¡PORTLAND-CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT
The sixth of a series of ten articles upon the paving situation in Oregon
In the first five articles we have
,I)r somewhat thoroughly into the
‘ i t of bituminous pavements.
* ,n this article we will take up
, ,’rtland-cement concrete pavements.
I he first concrete pavement m
the United States was laid at Belle-
Lntaine, Ohio, in 1893 This paye-
has been in constant use for
, lOt, a quarter of a century, and
till in good condition; yet main-
u nance charges have been prac-
, aly nothing over this long period
time The success that has at-
ended our first resort to concrete
a road material has caused much
‘„ention to be given to portland-
,, Hi nt concrete roads, bo that at
,i,e present time there is a far
^,-ater mileage of concrete than
bituminous roadways being laid
¡n ,|ii> country. Moreover, the con-
, nt|v increasing demand shows
¡bat concrete roads have given good
service, and won adherents where-
, \ , r they have been put in properly.
But of course concrete pavement
ba„ its disadvantages as well as
it. advantages.
Portland-cement concrete roads
i,,uMst of crushed rock or gravel,
• and and portland cement. The ce
ment. of course, acts as the binder
to the crown contour desired in the to be mixed, the mixing also must I gravel, and the wearing surface, , materials. These are cracks in the
finished roadway. Then a grouting, cost less. L u c k i l y the Hassam which was two inches thick, con pavement, and uneven wear of the
Experience in
or batter, of portland cement, sand patents expire only a few years sisted of one part portland cement J concrete surface.
to one part sand. This, as can be i Wayne county and elsewhere has
and water is poured over the from now.
Both Hassam and ordinary port- seen, is a mixture rich in portland 'shown that if expansion-joints are
crushed rock until all open spaces
between the rock fragments have land-cement concrete are laid six 1 cement. Since 1893 various grades placed at regular intervals, and
been filled. The »working of the inches thick according to city o f, of mixtures have been tried. Most these joints are properly armored
grouting into the pavement s aided j Portland specifications, but in parts of these concrete pavement; have and protected from the jar of pass
by v^ntinually .running a steam ; of the city where traffic is light proved successful, but there have ing vehicles, large cracks can be
Investigation prevented from forming, while the
roller over the area of crushed rock Hassam "B" pavement, which is five been some failures.
that is being treated. For the roll instead of six inches thick, is per has shown that the failures have , small cracks that do appear have
H a u a n ; W h a t i t ia and i t * A d v a n ing tends to shake or tamp the mitted. In the city of Portland been due either to the use of poor little effect upon the wearing qual
tage*.
mixture, causing the batter or grout iconcrete pavement is mixed in the materials, or, as was more generally ity and durability of the pavement.
Unevenness of wear is handled
Concrete pavements, just as in the to settle better into the open spaces 'proportion of one part portland ce- the case, because a mixture too low
in.;nt by volume to two parts sand in portland cement was tried. But in two different ways. These may
case of bituminous pavements, are of the pavement.
divided into patented and un
The truth is that Hassam does land four parts crushed reck. On in general it ran be said that when be designated as the Ann Arbor
patented types, Hassam is the name have notable advantages over ordi 'the Multnomah County road-work I ever a 1:2:4, or richer, mixture i and the Wayne County methods.
of the patented concrete pavement nary concrete pavement, although the .the proportion used is that which has been used satisfactory results Ann Arbor met the condition of
Experience uneven wear that appeared in its
that has been used most extensively makers of portland cement are re I has been decided upon in Wayne have been obtained.
in Oregon. The difference between luctant to admit this, for Hassam j County, Michigan, where in the vi has also shown that it costs more concrete streets by coating the con
Hassam and ordinary concrete pave does not require so much cement cinity of Detroit more concrete pave to lay pavement in two courses crete at time of laying with bitum
ment is fundamental. Ordinary con as does ordinary concrete pavement ment has been laid during the last than in one, and that the one- inous surface from one-quarter to
crete pavement is mixed in a rotary for the same strength of roadway. I six years than in any other area of course pavement gives as good serv three-eights of an inch thick. This
mixer, and then deposited upon the Thi is because the rolling results equal size in the United States. The ice as does a two-course roadway. bituminous coating takes the wear
roadway. After being spread evenly in n denser concrete than does the : Wayne County mixture consists of Therefore present practice favors .and tear of the traffic and also dead
over the surface that is to be paved, hand tamping of ordinary concrete one part portland cement by volum e’ one-course pavement almost uni ens the sound, as well as makes the
pavement easier on the feet of
it is tamped by hand, the tamping pavement As the concrete is denser, to one and a half parts sand and versally.
