THE ONTARIO ATlOUfl. TTTUHRDAY, JULY B, 1915
4
THE ONTARIO ARGUS
PUUMNHK!) KVKKY TF1UK8UAT
Entered in thi' poatpfflot at Ontario, Oregon, for trans
mission t.liriniKh tin- lai Is as second-class matter,
W. (. MARSH
(ermany. Iron and War.
In connect inn with the claim of Dr. New
ell Dwitfht llillis, in his lecture at the
Chautauqua In Payette recently, that the
war in Europe was ;i contest to control the
output of iron ore in Kurope, some figures
compiled in an editorial by the New York
Times are interesting.
According to the Times the pig iron pro
duction ol Europe was 44,274, 000 tons in
L918, the last full year of uninterrupted
industry. Of that amount Germany pro
duced 19,000,000 tons, Great Britain pro
duced 10,600,000, France 5,225,000 and
Belgium, 2,319,000.
Germany hai conquered practically all of
Belgium and holds possession of a very
large proportion of the coal and iron re
sources of Fiance. About HO per cent of
France's coal deposits are in the depart
ments of Moid and Pas re Calais, and fully
80 per cent of her iron mines are in the de
partment of Mcurt he et Moselle. (Jermany
has occupied only about ''.7 per cent of
French territory, but that 3.7 per cent in
cludes these three provinces.
The Times, to he conservative, estimates
that only one-half of the total pig iron cap
acity of Franee ta in German hands, and
arrives at the following figures showing
Teutonic control of pig iron in tons:
(Jermany 10,000,000
Austria-Hungary 2,335,000
Belgium 2,819,000
France (60 percent) 2,012,000
Total 96,366,000
The allies' control of pig iron is only
18,007,000 tOtie, divided as follows:
Great Britain 10,000,000
France (60 per cent) 2,612,000
Russia 4,476,000
Italy 490,00O
The United States is the only great non"-
European ouree of iron, in 1913 this
country produced more pig iron than Ger
many and Gnat Britain together. That is
wh the allies are looking to the United
States to offset Germany's control of iron,
for iron wins a modern war.
A Bit of War.
"On the ground from Lorette Heights
to Neuville and the Labyrinth," says a
German general, as quoted by an American
correspondent, "are perhaps ten thousand
unhurried or partly hurried dead. The
stench is pestilential. By means of a hose
we have thrown creosote or quick limeupon
those nearest our trenches. As a matter
of self preservation both sides appear late
ly to have come to annspoken agreement
to bury those nearest them at night.
"It's ghastly beyond imagination. Words
cannot portray to the mind that picture
by day and night white eyes staring out of
faces burned coal-black by the sun. There
are places where there are veritable piles
of bodies. As the days and weeks go by,
they shrivel and shrink together like little
heaps of old clothes. Those silent heaps
are more wierd by moonlight than by day.
"I wish those who cause and make war
with indifference would be put into that
'hell of death' between Neuville and the
Lorette Heights for a while."
That's the way they all talk now. All
the belligerants have learned what war is;
and whether naturally pacifists or militar
ists, they're sick of it. The pity of it is
that they did not realize it last July.
eoeeeoooooi
,:.
i
Americans Who Back Huerta.
If General Huerta really contemplated a
dash into northern Mexico with General
Orozco as the active head f a new revolu
tion and our government apparently has
evidence to that efFect it's a pretty good
guess that he had backers in lower Man
hattan. There are plenty of New York
financiers who would rather see a dictator
of Huerta's type ruling Mexico than any
milder and more scrupulous leader, pledged
to reform. The 'strong hand' which is
admittedly needed to govern that distract
ed country has heretofore been used freely
to deliver and fortify foreign concessions.
It was particularly so when the hand be
longed to Diaz, who was Huerta's ideal
ruler.
Gen. Huerta can't be blamed much for
plotting revolution. He's a Mexican, and
that's his business. But it's a very ticklish
business for American citizens to monkey
with. If there was really a well organized
olot, backed by American capital, just at
the time when the Inked States govern
ment was making a supreme effort for the
final pacification of Mexico, the ramifica
tions of the case will be interesting as
they develop.
?H?
am
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Farm and
Garden
TENT CATERPILLAR CONTROL
Dsprsdstmna Art Widespread Effec
tive Measures Described.
(Prepared by the I tilled States depart
ment of aurlculture.)
A very fitmllliir siht In flip spring 1
the unsightly nests or tents f the tent
caterpillar, found In trees or bushes
along the roadways", Htremns fences. In
neglected orchards uid elsewhere.
