Indian Nationalists Hear the Mahatma Gandhi
Child Brides in
U. S. Are Many
_________
♦----------------------------------------------------
Sage Foundation Make» Sur-
vey of Marriages.
Tbe Mabutnm Gundbl« UNnumiltm leader ui th« H k II mu luueeee» preelUiug al Um 1 hiriy-üimb Indlau ^allunai cvu
gre»* ut Belgauui bvíurv lO.UUO delegatee und many vUltors
Capital of Europe’s
Winter Playground
Nice Is Meeting Place for
Pleasure Seekers.
Washington.— Local weather condi­
tions In Europe seldom set Into Amer­
ican news.
Recently, however, mil
lions ot Americans read with interest
over their breakfust coffee that It had
rained at Nice.
Why n ruin made
cable news Is expained In a bulletin
from the Washington headquarters of
the National Geographical society.
“The unusual downpour had come
day after day during carnival WH’k
the red letter period of pleasure In
the gay 'w Inter capital of the world,'
says the bulletin, "spoiling tens of
thousand of dollars' worth of bunting
and no «ne knows how many millions
of francs' worth of gayety.
Cayety at Carnival.
r seemingly < umpresaed quarter across
! a little torrent from the newer city,
between the stream and a Liuifllke
promontory, Castle hill, whlcn wu
' the acropolis of the earliest settle­
ment. On one side of the stream are
uurrow, crooked streets, houses cen­
turies old and here and there ruined
palaces.
It Is a medieval-looking
place, but Is Inhabited by thoroughly
modern mechanics, tznm drivers and
other less opulent Inhabitants ot the
city. Un the other aide of the stream
Iles the new city with its avenues and
promenades, theaters and casinos,
sweeping uphill Inland to a one of
hotels, pa'aces und villas.
"Although many criticize Nice for
i Its modernity and Its too rapid growth,
1 all agree that Its setting on a spa
j clous, sparkling bay enfolded by
green und lavender bills, Is superb. To
see the city and Its surroundings ■ t
their best one should ride over the
I famous Grande Cornlcbe road. From
I Nice It climbs to a high shelf (the
name means ‘great cornice or shelf)
on the Inland hills overlooking the
entire region both seaward und off ‘.o
the snow-capped Alps Napoleon built
the rond between 1805 nnd 1812 to
facilitate military expeditions toward
Italy. Now It is given over almost
entirely to pleasure traffic. Over It
during thy season' whiz chur-a-buncs
nnd motor busses and private cars.
After warm weather brings nn end to
the season this road of incomparable
views Is almost deserted."
“Nice In offen caviled nt as too bois­
terous, too crowded, and too noisy,"
the bulletin goes on, "but It continues
despite nil that to be the capital of
Euro[>e's winter playground, the III
viern, Cannes draws to Its villas and
hotels those of quieter tastel Men­
tone lures Ila Invalids, while all the
other scores of resorts along this sun­
bathed Mediterranean const draw to
themselves appropriate groups of
those In search of pleasure, rest, or
health.
But Nice Is the meeting
place for all as well ns the place of
temporar. residence for thousands
who find this bustling city and well-
equipped resort, rolled Into one, ex­
actly to their liking.
TEUTONS REGAIN
“Nice's gayety rises In crescendo to
HOLD IN ITALY
the carnival which takes place Just
before the beginning of Lent cuch
spring. This more or less historic
celebration, a type for numerous fes­ Control of Textile Industry
tivals around the world, begun ns a
Again in German Hands.
modest fiesta many years ago. it be­
came nn organized celebration In 1871
Milan. Italy.—Germany, which exer­
and hns drawn Increasing crowds cised a decisive economic Influence In
since. It must lie admitted, too. that northern Italy before the war, Is rap­
It has grown In rowdyism. There are idly regaining Its ground In at least
quiet-loving souls who leave Nice for the textile Industry.
the carnival Just ns there are those
It is understood the numerous spin­
who flock there for it. The celebra­ ning mills In the neighborhood of Milan
tion centers about the battle of Cow­
J are again mostly In the hands of Ger-
ers In tl.e Promenade des Anglnls
. man capital, and that a system of
There nre parades that feature the
। cheap Italian and skilled German labor
Itldlcrous ns well ns the beautiful, I on the product hns been worked out by
and the Inevitable dominos, masqtien,
which cotton and Imitation silk goods
street songs, street dances, horns and
yield handsome profits.
confetti.
