Ml¡¡ THE OREGON MIRROR Fog* 2 Jk*. OREGON MIRROR Established in March 1959 - Negro Weekly Circulated by Mail - Newsboys - Businesses Pubiished Every Wednesday 4617 N. Williams Ave. AT 4-4551 PUBLISHER - J. Marcus Wellington. Ill Complete 1st Year O f Desegregation Without Violence EDITORIAL THE NEW SPAPER TH A T IS AIDING HIM DAY IN AND DAY OUT FOR HIS FIGHT FOR FREEDOM, CAN ALSO AID HIM IN THE FIGHT FOR MORE BUSINESS AND TOR ECONOMIC INDE­ PENDENCE. THE SPARK TH A T SETS FIRE TO THE SALES O F YOUR GOODS OR PRODUCTS IS ADVERTISING, AND ANYONE WHO DOES NOT BELIEVE IN ADVERTISING FOR THE ADVAN CE- M E N ! O F HIS BUSINESS IS DIGGING A GRAVE TO BURY HIS BUSINESS. THE AVERAGE NEGRO BUSINESS MAN IS NOT MAK­ ING THE MONEY HE SHOULD BE MAKING, BECAUSE HE DOES NOT KEEP IN ST E P WITH THE MODERN IMPROVEMENTS THAT MAKE FOR G R E A TE R SALES IN HIS BUSINESS. LET HIM LOOK 111 ROUGH THE DAILY PAPERS O F OTHER RACES AND THEIR MAGAZINES AND HE WILL REALIZE THE POWER OF ADVERTISING. THE NEGRO MUST LEARN ONE THING: TH AT ALL THESE BIG CONCERNS HE SEES AROUND HIM TODAY, WERE: ONCE SM A LL BEFORE THEY WERE BIG. THERE IS ONE ESSENTIAL FOR THE SUCCESS O F ANY BIKINESS, AND TH AT IS KNOW HOE, AND YOU MUST MAKE T H A T KNOW HOW WORK EVERY HOUR AND EVERY DAY IN DEALING WITH THE PUBLIC. $100,000 Swim Pool To Replace Gravel Pit Where Boy Drowned P O R T SM O U T H . O. The drow ning o f « 14-yeat-oid boy last sum m er in a sand and gravel pit m ay result in the building o f a 100.000 Ewimming pool this year, aevording to the Rev. M elvin B ate­ man. pastor o f the Findley Street M ethodist church. R ev. Batem an, w ho conducted funeral services fo r Eugene M c­ K in ley last sum m er, has been the m ovin g spirit In the organizing o f the C om m u n ity R ecreation al so­ cie ty . T h is so cie ty w hich has been In­ co rp o ra te d as a non-profit group, has a lrea dy sponsored several p ro­ gram s In its e ffo r ts to raise the S100.000 fo r the prop osed project. Questions Recreational Bias at Marine Base W A S H IN G T O N . Rep. Charles C. D iggs jr., (D -M ieh .l has suggested that the Marine Corps m ake recreational facilities near the Parris Island. S. C. sta­ tion off-lim its unless they are open to N egro as w ell as w hite Marines. D iggs told MaJ. Gen. A. L. B ow ­ ser. assistant ch ief b f sta ff o f the M arine Corps, that it would seem to him that this was “ the equ it­ able thing to do since certain o ff- base recreational facilities are available only to som e o f you r per­ sonnel.” D iggs m ade his com m ents in a letter to B ow ser con cern in g a com m unication from a N eg ro m ale M arine at the Parris Island Marine C o n « Recruit D epot. T h e Marine said there is a lack o f recreational facilities and social life fo r N egro Marines. ? I itti« „ ip i| « M i« MANAGER & EDITOR - Don Alford THE ONE THING TH A T W ILL AID THE NEGRO MOST T O ­ WARDS GE1TING HIS RIGHTS AND JUSTICE IN THESE UNITED STATES IS PUBLIC OPINION, AND BY HIS REGULAR SU PPORT O F THE NEWSPAPER TH AT SERVES HIM, HE CAN AID IN THE BRINGING ABOUT O F STRONG PUBLIC OPINION FOR HIS OVERDUE FIRST CLASS CITIZENSHIP. THE NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES HAVE BEEN AND ARE TO D AY THE G R EATEST CHANNEL O F NEGRO HISTORY. WHAT L IT T L E HISTORY TH AT THE AVERAGE NEGRO KNOWS ABOUT HIMSELF WAS GOTTEN FROM HIS PAPERS AND MAGAZINES. IT IS HIS NEW SPAPER AND MAGAZINES TH A T GIVE HIM SE LF R E SPE C T, AND AID HIM IN KEEPING HIS HEAD U P. L E T HIM SU PPO RT THEM A LL TH A T HE POSSIBLY CAN AND HE W ILL BE SU PPO R T­ ING HIS OWN PROGRESS. L E T IT BE SAID FOR THE GOOD O F A N EW SPAPER, WHEN YOU FIND A NEGRO TH AT DOES NOT HAVE PRIDE IN HIM­ SELF AND HIS RACE, HE DOES NOT READ HIS PAPERS. NO NEGRO CAN READ THESE PERIODICALS REGU LARLY WITHOUT REALIZING THAT HE IS MOVING FORW ARD AGAINST THE ODDS TH A I ARE TRYING TO STOP HIS PROGRESS AND GROWTH. A NEWSPAPER CANNOT EXIST WITHOUT ADVERTISERS, AND ADVERTISERS CANNOT SU PPORT YOUR P A PE R UNLESS THE PEOPLE T H A T READ OR SEE THEIR ADS MAKE PURCHASES. ADVERTISING IS THE KEY TO SUCCESS FOR ANY BUSINESS, BUT FOR SOME