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About The west shore. (Portland, Or.) 1875-1891 | View Entire Issue (March 1, 1881)
March, 1 88 1. THE WEST SHORE. 75 MINES AND RAILROADS IN MEXICO- There is considerable excitement both M re garde railroading nd mining in Mexioo. The minei are mostly discovered and being worked, bnt the railroads are mainly aa yet on paper. It ia not probable that the conservative people of that country will view the advont of Ameri. oan mineri and railroad men with great rejoio ing. Nor U it likely that the new made will go through the country aa cheaply and early as waa expeoted. The inhabitanta will in all prob ability throw every obatacla they oan in the ' way. A diipatoh from Tucson, Aritona, on the Kith aaya that partioa in from northeaatern So nora report that the politioiana of that Stat re very much opposed to the extension of the railroad in that direction, believing that it will reault in virtually turning the Oovornment over to Ameriosns. The railroad ia now replacing ita Indian with white labor, and expects to push work muoh faster than heretofore. The rail road oompany also find considerable objections to locating the line of the road through Mexi can ranches along the river bottom in the neigh borhood of Ores. The chean labor calculated unon bv the rail road contractor is not going to be quite as cheap aa expected, since the laborers will soon learn that thoy are "worthy of their hire." A cor respondent of the Bulletin, who is at Paso Del Norte, Mexico, writes that wagea have advanoed there. He says: "laborers now reoeive 75 uts, per diem, being just double what they received a few months ago. Got of the 87 k ota. they bad to provide their own food, and aa the pay ment was in the ooppar money of the oountry, which ia valued 10Z below Mexican silver, and 20 below United States money, it will be seen that Mexioan laborers have heretofore reoeived leas remuneration. for their toil than the Chinese in California, There is quite a probability of a further advanoe in the pnoe of labor here, as some Mexicans have been employed by railroad contractors on the American side at tl per diem and their board, and the oontraotor of the Tex-as-Paoitio has advertised for 200 lalwrers at the lame rate. As it ia understood that grading will be oommenoed on this side of the river upon the return of the surveying party, a large num ber of Mexicans will Hud employment at wages approximating to those given on the American aide. For an improvement in their oondition, the laboring: class of Mexioo will he indebted to American enterprise, aa under the away of the European commercial element, which has dominated the country and retared its prosper ity, there was no hope for them." Minimj ami ocietuiae I rtM, MaXTixo and HxrixiNO lk'LLios. Among those measures passed by Congress in its last session was an Act amending Heo. 3,ft!M of the Keviaed Statutie, by atrtking out the worda "for melting and retining when bullion ia below the standard, " and inserting in lieu of thess the words "for melting or relimug bullion," making the section read aa follows: The charge for oonvertine standard silver into trade dollars, for melting or refining bullion, for tooghsning when metals are contained in it whioh render it unfit for ooinage, for oopper need for alloy when the bullion ia above standard, for separating the gold and silvsr when thee metal exist to gether in the bullion, and for the preparation of bars, shall be lixed from time to tims by the Director, with th ooocurrenoe of the Secretary of th Treasury, so aa to equal, but not axosed, in their Judgment, the aotuel average coat to sen mint and assay onto oi ui m, la bor, wastage add use of machinery employed in acta of th ewes aloiemeouonea. Ueartit llonnim Most person may not be iwir oi ww mw ! a fend between th hornet and Hy families. A farmer who wa aeqssinted with this fact r-u-.iw k-nN Nn in hta twrlnr a hornet's nest which he found ia th woods, and in a short tint th boas wa thoroughly olaarM or m, la tot to remedy ors inaa in uobi TO COAT ARTICLES WITH LEAD. Professor Emerson Reynolds thus describe one of the best methods of applying his new pfOtMWl IU gtUUUIMMtf, OI OOVUilUg WlUl iwui various substanoes: Take 111 grammea of solid sodio hydrate (NaOll) or an equivalent of other suitable hydrate, dissolv it in 1.75 liters of water, and add to the liquid 17 grain inn of load nitrate (l'bSNOj ), or an equivalent of other lead salt, with 2Ml ouliio oeutimetur of wateri raise the temiierature of the mixture to DO C. If autlicieiit lead salt has been added the liquid will remain somewhat turbio aftei heating, and must (hen be rapidly strained or filtered through asbestos, glass-wool, or other suitable material, into a convenient vessel. The filtered liquid is then woll mixed with 100 oubio oentiiueter of hot water containing in solution four grammes of aulpho-urea or two carbamide. If the temperature of this mix ture b maintained at about 70" C, deposition of galsua in th form of a flu adherent film or layer quickly takes plao on any object im mersed in or oovered with the liquid, provided th object be in a perfectly oleau oondition and suitable for the purpose. When the operation ia properly oomliiutud a layer of galena ia ob tained, which ia so strongly adherent that it oan be easily polished by mesne of the usual leather polisher. It is not necessary to deposit the galena from hot liquids, but the deposit iron is mora rapid than front oold solutions. Th moat convenient solution for deiiosi tiun on bras is thus prepared: Take a quautity of aoda lye containing 1) ounces of real soda (.NaUll); dissolve tins, witn th aid of neat, three Ounces of tartrate of lead, and just before diluting th solution to one gallon of ould water, add five drachm of suliiiio-turea pre viously dissolved in a small quantity ol hot water. The article are to li