being, of course, to insure a dense 1 it is also stronger. Then again it three parts gravel, or crushed rock. Im p o r ta n t F a u lts in C e m e n t C o n c re te I horses and less annoying. to the
i eyes of people passing along it.
and W a y s o f O v e rc o m in g T h e m .
concrete that will have a small per I is evident to the reader that it
The Bellefontaine pavement laid in
Only two faults of any great im The bituminous coat also tends to
centage of voids in it Hassam is must be cheaper to tamp the con 1893 was put down in two courses.
put in entirely differently. First the crete mixture by means of a ma The base, which was four inches portance have cropped up when i protect the concrete from uneven
rock, or macadam portion, of the chine than it is to do the tamping thick, consisted of one part port- the concrete has been mixed in heating or cooling, so that there is
pavement is put in place and spread 1 by hand, and, as only the grout has land cement to four parts sand and proper proportions and of good
(Continued o r P age 4.)
to tie the crushed rock, or gravel,
and the sand together. As concrete
is composed entirely of stable in
organic ingredients, it will not de
teriorate under the elements as does
a bituminous pavement. Moreover,
the Portland cement acts as a real
binder to hold the aggregate to
gether rather than as a waterproof
ing material to fill up the inter
stices of the pavement.
Formerly The Portland Labor Pre»»,
Volume XVI.
Number 4
Owned and Controlled by Organized Labor.
Portland, Oregon, Saturday, May 6, 1916
needed because of the socially inef- ! ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦
ficient—the great mass of border- 1 ♦ CHURCH HANDl r t TOWN- ♦
line cases—as contrasted with th e '+
SEND PRODUCTS.
♦
--------
+
i socially unfit—cripples, insane per- ♦
__________________________
¡sons, idiots and criminal*. Health ♦ There s a man by the name ♦
♦ of Church, who ran* a drag ♦
’n force in most ♦ store on the croner of Broad- ♦
tine week from next Friday, May ber of 1915 .Legislature (H. R.). In-1 E. J. Goode: Chiropractic doctor. I R. L. Macleay: Business man. Has *"surancc *s
Says he favors the European countries, and it is an la ♦ way and union avenue who is ♦
19. the registered voters will be troduced H. B. No. 113, regulating John F. Cahalin: Lawyer. F o r-! no platform.
industrial development j sue in three states in t ' < East. The ♦ very desirous of having every ♦
called upon to select their party the payment of wages and many merly deputy city attorney. In his I business and
other bills, among which was H. B. statement he pledges himself to of the state. Residence Arlington need for a revision of the Oregon ♦ one become familiar with the ♦
candidates.
♦ fact that he handles White ♦
Since those registered as Repub No. 19 providing method whereby “favor measures advancing the cause i Club.
criminal code has long been felt.
♦ Clover ice cream, the product ♦
•
Percy E. Arlett: Business man. I
licans are so much in the majority, electors may become candidates, of labor.”
Albert E. Gebhardt: Lawyer. Mem- Running on strictly business plat- ’ Speakers from Washington, Cali- ♦ of the Townsend Creamery Com- ♦
interest naturally centers in the Re Worked actively for the latter.
pany.
~
+
Gus C. Moser:
Lawyer. Member ber of Grange. Ballot slogan, “Ore-
form.
fornia, Idaho and Illinois will make
publican candidates, ?* the nomina
Joseph A. Stutt: Member B utch-, addresses. Two exhibits of great ♦ It is- the duty of every nears- ♦
tion is in .nost cases equivalent to of Senate. 1915. Carried water on gon first in commercial, industrial
both shoulders.
and education development. Econ- ers’ Union.
Formerly member of interest wil, be shown> the Child ♦ paper to disseminate the news, ♦
election.
♦ and we hasten to advise all our ♦
S. B. Huston : Lawyer. Me u berom y consistent with progress.” Says firm of Stutt & Howland, saloon ,,, ,,
_ ....