STRANGE REASON, THERE ARE VERY FEW NF.GRO BUSINESS MEN ADVERTISING THEIR PRODUCTS IN THE PAPERS. ONE OF THE SAD COMMENTARIES ABOUT NEGRO BUSINESS MEN IS TH EY DO NOT TAKE ADVANTAGE O F AD ­ VERTISING TO AID THEM IN MOVING THEIR MERCHANDISE AND PRODUCTS FROM THEIR STORES AND OTHER PLACES O F BUSINESS. BUSINESS PEO PLE AROUND THE NEGRO ARE M AK­ ING REAL MONEY WHILE TOO MANY NEGROS ARE STRUGGL­ ING DAY IN AND DAY O U T TRYING TO MAKE ENDS M EET. THE NEGRO MAN O F BUSINESS MUST R E A LIZE THAT IF HE WANTS TH E BUSINESS, HE MUST DO WHAT OTHERS ARE DOING TO GET BUSINESS. THE NEGRO BUSINESS MAN IS LIVING IN AN AGE O F KEEN COMPETITION AND HE MUST R E A LIZE IT IF HE WGULL MOVE FORWARD IN THIS FIELD O F BUSINESS AS OTHERS ARE DOING. Il V Dixie Schools N A S H V IL L E , Tenn. — The Sou th ’s pu blic sch ools have com pleted their first year w ithout v iolen ce since 1954, when the U. S. Suprem e Court ruled com pu lsory segregation unconstitutional, Southern S ch ool N ew s reported this month. M ob action, b oy cotts or bom bings occu rred o v e r new school desegregation during each o f the first seven years after the cou rt’s decision, the paper said. As the 1954-55 school term open ed and N e­ groes began entering schools with whites, protests flared up in Baltim ore, M d.; W ash­ ington, D. C , M ilford, D el.; and several W est V irginia com m unities. The m ajor incident o f v io ­ lence in the 1955-56 sch ool year occu rred at the U n iversi­ ty o f Alabam a, w here w hites rioted w hen A utherine L u cy, attended school fo r three days. D esegregation attem pts in the next school year, 1956-57, resulted in the use o f the N ational Guard to quell v io ­ lence in Clay and Sturgis, K y., and Clinton, Tenn. T he g ov ­ ernor o f Texas seht T exas rangers to control pu blic p ro­ tests against desegregation in M ansfield. V iolence over schol deseg­ regation reached its peak d u r­ ing the 1957-58 session, with the use o f rim e d troops at Little Rock, Ark., and the d y ­ nam iting o f a N ashville, Tenn., elem entary Tenn., school. returned to Clinton, 59, when a dynam ite blast d e­ stroyed a w ing o f the deseg­ regated high school. On L abor Day, 1959, tw o years after the troop s had been sent to L ittle R ock , three dynam ite blasts there dam ag­ ed a city -ow n ed autom obile, the m ayor’s private o ffic e and a school adm inistration build­ ing. The seventh school year after the Suprem e Court de­ cision, 1960-61, began peace­ fu lly but the quiet ended in N ovem b er w hen whites m arched and picketed in N ew Orleans to protest integration o f tw o elem entary schools. The last violence o v e r school des?-;regation in the region occurred at the U niversity o f G eorgia in January, 1961, when tw o N egroes entered the school under court order. P ub­ l i c ‘ officia ls in A tlanta, M em ­ phis. Tenn., and Dallas, Tex., m ade extensive preparations to avoid violen ce last fall w hen their public schools de­ segregated. In several Southern com m u ­ nities, v iolen ce caused the pu blic authorities to postpone the scheduled adm ission o f N egroes to w hite schools. H ow ever, the federal courts have ruled consistently that violence, or the threat o f v io ­ lence, is not a valid reason for delaying desegregation. lence m ajor incidents o f associated Ir til* « 1 p O iW UWlll All — M lffli gn the Am erican Teachers Wheifc* in ili RfHk Asset»1“ wets ill _ ill 59th àliti Annuil Convention on July en tim 25.21 in Mini, Fla, it of Airtui IQ | u q the mW m ost resi tdin- renimi 1 ^ , , Clin ! % / telle# 1)8 1 m Unite1® ft Ksirt Professor of Psycholo­ gy city Colleje of New York, and associitt director, North- * v sideCenlerForChildDevelop- if ment; D r. Allison Davis, Pro­ fessor1 ii Edition, University attui Ï W o f fliitijo and co-author hltìl ¡ V ¡V (With i* M«ri) of 'Chil­ " " Nü dren ol Bondage;" DrJiii«C, Evans, consul­ ora V f If tant Uupower Division, U. fetlpr the new s headlines the next year, 1958- The iiliDiiil11*1 ^ v ì ì idilli/ iJ r ii I »ilpai« .. ... 21» ® 11 FI l|il F M 1/ l. 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