The firms about Milan Import their
"There Is n considerable English cotton from America nnd the yarn Is
colony nt Nice. It dates buck many spun by cheap Italian labor. The part­
years ns one might surmise when ho ly finished product Is then sent to the
learns that the Promenade dee Anglnls textile concerns of middle Germany,
has borne Its name since 1821. Some chiefly In the neighborhood of Chem­
of the earliest of the seekers ot winter nitz, where certain processes requiring
sunshine from the British Isles were skilled labor, such ns dyeing, tire ap­
In the modest Riviera town that year plied. Then the almost finished prod­
when nn iriusunl cold snnp ruined the
uct wanders buck once more to Italy,
orange crop. They clubbed together
from where It Is sold.
and gave the unemployed natives
The combination of cheap Italian
work by building a rond along the
seashore—the Promenade des Anglnls. and skilled German labor enables the
A wag hns Mid that this roadway whs manufacturers to set up prices that
built by the unemployed and Ims been cun compete successfully with those
used by the unemployed ever since. of other countries.
A large part of the product goes to
The chief boulevard and shopping
street In Nice Is the Avenue de In Vic- Yugo Slavin. The fact that the export­
tolre.
With its smart shops and ing country Is Italy Is an especially fa­
smartly dresnud shoppers. It Is n typ- vorable circumstance for the German
Icnl Parisian boulevard In miniature. owners, since Italy has a treaty with
"New Nice, with Its wide streets Yugo-SInvla by which her textiles enjoy
nnd bright buildings, hns grown over advantages which are not extended to
n large urea, almost obscuring quaint Germany.
old Nice. One finds the old town .n
I I I I I I I l■■l-t■■^+^l•^-l-l■■l■■l■■l^■l-l■l-l■■l■
Stealing of Sawmill
Charged Against Six
Boulder, Colo.—Stealing n saw­
mill Is the unique charge against
six men who have been Jailed In
Boulder nnd Ixmgmont.
The six men, alleged to have
been led by Ernest Hertxke, a
farmhnnd, are said by sheriff's
officers to have purloined the
lumber mill from the farm of O.
W. Pace, west of Lyons.
The officers said they found
various parts of the mill a,bout
the homes of the arrested men '
In Allenspnrk, Longmont and
I.yons, la having been disman­
tled nnd Mattered. The mill
was valued at $385.
■I I-H-H-l I-H-l-H-M-I-l I I I
; ri-+4-++-H-4-H--H-+4^^
" Boy Drags Another
From Path of Train ”
.,
• •
J*
¡I
■■
Kuffern, N. * V.—Twelve-year-
old Francis Goetschius, playing
In the yard of his home at 170
Grunge avenue, saw a younger
boy laying a stick across the
Erle railroad truck for nn up-
proaching truln to run over. The
truln was only 100 yards away.
Francis shouted, but the child
did not heed him. Francis hur
died the fence, rushed up the
embankment and dragged the
younger boy off the truck Just
us the train roured by.
The engineer, who had not
sera the boy on the track until
too late to apply his brakes.
waved to Francis, whom he rec-
ognlzed ns the son of Conductor
A. E. Goetschlus of the Erle He
told other trainmen of the boy's
bravery, but Francis would not
discuss bls act.
■ •
>
■ ’
..
;'
. .
J
■>
; ’
• •
J
• •
“
• ■
”
"i l-U I I I I I I I I I I I I H l I H |
"
..
