Comely
JoMiraM
VOL. X
PRINEVILLE, CROOK COUNTY, OREGON, JULY 26, 1906.
NO. 32
Crook
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C. W. ELK.
Home
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C. W. ELKINS
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Shaniko Warehouse Co. M
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General Storage, Forwarding
A S I)
Commission Merchants
h.alrrx in Blacksmith Coal, Flour, Barbed Wire,
Nails, Cement, binm, C'oul Oil, Plaster, Sulphur,
Wool and Grain, Suck. and Twine, (iritiu and Ford.
Agents for Wasco Warehouse Milling (V "While
River" ii mi "Dalles Patent" Flour. Highest price
paid for II hire and I'clts.
Special Attention is pail to
Haling for Eastern Shipments.
Stock Yards with nil the
for Handling Stock,
fflfork 2our Soods in Care of
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The Ladies' Home Journal
Patterns
We have Hecured the sole agency for
The Ladies' Home Journal Patterns.
This is the pattern shown by The Ladies
Journal and is Wing sol. I
largest atoro
to any pnttiTM
in the Kant,
published.
August Styles will arrive in a few
days and we will be pleased t have you
visit our pattern counter.
August Style llooks sent to your ad
dress on application.
Car Load of Mitchell Wagons
Fanners: Do you need a wagon for
fall hauling? A ear load of Mitchell Wagons
just received.
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Ortgon
Wool Grading and
latest and best facilities
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A brand new line of Ginghams,
Percales, Long Cloths, White and
Organdies, White Goods, Notions and Ladies'
Furnishings.
Made in Oregon Underwear
Dress and Work Shirts, Gloves, Suspenders
and Boots and Shoes for men.
Groceries, Hardware, Fishing Tackle, Burg Wagons
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OFFICERS:
W. A. Booth, President
O. M. Clkins, Vic Praildcnt
Frio W. Wilson, Oathltr
DIRECTORS:
W. A. Booth, O. M. Elkins.
D. F. STtwART, Fmo W. Wilson.
Transacts a General
Banking Business
Exchange Bought
and Sold
Collections will re
ceive prompt atten
tion A Mountain of Gold,
could not bring as much happiness to
Mrs. Lucia Wilkei.of Caroline, Wis., as
did one 25c box of Buoklen's Arnica
Salve, when it completely cured a run
ning sore on her leg, which had tor
tured her 22 long years. Greatest anti
septic healer of Piles, Wounds and
Sores. 25c at D. P. Adamson and
Templeton A Son Drug store.
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CLAYPOOL BROS.
Prineville, Oregon
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AN EMPIRE
IN ITSELF
Crook County a Young
Man's Country.
GOOD LAND CHEAP
Tie
Byways of Crook County
Visited by aa Cbjerv
ing Webfooter.
Crook county is an empire with
in herself, and unappreciated by
the ordinary traveler. In the pant
four vears hundreds of Linn coun
ty (tropic, as well as others have
paused through portions of it, fol
lowing the roads in canyons, and
over low pa p sen, never dreaming
that juet over the ridge lay fertile
lands, designed to be the homes of
hundreds of mtuidy yoemanry.
Of all these travelers perhaps not a
a dozen raw or passed through the
Haystack country. Five years ago
it was inhabited by a few solitary
stockmen, and the inevitable few
who go to the uttermost ends of
the earth, but are finally over
taken by civilization, some few
such are still in this district who
have never seen a railroad, and
one eKpccially when gazing for the
first time on an automobile, flat
ters himself that he was next, and
remarked that he knew what it
was for he had seen the picture ot
them. At that time the precinct
containing almost 5 townships had
hard work to rustle an election
board, and so well known were the
residents to each other that the
tHtard knew when the last vote was
in. This same territory now con
tains three precincts, and this year
cast 300 votes with the usual num
ber o' "stay at homes" represent
ing a population of 1500 souls,
with 6ve postolfices within her
borders, as manv trading posts,
and the town of Madras growing
very rapidly and deftinedf to be
the metropolis of this fertile
region, ye this particular section is
only in its infancy, while thou
sands ot acres are now in waving
grain, wheat, oats, and barley
Thousands more are being brought
into cultivation as fast as gang
plows can do the work. The yield
exceeds that of the Willamette
valley, and owing to the stock in
terest, the lumber and developing
of the desert lands our market is
equal to Chicago and sometimes
exceeds it.
But there are others. A short
time ago 1 had business teat toos
me to Remmah valley a different
part of the county. There I saw
the same conditions that were true
of Haystack half a decade ago,
a new country, just trass and sage
brush, coyotes and a few settlers,
who hope civilization won't over
take them, but the people have de
served the land and it is settling
rapidly. To one who has seen a
wilderness in four years change to
land of wealth, can prognosti
cate what this wonderful Remmah
valley will be when tickled by the
hand of industry.
It is a gentle undulating prairie,
of large extent, on the west shelter
ing but tea and Mt. Mahogany; on
the east, buttes and low hills,
mighty forests of yellow pine; to
the south, high grass covered
buttes and ridges.
