PORT ORFORD. OREGON. POST
Australia Increases War Efforts
Reciprocal Trade Plans
Have Role in 'Next Peace'
Hull May Have Answer to Totalitarianism;
British Farming Program Greatly
Changed by War Demands.
By BAUKHAGE
National Farm and Horne Hour Commentator.
WNU Service, 1395 National Press
Bldg., Washington, D. C.
WASHINGTON.—There is a peace-
machine in Washington, all oiled
and ready to start the moment the
last gun is silenced in Europe. From
it may come a plan which the de
mocracies can offer the world as an
alternative to the totalitarian way of
life.
This peace-machine is not new,
but it has never been given a fair
trial. Cordell Hull has the patent.
It may never be allowed to func
tion, but it is a cheering thing, to
know that it is there.
It is simply reciprocal trade
agreement machinery which Secre
tary Hull is insisting shall be kept as
nearly intact as possible, ready to
be put into operation the moment
the tanks are moved out of the
way. For Mr. Hull believes firmly
that out of all the uncertainties
which surround this uncertain world,
when the war is over one thing is
going to happen: Either the system
of free intercourse among nations is
going to exist in the world, or the
totalitarian system will dcminate.
Changing Viewpoint.
More and more, people are com
ing to feel that there cannot be a
world economically half-slave and
half-free. Unless all nations can be
united under a system of mutually
profitable trade, totalitarian meth
ods will be forced upon all nations
and it is axiomatic that when a gov
ernment begins to create artificial
restraints in the field of business,
gradually you will be forced to cur
tail political and social freedom, too.
The Nazis know their system is
not the best system, though they
don’t admit it to the people. Ger
many’s great economist, Hjalmar
Schacht, admitted as much before
the war. The system of free enter
prise, he said, was the best system,
but Germany, because of her "emer
gency” had to adopt its own system.
He did not say that this emergency
was created because Hitler, in or
der to carry out his theory of domi
nation, had to spend the nation’s
wealth, its goods and its labor, on a
huge unproductive armament indus
try. Of course, lack of free trade
Intercourse before Hitler’s advent
had helped to impoverish Germany.
Hull’s Theory.
Secretary Hull believes that the
roots of war grow in the soil of evil
economic conditions, that war can
not be prevented unless nations in
dulge in mutually profitable trade.
He says that today, as he has al
ways said it, although his reciprocal
trade agreement program has been
burned to ashes in the flames of
war. But he is keeping his machin
ery oiled and is ready to start it
again if he gets the chance. It may
well be the foundation-stone of the
peace to come, if his policies are
permitted to dominate that peace.
The story of Mr. Hull’s battle for
his beliefs is a fascinating one. It
was the result of a lifetime of study.
Because of his knowledge of eco
nomics, which has astounded foreign
statesmen with whom he has come
in contact, he was chosen for the
post he holds. His first effort and
his first failure took place when the
London economic conference, called
shortly after he came into office,
broke down. He took that defeat in
his stride, eliminated from the gov
ernment Raymond Moley who op
posed him at the conference and
packed his bag for South America.
The result was the first reciprocal
trade treaties with our southern sis
ter nations. Slowly he built on until
finally came the agreement with
Great Britain, taking in a huge area
of the English-speaking world. Then,
just as he was winning supporters
to his cause, war came and the
structure was smashed. But it did
not smash the faith of Cordell Hull,
and it is on this faith that he is
building the hope for a better world
to come, a faith and a hope that is
refreshing amidst the gloom of the
pessimists who refuse to see any
light beyond the battle clouds that
today cloak all the far horizons.
• • •
B ritis h F a r m P ro g ra m
U n d e rg o e s C hanges
“Farming as usual” in Great
Britain.
