f
Woodsmen’
No Longer High
O--------- --- ----------------------------------------
Reaotion in Maine From War
Boom Sends Lumber Prices
Down Toward Normal.
TWO MEN FOR EVERY JOB
Homs Builders Will Rsjolcs, but Pulp
Mills Darner Most of the Output
Employers Now Can Got Their
Pick of Men.
Bangor.—The duy of fabulous wages
f>>r woodsmen I* past, und Instead of
Jolis hunting men—men of uny kind
ut almost any price—the hunting Is
now done by the men, for there ure
nt least two of them to one Job. Every
day now, the sidewalks of lower Ex
change nnd Washington streets ure
thronged with woodsmen, waiting for
something to turn up, und the employ
ment agents nre having their pick of
the men at prices not more than half
those pnld a year ago.
In olden times the best of native
woodsmen were glad when November
came around and n long winter facet!
them, to get *10 to *25 n month to go
into the woods, walking most of the
50 to 100 miles from Bangor to the
scene <>f operations with their bags
on their bucks, ami satisfied with it
bunk In a log house and a diet com-
(tosed chiefly of pork and beans. They
went to work nt the first streak of
dawn and kept nt it ns long ns they
could Sts a tree.
Wag«« Wars Low.
In that day the prl«-e of spruce
atumj'Sge (the right to cut) was *1.25
t<> *2 js-r thousand feet und n very lib-
crnl scale nt that. The men who drove
the logs <lown the boom got *1.75 to
*2.50 n day. nnd they were experts,
every one.
The rafters nt Bungor,
the ovi-rlinulers. the sawmill men und
everybody else who touched the log
or the lumlicr worked long hours at
low «tip*- the sawmill men from
dawn to dusk for *30 n month nnd
board.
Vessels curried the lumber
from Bangor to Boston for ns little
ns *1.23 js-r thousand feet, seldom
more than *1.75; to Long Island ports
for 50 cents more and to New York
for *2.25 to *2.75.
On this basis of cost of production
estimating the price of the logs in
lioom nt *6 to *9 ¡>er thousand feet
for hemlock mid *10 to *13 for
spruce, lumber wns no chMp thnt nl- j
most anyone could afford to build a
house nnd mechanics In Bangor and
the towns along the river Improved
the ppportunlty of cheap lumber mid
cheap land to get homes for them-
Today everything Is very different.
There had been a gradual Increase i»e-
fore the wnr of stumpage rates, wages
and other costs, nnd liimlu-r wns costly
enough when the war enme on, largely
through the advent of the pulp mills,
which from Miiall beginnings in the
eighties Increased their Held und scope
of operations until In 1915 they owned
immt of the desirable timber hinds
nnd were eating up rather more thnn
hnlf of the 800,000,000 feet of spruce
cut in the state.
Then the war set things foster
thnn ever. Wages were first to go sky
ward, owing to the difficulty of getting
help.
Men who could not sjienk n word
of English nnd were almost too lazy
to move got *3 n tiny nnd bon rd for
cutting four-loot pulp wood, or *2.73
to *3 a cord when working by the
piece and paying their own board, at
the rate of 75 cents to *1 a day.
Some of these pieceworkers made ns
much ns *180 to *200 a month, n few
even more. Most of this was sjient
In Bangor for whisky, motor rides nnd
other enjoyments, or lost In gambling.
Bottom Fell Out.
Then, In the curly fnll of 1920, the
bottom begun to fail out.
Peeled
pulp wood fell from *31 a cord to
*21, nnd rough from *23 to *13, while,
with un overstock on hand every
where, cutting operations were cur
tailed one-half,
Woods wages went
down with n bang but the bottom was
not ranched. This summer the decline
hns continued nnd woods wagon are
down to *1.75 n duy, in some sections
as low as *1.50, with board, while
pulpwood sawyers working by the cord
nre getting Instead of *2.75 to *3.50
n cord, *1.75 nnd occasionally *2, und
paying their own board at the rate of
75 cents to *1 n day. Even at these
prices there nre thousands Idle.
Spruce lumber, which at one time In
1919 reached **13 and *65 per 1,000
fret.
now quoted at *45 to
|H» for dimensions and *30 to *13
for randoms, ami the otdy thing that
prevents n Birther slump Is the de
mand of the pulp mills, which now
Mt Up fully 711 per Cent of the log crop.
