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About The west shore. (Portland, Or.) 1875-1891 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 1, 1881)
February, 1881. 5 THE WEST SHORE. SINGULAR D18C0VEUY IN CONNECTION WITH PHOSPHORESCENCE. Tli property fMMaMuvl by certain metallic sulphides nd other phoephoresoent bodies-of absorbing light when exposed to iU inlluenoe, and giving out the Mm when brought into darkened room, has long been known to scien tist, but it is only quite lately that effort hive been mad to otilix such properties. 01 these, th most striking oonsistou in spreading a sul phide ol thii nature uko a lUt UUt and ex posing it to t strong light (r a low seconds un der an ordinary photographic negative. Upon removing the tablet thue impressed into a dark r oin, Ui piotur on it will be found to be glow lad In quit a mysterious and wonderful man- Mr, and it will ountinu fur khiii niiuutea to radiaU the light which it absorbed. It ha ooourred to an ingenious physicist A, L. Ilendaraon, to mil on of th niost aensitiv of the phosphoreout metallio sulphides with th bromide of silver, bow so generally em ployed In th preparation of photographio dry plates, and, after emuleilyina this mixture with gelatine, (praeding it upon th surfao of glass plate, and treating In aami as ordinary ones, eioept io so far as regards th (xposura, which muet b momentary, lla appears to have rea soned in this wayi With even th briefest ex posure capable of being given, a certain modi- oum of change will be produced on the sensitive bromide ol silver, although mauifually such at will b inoibl of yielding a proirly de eloid iuiaue. Hut III light also falls upon th atoms ol th pnospharosoeut powder inoor poratod in th Ulmsi and as these in turn radi aU such light, It lollows that they will complete th imperfect exposure set up in the bromide by Uie direct action ol the 'igiit This reasoning has heen fuund correct, and th result at present stands that plate hav been prepared having such exceeding sensitive, nea a to be well impressed by what Mr. Hon dereoa designates "the flash of a matuh." Phosphorescent sulphides may easily be l"e pared by heating th carbonate of lime, of be. rytes. of slrouUa, or other oarlHinate found most tillable, lo a covered oruoibl with half its . weight of sulphur. After an hour's exposure to beat, the prrparauon 1 onmpIeU and phoaphon re oblainrd which, upon being briilly exposed to Hunt and then withdrawn mto a dark room. will be eeen to glow brightly, the oolor of the light emitted depending upon the nature of the oar boost origlually seleuled. This application of a well recognised fact In phoaphoreouenos la so novel, and calculated to L ol so much use, that we have no doubt its progress toward development will b rapid. Beirnlific Amrrkan, I'aramviNO Mut roe. Food in Caih'av Plot. Wirkeraheimer, Oermaa chemist who has recently sold to th rruseiaa government a prooeea lor preserving organic euhsUuoo, has ainos aUoUd a prooeea for preeerving meat for eating purpose. A solution (heated to AO' C) of 3(i grama potash, IS grama common salt and DO grams alum, ta S liter ol water, la mixed with a eraond ndutioo of 9 grams salicylic acid la 45 grams melhylio aloohnl, to which 2.V) grama glyorrin i added. With this liquid th animal to bs preserved is Injected. In the oe of small animals, 1 00 grams of th liquid lor vr on kilo, body weuht la reoum sneodedi ia larger, lb proportion may b re duced to 4(1 grama, fishes, birds, and such nail animal are not previously killed, but to injection made direct into the heart with a airing having a sharp omnia, large animals are injected immediately after slaughtering, th liquid being introduced by one of th Urge oervloal arteries. For oatUe and swin, two or line gram ealtiwtar are added to the liuuid. Th Beeb of animals so treated kerps (it is said) two or three weeks perfectly good and i nod or one. II lb preservation Is to be for a longet time, in nroporuon ol ineuiyiM alcohol, sail cylic actd tod glycerin are somewhat in ANOTHER "NEW" LOCOMOTIVE. The Hinckley Locomotive Works of Boston are building a locomotive on a somewhat novel principle. It is th Invention of Mr. Henry 0. Shaw, and is described as follows in the Boston Journal of Commerct : His peculiar idea in this matter is that of run ning th locomotive with two oylinders upon either side. On cylinder is attached to the orank upon on side of the center of the wheel, and the other cylinder to the opposite side of the same wheel, or opposite to the first connec tion. Those cylinders are mad one above the other, a connecting rod running from each cylin der directly to its crank-pin. The lower oylin dur acts directly on the wheel or crank-pin in the wheel Th outsid end of the crank pin has a connection which passes to the center of ths wheel, where it is taken hold of by an out side frame or a connection to the msin frame of the locomotive, and ailbrds it a bearing, while the externum of this piece makes up precisely ths same kind of a connection with the locomo tive driving wheel that the ship carpenter's auger affords him with the double beud in it, the cranks being each side of the oenter. This attachment is to be mails to both sides of the engine. A yoke separates and keeps th con necting roils in place should either one let go, so that no interference is to be feared from this. The idea is to relieve the engine of the swaying caused by taking hold at the angles and chang ing the pressure with each revolution at each end of the stroke. Thonrotically this is oonoct. A locomotive is being built which will be fin ished within the next two or three weeks, and is, we understand, to be put over the New lork and Mew f.ngland or the Huston and Providence railroad for