We think of the British isles these
days as one great fortress, a tangle
of barbed wire, of trenches, tank-
traps and pill-boxes. As a matter
of fact, it is still a place where
ONE IS ENOUGH
G. L. Hinson, Jeff Davis county
(Georgia) farmer, gives full time
employment to the 15 "one-
horse" farmers operating on his
place.
"Most of my farmers are in
good circumstances,” Hinson de
clares. "They all farm from Jan
uary until January and we have
no trouble of unemployment dur
ing the winter.”
bomber. Delays are being over
Production of Planes, Naval come
in completion of a plant for
Vessels and Munitions
the manufacture of Bristol Beaufort
bombers.
Progresses Rapidly.
Speed Production Rate.
MELBOURNE.
AUSTRALIA.—
DASADENA, CALIF —A tall, wil- Australia already is committed to
T lowy figure drifted recently a war expenditure of more than
across the California scene.
He £200,000,000 in the year ending next
was headed for the solace of the June 30. This compares with £270,-
South Seas to pon 000,000 spent in the whole of the
d e r his problems last war. The new program has
and adjust himself propelled Australia into an indus
to a strange future trial revolution. At a cost of £50,-
he had never con 000,000 she has established an arma
sidered a year ago. ment industry surpassing India’s in
One of th e top magnitude of output and second
stars of his profes only to Canada’s.
More than 120,000 men enlisted in
sion, one of the
smartest, this ad the Australian imperial force, the
justment will call vanguard of which made a brilliant
for exchanging an beginning in the capture of Bardia,
annual salary of Libya. Reinforcements are being
$35,000 a year for a enlisted at the rate of 5,000 a month.
Grantland Rice pay check calling An additional home-defense army of
for $30 a month. And this is to 250,000 men is being raised, chiefly
happen after one of the greatest by compulsory enlistment of single
years he had ever known. I’m men from 19 to 33 years old.
The program for building three
speaking of Hank Greenberg of the
Tribal class destroyers and 50 mine
Detroit Tigers.
There is a big difference in what sweepers, half of which are for the
the owner of a big league ball club United Kingdom government, is pro
can pay an outstanding star and ceeding and a number of vessels al
what our Uncle Sam can afford to ready have been launched.
Air Force Stronger.
offer a private soldier. In this case
the difference happens to be 100 to I The air force is 11 times stronger
1 it you happen to get the wrong than it was before the war, having
I a personnel exceeding 40,000. A to
number in the draft.
Greenberg, for example, is older tal of £37,000,000 will be spent this
than either Bobby Feller or Joe year in development of the empire
Louis, who are not exactly starving. air scheme and in strengthening
The spin of that draft wheel hap Australia’s air defenses. Nearly
38,000 men have been enlisted under
pened to cost him $35,000 a year
which is the way it should be and has the empire scheme.
The air force was strengthened in
to be in an existence which is now
1940 by the delivery of the one-hun
a trifle cock-eyed.
Long Hank was on his way to dredth Lockheed-Hudson bomber
Honolulu when I ran across him in from the United States, as well as
specting the floral beauty of Santa hundreds of other aircraft from Brit-
Anita before taking a chunk of the [ ain for the empire scheme.
Hundreds of thousands more Aus
Pacific in his stride.
tralians have been employed in pro
Okay by Hank
duction of aircraft and munitions
“As you know,” he said, “I have and in growing food for Britain. A
a low draft number and I may be total of £15,000,000 will be spent this
called in June or early July. Which year on new munitions establish
is all right with me. From the ments. Australia maintains a steady
way things are moving there may supply of munitions to Britain and
be a lot more of us called out by also exports to New Zealand, India,
then than many people figure to thv Straits Settlements and Hong
day.”
Kong. Training aircraft such as the
Hank is already looking in the old Australian-designed Wirraway and
P. of C., sometimes known as the Tiger Moth are being produced at
pink of condition.
the rate of four a day and designs
“This season,” he said, “I hope are being perfected for a high-speed
to be in the best early season shape
I have ever known. I may not have .«{♦eJeeJaeJeeJaeJeeJeeJeeJeeJeeJeeJaeJeeJeeJeeîeeJeeJaeJeejMjeeJe^is
many weeks to travel, so I can’t af
ford to waste any time getting
started. I ought to be in good
shape, anyway, to play on some
By v.v.
army team."