On the west branch of the Penob
scot, which hi the old days yielded
50,1 MM 1,000 feet or more of long logs,
scarcely n stick was cut last winter
for sawmills, jirnctlcully the entire out
put, 1*4,000,000 feet being In four-foot
lengths, for the (Irrat Northern Pajs-r
company. It Is the same story every-
where—the pulp mills monopolizing
the log cut, and ns long ns this de
mand continues lumber cannot be any
thing like ns cheap us it once was,
whatever the cost of labor.
SAPPHO REINCARNATED
Feverish activity today features the reconstruction of the battle-wrecked parts of Flanders. This photograph
the buUd‘‘r* 'Forking among the ruins of Ypres, and was taken by an American Red Cross official, who was
accompanying the American Legion delegation on Its totir of France and Belgium.
4» *******************#*******^*^^4
Check Signed U. R. Acrook
Goes Through Banks
Loveland, Colo.—Some crook
whh a sense of humor succeed-
ed hi passing n check for *230
<>n an Akron (O.) rubber flrm
that wan written on a counter
check of the First National bank
here. It was signed U. R.
Acrook and Indorsed by several
banks before It got buck hero,
and It was discovered there was
no such account In the local
hunk.
Thia girl, Juanita Olivette of New
York, Is certain that she Is the re-
Incarnation of Sappho. At the age of
six she climbed on her mother's knee
nnd said; “Mamma, I have found
myself. Who, or what, was Sappho?"
Since then she has written thousands
of lyrics and |>alnted ninny charming
canvases. She Is now only fourteen
years old. Her father, who keeps a
curio shop, hns been nn actor, ma
gician, newspaper mnn nnd artist.
“I am as old ns time,” says Juanita.
“I have been since the beginning.
Once I was Sappho. I am again Sap
pho relncnrnate."
U. S. Tells How
to Save on Fuel
Ignorance of Care of Furnace Re
sponsible for Much Waste,
Says Bulletin.
SEALING CRACKS SAVES HEA1
structed so that the heat is held In ;
that the air be kept moist ; and that
enough fresh nlr be admitted either
continuously or from time to time to
avoid the discomfort or unhealthful
conditions due to accumulation of car
bonic acid gns. In selecting fuel, the
bulletin suggests that different kinds
and sizes of coni be trl<>d out.
Should Be Properly Installed.
Average House Owner BurnsToo Much
Coal, Principally Because He Does
Not Know How to Regulate
His Heater.
Washington.—The average house
owner burns too much coal, principally
because he does not know how to
regulate his heater, say engineers of
the United States Department of Agri
culture In Farmers' Bulletin 1194.
“Operating a Home Heating Plant,’
published by the department. Many
rural homes nre now provided with
furnaces, and the publication was pre
pared as n guide to their efficient
operation, particularly In getting the
most hent out of the fuel nnd In milk
ing the home ns healthful ns possible.
The satisfactory nnd efficient heat
ing of homes, according to the bulletin,
requires; That the chimney flue lie of
proper size nnd In the proper place;
that the proper heating equipment be
Installed correctly; that'the plant lie
understood thoroughly and operated so
that It gives the most hent from the
fuel consumed; that the house be con-
Congressman Free’s Proud Boast
The best nnd highest-priced heater
Improperly Installed may give less sat
isfaction thnn the poorest nnd cheap
est put In correctly, snys the bulletin.
For this reason a mnn known to under
stand his business should install the
plant. In selecting the furnace, consult
owners of homes who haAe had ex
perience In operating furnaces of dif
ferent types.
Practically all heating plants have
four dampers. A draft damper In the
d<*»r of the nsh pit Is ojtened to admit
nir through the Are, which causes it
to burn rapidly. A check damper lo
cated In the smoke pipe Is opened to
admit cold air Into the flue, thus Inter
fering with the draft nnd retarding the
burning of fuel In the heater. The
damper located In the feed door Is used
for the same purpose. Through It cold
nir Is admitted directly over the Are.
and If ojtened wide. It acts as a check.
When regulated properly. It admits just
sufficient nlr to supplement that ad
mitted through the draft damper and
causes more perfect combustion of the
fuel. The smoke pipe damper Is lo
cated between the furnace and the
check draft, and can be used to control
the draft above the fuel In windy
weather or nt night.
