ONTARIO, OREGON, THURSDAY, ONTARIO, OREGON, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1932 THE VALUE OF FORESTS OTHER THAN FOR LUMBER The Argus during the Coming Weeks will Present a Series of Interesting anu Informative Articles on Industries Which were prepared as Composi tion's in the Commercial Department of the Ontar io High School. By Francis Hlcdor For os U aro ono of tho groat aids ot civilization. Asldo from fur nishing building materials through tho ages, tho forosts havo fur nlshod fuel ami woro tho homo of most of tho food to ho cooked ovor. said fuel, namely gnmo animals and fowls. Doing rosponslblo for tho rlvors tliuy aro lndlroctly respon slblo for fresh wator fish. Tho forosts df today aro tonic to many a uorvous, woary business man or woman who can find tlnio to spend a fow wooks In thorn In tho Bummer. Something about tho for osts Booms to nppoal to an inborn oonso In all persons so that tlmo spont thoro In soarch of rest is novor wastod. Forosts aro a valuable as set to any city, county, stato or country; not merely for tho timber thoy contain, but .for tho great playgrounds thoy afford. Man whero ho has destroyed tho foroBts, and tho places aro many, goes Im mediately to work (as soon as ho rosLs from his destruction) to crcato parks or play grounds, and theso play grounds aro Invariably planted In' somo troos at tho very outsot. 1'orhapB thoy say shado Is nocossary or tho spocio of troo Is unlquo In this vicinity, but back ot it all lies tho Inhoront lovo ot tho forest. Forests lnfluonco tho cllmuto of nny and ovory country. Toos in any quantity act as hugo condousors of rain. Thoy rogulato tho tomper aturo somowhat In Hint ovaporatlon from tho loaves lowora tho lonipora turo In summer. In wlntor, acting as a wind break, thoy tond to ralso tho tomporaturo, or at loast pro vont It from bolng lowered, by nholtorlhg tho country from tho wind. ""Much ot tho land on tho shores ot tho llaltlo la protoctod In this manner. A century ago thoy woro noarly untonablo becauso ot tho vlolouco of tho wind. Nothing would grow, tho wlutors woro un bearably cold, and tho h'ousos woro built in tho loo of tho hill to koop tho wind from uprooting thorn. Firs woro- planted porno eighty yoara ago, acres and acres; miles and miles ot them, and wholo sec tions In tho loo of thorn huvo bo como good farm lauds. Sands havo boon chocked In tholr drifting nnd tho wind, ovou In tho opon stretches is not so tfovoro bocauso of tho troos. Tho forosts uro muturod now nnd Bonio lumbor Is bolng cut. A vast nmount ot timber Is nocos sary to tho oxlstonco of rivers of any size. Without Umber around its aourco a rlvor Is subject to floods in tho spring or In rainy soasons, and In tho summer or dry seusons It Is very apt to bo nothing but a dry channel. Floods aro vory ox pouslvo us they destroy largo amounts of property and Ufa. A flood Is always followod by low wa tor, and low wator Is Just as oxpon slvo to coramorco nud to ngrlcul turo in au irrigated couutry, causing as it does crop failures and famtno. Deforested lands, unless Immedi ately farmed aro lost to tho uso ot man forovor, If tho section Is billy as In tho Southorn United States, It is soon stripped ot Its soil and tho valleys aro flooded with silt and boulders. If tho deforested lands aro mora level and there is loss rainfall all vogotatiou dies from lack ot molsturo heretofore stored In tho forosts. Unload lu a very humid cllmato, vegetation depends to a groat extent upon tho molsturo hold ovor from tho wlntor snows; and nothing can do this as woll as tho forests. Tho thick mat ot vo gotatiou ou tho foroat floor, uud tho thick mat ot roots bolow tho ground serves as an Immenso sponge which, protected from tho heat ot suminor by tho treo tops, feeds tho springs and rlvors, and In cidentally tho vegetatlou of tho sur rounding country. Deforestation can bo combated ouly by replanting ot scientific lumboxlng. Kxpenslvo reservoirs to consorvo tho wator wasted In tho spring floods tako tho place of for osts us far as tho water Is con cerned, but tho deforested land is still unproductive. In all coun