There is a good chance that by
next summer army competition in
baseball will be quite sharp. And
there will be loud cheers from any
division or corps that happens to
bag the tall Tiger.
“We'll have a tough job this sea
son defending our title,” Greenberg
said. “The two toughest opponents
we must face should be New York
and Cleveland. Bob Feller can
make almost any team look good,
but Cleveland has more than Feller.
Don't forget Boudreau and Mack at
short and second.
“The Yankees are sure to be bet
ter than they were a year ago when
they got away badly. Their young
pitchers will be ready to pick up
where the veterans begin to leave
off. Through 1940 they had become
fed up with too much winning. You
know that can happen.
LBOWS are definitely in the spot
“While I still think New York and
light this season, on account oi
Cleveland are the teams to beat,
the White Sox won't be far away | so many of the swankest new
and you'll see a much better team dresses have short sleeves. And it’s
in Fred Haney’s St. Louis Browns. [ really no chore to keep your el-
The Red Sox must still get better ! bows soft and smooth. Give them
pitching. Aside from that they can a quick rub with hand lotion every
time you use it on your hands. It’s
play with anybody.”
an easy habit.
there is seed-time and harvest,
where fields are tilled and cattle are
fed. For the farmer in those be
leaguered islands, is as important
as the soldier.
However, while I was informed
by a man who has been in England
since the war started that air-raids
had not affected agriculture at all,
there are some exceptions to be not
ed. And the war has to some de
gree changed the farmer’s program.
In normal times the crowded is
lands depend largely on other lands
for their food. Now the rich meat
and dairy products of Scandinavia
are cut off, there are not enough
ships to spare from the war supply
trade to permit much shipment of
foodstuffs. But since wheat is vi
tal, animals must give place to
grain.
As a result, millions of acres of
grassland in Britain are being
turned into Wheatfields. In normal
times, live stock was the chief ag
ricultural product, but, according to
recent reports to the department of
agriculture, Britain is fast becoming
a wheat-growing nation. As the
“Wiltshire farmer,” whom I quoted
recently in these columns, said,
“farming goes on much as usual ex
cept that the harvests are heavier
and the city youths are called in to
help in the fields, replacing the men
of military age who have been called
to the colors. And meat is scarce.”
Of course, air raids have affected
the farmer little because the at
tacks are concentrated on cities and
factories. Live-stock losses, accord
ing to a recent report to the for
eign relations division of the depart
ment of agriculture, have been less
than were expected. Sheep and cat
tle, because they have a tendency to
herd, have been killed in greatest
numbers. Horses and hogs, being
greater individualists, have suffered
least. Cattle in barns are safest.
When an animal is killed by
bombs, the farmer is compensated
by the food ministry only in propor
tion as the carcass is valuable as
food. There is no compensation for
unedible casualties.
Canada's Wheat Problem.
Meanwhile inability to ship her
wheat to the mother country is pro
viding a serious problem for the Ca
nadian farmer. By the time this
reaches print, the Ottawa govern
ment may have provided an ar
rangement for paying farmers for
storing surplus wheat such as we
have in this country. Temporary
storehouses are being used and
church basements in some cases
have been used. Government fees
for storage may soon take the place
of church suppers for raising funds,
and already basements and church
parlors are being converted into
temporary granaries. The Canadian
government is contemplating the
erection of four 50,000,000-busheI ter
minals.
