l'.'h; WEST SHORE. the large lumps are put through a crusher. From tin' pockets where dejtosited from the earn, the ore is tiiki-n in cart, carefully weighed again bo as to accu rately regulate the amount of the charge to correspond with given quantities, of charcoal and limestone that go into the furnace with it, elevated to the top of the furnace and charged into the hoppr. The propor tions of charcoal and limeHtone and ore vary. After melting and heing purified in the furnace, the molten metal in run off and cant into pigH in wind moulds. Thin proceHH in faithfully shown in the colored picture in the center of thin pajwr. At intervals and at the end of each canting the cinder, or slag, cnihracing the In , i .. . nuu oi me impurities of the materials charged into the furnace, in drawn off and run out of doors. This is a product of no particular value, though it is some times crushed and lined for paving streets, when not too hard and sharp. The metal is drawn off twice each day, and cast into pigs of different qualities, according to the por tions of materials in the charges, the degree of heat employed and other considerations understood by workers of the craft. Different qualities of iron are obtained from the same casting. The metal is drawn off twice daily, alx.ut .r:(X) o'clock a. in. and the same hour in the afternoon. Inferring to the illustration, the process may li readily understood. The moulds are simply can-fully formed trenches in the sand. The stream of molten metal Hows down through the main trench direct from the furnace until llin where it is turned aside and (ills the first set of moulds Then the s.ond set is tilled, and so on until all the '"""ids art- full, or until the hlast is exhausted. Then the pigs are covered with the sand in which they are run, and after a few minutes are sufficiently cooled to I pryed out of their Im,1s by crowhar, so that they may c.h, ...or,, rapidly. It i non.e time hefore they ose their red glow, however. When sulliciently cooled, the I'lgs of ,ro an. U,,l on cars an. taken to the 'rks. or piled up to he Mll ,(, I11Hrk(.t rc lMwe,n twenty I1( lir(y tl,1Mf . , J cast every day in the year. The fuel for the stoves in which the air Mast is oi.i air u taken into tho. i, i - iri'iuaied until I as a lem,H.rature exceeding m ,, , into the tr : of. Mowmg engine having . ,,,;, MofairjH.rm.nute. I.h for ,u,ig , thn 1 wast, rharoal gas fro,,, the furim.,, , "J r" 1 " !WMhighftirni,hM.H,Wl,rf;;VratAHm,'k-t' Continuing the manufacturing ,,,,,,,, Khi from the furnace to ,lt, . ' T"n particular quality of iron that gives the best service in cast pipes, and charged into the cupola for re-melting The structure in which the ore is reduced is called the " furnace," while that in which the pig iron is re-melt-ed for casting is termed the " cupola." While in the furnace the fuel is charcoal, in the cupola coke is used in order to better refine the iron by driving out car bon and silicon. The charges for the cupola consist of pig iron of various grades, limestone and coke. Each NNIKUINO A T JOINT. win lay the casting of pipe begins between 8:00 and .:H) o'clock in the morning, and continues from two three hours. This work is pursued with perfect sy win, each man performing his duty with the accuracy of a machine. I He casting pit is a deep trench forming a little '"ore than a semicircle, deep enough so that the top ml of pipes twelve feet long is about waist-high to the workman standing on the ground. In this pit iron , ; of the 8ize t is desired to make tho pipes, or !",ml,lH; are """IH'nded. Within the flasks cores are '"-jrtcdand the molten iron is run between the core ana the flask, the space between the two determining " tlnckness of the pipe. A few minutes after pour K 111 ,,,c Hie cores are drawn by the powerful