Friday, December 12, 1952
PORTLAND CHALLENGER
Page Two
Po i t l e n d
Mixed Education
C a g e y Play Cons
Confidence Men
Tw o m en, hard at w ork try -
I ing to confidence a local business
m an o u t of $500 last m onth.
found, too late, th a t they had been
• conned" them selves and w ere
An Independent Newspaper
irre ste d before they had a chance
io
escape.
W IL L IA M A. H IL L IA R D
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER
H erm an P lum m er, realtor, was
app ro ach ed by C larence T urner,
TED BURGER
R IC H A R D BO G LE JR.
32, as he left the F irst N ational
MANAGING EDITOR
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
hranch bank a t U nion avenue an a
3100 North W illiams Avenue, Portland 12, Oregon
MUrdock 4092 RusscU street T u rn e r engaged
From T uesday through F rid ay the U nited S tates S uprem e C ourt is
h earing arg u m en ts eith er questioning or supporting the constitution-
ality of segregated education now being carried on in 13 states,
F or 56 years education for the N egro has been carried on according
to a decision p rom ulgated in 1896, ju st 31 years a fte r tne C ivil W ar,
w hich upheld th e doctrine of the co n stitu tio n ality of sep arate but
equal facilities. We subm it th a t the doctrine in question is both detri-
j m ental and u nconstitutional.
HISTORICALLY TRACED
T h at 31 y ear period ju st follow ing the civil w a r w as characterized
I b>' efforts to b rin S about am iable conditions of relations betw een
tne N ortn and South. It is historically referred to as the period of
reconstruction. M ore im p o rtan t to th e w hole question is the position
th a t the N egro found hm >elf in during this period. He becam e an im
p o rtan t political, or should we say diplom atic, football to be kicked
around ir p artial ju stificatio n of N o rth ern in terferen ce into S outhern
affairs. Of course h u m a n itarian instinct did as m uch to elevate the
econom ic and social position of the Negro, too.
P u b lish ed ev ery o th er F rid ay in P o rtlan d , O regon. T he C hal- P lu m m er in conversation and fi-
le n g e r is n o t re p<m,:ble for the re tu rn of u n solicited m an u scrip ts nally produced a m oney b elt to
show th e realto r a large sum
o r photographs.
of m oney.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
As planned. T u rn e r’s p artn e r,
52.50 per year
10 Cents per copy
C harles Berg, 25, passed on the
NEGRO FORGOTTEN
s tre e t and was engaged in the
conversation
him self.
F inally
T ow ard the tu rn of the cen tu ry the question becam e one of dim in
T u rn er bet Berg and P lu m m er ishing im portance, and the Negro, still in d ire need of assistance and
The policy of white exclusiveness so strongly evident in the *hat Plummer could not with- acceptance, becam e a relativ ely forgotten m an. T hirty-one years was
ju st enough tim e for the question to assum e rela tiv e unim portance;
governmental operation of the Union of South Africa is shap- chaw $500 from his account,
for com m on racist sentim ents to gain the fore, and for th e signifi
ine quickly one of two alternatives that must eventually be mer ' cc*pted the ^ and en. cance
of a once earth -sh a k in g E m ancipation P roclam ation to be for
fdCBci by that country. I h e Premier Malan-led gov eminent ^erccj ^he bank supposedly to get gotten. Thus the S uprem e C ourt decision of 1896, ru lin g sep arate b u t
m u: t either accept a p o litic a l partnership with the coloreds the money. He quickly sized up equal educational facilities for the N egro constitutional.
or face the dark aspects of a black rebellion. Delay in reaching: the situation for clerks and they H aving attem p ted , briefly, to explain the reason for th e ru lin g In
a h u m a n agreement with the native population will only Cooperated with him by immedi- the first place, w e now come to a consideration of w h eth er th e ruling
make the terms higher. Already their resistance to the rigid “ u sh
* * erin “ g «<*>*
“» P»«<* and tho" is fair. We o ffer th ree reasons in support of th e opinion th a t the
th e re a lto r behind the ru lin g should be abolished.
