THE WEST SHORE.
210
conuonsea again m lower altitudes, this neat, latent away
up in the lofty peaks, now comes out from its hiding
place, and the dry nnd warm nir proceeds to business by
licking up the snow, not leaving behind even the mois
ture caused by iU melting. We nre speaking now of
the wiutor. Not much heat can bo lost in contact with
the drv snow, and what is lost hv radiation into sitaco
may be made up by the heat of the sun, even in tho
short days of winter.
Some other considerations ronmiu to ho noticed As
I have just said, tho time is wintor. In the long, molt
ing days of early summer, over tho dissolving snows of
the ravines and warm slopes, over thousands of foaming
torrents and countless rivulets, tno air, instead 01 gain
ing hent, now loses it by tho reverse operations of lique
faction and evaporation, and thus chilled it falls on the
ill-fated potato patch in tho form of Juno frost This
matter of heat being absorlicd by thawing and sot freo
by freezing is one of common experience. Tho chilly
feeling of a March or April day iB shivoringly in tho
memory of all of us, who, m early lire, braved tno in
clement skies of Ontario. And some of us havo known
the farmer's plan of saving his potatoes by carrying
water into tho cellar on an extra cold night- tho water
giving off in tho process of freezing sufficient heat to
save the vegetables. Of courso tho process does not go
... i t? :
on ad infinitum. 15ut tlio process 01 noni uisapiM-aniig
by the rarefaction of air and becoming sensible again
on re-condensing-this is not so much within tho range
of our daily experience. The falling of a barometer 1.
fore a Btorm is duo to tho rarefaction of the air, and wo
have all noted tho increasing coolness at such ft time,
though almost invariably this is accompanist by tho
formation of clouds wlncli quicKiy smu ......
source of heat, the sun, so that tho lesser cause of cool
,.ssis obscured by the greater. Th.me who have as
conded mountain jeaks have observed, first, tho rarity
of the air, and second, tho coolness. They may consider
if the latter is caused by the former, as jmiri hit is not
always Vro,,l,-r hoc Suppose they are not related as
cause and effect, but only accidentally. Then, first, why
is it warmer near the .ea-level? It can not to the earth
. . . i. ..:... l. for then, a llllin plain, or
simply which " ,
even a" mountain peak, might to a. hot a. o owloM
warm winds can oomo from anow-olad mountain. When
Sir Alexander MacKonaio first wintered on the Pence
river, away up in lntitndo fifty-nino degree, liko a mc
on.l lUlloa look ing on mind's ryo over tho uivut
Pacific, he saw tho striking effect of these southwest
winds and noted in hit journal that tho ocean could not
lm far away. Little did ho think that nearly six hint,
drod miles of rough mountains lay 'between him ami it
warm shores. This was in Wl i romamed mo mi
ferenco tietwoon tho effect thero at the mouth of Hnioky
river, whero tho snow disappeared in a few hours, and
at Fort Chipewyan, on Lako Atlmlmnen, three hundred
mile further east, whero no thaw occurred, though tho
wind brought delightful, clear weather. It is only a few
years since one of those indefatigable slave of nature,
Gorman dootor-what should wo know but for tho (ler.
man doctors? -worked out a nnthf-maticnl uemoiislra
tion of tho amount of heat made latent by rarefaction In
tho higher altitude and regained by condensation ; nnd,
still more, tho amount of hwt caus.nl by tho preolpila
tion of moisture ns tho wind rise up tho los of tho
mountain. This calculation, I may say, seem to havo
1km.ii undertaken to solve tho sainn problem in Kuroi,
as they have, it seems, Chinook winds under the lee of tho
ii l ii.o ......tuinH of Norway, only Chinook is not
tho Gorman name of it It i id that even th west
cast of Greenland in visited by such a wind, coming
over the elevat.nl lands of tho" interior. These wind
oomo from tho south est fur away over tin nn, "1
aro not oooled by the elder current along the cast in.
side tho Japan current Wo havo constantly to remem.
tor tho Irenes that prevail in our idea of heal and
oohl Two quite different atandard prevail, ouo tho
ii... i... ii. ..il.nr our fiHiliiiu. In summer a mno
of forty degree F. i l'lB I"" "' ''"""'I lH,i"1
to tio pleasant while, a we all know, anything near arru
in winter is bracing ami delightful. Hut watr free...
and snow molls, not by our filing but by lh tlirr
mmnofcr. Thirty-fivo degree V. with dry air I quite
.uflleiont to remove six inehe of new fallen .now. And
tlinan winds constant They al
ternate with their contending brother, from tho north,
.i I .1 winds mtiMidiliU around thn whole
IHIR lunr " . " , .i-i i .
globe. The great fertile tolt lie just on the border
nature doe noi wi -
tuuvimrai rnreni
- mi ir ior einiui"ui w .
B . , . . , ... ,.rivM. .,! .hen no ir W"J I" - .. . . ... ... ....
got a chance-ueat .. ot iUp(,ruill,tt. u, c.. atunuon u -
the re-condensing tae. p. ... - , .,liuh now ,.,,, np ,..n ,er . ...
all of it Nature i. not a banker, andknow no, g rf hl Kven
discount When a spring b ClZ Tn remote ago. -geological ge-thr. must have
dormant When you winu up j - -,1H, lhe Mtn. cilimtio oondition. tM ni warm .
.toring np the force exerted ny . - -- ,
atonng P - " the fl,rca again,
rTJ. I bare dwelt at ..me
. . . m t tt m a
cifiowimkdry U a degre prulmbly lori.i.id.ng lorn.,
irrowth, tho me ooldr ni .winiwr wn.. .-
I iliLtttt (frill hi
K uie friction: of course, I bare dwe, at .me - - f ImW M , pKr,,,of
iTgth on thU point t oe in t w 2'. frost to m-slify th too ardent llamo of our long
Iin,rlulitv i ma..if.Hl, 1 .-t,tf",r . ,.lUv. which would utU wi- parch lh tend-r
r. oioctod from tho refusal U, ...," ,
umw w a