Under normal conditions, if the
British used their grazing lands for
wheat raising, it is said the islands
could probably become self-suffi
cient as far as breadstuffs are con
cerned, and there is some talk of
pursuing such a policy in Britain
after the war. But no one can tell
what policies any country will fol
low when the world has finally
struggled back to peace. But for the About the Tigers
“What about the Tigers?” I asked
British and Scotch farmer, the tran
sition is not difficult for he has been Greenberg.
Hank grinned. “We were picked
accustomed to alternating plowed
to finish fifth or sixth or maybe sev
land and meadow in the past.
enth last April in the South," he
said. “Still we won the pennant.
I’ll tell you why. I think we had
the finest spirit I’ve ever seen in
baseball. We hustled through every
inning of every game we played.
Cheering Theory
A profitable agriculture invaria There was no time out for inter
bly means prosperity in other in missions.
“Don’t forget we still have a good
dustries.
—Elmer Sesauer, Brookings Institution. pitching staff coming on, headed
• • •
by Buck Newsom and at least three
Any Takers?
or four fine young pitchers. We
The coming session of congress still have Rudy York’s hitting and
is not only a crucial opportunity for .his greatly improved play at first.
the farm organization—it is a chal We have three infield veterans left
lenge.
who will be just as good as they
—Representative Cannon of Missouri. were a year ago. Why? Because
• • •
they are ball players at heart—be
Don’t Root
Men, keep your heads up, the hog cause they have brains and spirit.
is the only animal that always looks They are not through.”
“Suppose you are called away
down.
—Judge Muse of Dallas.
early in June?” I asked.
• • •
"The Tigers are no one-man
They Know the Rules
The British may be tough business team,” Hank said. “I’m just an
competitors if they win the war, but other fellow out there, doing the
at least they shoot the same kind of best I can. You can never tell
in baseball. Don’t sell us too
crap we do. Hitler doesn't.
-Theodore Goldsmith, financial writer. short.”
• • •
Hank Greenberg is something
more than a fellow who bats over
Slouchy
A pitchfork with but one prong, a .340—who drives in from 150 to 180
dung-fork with a broken handle, a runs a year—who can shift from a
rake with three teeth only; these fine first baseman to a fine outfield
are the tools of Farmer Slouchy . . . er in one quick season.
“Not only as a ball player,” Fred
Alas, what of the soil without culti
vation, what of improvement with Haney of the Browns told me, “but
in the way of spirit. I'd like to have
out spirit and ambition?
nine Greenbergs on my team. I re
—Old Farmers' Almanac, 1840.
member one year when he hit camp
• • •
ahead of schedule. He asked if it
Definitions
would be all right to take a work
The Congressional Record: the out
He worked three hours a day,
most widely unread publication in when he didn't have to work a sin
America.
gle minute.”
—George Stimpson, columnist.
Nazi Air Raid Victims
Since Essing Lewis, managing di
rector of the Broken Hill Proprie
tary company. Ltd., and director
general of munitions, assumed con
trol of munitions production, assist
ed by eight other leading industri
alists. a new pace has been set in
rate of output.
Orders totaling £2,000,000 have
been placed for construction of Aus
tralian machine tools for new de
fense workshops. Motor-body and
automobile-assembly workshops are
delivering scores of vehicles to the
army daily. There is a steady sup
ply of stores and equipment for
technical units.
Factors that assisted in this im
pressive record are the steel indus
try, capable of producing more than
1,500,000 tons of high grade steel
yearly, and the manufacture of hun
A common grave is the best that can be offered 25 victims of a
dreds of components for munitions,
machine tools and aircraft in hun Nazi air raid on Portsmouth. Friends and relatives are shown gazing
sadly into the trcncb-like grave.
dreds of private factories.
Reich Bombsights Are
Found to Be Inferior
T h orn ton W Burcfess i
smart for him and has found and
dug up aU his traps?” chuckled
Sammy.
Farmer Brown’s Boy came
It's a factl I t ’s a (actl You never can tell
What a person will do. You never can tell. straight to Old Man Coyote’s home,
'T'HAT is why it is a mistake, a and as he came he whistled as if
Sammy
J. very great mistake, to judge his heart was light.
others hastily.