«eg egation laws la id down to enforce the government’s apar co u n ter to engage him in con
1. Unconstiutional—Because ot the old decision N egro stu d en ts a r t
theid policy has gone past the passive stage.
v ersatio n supposedly about the
denied civil and social equality. The ru lin g does as m uch as any di
large sum of m oney he intended
rect racist pressure to p e rp etu ate the doctrine of in eq u ality becausa
Under the leadership of Dr. D. F. Malan, the country is so to
draw .
of
skin color. T he idea of separation or segregation practiced on a
definitely opposed to any miscegenation between the Euro S uspecting foul play, Berg en-
j racial basis im plies inequality. W hat o th e r ju stificatio n for sep ara
pean and non-European races that it is making a vigorous at- iPrcd the bank to observe and
tion is there, in this case, but the im plication of inequality. In this
tempt to separate territorially, politically, residentiallv and, i determ ined that police had been light, then, the old doctrine becom es unconstitutional, being a m isin
, f .r as possible, industrially these two groups. These prin- summoned. But before he could te rp re tatio n of the fo u rteen th am endm ent w hich denies states th e
rig h t of “m aking o r enforcing any law w hich shall abridge th e privi
cm!«, have been amplified and reiterated by Dr. Malan in;«™™ J uln' r and
radio broadcasts to the nation and in Parliamentaiv and pub- Turner and Berg, both tran- leges . . . of citizens of the U nited S tates.” T he old ru lin g is also
a n tip ath e tic to the sp irit of the Bill of R ights and D eclaration of In
lic speeches in debate.
sients, were held at $1500 bail dependence.
Dr. Malan has made it clear to the UN that South Africa *»ch. Plummer elected to pros- 2. Unfair in practical application—D ue to racist sen tim en t and p er
haps to hum an in fallib ility provisions for “e q u a l” educational oppor
accepted itj organization on the unequivocal understanding ^ Wednesday.
tu
n itie s have not been equal for the Negro. E ducational facilities pro
that there was to be neither external interference in our do-
____J _______
vided by taxes and endow m ents have been sorely lacking so far, and
«nestic affairs nor any tampering with our autonomous rights.”
because of this N egro stu d en ts are denied full and m odern ed u catio n
al experience and N egro g rad u ates of these segregated schools are
The native population of the Union of South Africa num- ,
^
, »p
being denied fu ll benefits, econom ically and socially.
tiers 8,410,933 in comparison to a white population of 2,588,933. * “
O ne study show s in term s of dollars ju st how N egro stu d en ts are
Additional p o p u la tio n f ig u r e s show 1,078,621 coloreds—a group W hist players in the A lpha
being denied equal educational privileges. It rep o rts th a t in 17 states
Composed of mixed b lo o d resulting from i n t e r m a r r i a g e be-' phi A lpha card p a rty held at and the D istrict oi C olum bia an average of $73.67 is spent an n u ally
th e St. P hilips p arish th e la st of
tween Europeans, natives, and Malays (intermarriage is now N ovem ber w ere Mrs. S ylvia on w h ite elem en tary school children w hile only $32.46 is spent on
unlawful*; and 358,73R Asiastics. This latter group is predom Thom pson, first; M arvin M cK in the N egro children.
A ccording to this sam e stu d y school p ro p erty value, w hen broken
ney Sr., second; an d Miss Jack ie
inately Indian.
dow
n to p er pupil term s, is $224 for each w h ite child and $52 for th e
R ichardson, th ird .
Taking note of this population ratio, coupled with the world F irs t place in th e bridge to u r N egro child. T eacher salaries v ary also; $1307 being th e av erag e for
wide opinion that international peace is unobtainable if equal- ney w as Mrs. G eneva F ra n k lin teachers in w hite schools and a corresponding $939 for teach ers in
it isn’t a llo w e d to exist among man, one can easily see the She w as follow ed by Mrs. G usto- N egro schools. These statistics are for the period from 1943 to 1943
since then th e re has been some equalization. N evertheless, ia
futility of South Africa's white supremacy doctrine. Instead via T hom pson and Mr. William and
1952, the sam e p ictu re is still tragically true.
of following some planned effort aimed at eventual equality j Thompson in that order.
3. Cost of segregation staggering—T he cost of providing and
. the
, . black
, i man, . the
1
* •. man • in o
. il Altica
a
5 c- iicintr all
to
white
South
is using a u ; Richard
u Neal walked off wit.i m ain tain in g sep arate school system has proved to be trem endous.
the instruments of his authority to degrade further the place Host to thc card fun was Por:_ No figures w ere im m ediately available for this article, b u t it is safe
of the native in a world society. I his blind policy of national- |and's Epsilon Zeta Lambda chap- to sav th a t m illions of dollars could be saved if th e re w ere provided
one, m ixed system In each ot these states.
ism. giving no thought to world changes and opinions, h a s --------------------
It is recognized th at, w hen accepted, these N egro stu d en ts w ill
Caused race relations in the Union to deteriorate sharply in
FEP laws debated
have to be provided for in term s of a generally enlarged school sys
the la st four years a lo n e .