,
_ . _
Following is a portion of the ticket
in which the readers of the Labor 1915 Legislature (H. R.). Is fair he understands the problems of labor keepers at Sixth and Washington. Welfare Exhibit and a Reed College ♦ reader* who happen to be pa- ♦
L. P. Morrow: Carpenter.
¡Municipal and Social Welfare Ex- ♦ trons of thi* particular drug ♦
Press should be particularly inter minded. Does not see labor’s view- and is in sympathy with legislative
♦ store as to the brand of ice ♦
oint. Frank in his opposition, progr.m.
i Lot P. Keeler: Spanish-American ! hibit.
ested :
♦ cream handled there.
. ♦
hole-hearted in support if given.
John R. Latourete: Lawyer. Mem-; war veteran. Member Carpenters’ 1 -r-h;.
-,;it i,. » i , -
Representative in Congress.
John Gill: Merchant. Member of | ber 1913 Legislature.
Local No. 226 and endorsed by that
Th,s conference
be the iourth ♦ The proprietor of the place ♦
C. X. McArthur, incumbent, E. V.
annual social service conference to ♦ says that he don’t care who ♦
1915 Legislature (H. R.). Against, Franklin F. K orell: Lawyer.
body. Running on a business plat-
pii
Littlefield and A. W. Lafferty.
be held at Reed College. A confer ♦ knows that he handles tike ♦
labor
legislation.
Harold
V.
Newlin:
Lawyer.
form.
Name
appears
among
those
the
Secretary o f S tate .
A. W. Orton: Lawyer. Spanish-
Virgil L. Clark: Lawyer. No plat-1 boosting Pat McArthur. His ballot
ence on the conservation of human ♦ Townsend product and as we ♦
Ben Olcott, incumbent; Charles B.
American war veteran. Judging front for n.
slogan is “Peace, progress, prosper- life was held in 1913, the “Portland ♦ don’t care, either, we wish to ♦
Moores.
7 assist him to get the fact ♦
I red J. Meindl: Lawyer.
ity, preparedness and, if necessary,
platform, is running o i l record as
Public Service C om m issioner— W e s t soldier.
1915” conference in 1914, and last ♦ before the public.
♦
Norman S. Richards: Lawyer.
the punch.”
ern D is tr ic t.
year was held the first meeting of ♦ A hint should be as good as ♦
Lionel C. Mackay: Lawyer.
C o u n ty C le rk .
F
o
r
S
ta
te
R
e
p
res
en
tative.
Fred G. Buchtel, Thomas K. Camp
♦
Carlton E. Spencer: Lawyer. Son-
John B. Coffgy, incumbent; Joseph the Oregon State Conference of So- | t i Jt'c? i nJ*Le / ’i “ ;
bell.
. . .
.
* * * * ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦
(Twelve to be nominated.)
in-law of W. D. Fenton, attorney for Beveridge. Mr. Beveridge resigned cial
Agencies.
, ___
Judge o f the C irc u it C o u rt.
not long ago from the executive
Oscar W. Horne:
Bricklayer. Southern Pacific.
Department No. 1—J. P. Kava Union man. Endorsed by organized . Joseph H. Page
Lawyer. Was ! board of the Employers’ Association
naugh. incum bent; Wilson T. Hume, labor. Member of 1915 Legislature deputy
attorney
under Hr is
close association of A. A. UNION MAN CANDIDATE IN MR. MATTHIEITS CARDS BEAR
district
Robert C. Wright.
and made splendid record.
George Cameron. Favors a busi- Bailey. Nuf sed.
THE LABEL.
MARION COUNTY.
Department No. 3—W. M. Davis,
C o u n ty Judge.
Horace G. r Parsons:
a r s o n s : v Cigarmaker.
ig a r m a x c r . ness-like, strictly economical pro
Last
week
J. E. Magers. A. G. Thompson, Rob Member firm Fitzgerald & Parsons, gram for the Legislature.
George
we made a few re-
1. J. Cleeton. incumbent;
Martin,
of the ' marks about the candidates who
ert Tucker. Mr. Davis is endorsed cigar manufacturers.
. . G. , tT
.
t member
c ,
cturers. Union
mam
Cliff
wa muni . . Ivan
_____ ____
.
