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THE ONTARIO ARQUS, THURSDAY. MAY 27, 1916
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TWO
THE ONTARIO ARGUS
PUBLISUKD KVKKY THUK8DAT
Entered in the postoflloe at Ontario, Oregon, for trans
mission tlirnngh the mail ac second class matter.
W. C
MAHMII
Sowing The Seeds of Peace.
"The great opportunity of America,"
says Jane Addams, "is to utilize the immi
grant population to form a humanitarian
public Sentiment so strong that it will make
itself felt in the utmost parts of the earth."
Coming from the chairman of the Inter
national Congress of Women, the words are
worth thought.
And according to Miss Addams' own ac
count of the prevalent attitude of the alien
population in Chicago, it is easy to encour
age such a sentiment. It already exists to
a surprising extent. When a Boy Scout
company was organized in one of the poorer
sections of the city, the Russian Jews with
drew their boys and would have nothing to
do with it, because the training seemed to
savor slightly of militarism.
"We came to America," said the Rus
sians, "to get rid of this militarism. We
don't want our boys contaminated with the
miltary drill."
"We got one proof after another,"
adds Miss Addams, "that the various peo
ples were prejudiced against militarism.
In this present war we realize that never be
fore has the brutality of war so revealed it
self." And she concludes that now, while
immigrants and children of immigrants are
intensely interested in every phase of the
European war, "We should take advantage
of this opportunity to forge a public opinion
that will be much more international than
' could be wrought by any other nation in
the word."
The schools particularly offer facilities
for driving home the lesson. It is likely
that the American public school, properly
and neutrally utilized for this purpose,
would prove to be the most powerful of all
factors for the promotion of universal peace.
IMS
Memorial Day 1915
Half a n'utury AfO thin nation awoke
pom itn four years' nightmare of war and
anil' I In. , I i I .! :l L (if lirluv Nurlll 1111(1
I , ,
I aouth the news of Lees Hiirrender was wel
comed in the former Meet ion an the buccobb-
ful outcome of the long struggle for the pre
servation of the Union, in the latter an the
inevitahle end whioh had ben foreseen for
months if not for yearB. Day by day the
superior northern forces had wielded their
iron ring around the ( 'onfederaey, crushing
resistanee with over-power ingly superior
forces.
Throughout the laud on the humming
wires of the then recently invented telegraph
went the tidings, "Lee has surrendered!" to
be followed by the thought in every mind,
"The war is over!" No official notification
verified this popular verdiet, since the war
did not end officially for many months, and
fighting took place in Texas in May. Hut
both north and south recognized that Lee's
surrender meant the downfall of the Con
federacy. In the latter section of the
country the news was received in fearful
gloom, and preparations began for saving
what might he snatched from the holocaust
of defeat. In the north everywhere were
spontaneous, exhuberant outbursts of joy,
and preparations were begun for the time
when "Johnnie" should come "marching
home again." In both north and south de
vout persons thanked God for the coming of
peace after the long years of war.
"The war is over.' Throughout the
breadth of the north this was the jubilant
cry with winch people greeted one another
on the morning of April 11, lHo'5," says Idu
M. TarbeU's "Life of Abraham Lincoln."
"For ten days reports of victories had been
coining to them 1'etersburgevacuated, Rich
mond fallen, Jefferson davis and-his cabinet
fled, Lee surrendered, Mobile captured.
Nothing of the confederacy, in abort, re
mained but .Johnston's army and it was gen
erally believed that its surrender to Sher
man was hut a matter of hours. How com
pletely the conflict was at an end, however,
the people of the north had not realized un
till they read in their newspaers that .Good
Friday morning the order of the secretary of
war suspending the draft, stopping the pur
chase of military supplies and removing
military restrictions from trade.
"Such a day of rejoicing the world has
rarwly seen. At Kort Sumpter scores of well
known citizens of the north, among them
Henry Ward Beecher, William Lloyd Gar
rison, General Robert Anderson and Theo
dore Til ton, raised over the black ami shat
tered pile the flag which four years before
Charleston, now lying desolate and wasted,
had dragged down.
"Cities and towns, namlets and country
roadside blossomed with flags and hunting
Stock exchanges met to pass resolutions.
Hells rang. Every man who could make a
speech was on his feet. It was a millennium
day, rostoring the broken homes, quieting
aching hearts, easing distracted minds.
Kven those who mourned and who could
count the number whom that dreadful four
years had stripped of those they held dearest?
even those who mourned oxulted. Their
dead had saved a nation, freed a people.
And so a subtle joy, mingled triumph, resig
nation and hope swept over the north. It
was with all men as James Russell Lowell
wroto to his friend Norton thut it was with
him:
" The news, my dear Charles, is
from heaven. 1 felt a strange and tender
exaltation. I wanted to laugh and I wanted
to cry and ended by holding my peace and
folding devoutly thankful.' "
Washington almost went literally mad
with joy when it heard of Lees surrender.