tries whoro forests aro absent, vast sections havo deteriorated into wasto land with all water running off in a fow hours or days and car rying much of tho soil with it, whilo tho rivers of yesterday form dry ravines through tho summor month. In tho Bouthorn, control nnd northorn soctlons ot .tho United States thero aro largo areas out ovor and bumod. "Where tho land was hills as in tho South, ratio at- baro ot soil, bedrock Is laid baro nnd tho country is .Impassable to roads and of no oconomlo valuo whatovor. In tho North and Control sec tions whoro It is not so hot and not so hilly and tho forests woro rather brushy to start with, tho deforested land has grown up to valuloss brush and timber with no chanco of its ovor bolng valuablo as lumbor bocauso ot tho variotics of tree. This land, tho not as bad as that In tho South, wilt bo harder to reclaim as farm land than tho original for est would havo boon. JJut this land Is increasing in fortuity through tho lnfluonco of scrub forosts. China has cut most of hor tlmbor and Is Buffering for it, too. The floods ot tho llwangho could bo stoppod by planting forosts around Its sourco. As It la tho lack of for osts is robbing tho upland of their soil nnd wasting it by tho lavlBU deposits droppod in tho broad val ley. Whllo thoso valloys aro vory fortllo, tholr fertility Is never used. It Is always covored up by frosh do- posits ot silt. Orcoco also Is suffering bocauso Its forests woro not properly cared for. Tho mountain regions now baro of timber, afford only a pro carious living for a fow sheep, Tho forests, too, aro tho homos of many troos, tho products ot which aro ot groat importanco. Tur pontine tar and rosin, tho so-callod Naval stores aro tho most Impor tant by-products In tho United States. Turpontlno is a product dorivod from tho sap of tho Southorn White and othor vnrlotloo of tho long loafod plno, by distillation. Tho roslduo is tar and rosin. Tho troos nra tapped much In tho samo mnnnor ot maplo troos, nnd in tho course ot sovoral yoara blood thorn solves to doath. Camphor, another Important for est product was originally producod In China, but bocauso ot tho dotnand and tho backwardness ot tho Chin ese pooplo, largo plantations ot tho camphor producing troos havo boon plantod olsowhoro, mainly In Coy Ion and Florida. Camphor is a whitish substance with a distinc tive of tropical couutrlos ,uut Is widely known uso, Is as moth balls, llowovor, its moBt Important uao Ib In tho manufacture ot collulold, and high oxploslvos. Thoro is also somo uso for It lu modlclno. Tho oucalyptus troo embraces a variety ot so-callod "gums" Dluo gum, Black gum, oto. It is a na tivo o tropical countries but Is grown In California, Florida, and various malarial states ot tho Mis slsslpl rlvor valloy, Thoso troos grow vory rapidly, acquiring a height ot fifty foot In eight yoars, and havo a vory stately appearance Whou mnturo thoy avorago around two hundrd foot with ono hundred to ono hundrod fifty foot to tho first limb. In exceptional cases thoy havo boon found to moasuro 300. Thoso troos aro grown for shado trees and for an oil socurod from tholr leaves, besides bolng usod for piling and polos, tolephono, power linos, etc. Tholr wood is very oily and durablo. The oil Is ot such a quality as to make the pilings prac tlcally Immuno from roarlno bor ers. In tho South thoy aro plantod as a romody for malaria, but tho scientists say Its morlts lay In tho fact that s0 much water Is evapor ated from Us loaves that It has a tondoncy to dry up malarial swamps. Ilubbor is anothor very Impor tant product of tropical forests, main ly from Uracil and Islands of tho Indian ocean. In South America (Southern Bra zil and Argentina) thero grows a tree (Quebracho) called the uxo broakor, which contains about 2 tannin. They aro put through a process which removes the tannin from tho bark, trunk and limbs. Largo mills have been erected, which on account ot rather cheap labor, do a big business. Tho Que bracho U of a greator density than water, so cannot be cut In tho rainy season whtch Is just the opposlto of conditions In North