This valley will perhaps have
railroad connections as soon as
any portion of Crook county.
Still further south and west is
the much noted Christmas Lake
valley, at an altitude of perhaps
500 feet above Remmah valley
Citizens of Oregon are familiar
with the fame of this land, and
Remmah valley is her counterpart
except this advantage: being in the
artesian belt and water is gotten
at no depth exceeding 25 feet.- So
strong is this flow that the north
ern and narrow end of the valley
that it breaks out into an immense
spring, in a few miles it is a run
ning stream 40 feet wide and
passes into a narraw canyon in the
hills.
The water below where it comes
out of the ground has been confin
ed by a dam, turned onto the land
and natural meadows are the re
sult. This immense reservoir is a
wonder in iUtelf and brings one
clone to nature. The tules and
rushes grow in profusion and is
the borne of thousands of black
birds who nest in the tules above
the waters, the wild duck nesta
there, likewise the wild goose and
the curlew and plover. The bull
frogs make music in several voices
and the beautiful white swan
circles over you
The country is at this time a
stock country, one farm alone has
1000 head, which wintered the past
winter on 200 pounds of hay to
the head and had no losses. 12,-
000 head of sheep winter in the
valley as well as the immense
band of horses of V. W. Brown,
no one knows how many. When
he is feeling rich, be claims 6000,
but when he feels just ordinary, be
says 4UUU will cover his nrand.
He never sells a horse without
venting the brand and makes the
purchaser agree to not keep it
within the borders of Crook, Har
ney or Lake counties. He delivers
500 head this fall for the Alberta
market.
This valley, with its natural re
sources, equable climate, wood and
water supply, w.th a soil free from
rock, a volcanic ash, neb in ni
trates, is essentially a young man's
country, and in a few years will be
a household word and one of the
wealthiest portions of Central Ore
gon.
W. F. Hammer in Albany Dem
ocrat.
Turned Down by the State Board.
The Pilot Butte Development
Company of Bend, has been turn
ed down by the State Land Board.
This company protested to the
board against making a favorable
report to an application of the
Deschutes Irrigation & Power
Company for approval to patent
24,000 acres of arid land in the
Deschutes basin, Crook county, up
on the representation that it has
been put under irrigation and re
claimed.
This is the latest move in the
long-drawn-out controversy be
tween the rival irrigation com
panies of Eastern Oregon which
are fighting for the right to appro
priate water from the Deschutes
River for irrigation and power. If
the Pilot Butte Company follows
its line of attack it will now have
to appeal to the Department of the
Interior at Washington.
The position taken by the Pilot
Butte Company, which is repre
sented by A. M. Drake, of Bend, is
that the Deschutes Irrigation &
Power Company allowed its filings
on water righta on the Deschutes
to lapse and their rights were im
mediately seized upon by the Pilot
Butte Company. The Deschutes
Company has gone ahead with its
ditch and canal work and recently
made application to the board for
approval of the reclamation of 53,
000 acres that it might receive
patents on the land.
The State Engineer made an in
vestigation of the work accomplish
ed and reported to the board that
there was water sufficient to irri
gate and reclaim 24,000 acres of
the selection. The Pilot Butte
Company protested, on the ground
that the dispute between the two
companies over tne priority oi
water rights was now the subject
of litigation.
The State Land Board takes the
position that it is not within us
jurisdiction to adjust water right
disputes.
Annual Teachers' Institute.
Notice Is hereby given that the
session of the Annual Teachers In
stitute at which all teachers will be
expected to attend will be held July
30. 81. August 1. 2, 8 at the Hich
School Bulldlnir Prineville Or. No
teacher will lie excused from atten
dance uuless prevented by unavoid
able circumstances.
C. B. Dinwiodie,
Co. School Supt.
Loggers Wanted.
The Grinly Lake Lumber Co, wants log
gers. Good wages paid. Grimly Lake
Lumber Co., Lauiouta, Or.
FACTS ABOUT
ALFALFA
Something Every Farmer
Should Study.
!T MEANS MONEY
la Tour Pocket to Farm IoteDi
fently What tie Gov
ernment is Doing.
A great difference of opinion ex
ists as to the best time to cut al
falfa. Some farmers claim the
beet time is when the plant com
mences to blossom, others insist
that the period of full bloom is the
proper time, and some allow the
plant to stand until the seed is
well formed before making bay of
it. This problem has received the
attention of scientific farmers in a
number of Western States and
their opinions might be interesting
at this time.
There are two ways of finding the
troth about the question. Chemi
cal analysis can be made of the
bay and the amounts of nutritous
ingredients can be determined in
this way. Another way is to feed
the hay cut at different periods of
growth and carefully determine
the fattening value by weighing
the animals before and after the
feeding test. Both these ways
have been tested and it is most in
teresting to know that their results
are in agreement.
To most folks a ton of alfalfa
hay is simply a ton of alfalfa hay,
in spite of the fact that the feeding
value may vary 50 per cent. In
other words, when some hay sells
for f 6 per ton other hay may be
worth $9 per ton, according to the
amount of beef it will produce. It
takes a careful observer to de
termine the difference in their
value.