These gregnrlou caterpillars con
struct the tents for their protection,
nnd these, nt llrst small, nre gradually
enlarged often to a foot or more In
height and diameter, the size vnrylng
with the iiuiiiIkt or Individuals In the
colony.
Spades of the tent caterpillar are
found ipille generally over the entire
lulled States. The ninths deposit
their egg by early midsummer, or ear
lier In tho south. Hy fall the ctiibry
onlc larva Is practically full grown
within tlie eggs, where It remains until
the following spring. With the coming
of n warm sell the Inrvao escape by
gnawing through their eggshells often
before there Is foliage out for food, and
under these circumstance they may
feed u x 'ii the glutinous covering of the
egg mass.
The tent caterpillar feeds principally
on wild cherry and apple trees, but
will attack many other plants, nnd
where such trees can be removed with
out disadvantage this should be done
thus lessening Its food supply.
1 Miring the dormant period of trees,
when the leaves are off, the egg masses
y
la nor NftT r i.aiivar or tknt carrie
II 1. 1. All IN lIlnTlll or will- I'ltkMIHY
TkttK.
lire fairly onpl uous, and with n little
practice may Ih readily found; It Is
then that they should be cut off and
burned. Tree infested with larvae
during the early part of the year, or
those In the Immediate vicinity, are
perhaps more likely to be chosen by
the parent moth for the itesillloii of
her eggs, and such trees at least should
be scanned If It Is not practicable to
extend the work to the orchard as a
whole. This work may he combined
with pruning to gissl advantage, and a
lookout should bo kept not only for the
eggs of this Inset, hut for tho eggs
and cocoon of other Injurious species
which pass the winter on the trees
When two egg masses are deposited
close together, the resulting caterpillars
may form h common nest Those nests
re gradually enlarged and soon fur-nl-.lt
ample proti -tlon. If the enter
pillar are di'Mrned as soon ns the
small nests niv defected, this will pre
vent further defoliation of the trees,
and the rule should be adopted to de
stroy them promptly as soon a dis
covered. Ill this work either of two
practices may bo adopted, namely, de
struction hy hand or with a torch.
When In convenient reach the nests
may he torn out with a brush, with
gloved hand, or otherwise, and the
larvae crushed on the ground, care lie
lug taken to destroy any caterpillars
which may have remained on the tree.
The use of a torch to burn out tho
uusts will often be found convenient,
especially when those occur In the
higher parts of trees. An asbestos
torch, such as Is advertised by scots
men, will lc satisfactory, or one may
be made simply by tying nigs to the
end of a polo. Tho asbestos or rugs are
saturated with kerciseuu and lighted
and the caterpillars as far as possible
cremated. Some caterpillars, however,
are likely to escaie. falling from the
nest upon the application of the torch.
Ill using the tor. u great care U neces
sary that no iuip'itanl Injury lie done
the tree. It shoal, t not ls used In bum
lug out nests except In the smaller
branches and twigs, tho killing of
which would bo of no pcial ImiKir
tan.e Nests In the turgor limbs should
tie destroyed b hand as the use of the
torch may kill the bark, resulting In
permanent Injury
Tout caurplllurs are iviidliy dcsiroj
ed by arsenical sprayed on the foils
of trees Infested by them Any of tho
arsenical Itisocticldea may be used.
On stone fruits such as chaff each
and limn, aisteiiicals are llkelx to cause
Injury to foliage and must be used with
rant ion If at all tin sin li trees the ar
senate of lead Is (referable, ns It Is leaa
Injurious to foliage and on ail trees
slicks nun h better. In spraying for the
tent caterpillar only, applications
should to in.ulc while the caterpillars
are yet small, as those succumb more
quickly to polsoua than those more
nearly full grown, ami prompt treat
ment st. further defoliation of the
eYMft
Scientific
Farming
;-M-"-.ff
FIGHTING THE CHINCH BUG.
Checking an Advance of Bugs In Wheat
or Corn Field.