America where all lumbering Is done in wlntor. Tho tannin produced from this tree is, howovor, of a very Inferior qual ity, making a poor grado of leather unless cdmblued with somo other tanulng agent. Tunbark Is usually gotten from hemlock or oak, hemlock In the north and oak In the south. Tho tanning industry Is thus respon sible tor tho destruction ot a great amount ot timber. Thousands ot acres, millions ot board feet ot hem lock and oak In the United States IPIilllllflllilM GMT A RIG'Sl NEW INPANT INDUSTRY ( S THE Ontario Laundry purchased the Modern Pressary Oct. 15, 1921. Since that time the cleaning has been sent out of town, pending the completion of our new cleaning plant. We "threw in the switch" January 30th, and the wheels of new and modern machinery in a new fire-proof building, started turning. This is Malheur County's first and only REAL Dry Cleaning -Plant. With your support and encourage ment it will, as the Ontario Laundry has done, keep home money at home and bring . in outside trade that will mean more local people on our pay roll. We will feature ODORLESS DRY CLEAN ING. Try our work smell it Look at the Lin ings. BOOST!. . ; ONTARIO LAUNDRY & DRY CLEANING EVERYBODY-CLEANS-WITH-RAIN-WATER-JONES IMlliiilllliiliiill BllllHiiiiH WORKS .1...- ii. ..iru jj.x- Ji-a-jt. strlppod ot tholr bark when tho wood itself contained a largo per coat of tanln; but through Ignor nnco was loft to rot, Docauso of this thoro aro now fifty species ot plants gathorod for tholr tannin, al though oak and homlock still furnish tho bulk ot tnnbark. Bamboo is tho most universally usod of all woods. It Is tho main stay of tho people of all tropical countries whoro It abounds. Japan especially depends on tho bamboo tor building material. It takes tho placo that cheap plno lumbor holds in tho Unltod States, besides being i usod for a variety of things from a I wator buckot and storehouse to a fishing polo. Its loavos aro usod tor the thatch of houses ot all tropical countries, and largo trunks aro used for palisades. Forosts, then, aro among the groatost oconomlo assets ot any country. Preserve the forests I U-JJi. i 1 " BE A BOOSTER for Your HOME TOWN tor mUo of laud has been washed alouo have been cut and merely. LOCAL PERSONALS Dr. II. E. Oornall of the National Workers ot the Home Mission will speak Sunday evonlng at tho Method ist church. Rev.' Henry Young of tho Method ist Church and Rev, E. B. Martin ot tho Nazarlne Church will chango pulpits next Sunday morning. Mrs. Sam Taylor, Jr. spent several days this weok visiting In Wetsor. Miss Helen Donstone spent last weok end In Dolse. Dr. It, O. Payno and Dck Robin son are In Vole this week attending tho Hicks murder trial. Mrs, J. H. Hawkins ot Welser visited In Ontario Saturday, the guest ot tho Misses Elslo and Nellie Morris. John Brutzman left Tuesday for Lewlston to attend the conference of the managers ot the chain ot 40 Hub stores. There will bo a plo. social Satur day evening In the Oddfellows hall AU Rebekahs, Oddfellows, relatives and friends are luvlted. Rev. Henry Young left Wednesday for Dolse. to attend the District Con vention ot Methodist Ministers. . I -In othor words patronize homo industry, and mako your homo town what it should ho. Sending your money out of town for products made in your home city will not got you anywhere, is tho soutimont so insistently taught us by tho Commercial Club of our city. HERE IS A PERTINENT QUESTION If WE trade out of town, and YOU trade out of town, what ia going to become of OUR TOWN and OUR COUNTY? Manufacturing tho products of our soil at homo means that wo keep tho money at homo, tho producer can sell them at homo, and spond tho monoy at -homo, thereby increasing tho patronago of all tho business men at homo. Everyone you may meet will strongly advocate thoso senti .ments and wo commend them for it, but in actual practice thoy do not always carry them out. QUESTION Do you uso "-MADE IN ONTARIO" Leador Flour? Nearly ovoryono in tho city does, if you do not, ask your grocer to sentl you up a sack and try it. NOTE THE FLOUR. .-, ONTARIO ROLLER MILLS M y.--