May, 1882.
THE WEST SHORE.
97
is usually the most efficient remedy, in
the absence of which nothing remains
but copious additions of fresh water,
which mav be obtained in such an
emergency by tapping the nearest brook
or spring and placing brush wiers at
intervals to prevent the ingress of pre
dacious fishes and egress of the carp
or immediately capturing the carp and
transplanting them. After the adapt
ability of the carp to many waters, and
to our waters particularly, was discov
ered, and when the practicability of their
successful propagation was demonstrat
ed, and their excellence as a food-fish
recognized, first among the philanthropic-
citizens of Oregon to introduce
this valued fish to the people of our
State' was Captain' John Harlow of
Portland.
Impelled by motives of public worth,
and impressed with the gratefulness the
hearts of his fellow-men would bear,
arid anticipating the pleasures resulting
from the successful cultivation of those
prizes, Capt. Harlow appeared the one
ordained to successfully inaugurate the
cultivation of carp in Oregon.
A visit by the writer of this article
to Troutdale, 16 miles east of Portland,
on the Sandy River, some two weeks
ago, revealed the fact that this culturist
was considerably learned in the busi
ness. Possessing, unquestionably, the
finest piece of land embracing, moun
tain, meadow, stream and dale,' as was
ever provided for the habitation of man
by a Divine Providence, the remaining
conveniences required by him in the
proper pursuit of pleasure are but the
resources of this combination developed.
My pencil has attempted a portrayal of
this rich estate; but it reveals its own in
anition as a means of arranging that co
herence of parts in glittering beauty,
by conveying but the shadow of what is,
Three years ago Capt. Harlow had
imported to this state a lot of genuine
food carp.' 'Upon the arrival of this
consignment .the total number of fish
was 35. They were hurriedly trans
ported bysteamer to the mouth of the
Sandv River, from whence they were
carted to the ponds arranged for their
farm. The fish were
not then over three inches in length
Tn-dav thev will measure twenty,
twentv-one and twenty-two inches.
And from this lot some 5000 carps have
been raised which are now occupying
his ponds at Troutdale, and 4000 more,
which lot, unfortunately was lost last
year through a break happening to his
ponds. Orders for carp have been re
ceived by Capt. Harlow from all parts
of the northwest : but he is not vet
1 d
ready to enter upon the sale of this fish.
It is his intention, I am informed, to go
east this summer, upon which occasion
he will visit the many piscatorial estab
lishments. narticularlv that of Seth
Green, where he will remain some four
weeks eettinc a further knowledge of
the business of artificial propagation of
food hshes.
The object of artificial pisciculture is
to make use of the spawn which nature
provides in such rich prolusion and to
protect it against all deleterious infiu
ences in nature, as well as to provide
the fish in a Rplendul manner with the
food and protection they require for
their complete development, r ish am
other marine products form not only a
palatable dish, but a pleasant and easily
digestible food which, it is maintained
is also calculated to stimulate the mciita
activitv. And to show with what
gigantity pisciculture and food-fish
traffic is carried on in the largest city
in the world, I cite what is said of the
wholesale fish-markets of Ilillingsgate
,ondon, where a large fleet of vessels
carrying a greater supply of fish in
one day than Germany draws from the
inexhaustible harvest-fields of her sea,
akes arid rivers during a whole j ear,
supplying every night the daily de
mand for food-fish of a city wh-ibited
by three million people. 1 he attention
now being bestowed upon pisciculture
indicates that it will soon rank as one
of the important industries of the
. ... . 1
country.' And to supply tne uemami
for knowledge upon the subject many
works upon the science of fish breeding
and culture have been published to
which the. reader is referred for such
details as the want of time and space
forbids being presented in this article.
OREGON AND WASHINGTON.
Henry Villard is given as authority
for a recent statement that Oregon am
Washington Territory will this year
produce a wheat surplus of 250,000 tons
nr 8 t.l bushels, and that the ur
nlu in iSSi and 1884 will reach 750,.
r . v . ,
000 tons, or an average 01 37 5
for each year. If this be true, we may
reckon on a surplus for the Pacific coast
next year and the year after: t
Bushel.
Cftlifornin. ! JS.".000
Oregon and Washington 12,500,000
Total 47.5",ooo
We are of opinion that the surplus
of Oregon and Washington is rather
under than overrated. There is no
doubt that they have land in abundance
to produce much more than this esti
mate. The only question is Have
they the means of transportation to the
scaboid? If they have not now they
will have by the en J of the harvest ycHr
of 1883. The Oregon Railway and
Navigation Company nave now 300
mil of railwav in oneration, and ex
pect to have 450 miles by the clone of
inisycar. iiuruuu,ui iub,iui .. v
are many branches, will drain the wheat
producing sections of Eastern Oregon
and Washington, irom tne cascades 01
the Columbia to a point well up on
SnnUe river, and tun the Grand Konde
valley in the .Hltie mountains, by way
of Menchanr pass. 1 he main trunn 01
this system is being extended from the
Cascades to Portland; and there it will
connect with the Kalamn road, which
is to be speedily extended to l'ugct
Sound by the iNortnern wane, i no
survey of this road has been made and
the work is promised to be completed
this year. The Willamette valley is
already well provided with railways, '
both on the east and west sides, as far
n Koui-buror. south of the Calapooia
mountains, in Umiiqim valley. And it
is given out that the wrcgon ami Cali
fornia and the California mid Oregon
companies have come to an agreement
by which they arc to meet on me nnc
of the two States. The Oregon com-
pany intends to extend its rml from
Roseburg fifty miles south into Rogue
river valley this year, and has a work
ing force now engaged in grauing.ior
that purpose. Rogue river valley is a
large and productive region, ami wuch
afforded railway facilities, will possibly
be able to produce us much wheat as
the Willrtmitte. Hut the main depend
ence is, after all, the country cant or the
-1 1 . ....1 ik.i
wascaue range i inouuuiiuit mi m
will not be fully developed till the
Northern i'acilic umi n connections
shall be completed to some point on
I UgCl OUUI1U. TV I Iv II I'll HVV'MM-
plished, and the connection made with
the Calilornia ami uregon roao. on inc
northern line of tlis State, Oregon and
Washington together will have nearly
as many miles ol railway as i.annirni
has now. and thev will drain the pro
duce of not less than si million acres
of the best wheat land on the continent.
Villard and his Northern Pacific Com
pany now control all the railways north
of California, and recent rctwrt credits
them with unlimited cash means for the
prosecution to completion of the entire
system thev have in contemplation.
S. F. Chronidt.