. R. Melonéy: Lawyer. Been H. Tazwell. Mr. Tazwell was
bv organized labor. Mr. Tucker is Endorsed by organized labor.
labor
active in politics
politic for «ime time. One cipal judge during the Simon admin Musicians Union of Salem, is a can- were having election cards printed
said to be the candidate of the Em
istration, having been appointed by didate for State Representative from ! that did not bear the label of the
Elmer E. Pettingill :
Musician. | of_Pr?m2.,er* ?f Lincoln Club
Marion county.
i Allied Printing Trades Council
ployers' Association.
En-1 Fred R. Salway: Law librarian, Simon,
President Musicians' Union
Mr. Martin is a native Oregonian,
Among those mentioned v/as S A
Department No. 5—Frank S. Grant, dorsed by organized labor.
county court
house.
Advocates
S h e riff.
Fred L. Olson. This department is
Fred W W agner: Formerly pres-1 change in method of selecting jurors.
T. M. Hurlburt, incumbent; R. L. having been born in the state in Matthieu. druggist, who is running
1881.
• for State Representative.
at present presided over by W. N. ident Tile Setters’ Union. Endorsed
£«(<• J- Brady: Old-time politician. Stevens,
He is making an active campaign , From a more complete investiga-
Gatens. Democrat, who is without by Building Trades Council and rec-
K. Kubli: Proprietor job print-
C o u n ty Assessor,
opposition for the Democratic nomi ommended by Central Labor Coun-' ««8 office. One time member of city
' Vi°n’ i_*e a.re
tbe opinion that Mr.
Henry E. Reed, incumbent; no op-
nation.
Matthieu had no intention to offend
cil. Now connected with the Port- council. Runs “open shop.
position,
) the members of organized labor by
land Tile Works.
John M. Mann: Proprietor Ivy
C o u n ty T re a s u re r.
D is tric t A tto rn e y .
omitting the label. There were only
Plowden Stott': Lawyer. Gener- Press job printing office.
Runs
John H . Lewis, incumbent; no op-
Walter H. Evans, incumbent; John
a few of the card* without the label
t. McCue. This seems to be a con ally recognized as a square shooter, ‘open shop.’
position.
Pf'nted. Since giving the first order
Hamilton F- Corbett: Teller First,
C o u n ty C om m issioner,
test between the "wets” and “drys" Was member of 1915 Legislature and
Mr. Matthieu has had about 50,000
with McCue on the wet side and is worthy of re-election.
National Bank.
W. L. Lightner, incumbent; C. P.
cards printed, all of which bear the
Evans on the dry side.
Stephen A. Matthieu: Druggist.
Paul C. Bates: Member insurance Stayton. A. A. Muck. W. B. Steele.
union label.
Is opposed to any change in prohi- firm of McCarger, Bates & Lively.
sa,d . tbat Muck is the
S ta te S en a to r.
In conversation with a representa
bition law that will permit drug- i Make specialty of casualty insur- candidate being backed by Rufus
(Five to be nominated.)
tiv e of the Labor Press, Mr. Mat
1 M. Patten: Spanish-American gists to sell liquor. Says he under- ance. Active opponent of present Holman, J. B. Yeon and Benson in
thieu said: I have been in the drug
Actively sup- an endeavor to beat Lightner,
1 -' eteran. Physician and sur-1 stands problems of labor and is in compensation law.
business in a working man’s commu-
sympathy with general legislative ported by the Spectator, official or-
C o u n ty S u rve yo r.
the I»»»* 25 year* and I
Eastern program.
gan of
Employers’ Association.
R. C. Bonser, incumbent; E. A.
F. H. Ransom : Manager
_
think I know the value of organiza
O. Laurgaard: Consulting engi- Prai ed by that paper because he Middlebrook.
& Western Lumber Company.
tion for the working people. It is
C o u n ty C o ro n e r,
Dan E. Powers: Lawyer. Former- neer. Had charge of Tumalo irriga- does not put union label on cam-
not my intention to knowingly do
Dr. F. H. Damniasch. incumbent;
member of Outside Electrical tion project. Had no labor troubles, paign literature. Swat hit#.
anything that will retard the prog
Never been in politics before. In-
A. C. Callan: Real estate dealer. Dr. Daniel Grant. Dr. Grant has the
worlflrs’ Union.
ress of your organizations, because
F. O. Lehman: Chiropractic doc- terested especially in irrigation and Assistant
secretary
Metropolitan endorsement of several different
believe they are a great benefit
rural
credits.