•'
..
”
• ■
• •
'
• •
■ •
' •
!
;
.
•
.
*'
■
*
|'
TRAIN YOUTH IN
PEAK CLIMBING
Austrians
Move to Curtail
Casualties in Alps.
Vienna.—Beared in a country whos<
mountain ranges rival the peaks ot
Switzerland, the youth of Austrlu, both
boys und girls, are enthusiastic moun
tuln climbers. But this Is often a dan
gerous pastime, und each year the Alps
take heavy toll of young and valuable
lives.
To protect these venturesome young­
sters there has been organized a moun
taln-cllmblng school, with facilities for
400 students.
The Instruction Is to embrace the
oretlcal lectures and practical training
The lectures will treat of meteorology
and weather predictions, und will fur
ther deal with the comparative value
of various textures for articles of wear
and equipment for mountaineering
Then first aid and transportation ui
and down gradients In case of accl
dent, methods of sheltering from wind
avalanches, rain and snow, and lastly
nutrition nnd physical endurance, wll
likewise receive attention.
The practical training will be equally
diversified. It will demonstrate th«
best ways of conquering the man«
hindrances which place themselves In
the climbers' path, methods and utility
of roping nnd the harnessing of rocks
In rescue work nnd ascending and de
scendlng the sheer face of precipices
Lastly conies the correct handling of
picks, axes apd alpenstocks. A second
course will deal with the uses of ski«
an«l snowshoes In Alpine tours.
New York.—Mote than two-thirds
of a million persons living In the '
United States today have been child .
bride»—were less than sixteen years
it age when they married -or have
seen married to girls under that age.
Fhe great majority of these—contrary
lo popular belief —ure native white
sersona of native parentage. These
are a few of the many startling facts
revealed in an extended study of child
marring«-«, a preliminary report on
rblcli was mad* public here by tbe
lussell Suge Foundation.
Tide situation, says tbs report. Is '
due In largo measure to two causes.
The fact that many states r«-qulre no
better evidence of age than tbe affi­
davit of one of the candidates for a
marriage license, and that the legal
minimum marriageable age la still only '
twelve years for girls and fourteen :
years for boys In New York, New Jer­
sey, Pennsylvania. Kentucky. Louisi­
ana,
Virginia.
Florida,
Maryland. -
Rhode Island, Tennessee, Colorado, ■
Idaho, Maine and Mississippi.
The seriousness of the situation be-
eomes even more Impressive when It
is known »fiat tbe foundation's report
rias« s as child brides only those un­
der sixteen years of age; that it does
not take Into account tbe many mar­
riages of children over sixteen, but
under eighteen, and that the total of
367,000 child brides- and husbands of
child brides Is Increased each year by
thousands of additional child mar­
riages.
Nor have the foundation's Investiga­
tors Included In their estimates boys
married at seventeen or younger to
girls or women older than fifteen, be-
rause the number of such marriages Is
relatively small.
The investigators, acting under the
direction of Mary E. Richmond,
nationally known authority on family
welfare work, visited 90 cities In 28
states. Their field work was followed
by exhaustive statistical studies, li­
brary research and extended Inter­
views and correspondence with rep­
resentatives of social agencies. Jurists,
public officials, physiologsts and other
authorities on the many phases of the
problem.
The study, which Is still under way.
covers not only tire child-marriage
problem, but the whole subject of the
administration of marriage laws. The
sections of the report dealing with
child marriages, pre; ared by Miss
Richmond with Fred S. Hall as col­
laborator, will be published within a
few weeks and will Immediately be
brought to the attention of the leagues
of women voters, marriage-law admin­
istrators, school authorities, state and
local legislators, clergymen and social
welfare
agencies
throughout
tbe
country.
As an Illustration of the public
apathy In the matter, a section of the
report cites the fact that In 14 states.