Prepared by ttie fnlte.l M'ntes tlrpart-
ment of tfrleultare, I
Tho seriousness of the devastation I
Of the chinch bug vatle-i greatly from
year to year, chiefly on account of
weather conditions. In some years
(be Inroad made upon the wheat
nnd corn crop have been very serl-
i ous. If the tight ngnltist. the pest Is
started late In winter or very early
spring the ln'rnltig of WHto vegetation
Is recommended by the I'ldted States
departnoae of aftuuHara as the most
satisfactory ontrol. If the elimination
Of the chinch bug Is dehnel until bar
rest time some form of barrier Is prac
tical. It Is said Indeed that If It were
not for an occasional season of heavy
rains at the right time the chinch bug
would make It altogether utiprotltnbb'
to raise grain year after year on tho
same areas. Pronohlng rains dining
the hatching season aluav prove fa
tal to (be oung, and such wet paftoda
are sulllelcntly frequent to keep the
numbers of the )s" ts within bounds
The two forms of the chinch bug are
known respectively as the long wing
and the short wing. The short winged
form occurs along the aeacoast and In
land along the lower lake to northern
Illinois. Tlie long winged form Is
found all oier the country east of the
Hod.) mountain and Is especially
OUR PUBLIC FORUM
of , ,
7: . 4mm
aUree
m - -s -
Through the Press Sendee of Agri
culture and Commerce, the master
minds of this nation will be invited
to the public forum and aaked to de
liver a message to civilization. Men
who achieve seldom talk, and men
who talk seldom achieve There Is
no such thing as a noisy thinker, and
brevity is always a close companion
to truth.
It will be a great privilege to stand
by the side of men who can roll In
place the cornerstone of Industry; to
associate with men who can look
at the world and see to the bottom
of It; to commune with men who can
hear the roar of civilization a few
centuries away.
Too often we listen to the rabble
element of our day that cries out
against every man who achieves,
"Crucify him." Mankind never has
and probably never will produce a
generation that apprecletee the genius
of Its day. There never will be a
crown without a crosa, progress with
out sacrifice or on achievement with
out a challenge.
This Is an age of service, and that
man Is greatest who serves the larg
est number The present generation
has done more to improve the con
dition of mankind than any civiliza
tion since human motives began their
upward (light. Tho Oreeks gave human
life Inspiration, hut while her orators
were speaking with the tongues of
angels, her farmers were plowing
with forked atlcka; while her phil
nsophers were emancipating human
thought from bondage, her traffic
I Introductory
moved on two-wheeled carts driven,;
and ofttlmes drawn, by slaves; while:
her artists were painting divine,
dreams on canvas, the streets of
proud Athens were lighted by Are
brands dipped In tallow.
The genius of past ages sought to
arouse the Intellect and stir the soul
but the master minds of today are
seeking to serve. Civilization has as
signed to America the greatest task
of the greatest age, and the greatest
men that ever trod the greatest planet
are solving It. Their achievements
have astounded the whole world and
we challenge every age nnd nation
to name men or products that can
approach In creative genius or mas
terful skill In organization, the mnr-
clous achievements, of the tremend
ous men of tho present dny. Kdlson
can press a button and turn a light
on multiplied millions of homes; Vail
can take down the receiver and tnlk
with fifty millions of people; Mc
cormick's reaper can harvest the
world's crop, and Fulton's steam en
gine moves the commerce of lund
and sea.
The greatest thing a human being
can do Is to serve his fellow men;
Christ did It; Kings decree It, and
wise men teach It It Is the glory of
this practical age that Kdlson could
llnd no higher calling than to become
the janitor to civilization; Vail tho
messenger to mankind; McCormlck
the hired hand to agriculture, und
Fulton the teamster to Industry, and
blessed Is the age that has ouch
masters for Ita aervants.
OUR PUBLIC FORUM
III Julius Kruttschnitt
On Financing Railroads
The Argus, $1.00 the year.
IM i I I.IMl III! II.I...I.IJC, Or CHINCH llt'l. .
abundant In the middle west, the ace
lion which suffers the most from the
chinch luui,
'1 ho long winged chinch bug has two
generations a year, while It Is doubt
ful Whether tile short W lllg tills one ol
lo. The a. lull Insists pass the winter
under clumps of hroomsedge, matted
i;r.is, leaves or In tact any convenient
form of waste vegetation, from which
thej emerge In the spring to deposit
their eggs In nearby grain Holds. When
the young hatch from tin- egg they
duster upon the plants and begin at
omit to feed upon the Juices. Shortly
uftor midsummer this Hrst generation
liaio become adults and deposit their
e'gs in turn. When these eggs are
hatched the young fasten on com. mil
let. Kalllr and similar crops.
