Washing Away
Big
Mountain
.......
• -
.... ......
Move 7,000,000 Yards of Dirt at
Rio de Janeiro to Make
Room for Suburb.
TO ADD 85 BLOCKS TO CITY
High-powered Pump* W**h Dirt Down
Through Flumes to the 8**—
Mountain Now Disappearing
Hao Interesting History.
New York.—Rio de Janerlo is to
have u new suburb mid to make room
for It 7JJUUJMM) cubic yards of dirt ure
to be cut»pulled Into the sou. Modern
aciepee bus once more made land
where there was open sea; sliced off
s rock-ribbed, rock girded hill ihut n
city may have better ventilation and
sanitation. Nlnce 1567, according to the
Literary Digest, the remains of the
founder of Rio de Janeiro, Estuclo de
Ku, have rested on this hill, so that
It Is regarded by the devout ns nothing
short of vundallam. But despite the
opposition of the church, u combined
counsel of medical und housing ex
iwrls has prevailed, and In less than
18 months 65 blocks of good business
property und a 20 block public park ■
will stretch along the new sea wall, '
built to keep this most recent sub
urb from slipping into the ocean.
Hays the New York Times In un
article on the subject:
"Although this addition to Itlo de
Janeiro Is often culled n suburb, It
should
be
designated
un
an
nex, for It Iles not fur from the cen
ter of the city und dose to Vsrmelha
bench, where the exposition la be’ng
held. To continue the work on the
new fill-In, begun In the curly part of
this year, big pumps which curry off
the dirt will have to operate over thj
tops of some of the exposition build
ings.
Work of Eight Years to Take Two.
“For protection against fire It line
been proposed to muke connections
with the discharge lines at convenient
points. According to engineers any
building could be flooded In ten min
utes. in this wny the machinery which
is throwing sea water against the dirt
and rock on the hilltop, washing It
down through flumes to the sea, will
serve a double purpose.
“Years ugo the work of removing
this hill was started by native con
tractors who used mule-drawn carts to
carry the dirt and stone to the sen
wull. In estimating the cost of this
work It was found thut it would «be
something like 75 cents a cubic yard
and would taken eight years. With
the high-powered pumps now Installed
It will not cost more than 25 cents a
cubic yard und will take less than
two years.
“The material to be moved Is 15 per
cent rock and 85 per cent dirt. The
rock will be removed by steam shovels
and the dirt by three pumps. One of
these pumps will take cure of four
hydraulic giants, each with a 3%-lnch
stream at the nozzle. Twelve of these
giants will shoot the earth from the
top of the fill to the fill-In. A sen wall
three miles long mid about half a mile
wide has been constructed to receive
the debris.
"Close to the new land being made
along the water front will stand the
permanent United States embassy
building now under construction by a
New York firm."
Became One of the Stone*.
The mountain now disappearing has
an Interesting history, we are told.
The writer suys of it:
"In the year 1555 a Frenchman ar
rived with a band of Huguenots tn
the Bay of Itlo de Janeiro, und here
In this landlocked bay the first Prot
estant service in the Americas was
said to have been held by t’ ese
wandering sailors.
To expel these
Frenchmen, the Portuguese governor
at Bahia sent his nephew, Estuclo de
Sa, to found a settlement on Guana-
bora hay. In 1567 Sa was killed by the
French. The little village he founded
was then moved to the top of the hill
where the Church Sao Sebastlao was
begun In the year of Estaclo de Sa’s
death. Here It hus stood all through
the years, und here hus rested the
remulns of Estuclo.
"Now the old church must come
down to make room for the growing
city. The district around it bus de
generated until Morro de Custello Is
sold to be Inhabited by the poor, tiie
shiftless und the vicious. The slums
of Itlo de Janeiro ure usually on 1'ie
hills, for the rich do not like to walk
—In fact, will not wulk in the beut
und the sun.
“in 1881», after the full of the mon
archy, removal of the cupllal wus con
sidered to some other location on ac
count of yellow fever. This disease
Ims been cleared out of the country,
und a satisfactory system of sanita
tion Instulled. That certuln portions
of the hill slums would not submit to
the usuul health regulations Ims been
a sore point. Sojourners on Morro de
Castello have been a law unto them
selves In u measure, und it Is only
when modern science is tuking their
idli from them thut these feudal
dwellers ure at lust being forced to
’pitch their tents' where they will not
be a menace to the city's health."