Laundry
Company.
Active
in
oppo-
local
unions.
tnr. Offices in Abington building,
to the country.
Harry L. Idleman: Real esta te, sition to rulings of Industrial Wel-
C o u n ty School S u p e rin te n d en t.
b’hn C. Mullock: Lawyer. Span-
"I entered the race for S ta le Rep
E. S. McCormick, F- H. Whitney,
'/’’-American war veteran. Says he dealer. Author of present lien law. fare Commission. Swat h ir .
resentative at the urgent request of
George T. W illett: In mploy of W. C. Mderson and Miss Abbie
t.nurs free text books and military Says he favors change in law so
the druggists of Portland who are
training for public schols of state. that Legislature will meet every Northern Pacific Railror i Company Wright,
opposed to any legislation amending
four years instead of two years, and for 30 years up to last June, when
C on stab le.
■Making very active campaign.
the present prohibition laws so as
Andy
Weinberger.
incumbent ;
Robert S. Farrell: Commission less supervision of private business he resigned as city ticket agent.
permit
druggists »I. to i”
dispense
Herbett Gordon: Abstractor. Run- M. W. Petersen. Andy Vaughn and on a progressive platform and prom- to
liquors
or
' " ' ------
merchant; member of 1915 Legisla by public officials.
or even
D.
C.
Lewis:
Lawyer.
Member
ning
on
strictly
business
platform.
Sanficld
Macdonald.
Mr.
Petersed
ises
if
elected
to
give
a
good
ac-
an,|
¡
f
’j
atvi
yT
In st?c)c-
ture (Senate). Did not favor labor
I..
i has been endorsed
for
this
himself.
onn,,Li.
w’" certainly
1915 Legislature and generally voted
’ G. Carpenter: Ex-citv detective,
‘
‘
'
’ ’ position I count of L!
*'
legislation.
Member 1913 Legislature.
by organized labor.
He is a man who is generally rec-
8UC" « « « » p t.
Conrad P. Olson: Lawyer. Mem- right.
............. ...............
......
.......................... ... ' ognized as having the al.ility to COM bc,‘
rv5 a’’ ,!h e PcoP'e «o the
I with any situation which might
-ri.„
v. ,
DIXIE BREAD week for each journeyman and has arise and we hope that the voters
z,.r _
as “ nown Mr. Mat-
COMMENDS STAND ON TEXT taken. The states of Kansas and HAYNES AND
° r.
,yrar’ a"<l believes
I signed up agreements for one year of Marion county will send him to
STILL UNFAIR.
¡California have proved your conten-
BOOK QUESTION.
warfi co „ ,ck „ tlo„
"one?*;
straightfor-
from May 1, 1916, to May 1. 1917, the Legislature with a handsome w.rd.
,
I K r tli
______
itions to be true.
The Twentieth Century Bakery I wi,.h a,‘. h ^ e r ie , in the city where majority.
i!°
bi’
d
’
X
j
0
be
,o
•"
Gresham, Or.. April 27, 1916.—Edi-
In th‘s connection, however, I as gone into the hands of a 1 on'>- u"'on ,>'akcrs * 7 emP,.?> ed-
ask the public,
or-
nope mat
in ausocare
m rougn . rcceiver a fte r fcur m onth< boycott ; We i therefore
n*-rc,"re asK
’uu
or
' »r Oregon Labor Press, Portland, , I hoPc
that you
>’ou w
win
advocat^ through
eat ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦
d. an<l i>n° rK:»ni*c<T to ea
ENDORSE
Oregon: Dear Sir.—I wish to con . the columns of the Labor Press the by the Bakers' Union and Centra.,
MORE
lone ♦ CIVIL SERVICE EMPLOYES ♦ TILLICUMS
Dixi *
CANDIDAI ES.
«estuiate you upon your stand for r state ownership of the text books as Labor Council, which again goes ‘’ 'H ^ .n^ -l° o f I X c,ts ,r” nown< a's Dixie
TAKE NOTICE.
♦
. , . ii a as . ,tate nuhlieatinn
.r .o f
prove that the bread-eating public , - .
u
, , __ „ ’ • . c ,___,
. j
__ i
th,
4-
of text books , , wel1
publication th
thereof
, -tate publication
--------------------------
_.
prefers bread made by firms where brf a,i and Hayn" b; ead’D« r , and ♦
At the regular meeting of the T i l
R.
