4
THE WEST SHORE.
A MODEL .FARM POSSIBLE WEST OF
THE CASCADES.
Bv Rev. G. H. Atkinson.
CONDITIONS.
. Our toil and climate assure success.
The writer hns leen thirty-five harvests
or cereals, vegetables and fruits in west
em Oregon, No failure has occurred,
due to soil or climute, but some local
failures have resulted from want of care
and proper cultivation.. Some years of
great abundance, have beon followed by
less abundant harvests. Some fields
have been ploughed and sown and
reaped over thirty years and have not
been manured at all, or left fallow but
very few years within that period. The
rtraw has been burned and the ashes left
on the threshing ground. The ploughs
have turned thin furrows. This nro.
ecu has exhausted a large per cent, of
me ncn surface soil of these old field.
But such methods reduce the value and
power of land by larger and larger per
cents, every year of their continuant
It it impossible to have a purse full of
money, n its owner takes out money
very day nd puts none in. It is not
Pidi to have rood soil and oma
crops, ir the owner Bather Annual L
vests therefrom and makes no return of
lenuuers. The rule of solvent w.
to secure deposits in kind equal to the
PPK to the model
ine 0,1 fmi of the Wil.
wette v,ey can be to
their virgin fertility hv ' .
in, by rotation and increased variety 0f
cron ami K ..... .. 'Kym
eleven,." Virr n? ,ne fcrti"I
ltU "vc ocen extracted.
Unless the owners hem., .u:.
teril- 7 "nnU"1Iy more mo're
"XSTTIR ATlnvj
.hetS-Prdbe
seeJ. '.IT " sw'neforthe
. nd restore! to the .
paring lndfeedi "e; - J
uddIv the , . nch ,,nd or
Pply them.. , .V 'as
n.bymov.blefence.fc
htm snd fatten the :i . . ,ltten
Clover cr r,nercroP
give sure and marketable returns of va
rious harvests for the investment. It is
better to raise grasses, vegetables, fruits,
grains, fowls, sheep, swine, cattle and
horses and dairy products on the same
farm, and have a continual income, than
to raise wheat or sheep, and have only
one source of revenue from the farm.
The man who sells wheat or wool or
butter only, and buys everything else is
apt to exhaust his purse and his lands
alike. Western Oregon and Washing'
ton can be the paradise for such a stock
farmer. He will not raise the largest
number but he will raise the best quality
or plants and animals. He will make
one kind secure another, and thus keep
up tne productiveness of every acre, the
growth of every animal and the inflow
ot cash from every source. This has
been the Scotch and Enelish stvle of
w
good tenant farming for a hundred
years. In substance it must be the stvle
of good model farming in Oregon and
w asmngton, it it is to last a centurv. nr
even a nait century longer.
Our climate west of the mountain u
the analogue of that of the British Tl
ami mus a sure one. It has nrnv.,1
, j vvvu iu
oc oetier man that of EnrimA .i
.... . 0""4U UU
a iciiauie as mat ot France.
TUB NEW HILL AND MOUNTAIN LANi
Lane, Douglas, Yamhill. . W..I,;
- , . MOllllll-
tnn anit PI 1 . . o
..u oLKamas counties in n
aAri..t.. .... . -guu,
- v.owmz, Lewis and Cheha-
lis counties in Washing t..:....
lor example, look rouoh an,1 rum-.! '
in their k,ll o - .w u.uumg
...... ...H yet tnejr SQil .g d
and Strnnir It L ' . . r
-..-..6. ( UCHre luxunant forests
.s deep.d of like quality down to
' "e w twenty feet hel. t.
come, mostly from decomposed basalt
hih v rhori j . t oasait,
o -..-.6 mm colored with oxid
of iron. Wild clover :J; X,d
- -""fra ma thrive wherever
-vmi loon torsfnol, : -
Sit'?
No failure will attend thefaWlsT
may judge from the past. ' The h',ndof
the diligent will make rich. ' .
DIFFICULTIES.
The forests are dense., Trees d2
the axe and hardly , yield 'to fire
evergreens hold these mighty ranges 0f
hills and, mountains, and man's arin
seems powerless. But this verv ten:..
of possession is a signal of permanent
values. , ,Man can make one acre
the harvests of four or six as now
vated. Fifty or one hundred., acres
under the plough are better than
times the number away from timher .J
springs. The various resources of tU.:
rugged lands . promote ' varieil iindustry,:
and .comfort and more .'wealth to' tlJ
owner. They are not a bar to popula.
tion. They, invite, the immizratioiW
A gentleman from Dakota,! who jaw
the abundant clover fields near Cottage
Grove, and had the offer of 160 acrei
8o under fence and plough with house
and barn for $1,200, said : "If I buv thi;
farm, one hundred neighbors', from'
Dakota, will follow me to this region i.
soon'as they can sell their farms. I
have not seen clover grow in Dakota,
I have seen no fruit like this mowW
there. I am pleased and satisfied."
THE HONEY BEE IN OREGON. .'
BY T. L. RIGGS. ' ' '
and da v ri l .
Z .''uw an"als can live ,
grain
. , turnip
the Casc.de mountains.
orroution of cropland will
le on the r rK..
height and strenJu c attain "
Feat power f , ' . " "uvc "ie
0 all the ; Z
the cereal, v":.u CCno,cestfa'-ms for
opened. L .' T- T and fruits n be
llon is convent, Trnsporta
Af-j timber i n,-
- 6wa quality .nj . - "
- -numned quantity,
From the earliest ae-es the honev heir
has been the comoanion of man. ifirl
has justly received at his hands a well-
merited attention. At no Deriod. how-'
ever, in the world's historv has ! the
cultivation of the honey bee and the1
production' of honey received such an '
impetus as in the! present generatiop.;
ny means of improved methods ; the
capacities of the honey bee has been
increased three-fold, and what was on
a pursuit of pleasure has now become
one of profit, giving support to . thou
sands in our own country; alone.,
The inquiry then: "Is the honev bee
adapted to Oregon?" is but a natural
one, and the answer cannot fail to be
of interest to a ereat number of our
citizens. For want of proper tests an
answer to this question in all its bear-
mgs is an impossibility. ' We can. hbw-f
ever, give partial answers;-first, then,
we Will state as A fart that rh honev
bee thrives as well and winters very
much, better than in anv northern.
state east of the
bees do not freeze to death, and unles .