Immediately im mersed in this bsth, and the temperature raised Ut boiling. ben tlie desired tint is obtained the articles are to be removed, washed and polished. The above solution osn b used for glass or poroelain, Hot or cold, it the pro portion of alkali be reduced ons-third or thereabout. CorviNo Drawiniik. lly a method patented by M. Joltrain, of I'aris, it is claimed that copies of drawings having nearly black strokes on a whit ground can lis mail by the follow ing sensitising uiiitursi (lum, i!fl grammes; chloride of sodium, three grammes) peruhlnride of irou at 6.V II., 10 cubic centimeters) sulphite of peroxide of irou, five grammos) tartaric acid, lour gramme) water lo nil up w iuu cinnu oontimetera. Th developing bath may b a solution of ferrooyanid of potassium, red or yellow, acid or alka in. Th printing I done in the ordinary way, and th developing in a bath of red or yellow pruseiaU of potash. After wsshing th proof is put Into an aocldulatsd bath, which darkens th line to an indigo tint, and ia then again washed and dried. CoijOIiinh Olam. Oxid of gold la employed to imMrt to glass a beautiful ruby odor. Hub oiide of oopier give a red color. Silver, In all states of oxidation, give a variety of beautiful yellow and orange colors of glass. Antimony, lead and silver, in combination, ar employed to produce th inferior yellow onlor. The ox ides of iron giv to glass vartoae shade of greeo, yellow, red and black. .Oxid of chromium urivoe a tiu green, th oxid of oobalt a spleu did blue. 1 he color most valued, neil to mat produoed by gold, is th ysllow oommunicsUd by oxid of uranium, and which has an appear- soos resembling shot silk, vt nil glass or en amel ia mail by adding either arsenic or th ox ill of tin to th melud metal Th f arious I Manoankmr Mxtal l Till Ahth. Th (lor- nana appear to b making extraordinary elforts hi extend th uses of 'nianganos in various forms. As th display of various works at th Uueeuidoif eauibiuou allowed, liivy sue now manufauturiiig not alou highgrada lerm-iiian-gaurae, but also almost pure metal and ita al. ova. Th high uric, due to tli dilliculty of reducing maugsnes from It ores, make the us of th highest grades of inangaiie bur steel impossible, but the Isahcllan-Huette, at Dillon bur g ia making a material running aa high aa W ' of manganes for soial purpose. They use it in th preparation of variou alloy ol manganes and copper, used in th reliuing of oopiwr ami the manufacture ol tiiangaueau. bmnae, braaa, etc hilo phosphor oopper and phosphor tin must b added to brniiae with groat oare, in order to prevent an injurious ac tion upon th tenacity and ductility ut th metal, and while phosphor brums does not stand repealed re-nuilting without parting Willi its phosphorous, manganesa can b added to th extent ol 10 J and forms a nart ol th alloy. 1 he manganes oopper.geuerally used for luiprov ing th quality of bmiisea, brass, etc., contain 'M:(, of manganese The IsalHilleu-lluelta pro duce also an alloy ol Hll' ol copper and II i of manganese, which, cant In sand, show a high tenacity and ductility, ami replaces coptier in none riwcla. No tin whatever is added, and it is belieevod that this mangauae and uoppor alloy may be used for gnus, elo. Th pur msnganeae metal, a mass which crumbles easily, has been tried with much suuoes in th Manaliold ooppor district for Mining, and there ar prospect of its adoption for this pur pose aa soon aa th pries has been somewhat r. luced. metals used in onloring glasa ar also emplriyed in th manufacture of artificial gem, and by thsir mean th eolor and general appsaraoo are well Imitated 0(1 cation of neat's foot oil mlied with four oaaocoof lampblack make good barn OIL A I.kii Ampiitatxii ny Eumtmu'ity. A very interesting iqieratioii was psrfoimed ,ln the To rtmto (ieneral Hospital a lew week ago. It consisted of amputation, by means of electricity, of the lelt leg at the hip. The patient, a young man, being reduced very muoh by th sloughing of an 0ien wound on the nuUide of th leg, it wa dusirabl that he should lose aa llltl blmHl as possibl. Having placed th patient under the liilluonn ol othor, the eustomary lisp war made, and then a platinum wire, attached to a th two Mile ol a galvanic battery, wa anolr ulnl round th leg under th (laps, lu a mo ment this wire was biought to a whit neat, and began to cut ita way through th limb, lly th great heat the ends ol the arteries were con tracted, and only the larger one required to b tied. Many of th Ua ling sur;ious of th ally and large uumlwr ol th student from both schools were present. CoMroiiNii liiomrriVM M, Mallet has re cently published additional dale on lh working of compound locomotives, a louomollv built according to his plana wa first hlbitd at th I'aris siliibition, and snm tim later lis read before the English Institution ol Mechanical Kngineers a paper describing it and giving par ticulars a to It working on th lUyouii and Itearnly railroad, r'raiioe. r'roin his latest rs port it aper( that his sngloes required 3.3 II. of fuel r horse iwer Mir hour. They weigh lull ItNl Wins, have a small cylinder U 45 inch iu diameter ami a larg on 1.1.79 iuelie In dl sinetsr, with a I17i inch stroke. Th steam preesur is I.V) Ihi, Th quantity ol fuel oot. sumed during time ol heavy tralliu Wa I'i.t lbs. per train mil. In view ol th growing us of high pressure ooniwuud stationary tiigiius, the mull ar of much interest. Kl.tiTKli: Tina. Mr. Aleiander Adams, of th English I'ostofllo Telxgrsph I) ipartment, rort thsl h ha observed In aiistenc of electric tide in tolegraph ciruoils, lly hng eontinued observations lie ha determined dis tinct variations of strength in llioe tarth cur rent which are Invariably present on all tela graphia wire, following th different diurnal positions of th moon wi'h rept lu th arth, II read paper on the sb)oott a recent msel Lug of th HooMty of Tslegrsph Knginr,