It is legally possible for a girl to marry
at an earlier age than that at which
she Is permitted to become a wage­
earner. The marriageable age of girls
hns remained an inactive issue In
these states, says the report, while their
educational and child welfare agencies
have kept the age of leaving school
and of entering Industry a burning
one.
"Tills century has often been mis­
named 'the century of the child,’"
says the report. “In sober truth, with
a quarter of the full term behind us,
it must be acknowledged that the
Twentieth century Is no such thing;
certainly not when conditions In a
country as Intelligent as the United
States still make possible the marriage
of children.
“Such conditions constitute only a
small part of the body of evidence
against exaggerated claims of advance
In the matter of child welfare, but they
are a part which has not yet been
developed In any detail.
“In the matter of child marriages
no group In any section of the United
States has yet given serious attention
to the social effect of existing laws
and to their necessary dally adaption
in the license offices.
“It should be noted," stys the In­
troduction to the report, "that these
facts concern the general public also,
and parents more than any other one
section of the public."
Honor Memory of Last
of Hawaii’» Royal Line
Honolulu.—The birthplace of Prince
Jonah Kuhlu Kalanlanaole, last titular
member o« the former monarchy of
Hawaii, who served the territory as
Its delegate to congress for more than
twenty years. Is to be restored to the
condition in which it was 50 years ago.
Also It will be maoe a week-end and
vacation spot for members of the Or­
der of Kamehameba.
It Is situated
at Kuwalu, Koloa, island 't Kaul.
A wide stone seating place about
eighty feet long, from which the kings
and chiefs watched the hula dunces
and games In past years, remains and
will be utilized by the society.
Yanks Find Tomb
Older Than Tut’s
______
♦----------------------------------------------------
New Discovery Goe» Back to
Fourth Dynasty.
Boston.—A cable received by Dr.
George A. Reisner, professor of Egyp­
tology at Harvard and director of !
the Harvard university-Boston Museum
of Fine Arts Egyptian exposition .
definitely establishes the tomb just ,
discovered by tbe expedition near the >
Giza pyramids as being some 1,700
years older than the tomb of Tut- j
Ankh-Amen and of a period of which
little has been discovered heretofore.
The cable was from Alan Rowe, j
chief assistant of the expedition, an
Australian who has been working with
Doctor Reisner for three years.
Dated About 3,000 B. C.
The text of the cable, as extended j
by Do- 'or Reisner, was made public
as foil« os:
“The u«-w tomb reported from the
excavations of the Harvard-Boston ex­
pedition at Giza is the only 'mportant
Intact tomb yet found previous to
Dynasty VI. It is to be dated to the
time of King Seneferu, the first king
of Dynasty IV, the predecessor of
Cheops, that is. n period of 100 years
up to about 3000 B. O.
'•The new tomb is situated about
100 meters due east of the great pyra­
mid of Cheops. During the final clear­
ing of the rock surface a patch of '
white plaster was noted which covered ;
masonry consisting of massive blocks
laid In plaster. On removing the plas­
Heller Gets Help From Pygmies
Para
LOOKING FOR HIS GUN
1
■
|
i
'
।
'
j
In all big Amerlcun cities the police
are on the alert for tong men con
cerned In the killings nnd bombings.
One of the Chinese Is hese seen being
searched by policemen for weapons.
ter a stairway was disclosed filled
with blocks of stone, also laid in
plaster.
Find Alabaster Sarcophagus.
“At 8 meters down tbe shaft a
closed recess was found In the shaft
wall which consisted of a bull's head
and legs, matting and pots. At 28
meters tbe top of the burial chamber
was reached on tbe south side of the
shaft. The bottom of the shaft was
reached at 30 meters.
“On removlrj the top course of
stone In the masonry block which
closed tbe door of tbe burial chamber
the chamber was seen to be about 18
feet long by 12 feet wide. Inside was
an alabaster sarcophagus Intact and
on the coffin lay an elaborate woven
gold mat with a line of incised hiero­
glyphics, giving the name Nebtl-Sene-
feru, which seems to be the name of
tbe person buried in the coffin. The
name indicates that she was a lady,
probably a princess.