Firemen Cut Hole in
Chimney to Save Man
TO FELLOW WELSHMAN
Hoback Canyon Highway, Trail of Romance, Dedicated
Judge George W. Maxey of Kcrnn-
ton. Po^ on board thè steamshlp Moie
retatila, just bi fore he set sali for
looking through one of the mountain rock formations onto the opening of a trail of romance the Hoback Can
Englund to bear to Lioyd George fron» yon highway through the very heart of the West of old-time tradition, between Rock Springs and Kemmerer. Wyo„
thè Welsh societies of America thè and the south entrance of Y’ellowstone National park, through the Jackson s Hole region. The road was officially
message whlch he Is holding.
dedicated by Gov. Robert D. Carey of Wyoming at a ceremony In which Congressman F, W. Mondell and other
celebrities were participants.
TAKrN
FOR
EVIL
SPIRITS
Flyer*, Drifting After Fall Into Sea,
Shunned by Native* of
Britlah India.
Tricks Cities
Into Oblivion
reached a pitch wiiere a group of
young LaPlata bloods stole into Port
Tobacco one night and burned the fine
old brick courthouse. Inasmuch as the
county must bear the expense of erect
ing a new building. It was urged suc
cessfully that it might as well be built
In the new town, and it was. Today the
few old missions of Port Tobacco,
the ruins of the courthouse, the tum-
bled-down remains of the hotel and
even portions of the marble fountain
are grass-grown and lonely—well-fit
ted to Goldsmith’s description of the
deserted village.
Deserted by Stream.
Piscataway was a port on an estu
ary of the Potomac not far from
Mount Vernon. It is perhaps the best
preserved of the three typical lost
cities. It would not be possible to get
even a canoe up the stream which In
the old days bore ships big enough to
cross the Atlantic. Piscataway is at
least three miles from navigable wa
ter. The town is some fifteen miles
from the nearest railroad and, there
fore, is about as deserted a ghost of
colonial days as can be found.
It has several very beautiful man
sions. Some of them stand starkly
empty, with loose shutters banging in
the wind. One or two are still kept up
by survivors of the old families that
once flourished there, and a few are
used as tenement houses by negroes.
The single tiny store and post office
could not live were it not supported by
the surrounding country, for the port
which once had merchants who sent
ships to England now has not to ex
ceed a hundred souls.
Die* With the Farm*.
Yorktown Is across the bay on the
Virginia shore. Its fate is attributable
to somewhat different causes. Its wa
ter highway, the York river, has not
filled up, for the current and tide are
extremely rapid at that point. But
the washing away of the topsoil ! is
Impoverished the farms. Yorktown
once was the port of entry for Phila
delphia and New York, being regarded
as an Important place. Today it has
a population of 300, half negro. Yet
its harbor, the mouth of the York riv
er, Is one of the most magnificent in
this country. During the war the At
lantic fleet anchored in the harbor of
the little town, and after the armis
tice more than a thousand shipping
board vessels were moored there. The
harbor is 80 feet deep.
But progress nas tricked these cities
into oblivion. The very activity and
prosperity of the early days hastened
their decay. The more industriously
the planters plowed to produce the
wealth on which the cities throve the
more surely was their tate being
sealed.
London.—Cnpt. Norman MacMillan
has cabled the Daily News from Chit
tagong, British India, a vivid account
of the experiences of himself and
Lieutenant Mallins after their air
ern branch to the port which was a
plane had fallen Into the a-a In their Prosperity and Activity of Early city long before Wasnington was even
attempt to continue a projected flight
planned. Today no craft larger than
Days Hastened Decay of
around the world started" by Maj. W.
a small motorboat can get up as far as
T. Blake, and now definitely aban
Once Noted Ports.
Bladensburg and, after a dry spell,
doned.
even such a small boat Is likely to
The airmen were forced down by en
ground.
gine troutile. For 50 hours they drift
Thriving Port Near Extinction.
ed about In the shark-Infested waters
Bladensburg was a thnvmg port of
and their despair became complete
entry, a great “tobacco shipping point.
when the crew of a native brig passed
them In the evident belief that they Erosion of Land, Due to Cultivation, It boasted hotels and warehouses and
numerous beautiful colonial mansions,
Fills Once Navigable Stream* and
were evil spirits.
several of which still stand. Today it
Despoil* Soil of Its
The naval launch which Jnally res
is a village of small population and
cued them was on the point of passing
Fertility.
probably would have disappeared al
also, thinking the airmen were native
together were it not for the fact that
g 1 fishermen.