Thc question or the effective tem , but the econom y w ill still be expressed in term s of m illions.
ness of compulsory FEP legisla-
Danger Mounts in Africa
a
*%<*■
(]^QpfieS Get First
VsUlU. 1 OUiney
Tho economic and political squeeze put on the black man jjon was debated Monday cve-
ia beyond the imagination of the American Negro. Here ink ing at the P o rtla n d Air Base
the United States the trend is definitely forward in honest theater. The program , under the
individual recognition ot all American citizens. I n the Union sponsorship of .he Portland A n
of South Africa tvh.te stubborn«» is brewing a situation so ■ dcpartmcnt ,catured the debatc
complex in race relations that the sporadic violence now i \ i - ^eams 0f the air base, affirmative,
<i?r.t is capable of exploding into full-scale revolution.
and University of P o rtlan d , neg-
One doesn’t have to be a fortune teller to foresee the danger at,“any NAACP members were
to world peace so apparent in the South Atiican socictA a-s jn attendance and offered com-
dictated bv the Malan government. For even though th e, merits from the floor. The air base
white man is largely responsible for the present day advanced ; team was judged winner,
stage of South Africa’s material development, he couldn’t;
have done it without the assists rendered by the native people. * r,^cleson * frica
Certainly these people deserve a partnership in the country To S tart in J a n u a ry
they helped t<> build, and large numbers of them are now in
A series of features decribing
cultural
aspects of present-day
sisting upon this partnership._____________________________
Portland Urban League Notes
Africa w ill be published by the
Portland
Challenger
b egin
ning in the next issue. Writer
w ill be Ephraim Layode. from
Ibadan. Nigeria in West A f
rica. Layode is currently a sen
ior at U niversity of Portland
where he majors in education.
Here since February, 1950.
Layode has also studied in Lon
don, England.
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V r e M IS S 1 h e m
Wa’va baan m issing your naws
NAACP Seals Explained
.V * *
***-
W illiam Underwood, left, local NAACP area president, explains
the sale of that organization’s seals to James Farmer, organizer
of Congress of Racial Equality, w hile Mrs. Underwood looks on.
(Photo courtesy of the Oregonian)
■
Area 5 of th e M ultnom an ' m ents th ro u g h the local L au n d y
eo-.itm United Fund drive, head W orkers U nion.
oil b> Reuben A I.indley and ' Mrs E lean o r Roosevelt m ade
Mrs Sylvia Newsom, was the , m ention of th e P o rtlan d U rban
i
t to reach the 100 per cent league in h e r colum n “My D ay"
• i i'k in their division The area n h e r O cto b er 6 release. M rs
Former Portlander, Miss Imo- her engagem ent at a recent Sur-
v e n t o \e the top in excess of 123 H oo-evelt com m ended th e w ork
gene Fatheree, is engaged to mar- day m eeting of the Sinquanon
|v*r cent.
of th e P o rtla n d league.
ry Los Angeles atto ney Thomas club is Los Angeles of which she
According to F. Shelton Hill,
—In te rra c ia l P rogress (P ort-
George Neusom, according to a is president. She is also a mem*
Industrial seere’a '.c o m b in e d e f
land Ut ban league)
formal annviuncoment by her ! her of Delta Sigma Theta soror-
fo rt of the U rban league and th e
mother, Mrs. Ada Lou Fatheree ity.
O regon H.ireau of Labor have J
of Portland and San Antonio.
A sister and brother here in
b een aucveisful
»•** *o get your “j* 1 11 *ou ha,r* m w ‘ or n»w ‘
oetsful in allow ing N egro | ° n lV nin*
naws w hy not drop us a line Texas.
Portlandt Mrs. Gladys Lewis and
liundrv w orkers to o b tain jobs j NAACP Christmas seals. Buy
or call. MU 4092 or EA 0330.
* Miss Fatheree. a Jefferson high Milton Fatheree and their fam-
I
P. rtlan d clean in g establish them now! Call GA 2466 or 3037.
T—““Tnr—rff—rTtniiiniiiTinnnfiilwiiiiMnntntjTnrtiilit;: ,~rhnr>1 graduate, first revealed dies plan to attend the ceremony.
Portland Miss To Marry Soon