People often are scowled.
“I don’t see how any one can be
much better, very much better, than
you think they are. When Sammy so happy when he is trying to make
Jay looked across the Green Mead others suffer,” he muttered. “Any
ows and saw Farmer Brown’s Boy way, he’s going to be dreadfully
coming straight toward the far cor disappointed when he sees those
ner where he had been listening to traps, and I’m glad of it.”
But Farmer Brown’s Boy didn’t
Old Man Coyote’s story of how he
was taken away from his old home appear the least bit disappointed
in the great, wide, wonderful west In fact, he actually seemed glad.
and finally came to the Green Mead
ows, Sammy was sure that it was to
look at the traps set there for Old
Man Coyote. He didn't have the
least doubt in the world that Farm
er Brown’s Boy was hoping and
hoping that he would find Old Man
Coyote caught in one of them.
Since he had heard Old Man
Coyote’s story Sammy had had a
great change of feeling toward Old
Man Coyote, and he felt now as if
he fairly hated Farmer Brown's
Boy, He never had liked him, but
now he hated him. Yes, sir, that’s
the way Sammy felt. He hated any
one who would set those dreadful
steel traps
Old Man Coyote himself felt very
much as Sammy did.
He didn't
doubt that when Farmer Brown’s
W h istlin g m e rr ily . F a rm e r
Boy found that those carefully hid
den traps had been dug up and made Brown’s Boy went straight back the
quite useless he would at once set way he had come across the green
them again with even greater care meadows.
than before. Of course, it wouldn’t
do for him to stay there, so he Sammy couldn’t understand it. He
slipped away to keep out of sight. rubbed his eyes to make quite sure
that what he saw was really and
“I’ll watch and see just where he truly so. Farmer Brown’s Boy was
puts each trap, so as to tell you actually taking up his dreadful
after he leaves,” said Sammy.
traps, instead of setting them again
"AU right, and thank you,” re some place else!
plied Old Man Coyote. “I guess
“Probably he’s going to get them
I could find them just as I have somewhere else,” muttered Sammy
found them before, but if you wiU hatefully.
do that it will save me some trou
So very silently he followed Farm
ble."
er Brown’s Boy at a distance. Whis
Sammy felt very important as he tling merrily Farmer Brown’s Boy
flew to a tree a little way off, from went straight back the way he had
which he could see all that Farmer come across the Green Meadows.
Brown's Boy did. It would be great He didn’t stop once, but kept on
fun to spoil all of Farmer Brown's right to his own home and there he
Boy’s plans, and at the same time threw the traps in a corner. Then
be of real help to one so smart as he walked over to where Bowser
the Hound was lying in the sun,
Old Man Coyote.
“Won’t he be angry when he finds nursing his sore leg, the one which
how Old Man Coyote has been too had been hurt, you know, when he
(Released by Western Newspaper Union.)
stepped in one of the traps set for
Old Man Coyote.
“No more trapping for us, eh,
Bowser?” said Farmer Brown’s Boy
as he gently patted Bowser’s head.
"We’ve learned just how cruel and
dreadful it is, haven’t we old fel
low?”
Sammy Jay was too surprised to
even scream. He Just flew over to
the Green Forest to think it over.
Could it be that Farmer Brown’s
Boy had had a change of heart?
“You never can tell. You never can
tell,” muttered Sammy Jay.
FARMER BROWN’S BOY
SURPRISES SAMMY JAY
Minute Make-Ups I
WASHINGTON.—Three types
of German bombsights, obtained
from captured warplanes in
Great Britain, have been exam
ined by United States military
experts and found inferior to ours.
The sights were reported to
have been given to the United
States defense commission by the
British government
New Capital of Fashion
May Rise in the W est
LOS ANGELES.-Southern Cali
fornia is expecting a new rush and
if it materializes a new fashion cap
ital may arise in the Far West.