a liiorouuh traolioal trial Mr. Shew ia certainly deserving of suc cess, and we hope will moot It, as there is little doubt about the matter nieohanicelly. A Hum Siiox in A Tlixx. A syesmo -a tree was recently blown down near the residence of (ieo. Doubles, in Hartford, Connecticut. On cutting it up for lire wood, there was found em bedded in the trunk, 51) inches in diameter, an old horseaho with nails on one side only. It was a menu inn me oam, or outer edge ot Ih t.ee, th wood of which ia perfectly sound. Th tree is known to be more than 130 years obi, and it is estimated that the shoe ha been embedded in It 110 year, lu ye olden times, it wss a ouitomery tbiog to nail old horseshoes to tiros for hitching horses to, and it i sup posed that this one was nailed there for that pur-xiee, and that as th tree grew, it incased the shoe in it Mr. Douglas houe formerly belonged to the Mather family. A brick build ing used to stand in th comer of the lot, where Ilia Mathers had their olllo. and the probabil ity is that th tre was used as a hitching post Iihou'wutt or lti'BiiKR. The most delicate of fabric mad of vulcanised rublier may be brought in contact or immerwd with iini unitv in such ohemical liouida as suluburiu or nitric emer, mi ol lureulini, or any of the easential oils. The me also be boiled in potash, lime and soapsuds, by which, indeed, they are im proved. In fact vulcanised rubber articles ither remain uninjured or are improved by ex posure io agent mat destroy other fabrics, and evea wood, leather, iron, ooppsr and brass. Loon ro Tixnta Yah. A Swiss loom maker, llennegger, baa invented a loom in which the ehuttl s not thrown, but is handed over fiom a do to aid by books, much in th aame manner as the silk loom bandies. A loom on ths priooipls waa shown weaving in th Palis exhibition. I h shuttle is handed by a pecu liar mechanism, o that no strain is exerted upon the tilling, and no friction upon th warp.as the enuiu aoea not run on in warp as in th or dinary loom. POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. The Census Bureau has figured to far upon th returns of population at to reach the con olusion that the total, exclusive of Alaska and that region west of Arkansas known as the In dian Territory, is 60, 152,559. Bat while these figures are official they are not final, and may be changed hereafte in the revisory calcula tions, though it is not likely that such possible ohanges will go above the unit, tens or hun dreds columns. For all practical purpose the total population of the United State and Ter ritories, exolusive ot Alaska and the Indian Territory, may be stated at 50,152,000. The increase since 1870 hat been 11,266,024, or nearly 9J. The present population of the Pa cilia states and Territories, namely, California, Oregon, Nevada, Washington, Idaho, Arizona and Utah, is officially stated as follows: California , Oregon . Nevada Washington Idaho Arizona Utah Tola! ... 864,686 ... 174,767 ... 62,206 ... 76,120 ... -(Mil ... 40,441 .... 148,907 ... 1,983,707 The inorease of this division of the country sinoe 1870 has been 451,800, or 48. The in orease in Nevada was but 6, which ia th low est, while in Washington Territory it was 100$, which is the highest rate. The per cent, of in orease in the Paoitio division is greater than in any other. In the Eastern division, including New York, New England, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, the per cent it bnt 18. In the Wostern division, iooluding Missouri and the Territories of Dakota, Wyoming and Montana, 34. In the southern division, excluding Mis souri and including all the other old slave States, 34. In the district of Columbia, 35. It it now conceded that the apparent large in orease in the Southern 8tatet is due to th fact that thii census waa taken there with more re gard to exactness than any preceding one, while that of 1870 was done in a slovenly and careless manner, not reaching a large mass of the popu lation. There ia but one city in the United States or on the American continent that con tains over 1,000,000 population New York. There are three others that contain over half a million; three others above 300,000; three others above 200,000, including San Franoisco, and ten others above 100,000 The following is a carefully revised list of the cities that overgo 30,000 inhabient eaoh, California having two of them. It will be a good thing to keep for future references ,l,t06,6g00olumbus, O , 846,864 Peterson , 6)KI,ft!ttf Toledo , 608.304 Charleston , M4.M6lK.il River SftO.fiaS Minneapolis tm,iuo imjoh X 16,140 100,148 166,8111 IM.,137 147,607 ..61,664 ..60,687 ..60,14 ..4,l ..49,0o6 ..46,887 ,..46,860 ...48,461 ,..46,(80 ,.. 42,66 ..4X.4W ,..41,66 ,..41,4US .. .68.176 ...68.677 ...18.284 ,,,66,660 ... 64,664 ...64.6VS .. .66.816 ...86,810 ...86.68 ...66,640 ...82.660 ...82.484 ...62,016 ...8i.we ...81,206 ...60.W8 ...60.762 ...0.681 ...8U Cloth oar wheels are td latest Thsy ar th invention of a Frenchman, who ia said to be very aciantifio. New York rtilMulelnhl Hrooklyn Chiero Hoetun HI. Louis Ilalilmore Cincinnati Han Irancieoo New Orlvana f levi-loiid , fttutmrt; llutlalo Waihtniflon Newark Louisville Jersey City iwuu Milwaukee Providence , Albany , Hoeneeter Allegheny, Pa...,. Indianapolis Hlchtnond. New Haven , Lowell Worcester Troy KanaaaClty Ouaindjre, Via. Syracuse.,, , Hcnuiton Nashville Heading Ilertlord Wilmington Camden St. Paul Uvnen. Hub 166,4(10, iMjiao 123.646! Lynn l!S0,748IDenver 116,842 Oakland, Cal H6,678lAllanla 10,86eUtloa 80.0i8! Portland, Me 88,666; Mem phie 78.IW1 HprlriFfleld, Ilia... 76,074 Manchester, N. H. e5,Bosli. Joseph, Mo...., ,(! (Irand Rapids 68,4H6i Wheeling 68,a: Mobile, Ala 66,747 lloboken 66 818 Harrisburt 62.7408avannah 61,7Vlilmahe