Ashes should not be permitted to ac
cumulate In the nsh pit. as this retards
the draft and the heat causes the grate
bnrs to become wnrped nnd hent. As a
rule It Is not necessnry to shake down
the ashes more thnn once or twice n
day, except In very cold wenther. nnd
shaking should be stopped ns soon ns
live spnrks begin to fnll Into the ash-
pit..
Sealing Cracks Saves Heat.
í
I
Belgians Busily Rebuilding the City of Ypres
It Is economy to seal the crocks
about doors nnd windows with weather
strips, and where the weather Is un
usually cold, storm sash Is recom
mended. With a wind velocity w>f
fifteen miles nn hour n crock of threo-
thlrty-seconds of nn Inch, which is
much less thnn the average for doors
nnd windows, permits the passage of
about one nnd one-half cubic feet of
nir n minute for every llnenr foot. An
ordlnnry double sash window (thirty-
six Inches wide nnd seventy-two inches
high) would thus admit thirty cubic
feet of nlr n minute. In n room ten
feet wide by twenty feet long having
two windows of this kind, there would
be required approximately RO per cent
more hent units to heat It properly
thnn If the entrance nf the nir was
controlled and a complete change al
lowed once every hour.
In addition to maintaining n proper
temperature, the moisture present In
the nlr la a great factor In heating
homes. The water pan In the furnace
should always be kept filled, nnd other
menns provided for the evaporation of
water In the living room. Not only are
A new distinction is claimed by Congressman Arthur M. Free of Califor rooms In which the nlr hns n high per
nia, who is serving his first term In the house, that of having two sets of centage of moisture more economically
twins? In addition to another son. The photograph shows him with his five heated, but living conditions nre more
children.
healthful.
Czar’s Officers
Form Red Army
Trotzky Tells How Great Soviet
Military Force of 5,000,000
Men Was Organized.
VEIL OF SECRECY IS RAISED
SHE WON BEAUTY PRIZE
The Czecho-Slovaklan divisions of
the Austrian army during the war had
passed over Into our ranks, We had
stationed them on the Volga. Stirred
up by Savinov and the revolutionary
socialists they rebelled and occupied
Kazan, Slmbrisk and Samara.
Directed Attack on Simirsk.
“Toukhatchevsky, a former czarist
First Created as Several Armies, Each officer, converted to Bolshevism when
he was a prisoner in Germany, direct
Supported by Small War Council
ed our first army against Simirsk;
Which Wielded the Power of
' atsetis, a Lett, who was our first
Life and Death.
generallisslmo, lead the fifth against
Paris.—The curtain of secrecy be Kazan. They were poor armies, hav
hind which the Russian Reds organ- ing from 6,000 to 8.000 bayonets each.
“We mobilized the communists first,
Ized the great soviet army of five
then
six classes in the Volga govern
million men which enabled the mill-
tary directors of communism to beat ment. The order was: ‘Victory or
Here is Mme. Marchal, who was
off or defeat all exterior and Inte- death.’ The peasants came In crowds voted the most beautiful woman in
rior enemies during the past three to fight against the whites, but they the flower fete at Aix les Bains
years, except drought and fumine, is lacked confidence in their own forces. France. She was awarded a prize
“I was installed in a train pro of 15,000 francs.
lifted by Trotzky, according to the
tected
with sand bags and defended
Paris organ of Communism, “L'Hu-
manlte,“ which newspaper prints an by a cannon and machine guns. An
Interview with the military director other train followed carrying 300 cav uated Kazan. The following day,
alry, an airplane, a’garage car for Toukhatchevsky took Simirsk. Out
for Russia.
Trotzky gives credit for organiza five automobiles, wireless, jirinting ma army then finally gained confidence.
tion to the old officers of the czarist chines; in fact, a little military city. Since then it has known only success.