A contemporary account saya:
"Yesterday (April 10, the day after Lee's
surrender) wait u gain luy in WushiiiKlou. A
vacation was Riven the -lrki in the treasury
department, and the workmen in the navy yard,
who immediately formed in procession, accom
panied ! hands, proceeded to call on the lead
ing otlicials. The president and General Ilnl
leck made uddresses, the cannon on the fortifica
tions thundered forth salutes, hells were rung
and the general enthusiasm given vent to in in
numerable spoutuneous manifestations."
Writing of the Hurrender in the New York
Tribune, Horace (ireeley said:
"Lee has surrendered! Three words only,
hut how much they mean! Lust night at 11
o'clock this news reached us, and hefore we had
tiuished reading the dispatch cheet upon cheer
rang through the night air, so quickly had the
intelligence, not ten minutes on the wires, es
caped to the street, to he carried, like the Hash
from mountain top to mountain top that gath
ered the clans fram a whole mountain side, into
thousands of households, to he repeated in
prayers of thanksgiviug from thousands of fam
ily altars."
Before the north could fairly don its gar
menta of rejoicing and hefore the south could
realise it must thereafter set its feet ou the path
of industrial rebuilding came the terrilic shock
of Lincoln's assassination, only five days after
Lee's surrender. (iloom overspread both sec
tions, the north because it had lost its father
and its friend; the south felt the dread, happily
unfounded, of reprisals for a madman's deed.
KNOW THY COUNTRY
I Introductory
"Know America" Is a slogan lhat
should ring out from every school
room, office, farm and shop In this na
tion. No man can aspire to a higher
honor than to become a capable cltl
sen, and no one can merit so dls
Ungulshed a title until he Is well In
formed of the resources, possibilities
and achievements of our country.
This Is a commercial age and civ
ilisation Is bearing Its most golden
fruit In America. We are noted for
our Industrial achievement as Egypt
was noted for her pyramids; Jerusa
lem for her religion; Greece for her
art; Phoenicia for her ets; Csaldea
for her astronomy and Home for her
laws. Likewise we have men who will
go down In the world's history as pow
erful products of their age. For, stand
ing at the source of every gigantic
movement that sways civilisation Is a
great man. The greatest minds travel
In the greatest direction snd the com
mercial geniuses of this age would
have been the sculptors, poets, phil
osophers, architects, and artists of
earlier civilisations.
As Michael Angelo took a rock and
with a chisel hewed It into the Imago
of an angel that ever beckons man
kind upward and onward, Hill took
the desert of the Northwest and with
bands of steel made It blossom like a
rose, dotted the valleys with happy
homes and built cities In waste places.
As Quttenbarg took blocks of wood
and whittled them Into an alphabet
and made a printing press that
flashed education across the con
Unent Ilka a ray of hght upon
a new born world, McCormlck took
a bar of Iron and bent It Into
a reaper and with one sweep of
his magic mind broke the shackles
that enslaved labor of generations yet
unborn, and gave mankind freedom
from drudgery, and lifted tho human
race Into a higher sone of Ufa.
As Nelson organised the English navy
and made England mistress of the sea,
enabling the British Isles to plant her
flag upon every continent washed by
the ocean's waves, and to make foot
stools of the Islands of every water,
Morgan organised a banking system
that has made America master of the
world's finances, brought Kings to our
cashier's windows, the nations of tha
earth to our discount desks and placed
under the Industries of this nation a
financial system as solid as the Rock
of Gibraltar.
There Is no study quite so Interest
ing as progress; no sound so magic
as the roar of Industry and no sight
so Inspiring as civilisation In action.
A full realisation of America's part In
the great events of the world past,
present and future will thrill every
human heart with pnae. patriotism
and faith In Republican Institutions.
Through tho courtesy of the Agri
cultural and Commercial Press Ser
vice, the readers of this paper will ba
permitted to study America; her ag
ricultural, manufacturing and min
eral development, mercantile, bank
Ing and transportation systems which
are the wonder of the world. The
era artlela of the series will deal
with transportation and will appear Remember the Un-
at nn early date.
R. COPKi the only Practical Tailor in Ontario, is the
only Practical Place to buy a suit made to your order
Suits made to order from
$15.00 to $50.00
The only Reliable and Prompt Cleaning and Pressing
in the City.
E. COPE Moore Hotel Blk.
i
i
i
Summer Excursions
East
Ins
Union Pacific System
KNOW THY COUNTRY
ll-Rollroads
ion Pacific System
is the Direct Route
to all points east.
Through Cars.