The Los Angeles Fashion Group,
a unit of an all-feminine interna
tional style organization, is planning
to mobilize at least 70 creative style
ideas and present them at an elab
orate fashion show on February 13.
The show, which will be preceded
by a dinner dance, will be called
“California’s Fashion Futures.”
The Fashion Group, composed of
some 50 key women in fashion work
from merchandise managers to ad
vertising directors and stylists, has
been working for weeks on a list of
California’s most noted style crea
tors.
Each of the designers will be in
vited to contribute a special crea
tion that is to serve as an indica
tion of future style trends. None
of the-designs will be for sale, since
the show is to be non-commercial,
but they will serve as future "idea-
guides” for American designers.
CheMefi the Pup
By GEORGE O HALLORAN
»
E
‘You’re in the Army Now’
There’s no sleeping after reveille when you’re In the army. Sergt
Chester Lndwiczak of the National Guard found this out after his first
night in the regular army when he was dumped out of his cot by Cor
porals William Keegan and Ed Cappelli.
bought a new picture for
C LARA
the parlor. She wanted it deliv
ered this afternoon so she could
hang it before Taffyears got home.
But he was home unusually early, so
he put up the ladder, got the yard
stick, the hammer and a pocketful
of nails and started to put up the
picture. I never knew hanging pic
tures was that much work. And not
only that. It pretty near killed him.
The ladder folded up on him twice.
He finally got the ladder up again
and the spot marked on the wall
just where he wanted to hang the
picture. He put a nail on the spot,
(Associated Newspapers—WNU Service.)
wound up with the hammer and
drove the nail and half the ham
W om an’s Little Black Bag mer right through the plaster. He
the hammer out and tried
Found to Contain $496 pulled
again, but this time he missed the
OTTUMWA, IOWA.—For many nail and smashed his thumb. Then
years Mrs. Jennie Six would go no he dropped the hammer on my tail.
where without her little black bag. While he was In the bathroom put
It was the town mystery. What was ting a bandage on his thumb Clara
in the little black bag?
put up the picture.
But no one knew until she died. (Released by Western Newspaper Union.)
It contained $496.
Fattest Man
Mrs. Six had lived at the poor-
Daniel Lamber, who died in 1809
house for some time and the bag
was her main interest in life. The at the age of 40, weighed 739 pounds
money was given to the poor fund and is reputed to be the fattest man
that ever lived.
after her death.
LABORS 26 YEARS TO MAKE PICTURE MAP OE AMERICA
DENVER —If Fred J. Kingan tlement of North America.
Started on a much smaller scale
were so inclined he would make an
and as a hobby to fulfil) a desire to
interesting teacher.
His pupils wouldn't need books. know more about the early history
All they would have to do would be of the nation, the map has grown
to look at a giant map Kingan, a far beyond his early plans and now
retired lumberman, has completed represents nearly 26 years of re
search and seven years of painstak
in his spare time.
On the map—measuring 15 feet in ing drawing and painting during his
length and 8 feet in height—Kingan spare time.
Starting with Leif Erickson's voy
has pictured a visual history of the
discovery, exploration and early set- age in 1001, he has depicted in 14
colors all the major voyages of dis
covery, the explorations of the Cab
ots, Coronado, De Soto and so on
down to Lewis and Clark, Pike,
Fremont, Custer and scores of oth
ers.
There are no state-line demarca
tions, but on each state he has paint
ed the official seal and flower, and
dotted about over the map are small
paintings of historic happenings and
personages.
A Job as a newspaper cartoonist
aroused his interest in art.
Next he turned to more serious
art and studied at the Chicago Art
Institute and from that he turned to
architecture and drafting.
It was while working as a drafts
man in Buffalo in 1914 that the idea
for his map came to him and he
continued working on it when he
went into his father's lumber busl-