98 THE "WEST SHORE. 60,000 to 100,000 persons; and a greater numW, of uuuibo, uuu Utu uoimitioim of trade and agriculture shall liave advanced. At present such track yield no income to any jiorson, excepting the few who gi axe cattle or sheep in the more ojien spots. Other features of the Willamette Valley will appear in the following descriptions of the social resources and advantages and tlio general condition of tho various oouutiea lying within its limit, or in tho accompanying remark on other pagca ujkiii tho climate, various indus tries, etc. MULTNOMAH COUNTY. The smallest, liut nouo the less tho richest and most ' jKiptilous, county in the Ktate is Multnomah, lying along Wh sides of the Willamette near its mouth, and extend ing along the south side of the Columbia from below the mouth of the Willamette to the Cascades. Multnomah County consists chiefly of tho city of Portland. There is surrounding it considerable good land for farming pur poses, lying in small patches among tho hills and aloilg tho river, and a wealth of timW covers all the upland and mountains, contributing its. quota to tho sum of the city's prosperity. There are many desirable spits where vegetables, eta, can be profitably raised for the city mar ket, which can tie had tijioii reasouablo terms, and good opKrluiiitiea aro offered in that business to one who understands it Dairy farms, also, offer an inviting field for intelligent enterprise. I'OHTLANIl AMI ITS Hl'lll'IIIIH. The city of Portland lies on the weal bauk of tho Willamette Ilivor, twelve miles aliove its confluence with the Columbia. Its site is a lsautiful sloie, gradually rising to tho ridge of fir-dad hills at its liack, into which the city is rapidly extending. 'It also spreads up and down the stream, occupying several miles of good harbor front, much of which is bordered by expensivo and com modious docks and warehouse. Opposito, on the oast bank, are East Portland and the town of Alhina, both of them practically a portion of the city, with which they are connected by four ferry lines, and to which will soon be added one, if not two, sulmbintial iron bridges. Sell wood is a small residence suburb adjoining East Portland on the south. Kt Johns, several miles down the stream, is a river shipping point Portland may lm said to lie the crystalixed effort to fttlablish a city at tho head of deep water navigation, as near as poaaililo to tho great agricultural region of the Ulamette alley, ami yet located so as to command the tratle of the npiter Columbia. Other iminU were chosen before this one, and many rivals have sprung up and lived a precarious life for a brief lime, but the inevitable law of "natural selection " decreed that Portland should survive them all ami becmne the melro.lisof the North- west flic city lias now a firmly etnblihod trade, ureal concentrate capital, and vast sums invevted in busim and improvement; MmNe several miles of solid busi now Mocks; is protected from fire by a large and eflicient firs departuiaut, auJ supplied with tht ulectrio firs alarm; has three street railway companies, whose lines traverse the city in all directions; enjoys Uio conveniences of tLq' telephone and tho advantages of the electric light, and iiosseHses complete systems of gas and water works. . . . a, a n Art Ann' During the past three years more man $iu,uuu,uw have been expended in building improvements. A whole-1 sale trade of upward of $40,000,000 annually is transacted with the merchants of Oregon, Idaho, Washington and evon more remote sections. The annual value of manu factures oxceeds $11,000,000. In 1884 foreign exports amounted to $5,048,118, and domestic to $0,284,735. The .lomestio imports were $18,080,129, and foreign $1,013,800. The mordants handled 5,045,102 bushels of wheat, 403,463 barrels of flour, 8,942,517 pounds of wool and 3,578,074 munds of hops. These statistics indicate a city of vigor ous growth and healthy business activity. The railroad, and shipping facilities are such that Portland can be made a great manufacturing centre, and as such should receive the attention of capitalists. Educationally and socially the city compares favorably with those of like size in the East. There are six large graded schools and a high school, founded upon the most advanced system of education, and conducted by a corps of experienced teachers. There are, also, two excellent business colleges and half a dozen denominational schools and academies. Nearly all tho religious denominations are represented, and have oomfortahlo odificos, some of them quite com modious. M Besides lieing at the head of doep water navigation on tho Columbia and Willamette, and thus being the ship ping and receiving punt for this region, Portland is the railroad city of tho Northwest. Both the Northern Pa cific and Union Pacific make this the ojierating terminus of thoir overland routes, the latter by its new line known as the " Oregon Short Line." The Northern Pacifio has a line north to Pugot Sound The 0. R. & N. Co. has a line running up the Columbia and branching out into the various sections of the great wheat and stock region oast of the mountains. The 0. & C. road connects the city with Rogue River Valley, passing directly south through the State It also has a line to Corvallis, run ning up the west side of the Willamette. A lino of narrow gauge road runs up the valley on each side of the river, and the Oregon Pacific runs from Yaquina Bay to Corvallis, where it connects with the 0. & a Steamers in great numbers ply on the Willamette, Columbia, Cow. lit and other tributary streams, all of them centreing in Portland, and a Hue of ocean steamers plies' regularly Mwecn the city and San Francisco. The position of Portland is that of the natural metropolis of the North west, and all thnt is necessary to maiutain it as such is enterprise on the part of its citizens and the establish ment of the many industries for which it offers superior facilities. CLACKAMAS COUNTY. Lying Wtween Multnomah and Marion, and extending irom a lew miles went nf tl.niv;ii u. t- , ., , "nim-iMj juver io uie uinmit of the Cascade Mountains, is the county of