In discussing the commercial
achievements of this great age. we
shall approach the subject as the
historian chronicling events. This se
riaa will endeavor to record In writ
ing tho supremacy of American man
and Industries In the world's affairs
and perptuate an appreciation of our
marvelous Industrial achievements by
presenting simple facts, figures and
comparisons that are overpowering In
their convictions.
America holds her proud place
among the nations of the earth today
on account of her supremacy In trana
portatlon facilities. The mighty minds
of tha aga are engaged In the prob
lems of transportation, and the great
est men In th. history of the world's
commerce are at the head of the
transportation systems of the United
States.
In the discussion of transportation,
let us consider separately our Rail
ways, Telegraph and Telephones. Kx
press, Public Highways. Steamships.
Street Railways, Interurban and other
forms of transportation, and this ar
ticle will deal with railways.
Tha United States baa the largest
mileage, the best service, tha cheap
est rates, pays labor the highest
wages, and we have the most efficient
ly managed of the railways of the
world. They stand as a monument to
the native genius of our marvelous
builders, and most of the railroads In
foreign countries have bean built
under American orders.
The railroads repraaant a larger In
vestment of capital than any other
branch ot human acUvlty. The mile
age U tha United States exceeds
Otrrnmi Destroyed 125 Merchantmen.
Amei.-rdaiu. HollandThe Mlttau
ellun. of nurltn. has publlahed a list
of men haulmtui said to have been de
atroyed by the German navy since the
beginning of the war. According to
It, German veeaele have sunk 111
atuaiuehlpe, with a total tonnage of
400.OO0, four auxlliar) cruisers, with
a total tonnage of 33.600; one sailing
vessel, one aohooner, eight mine
sweeps and one troop transport.
the accepted distance from tho earth
to the moon. We had in Mil. the
last year la which figures for all
countries ara available, on tha
earth's surface, 639,981 miles of rail
way divided aa follows: United States
241,199, Europe 107,431 and other
countrlea 191,360. The Unltod Ststea
has 38 per cent of the world's mileage,
seven per cent of the estimated pop
ulation and about five per cent of the
area. The total capital Invested In the
rulluays of the world Is $60,000,000.
000, divided as follows: United Btatea
$n, .oiio.ooo Europe $2r..rtMUiiio.on0
and other countries $11,360,000,000.
Reduced to a mileage basis the cap
ii ah at un Is aa follows: Tha world
$78,000. United States $54,000, Europe
$124,000, and other countries $59,000.
A comparison of rates Is equally aa
Intrpjtlng and the United States
takes the lead In economy and serv
ice. The average rate per ton per
hundred mile haul Is as follows:
I'nlted States 76c. Oreat Britain $2.63.
France $1.44, Oermany $1.44, Russia
Mo, Austria-Hungary $1.30, Italy $2.30
and Swltserland $1.81.
Tho average yearly psy of all rail
road employes In the principal coun
tries Is as follows: United States
$767, Germany $392, Italy $346, Aus
tria $322. Great Hrltaln $279, France
$2ti0 and Russia $204.
About 30 per cent, or 188,000 miles,
of the railways of the world are
government owned. About half the
railway mileage of Europe Is govern
ment owned.
A comparison of the economy, In
time and money and the convenience
In travel, will be made In a later
article.
tl
Very low rates to
Denver,
Colorado Springs,
Kansas City, fit. Louis,
Memphis, Omaha,
Chicago,
Minneapolis,
St. Paul
and many other points from loal
pqints on the Oregon Short Line.
SALE DATES, May 15. 10, 22;
26. 29; June 2, 5, 9, 12, 16, 1), 28,
26, 30; July 7, 14, 21, 28; August
4, 11, 18, 25; Sept.. 1, 8, 15.
Stop-Overs Diverse Routes
Consult any 0. S. L. Agent for
rates and further details.
ill
DAVID LLOYD-GEORGE
GEN. VON H0ETZEND0RF
3
H fcjH w aaaaaBk-i
t w
David Lloyd George. British Chan
eellor of the Exchequer, upon whom
rests the financial burdens of the war.
Even a more astute Secretary of State
than Mr. Bryan would have found the pres
ent world situation somewhat puzzling.
The report that England proposes to
abolish whisky by taxing it is now being told
as the latest joke in every mountain cabin
in Kentucky.
DR. RITTMAN
Order Your Flowers For
Decoration Day
Japan has picked not only the psycho
logical moment but also the psychological
country for the realization of her designs.
When less of innocent life is involved
it becomes difficult for the average citizen
to consider the destruction of a ship on a
basis of sheer technicality.
m
vgJV
J5 ! i
Lillies, Gladiolus, Roses,
Carnations, Lark Spur
and Jessamine
Dr. Waltsr F. Rlttman, the young
government expert who discovered a
way to Increaaa production of gasoline.
Ontario Floral Co.
Phone 49-J Ontario, Oregon
i TskW
Headquarters
at Argus Office
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