The west shore., November 02, 1889, Page 236, Image 12

l'.'h;
WEST SHORE.
the large lumps are put through a crusher. From
tin' pockets where dejtosited from the earn, the ore is
tiiki-n in cart, carefully weighed again bo as to accu
rately regulate the amount of the charge to correspond
with given quantities, of charcoal and limestone that
go into the furnace with it, elevated to the top of the
furnace and charged into the hoppr. The propor
tions of charcoal and limeHtone and ore vary. After
melting and heing purified in the furnace, the molten
metal in run off and cant into pigH in wind moulds.
Thin proceHH in faithfully shown in the colored picture
in the center of thin pajwr. At intervals and at the
end of each canting the cinder, or slag, cnihracing the
In , i .. .
nuu oi me impurities of the materials charged into
the furnace, in drawn off and run out of doors. This
is a product of no particular value, though it is some
times crushed and lined for paving streets, when not
too hard and sharp.
The metal is drawn off twice each day, and cast
into pigs of different qualities, according to the por
tions of materials in the charges, the degree of heat
employed and other considerations understood by
workers of the craft. Different qualities of iron are
obtained from the same casting. The metal is drawn
off twice daily, alx.ut .r:(X) o'clock a. in. and the same
hour in the afternoon. Inferring to the illustration,
the process may li readily understood. The moulds
are simply can-fully formed trenches in the sand. The
stream of molten metal Hows down through the main
trench direct from the furnace until llin
where it is turned aside and (ills the first set of moulds
Then the s.ond set is tilled, and so on until all the
'"""ids art- full, or until the hlast is exhausted. Then
the pigs are covered with the sand in which they are
run, and after a few minutes are sufficiently cooled to
I pryed out of their Im,1s by crowhar, so that they
may c.h, ...or,, rapidly. It i non.e time hefore they
ose their red glow, however. When sulliciently cooled,
the I'lgs of ,ro an. U,,l on cars an. taken to the
'rks. or piled up to he Mll ,(, I11Hrk(.t
rc lMwe,n twenty I1( lir(y tl,1Mf . , J
cast every day in the year.
The fuel for the stoves in which the air Mast is
oi.i air u taken into tho.
i, i - iri'iuaied until
I as a lem,H.rature exceeding m ,, ,
into the tr :
of. Mowmg engine having . ,,,;,
MofairjH.rm.nute. I.h for ,u,ig , thn 1
wast, rharoal gas fro,,, the furim.,, , "J r" 1 "
!WMhighftirni,hM.H,Wl,rf;;VratAHm,'k-t'
Continuing the manufacturing ,,,,,,,,
Khi from the furnace to ,lt, . ' T"n
particular quality of iron that gives the best service in
cast pipes, and charged into the cupola for re-melting
The structure in which the ore is reduced is called the
" furnace," while that in which the pig iron is re-melt-ed
for casting is termed the " cupola." While in the
furnace the fuel is charcoal, in the cupola coke is used
in order to better refine the iron by driving out car
bon and silicon. The charges for the cupola consist of
pig iron of various grades, limestone and coke. Each
NNIKUINO A T JOINT.
win lay the casting of pipe begins between 8:00 and
.:H) o'clock in the morning, and continues from two
three hours. This work is pursued with perfect sy
win, each man performing his duty with the accuracy
of a machine.
I He casting pit is a deep trench forming a little
'"ore than a semicircle, deep enough so that the top
ml of pipes twelve feet long is about waist-high to the
workman standing on the ground. In this pit iron
, ; of the 8ize t is desired to make tho pipes, or
!",ml,lH; are """IH'nded. Within the flasks cores are
'"-jrtcdand the molten iron is run between the core
ana the flask, the space between the two determining
" tlnckness of the pipe. A few minutes after pour
K 111 ,,,c Hie cores are drawn by the powerful