Washington.—Men have been build
it is near Washington.
ing cities and deserting them from
Probably the most interesting of the
time Immemorial. The usual causes lost cities is Port Tobacco. Old maps
are military and economic. Carthage, of Maryland show this place marked
one of the greatest cities of early with the large star or circle as Indi
times, was utterly destroyed after the cating an important center. Mary
Punic wars waged by the Romans. Vir landers lean strongly on tradition and
ginia City, Nev., was deserted because even today the maps show Port
the mining Industry which made it Tobacco as a second-class city. Not
a substantial municipality lapsed upon more than three families live there
the exhaustion of the lode. But here at present.
In the East is a group of cities which
Fort Tobacco, obviously, was one of
Health and Education to Be trained In nursing nnd welfare v ork. i have fallen from their previous impor the busiest of the tobacco exporting
Thus It Is hoped to lay the foundation I tance by the operation of the forces
points. It stood on an estuary of the
Given Greater Consideration
for asking congress for an spproprla- • of nature.
Potomac. From it radiated the roads
tlon
to
enable
the
bureau
to
employ
The great mass of the people of the peculiar to southern Maryland, roads
by the Government.
on the reservations women of a high United States, being distributed so
er grade for matrons and general field widely over the expanse of the new over which the planters rolled their
huge hogsheads of tobacco. Its court
service.
territory of the West, lacks tlie envir house was the pride of that section.
"There Is a great opportunity," : onment to create a realization of the
Its hotel was the social center of the
Commissioner Burke said, “for improv antiquity of the Eastern section. It is
country. In its public square was a
ing home conditions an.ont, Indians difficult for the màn in Chicago to
Nurses Will Show Value of Welfare and for teaching sanitation nnd look realize that the eastern Americans marble fountain and its warehouses
occupied wide spaces. It was an im
Work on Reservation* — 20,000
ing after the health of children. One have lived on this soil for as long a
portant colonial port. Today It Is not
nurse
will
be
stationed
on
the
Pine
period under the British flag ns under a port at all. There is no water at
Children Not Now in School,
Ridge and Rosebud reservations In the American—that the period extend
6,000 Never There.
Port Tobacco. The stream has been
South Dakota; the two others will go ing from the first settlement of the
filled In by erosion to such an extent
Washington.—Plans to improve the to the Southwest, and work among eastern seaboard up to the American that its banks are half a mile away
the
different
Indians
In
Arizona
and
Revolution was as long ns that from from the town.
condition of Indians, with particular
the Revolution to the present day.
regard to health and education, are New Mexico.
Now a Deserted Village.
Prosperity Saps Life.
being worked out by Commissioner
Tak* Up Education.
Port Tobacco clung to its traditions
More than three centuries of human
of Indian Affairs Burke with the ap
"Another subject that Is tecelvlng a
for some years after its water high
bring
about
curious
proval of Secretary Fall. An Increase great deni of attention Is that of edu occupation
way had deserted it because it was
In the estimates for the In Ilan bureau cation—building up the schools al changes in the habitations of men. the county seat. LaPlata, a new and
probably will be asked In the next In ready In the service. Increasing the When the country was first settled the growing town some three miles away,
dian appropriation bill.
attendance to their full capacity, and soil was virgin and for the most part which had sprung up when the rail
The American Bed Cross, nt the re- strengthening the personnel. An In covered with dense forests. The pio road came through, was jealous of
qneat of the Interior department, re crease In the estimates for education neers built their primitive houses on Port Tobacco’s courthouse. LaPlata
cently assigned three trained nurses will be submitted. In the hope that the banks of streams because the argued that Port Tobacco was declin
to the Indian bureau for one year, as congress will respond in view of the streams were their easiest roadways. ing and herself growing and peti
They felled the trees and planted their tioned the legislature to move the
the first step In Commissioner Burke's demand.
program. In addition, plans for en
"The Interior department nnd the corn and tobacco and, in the course of county seat. But tradition was too
larged school facilities to educate 20.- Indian bureau are giving mu-h atten years, ports sprang up by the water strong and the courthouse stayed at
000 children of school age not now In tion to health conditions at the sever side and became thriving cities. The Port Tobacco.
school are being worked out.