“The posts of the sarcophagus are
sheathed In gold and the floor of the
chamber Is covered with vessels of
bronze and alabaster and a quantity
cf gilded wooden furniture which Is
in bad condition.
“This tomb is not that of either
Seneferu or Cheops. It was in exist­
ence when the first pyramid at Giza,
that of Cheops, was built, and the su­
perstructure of the tomb must have
been cleared away by the architects of
Cheops when they built the causeway
which led from the valley to the tem­
ple in front of the Cheops pyramid.
The tomb Is to be dated probably to
the reign of Seneferu."
RUBBER THRIVES
IN PHILIPPINES
OOOOOOOOOOOOO0OOOOOOOOOOOC
Biggest Ranch in World
Is Owned by Woman, 93
Kingsville, Texas.—In u palace ranch
house, 150 miles from her front gate,
Ilves Mrs. Henrietta M. King, ovner
of the largest ranch In the world.
For three hours, by trnln, one rides
across be. ranch. And still a two-
hour Journey is ahead before the last
fence post of her vast estate is
reached.
The ranch comprises 1.250.000 acres
and stretches through seven Texas
counties. A grazing ground for 350.
100 head of cattle, the estate Is con­
servatively estimated as worth »50,-
000,000.
This great ranch was acquired with­
in the apace of one lifetime. Qulta
as rema-knble Is Mrs King's city—
Kingsville—known In these parts ns
the Garden of Eden, a thriving place,
where 5,500 persons live, located In
the head «enter of this great ranch.
Sirs. Louise Wise Lewis, heiress to
■ the $60.000,000 fortune of the into
Henry M. Flagler, who has enlisted
the aid of friends, detectives and at­
torneys In her attempt to combat the
apparent blackmail attempt against
herself and her young husband, Law-
; rence Lewis. The leading character
Is a governess who used to work for
her, who was recently arrested In a
southern city with diamonds, money
und letters which It was said had been
1 stolen from Mrs. Lewis.
Prof. Edmund Heller, big game hunter and chief of the mammal division
of the Field museum, Chicago, with two of the pygmies found In the Belgian
Congo. These natives are the smallest people In the world and live deep In
the Iturl forests, being seldom approachable by white men. The pygmies are
aiding Professor Heller In hunting specimens of the Okapi, a rare forest ani­
mat
Tree» Stand Force
Seasonal Typhoon».
of
Manila.—That Para rubber trees will
flourish in the southern provinces of
the Island of Luzon within the ty­
phoon belt, is the conclusion reached
by A. W. Prautch. agent of the Depart­
ment of Agriculture, who has Just re­
turned from an extensive trip through
the provinces of Albay and Camarines
Sur.
“Some 40,000 Para rubber seeds were
purchased by me in Singapore and
brought to the Philippine Islands In
1912," said the report. “The govern­
ment took a keen interest in this move­
ment to encourage rubber growing, and
I was employed several months In mak-
ng a campaign tn Camarines and Al-
buy provinces to interest the people
in the cultivation of the rubber tree.
"In most cases the seeds were given
to caretakers of distant hemp plants-
tioiis. The trees from these seeds ma-
tured, and In their turn produced seeds
which dropped, germinated and pro-
duced young trees.
“I counted more than 600 large rub­
ber trees of twenty Inches or more In
circumference, and found one tree
which measured 39 Inches In girth. I
counted 108 small rubber trees under
one large tree.
"The Impression widely circulated
that Para rubber trees will not flourish
In the area where typhoons prevail Is
a myth. It Is certain that these trees
will stand any storm, as they away In
the strongest wind like bamboo.
"I am thorovghly convinced that rub­
ber trees will thrive wherever abaca
(hemp) trees are successfully grown."