Alfalfa hay should have small
stems, large leaves and should be
free from troublesome weeds such
as foxtail and squirrel tail. It
should have a high percentage of
protein, for that is the most costly
of the nutrition matters and is the
constituent which makes alfalfa so
valuable. Some hav may contain
400. The higher the percentage
the more valuable the crop. To
get the highest value from our al
falfa fields we should therefore cut
it when there is the maximum
amount of digestible protein pres
ent per acre, and when we can get
the maximum amount of hay.
necessarily. If this hay is to be
fed to steers our problem is to pro
duce the greatest amount of beef
per acre.
Experiments carried out at the
Utah Experiment Station have
shown that to produce one pound
of beef it requires 18 pounds of hay
cut when commencing to blossom,
33 pounds of hay cut when half in
blossom and 24 pounds of hay
when cut late. It tberetore ap
pears that pound for pound of the
most desirable hay iB that cut
when the plant commences to blos
som. To produce the maximum
amount of beef per acre it remains
to determine the relative amount
of hay for each period of cutting.
In Colorado, where alfalfa cut at
the first blossom yielded 100
pounds of hay, the same season
plants allowed to go half to blos
som produced 126 pounds of hay
and plants in full bloom produced
145 pounds of hay. If the feeding
value of this hay was the same as
that used in the feeding experi
ment in Utah the late cut hay
would be the most valuable per
acre.
It is plain that if we want the
bent kind of hay it should be cut
when the blossoms appear. If we
want the maximum amount of hay
we should wait until the plants
are in full bloom. If we want to
produce the maximum amount of
nutritive matter per acre, it will
he necessary to carry on some ex
periments; we should cut at differ
ent times and run feeding experi
ments. Experiments of this sort
cost little to the progresnive farmer
other than a little work and there
is a 25 per cent profit or loss some
where in this alfalfa cutting busi
ness to be picked up by the wise,
or cast aside by the man who al
ready knows it all.
Tee Quantity of 8ml to Sow.
The Texas experiment station at
Brazoa has issued a bulletin on
alfalfa culture from which the fol
lowing is an extract:
Tho quantity of auy seed which
is necessary to be sown to the acre
depends obviously upon several
factors, the principal of which are
the number of plants desired upon
the land and the number which
will germinate in a given sample.
In the first place, alfalfa plants
should be rather thickly set Al
lowing one plant to every six
square inches ot surface, there
would thus be 174,240 plants upon
an acre.
A sufficient quantity of seed
must be sown to supply this num
ber, after allowing for all that do
not germinate and for thce which
are destroyed by insects, animals
and other means.
Estimating the number which
will be sown in twenty pounds per
acre by actual count of several
ounces, the average is 2,200,000
seed. This number will allow
about twelve seed to fall upon
every six-inch square of ground in
one acre. This is apparently
greatly in excess of the actual
need.
To those not acquainted with
this plant, the facta will seem in
credible. The penetrating power
of the alfalfa root is equaled only
by that of the desert sagebrush of
the western plains, says F. D. Co-
burn. Under favorable conditions
of soil and climate, the roots will
have penetrated to a depth of five
feet in six months. Many in
stances are on record of roots hav
ing been dug up or otherwise ex
posed, some of which showed -a
length and penetration ot 38 feet,
while even the greater depth of 50
and 60 feet and more are recorded.
Many times the failure to secure a
stand of alfalfa is attributed to a
hard subsurface soil; this is not
the fault if there be enough mois
ture in the soil to support the
young plant until it once estab
lishes the root system.
At the Kansas Agricultural Col
lege a trench was dug through an
alfalfa field for laying a water
pipe. It was late in the fall, fol
lowing a favorable season, and the
alfalfa had yielded three crops. In
the greater portion of this trench
it was necessary after removing a
spade's depth from the top to use
a pick to loosen the soid, which
was so hard that the men ordinar
ily did not at one blow drive the
picks into it more than two inches;
yet, notwithstanding the hardness
of this clay soil, alfalfa roots had
penetrated the depth of the ditch,
5J feet in the deepest place, where
the roots appeared little smaller in
diameter than they were a foot be
low the surface. -
When the alfalfa is once estab
lished, if there is sufficient mois
ture te maintain tho plant, it sends
its roots in quest of permanent
moisture and is only prevented
from reaching it by stone itself.
The roots have a strong and well
developed power of passing around
obstacles such as stones and bould-
ers, and no crevice is so groan as
to escape them in their downward
journeyings.
Charles W. Irish, chief of "irri
gation inquiry, United states de
partment of agriculture," in an ar
ticle on "Alfalfa and Where to
Grow It," makes the following in
teresting observation: "The writer
had an opportunity to observe the
great depth to which alfalfa roots
will penetrate in search of mois
ture while making a survey of a
mining tunnel in Nevada a few
years since. The tunnel was
driven into a rock known to min
ers as 'rotten porphyry.' It was
much shattered and seamed, and
(Continued on 4th page.)
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