Ap al Indian schools and upon the differ farms reached farther and farther
The jealousy of LaPlata was not
proximately 6.000 of this number be ent Indian reservations, and the pres back into the wilderness, large areas abated and, the legend says, finally
long to the Navajo tribe and have
ent policy Is to try to have at least being cleared of timber.
never been to school.
Southern Maryland furnishes an ex
one hospital on every reservation with
Will (Survey Conditions.
a capacity sufficient to care for the cellent example of such development.
The nurses assigned to the Indian
sick, and particularly Indians that are Its soil is loamy and was extremely
service, it was said at the Indian bu
very aged nnd infirm and without fertile. As, year after year, the gently
reau. would survey conditions on
mentis or homes where they can be rolling hillsides were plowed, the soil
Teservntl >ns and demonstrate what
comfortably and properly cared for." was loosened and the rain of each
may be accomplished by women
year washed it down into the streams.
Three centuries of this erosion gradu
*------------------------------------------------ # ally have filled up the streams. The
riverside and bayside cities which once
Eloper Tells Wife
throve on the shipping of the products
to Marry Rich Man
of the farm did not keep up with the
erosion of the land. The result was
Bowertown, Pa.—When he left
that the streams filled year by year
his wife to elope, it is believed,
until the channels were clogged and
with a sixteen-year-old, Charles
what once were noble waterways now
L. Miller, thirty-three, left a note
are narrow creeks.
saying he was willing to pay the
Soil and Stream* Ruined.
expense if she wanted to get a
This erosion, which wns despoiling
divorce, advising her to marry
the rivers, the highways of commerce,
a rich man next time and send
also wns washing off the rich, fertile
ing her lots of kisses.
top soil. Therefore the land which
It is Thought they may have
produced the crops, the object of com
crossed the border Into Canadian
merce, disappeared in company with
territory.
the streams. It wns inevitable thnt
Miller left In a motor car,
the cities should decline with both
which he abandoned in Leb
their menns of commerce and the com
anon, with Instructions that It
modities of commerce tnken away by
be turned over to his wife. A
this operation of natural forces set in
week before he had sold his
motion by the plow.
brick house In New Berllnvllle.
When the Romans took Carthnge
Miller has a son, Curtis, thir
they tore down the buildings, sowed
teen, and a daughter, Edna,
salt upon the site and plowed it under.
nine.
The lost cities of southern Maryland
In front of her home nearby.
no less have been plowed under. There
Miller stopped his car and
are three excellent examples of these
picked up Edith II. Clark, six
places, Bladensburg, Port Tobacco and
Rnlph Hudson, David Genter, Everett Folger and John Thompson (the
teen, schoolgirl. He wrote an
Piscataway.
Intter nn ace In the British flying corps during the war), ex-service men of
eight-page letter to his wife be
Group of Lithuanians at the White House, where they went to present
Bladensburg was a port to the
Hamilton Park, n suburb of Chicago, are on their wny to Wyoming to take
fore leaving home, which he
wharves of which came great mer President and Mrs. Harding with a huge basket of flowers. The delegation
up ex-service men's land claims. They nre traveling tn a machine of the
mailed from Lebanon.
chant ships from England that sailed was sent by the Lithuanians of Chicago to pay tribute to President Harding
vintage of 1910, nnd they wnnt the world to know that they served In the
up
the Potomac and followed its east- j for aiding them in securing recognition of the Lithuanian government.
late war and have decorated their flivver accordingly.
..............................
..................... *
Vhen Samuel Giron, twenty-
seven years old, of Trenton
Junction, N. J., jum|s-d down a
chimney at his home while
dreaming, it required an entire
company of Trenton firemen to
release him. Giron recently was
released from un Institution and
It wns while dreaming that the
hospital guards were chasing
him that he fled from his tied
to the roof, lie jumped in the
chimney, became fast, and the
firemen were appealed to. After
trying to pull the man out with
ropes. It was found necessary
to cut a hole in the chimney.
Giron was nearly suffocated, but
was revived.
Plan to Help
Indian Wards
RED CROSS WILL AID BUREAU
War Veterans Going After Land
NOW ARE DESERTED VILLAGES
Lithuanians Say It With Flowers