
from $25 to $30 per head in Grant
county, and cows at from $17 to
$20. Mr. Adams says there are to
be shipped out of the John Day
country within the next two or
three months upwards of 5000 head
of cattle. Prices are better than last
year and the present market is in
clined to have an upward ten
dency. Pilot Rock Record.
The fourth annual conference of
the engineers of the United States
Reclamation Service will be held
at Boise, Idaho, September 3 to 8,
thefourteenth irrigation congress
also being in session at Boisc; at
that time.
The use of crude oil as a dust
preventative is proving very suc
cessful on the streets of Salem.
The County Court recently had
ordinary fuel oil put on half of
each of the streets surrounding the
Courthouse square and the result
has been an entire elimination of
the dust nuisance there.