To control the o.t. therefore, the
department of agriculture recommends
In tho llrst place tlie I kMRboJ up of nil
fence rows and roadstdA . ami the burn
lug during winter ofgrass and rubbish
about the farm. This n a only de
strois large MMBBOJO of the bugs, but
deprives t tit-Ill of shelter through the
irtater, so that where the work is thor
oiigbly done comparatively few will
survive to the breeding season. In tho
fill or spring green or wet grass will
shelter a OMtala proportion of the bugs
from the tire, so It Is Important that
the burning bi done In the early win
tor
Where this precaution has been nog
llctisl or where the negligence of a
neighbor has exposed a fanner to loss
through no fault of Ills own, there may
be about midsummer a great migration
of the bugs from the wheat to the isiril
n. I.I Till presents another favorable
opportunity to destroy the 'sts. Vari
ous kinds of barriers arc in use to turn
the Invading army aside. One of the
most satisfactory of these Is said to le
the coal t.ir line supplemented with
post holes. The bugs will not cross the
coal tar and. moving along the line of
the barrier, fall or arc crowded by oth
er bags Into the post hob's, where they
can ho killed at will. As the bugs mass
ulonj; the Hue of coal tar tliey present
an appfklMCt not unlike a reddish
brown stream running lato the p 04
li. les This indict has ixvn found
thoioughly practical. It is Important,
how.vor, tispoelnlly In dusty weather,
to keep the coal tar Hue fresh, for as
ajoa us It Is coverts I with dirt the bugs
can pass over it without difficulty. If
coal tar Is not mailable potfOeNOj or
road oil may BO substituted.
Another uicthisl is to plow a furrow
around the field to be protected with a
side so steep that the lags cannot
craul out of It. In ile case of showery
weather, w lien the sides of the furnw
iiiiinot DO kept loose and dry. tho liot
tom .an be OtOOBOd out with a shoid.
making the ttdea more norpoadteolai
in. I the hottoai smoother. The bugs
wiM then follow along the bottom lu
stead of trying to cMmb out of the fur
r. and if holes are dug at Intervals
of thirty Of forty feet the pests will
fall Into them and can then bo killed
by kataaoao. The aaal tar line Is Btoa
b!y preferable to the furrow except In
. - if ex optionally dry, windy
feather,
fhe Argus, $1.00 the year.
The farmero of
JTflbw this nation need
f' to become better
I ' H acquainted with
SBA r .Uncut men
and their prob
lems. It Is only
those who know
thut can give us
Information and
tic farmera of
An. -nca should
listen attentively
to what the men
who manage rail
road property
have to say. Mr. Kruttschnitt, exec
utive head of the Southern Paelflc,
haa written an article dealing with
the financing of railroads. He said
lu part:
"The financing of a railroad If a
function which the people, through
their servants, tho Railroad Commis
sioners and the Legislators, have
never attempted, but It la a most Im
portant problem, especially to aetf
tlona of a State where new railroads
are needed The placing of securities
haa been left entirely with the pro
moter and owner of railroads.
"The Immediate determination of
what earnings the railroad ahall be
permitted to receive and what bur-
deus It shall have put on It la In the
huuda of other servants of the public
the legislators and the Commis
sioner "Managing a railroad Is pnte differ
ent from managing a government
where the money Is rulsctl hy taxa
tion. When the expenditures, for
good reasons or otherwise, Increase.
taxes cun be equally Increased The.
tullro.nl, while servants of the pub-
lie, cannot raise money with auch
ease and facility. The railroads must
keep their expenditures within their
Incomes berauao while they have
some control over their expenditures
they huve uluiost no control over their
incomes, their rates being fixed by
public authorities.
"There is not a railway manager In
the country today who la not fearful
that under the press of Increasing de
mands the transportation systems of
the country will, In a few years, break
down, unless the rallrouds are allowod
to earn larger funds wherewith to
build It up. There are vast sections
of tho country, especially In the Weet,
where more railroads are needed and
they cannot be built unless tho rail
ways raise new capital.
"People Invest money In order to
make money, and they are skeptical
aa to whether they can muke money
by luvestlug In concerns that ur dealt
with stringently and unfairly. Kail
road securities must be mude morn
attractive to Invite Investments, and
In order that they may be made morn
attractive, the roads must be allowed
earnings that will enable them to
meet the Increased capital chuigoa"
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prices.
Best for the money is our
motto, not only in sugar, but
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It pays to buy at a grocery
with reputation.
WILSON BROTHERS
K. COPBi only l'raeticul Tailor in Ontario, is ilu
only Practical l'laco to bin a suit inatle to yourortlvf
r Suits made to order from
$15.00 to $50.00
The only tollable and Prompt Claaaing and IViMini
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E. COPE
Moore Hotel Blk.
'