“At the beginning Savinkov, Kap
“Then the true work of organization
regime who turned reds. The soviet
pel
and Fortiunatov were so sure of began. Our partial mobilizations, in
army was created us several armies,
and each supported a small war coun success that they had already an all, were insufficient. We began to
cil, which wielded the power of life nounced It. They surrounded us with mobilize regularly by classes. The
or death. The defeat of the "White'’ 1,000 men. We dug trenches and un number of objectors diminished. Bill
a siege and finally repulsed boards, meetings, satirical plays, tri
army in the Volga region in 1918 af derwent
them.
bunals—all means of recruiting were
forded sufficient enthusiasm to build
"In order to profit from our ad used. We recalled the former czarist
the greater armies. Trotzky says:
“The army was Instituted in prin vantage I risked a dangerous coup officers. The French revolution had
with the aid of Raskolnikov, a young used barely half of the 15,000 officers
ciple by a decree signed January 15,
1918, by Lenin and Ills war and naval officer of the Bolshevik marine who is ’ of the king, but out of our million
we used hundreds of thousands. It is
commissaries, Dybenko and Podovis- now representing us In Afghanistan.
“Raskolnikov had brought from true that some of them became trait-
ky. I was then negotiating the Brest-
Lltovsk peace treaty with Germany as Cronstadt by the canals four old tor- ors. Our 11th Division of Nigni-Nov-
minister of foreign affairs, and It was jiedo boat destroyers. We both aimed gorod, for example, our pride, was
to annihilate the enemy fleet which massacred In the spring of 1919, dur-
in March that I began my duties.
“There was nothing left of the old was composed of armor-plated barks Ing the rebellion of the Cossacks of
nrmy then ; men had gone home, the carrying cannons, laying broadside off Krasnov, because of the concentrated
materials lay scattered everywhere, Kazan. A turn of a river around a treason of the chiefs. We arrested
abandoned where the trains happened hill separated us. At one o’clock in the families of the officers and held
to stop. The local soviets, barely or the morning we entered the narrow them as hostages.
“We created commissaires of the
ganized, telegraphed me ‘We have ten channel with the first destroyer and
cannon. . .
We have an avi- were lucky enough to set fire to an army. But the soviet congress ranked
oil tank in one of the barks.
them only after the generals in chief.
atlon pnrk.
. Ten soldiers. . . .
“Our other destroyers could not Join We have placed them in all the divi
Five sailors,
’ Everything was in
us and it is still a mystery to me sions, brigades, regiments, and have
a muddle.
“My bureau was at Smolny. People how we were able to escape. Prob added in each company "political
came from all corners of the country: ably the fire prevented the scared en guides' to sustain their decrees. In
We returned each army two commissaires and the
'Give us shoes!
Don't you need a emy from seeing us.
colonel?' they asked. It was exact without difficulty with only our rudder commandant formed the war council.
broken.
Though they were responsible for all
ly like the description made by LIs-
Gain Confidence.
treason, their decrees were inviolable,
sagarny of the war ministry under
“The effect was enormous. At dawn, and possessed absolute power of life
the French commune. It was not easy
to establish order. I had no compe after a short battle, the whites evac- and death over all.”
tence nnd thought first of accepting
the aid of foreign missions who hoped
to bring us back Into the European
wnr. Eventually, however, a comrade
of the party, Bontch-Brouevitch,
brought his brother, a czarist general,
to me. I asked him to construct a
general staff after putting him under
the watch of two communists. He
filled his office perfectly.
Japanese Embassy in Washington
Raises Cries of Treason.
“With his help we began to clear
up the situation. But do you see the
effect? A czarist general? People be
gan to cry ‘treason’ and refuse to obey
me.
The central committee, fortu
nately, understood me and aided me.
In order to establish discipline we In
flicted rigorous punishments.
“All sorts
men offered themselves
to me: Brigands nnd part brigands.
One man, who came with a little troop,
had his pocket full of gold and watch-
es. lie was shot. There were also
spies nnd secret agents. Anny by-
glene had to be revolutionized.
“Everywhere Interesting problems
came to light. When a colony had
been established, a local federal In
stinct mixed with It, with the result
that we would have an army of the
town of Tver
of Vladimir. The
general disgust of militarism every-
where hindered nll co-operation.
“Flnnlly In May the essential part
of the apparatus was put on its feet;
seven regions had been constructed
with their governmental subdivisions,
their cantons nnd volosts.
“I did not dare to begin with com
pulsory military service; voluntary
service sufficed. We then had about
200,000 men, mostly former soldiers,
nnd members of the Jeunesses com
This building, the Japanese embassy In Washington, will be a busy
munists. The Czecho-Slovaklan af place during the conference on limitation of armaments and Far Eastern
fair, however, enme to our aid.
questions. The Japanese delegation 'will number about two hundred, and
“You remember that adventure? many of the party will be accommodated In one of the large hotels.