KROLL,
'or our public schools in the last. . Tbe 8reat ,oss to the Poor Pp° ‘ __________
conditions are
— fair to the workers,
------ |cakes
♦ On Monday. May 8, Mr. Roy ♦ licum Club last Saturday night the
j Secretary 114, B. C. W. I. U. of A.
♦ E. Peabody, chairman of the ♦ following additional candidates were
pic—and they are the ones who have and disapproves of the sweat shop
issue of the Labor Press.
♦ Laws and Legislative Commit- ♦ ' endorsed :
were
Fiery point you make is well ,ar8c families as a rule—is the loss | methods such as those generally'
of the Civil Service Em- ♦
Representative in Congrcs—E \
caused by the continual expense of | uspd by unfair* firm.
CONFERENCE OF SOCIAL AGEN ♦ ♦ tee
ployes of San Francisco, w h o * Littlefield; State Legislature
O
.
.
,
.
...s
By working in naim«ny and with
CIES.
buying new books as their children |
{urther support of or„anized
♦ was in Washington. D. C., for ♦ Laurgaard. Joe Stutt, J Cahalin I
* * ♦ * ♦ * ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ pass from grade to grade, the books |abor and ,he general
♦ over a month, where hr ap- ♦ I.atourette; State Senator Dan Pow
public. we
*
BUILDING laborers ,
I
The Oregon State Conference of ♦ peared in the interest of legis- ♦ ers: County Commissioner W
that are lost or misplaced during va- ) shall soon be able to bri
bring to terms
ATTENTION.
of interest to Civil Serv- ♦ Lightner; Judge Circuit Court' de-
_____
♦ cation time, and the ones left in the j ‘he» only unfair bakery concern left Social Agencies will hold its annual ♦ ♦ iation
ice Employes, will be in attend- ♦ ¡p a ’-tment No. 1. J. p. Kavanaugh
♦ re
..
■
. _i c
c - in Portland—the Vegetarian Bakery,
♦
here will be a special meet- ♦ i var,°us school houses, never to be nia^jng Haynes’ Dixie bread and meeting at Reed College on May ♦ ance and will address the meet- ♦ ' department No. 5, W. N Gatens* '
♦
unio", next Tuesday ♦ seen again by their rightful owners. buns and a|j his products generally 12, 13 and 14. The topics for dis ♦ inp of Civil Service Employes of ♦ 1 The club will give a dance on Mav
n>ng.
♦ 13 in ratification of endorsement. '
known under
under the
the name
name of
ot Ha
Haynes,
cussion this year arc: “The Segre ♦ this city
k
o’clock.
Labor ♦
Then state ownership would elim- known
* 1 empie. x,ki„
♦ Th.s will be an open meeting *
-------— « — ________
Wherever
these
products
are
seen
.
.u
.
1
inate
the
losses
sustained
under
the
gation
of
the
Socially
Inefficient,”
* 4 It
♦ and the regular order of busi- ♦ S Y R A C U S E M A C H I N I S T S S T R IK E
■■■gnly important that ♦
.
„ it would be well for the organized
4 ach and every mer.ber of the ♦ present system by the
movers, worker and the fair thinker to leave “The Revision of the Oiu^on Crim ♦ nes* will be dispensed with and ♦
'«nl be present, as there i s * who go from state to state and whose them alone, as small wages and inal Code.” “Proposed Social Legis ♦ there will perhaps be other ♦
A refusal by automobile gear
speakers who will have some- ♦ making plants to better working
♦ tom. i "]’portaLnt business to ♦ text books often become a total long hours do not increase the lation in Oregon.” and "Health In ♦ ♦ thing
to say that wil, be of in- ♦
♦ ’ 'JPc before the meeting.
health and buying capacity of the surance.” The discussion of the first-
♦ terest to all Civil Service Em- ♦ conditions has resulted in a strike
oc sure and come yourself ♦ ',OM-
worker.
♦ of several thousand machinists.
and pass the word along
♦
Yours for public schools that are
The Bakers’ Union has gained for named topic will deal with the dan ♦ ployes.
* * ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦•¡free.
ELMER S. McCORMICK.
its members an increase of $1 per gers to society and the remedies ¡ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ > Syracuse, N. Y.
Primary Election Drawing Near
9
Whole Number 848