May, 1879. '45 AN APPARATUS TO MEASURE THE VARIATIONS OF DAYLIGHT. It is greatly to be desired that a good ami implo method be found of recording ami mean tiring, with soma accuracy, the variationa of daylight throughout the day. Thia would ren der the weather reoord more complete, ami it has an important apecial bearing on plant physiology. An attempt of the kind haa lately been made by a (ierman, Herr Kreualer, who haa bad made for him, by Liebertx, in Bonn, an apparatui with the following arrangement: It constat of a drum, fixed with ita axia iu the nlano of the meridian, and adjuatable ao aa to lie at right anglea to the aun'a raya. Thia drum haa ita border divided into 24 houra 12 noon and 12 midnight lioiug in tho meridian piano. A atrip of paper, eenaitizod with aolu tion of bichromate of potaaiium, and having diviaiona which correspond to thoae on tho drum, ia placed round thia. A aeoond drum closely surrounds tho first, and is turned by clock-work (from which it can be detached) once in 24 houre, in the direction of the sun'a apparent course. The aecond dmm haa a alit for admitting light to the paper; its width ia such that any point on the paper ia exposed 21) soconda as the slit passes over. Tho whole apparatus ia placed iu theo)en air underaglaaa bell jar. Ita arrangement givoa little trouble; the paper atrip has merely to lie placed iu its right position at night or under artificial ahado (to avoid coloration), and the outer drum slid over and ao attached to the rotating axis that the "insolation alit" ia opposite tho hour then present. The slit then begins to move round the inner drum correspondingly to the aun'a courae. The itnpresaod slip, when removed in the evening, may lie "fixed by shortly dipping in water and drying lietween blotting aper, or it may not, lieing quickly read; it ahows a mostly continuous suooesaion of banda of varinua ahadea of black, or rather brown. For com ariaoii, Herr Kreualer made a scale of 10 de grees of darkening, expiaiug strips of the par a given time under different anglea of iucideuta of light, Hands of the exeriiueuUl atrip that apiiear homogeueoua are uow measured with reference to breadth and intensity, and the aum of tho products of those quantities ia taken aa a measure of the action of light raya falling on the inatrument in a given time. The reeulta are conaidered highly aatiafactory. A !IW HTKAM WAtiON. A now style of vehicle, deaigned to bu propelled by ateam, has recently made its apearanoe in luidon. The carriage closely resembloa an ordinary dog cart; tho shafts are very short, ami ita line together, meeting two feet in front of the dashboard; between them there is a third wheel, working upon an upright shaft, which 1. 1 be turned by a handle plaoed the same as that of a bycycle; thia handle ia worked by reina in the handa of the driver. Tho fuel used ia benxine, and the burner used is described as being no larger than an ordinary hat The ateam ia generated in a coil boiler of copper. The tube of which the boiler ia oomxaMd ia atatad to have been tested Ui a pressure of 2, DUO pounds per square inch. This is, however, an unimportant matter, as the explosion of a ooil trailer ia never dangeroua, and only result in putting out the tire and skipping tbe engine. The ordinary steam pressure ia about IK) pounds The vehicle is described aa working very handily anil being under very complete control. Aa only three or four persona are to be carried, the amount of power required ia merely nominal. The speed, if we are not mistaken, was reported at something like 10 miles per hour. II there was any market for tleem road wagona, or rathe? ateam pleasure carriage, there would not be the least difficulty in producing them. The machinery Beaded Is very light and can be towed away beneath the seats or ia the box, while tbe quantity of ooal or bennu nailed is very assail Tbe a peed ol each machine is almost unlimited. Ntean ooachea on good roads THE WEST SHORE. FH i 1 1 LT n ; i imtu ....... aa oigli a ,k or eu ....... 111 an hour, and from 12 to 18 wore ratee that were regularly maintained by some of the Kngliah ateam pa, aenger ooaohea before the railwaya drove them off from tho common roada. Tux PrjatT Sim Bumi in Aiona v. Iu rangemimta have Won concluded by lien l. I). Smith, chief engineer of the Chicago A Alt,.,, railway, for tioiiilructiiig tho first all eteol bridge in America, lien. Smith will be lotiicmliorod by his connection with the United Slates (lov eminent Hoard for Toating the Strength of Iron and Steel, experiiuenta which were carried tut by him several yeara ago. Ilia reaearehea have at last brought him to the coiiuliiaiou that ateel bridge can bo built cltoaicr than iron, and be equal in durability. The bridge will lie erected over the Missouri rivur on the Chicago A Alton WafMIMWIM rim lrviiikh. A good er tide may he made by uaing paralllnc melted with the requisite quantity of dr)ing oil, ami casting it into auitablu hlocka for eulieUeiit us. Thia I icing aofteiird by heat, the leather of aha manufactured article., aa ahoe and liar iiosa, ia coated with it, ami placed near a lira I ur in a warm place, until the composition haa Imwii alieorlicd. When leather baa been I in iireguated with the mixture it ia not only per. leetly waterproof, but It ia also rendered aofter and more durable Shoe retain all their firm. MM ami natural elasticity, and hlackimt make upon litem a Utter mliali than before. Thia name cotuHiettioti ia alao iiaeful for waterproof, mi; woven giMida. It ia placed on the under id of cloth for garments, either by malting ami applying nmdoratoly with a bniah, or by aaV mtl " aBBaaafl WummMt 9f lift I I HI II I nj attw aaV iMrailaV II I I I I K I I H W sBtaa H AN AI'ACHK HVU AW AND I'AI'ltlUHK. railway. It will be of live apana of Xt feel rubbing with a block of Dm nrriaratioa Tha each. The elevation over high water mark will ...mi.lete ,iltuo,t ol it lliimml, 11,-. t,,i, 1. not be lees than M) leet, at which hight tbe effected by paaalng the loth Viet light atee.1 nla of tbe "II .we truaa1' will look ere rebrna ii.ii.. in n,la manner while Ilk silver cohweda, glimmering in the iimahinc Un , repel water, are perfectly pr e.n. t. . , r For all it frail appearance, the bndga will bave lor Una reason they are eupermr to ordinary a strength rracheii by but few exialiug elruc ml loth and rubber gooda. fliey ajaa aj lt lures in the world. The total amount of leel ' tcr than garments made ol rubber aa Ilia lie I 111 tie .Limine 1. ..11 will 1- aliout I, a) ulnd aioaraaea of the . loth u 1 looa, equivalent to alnowt double that quantity of iron. - Amrrttttn J"rmil 0 lm-lulr; Dtw. Mr. lieorga Itmae, who baa Mad X teoslve experiment and nlaarvetiona oa tb formation of daw, tinda that the depth of de vaut la Koglaod m aa eveaing rarely n.oeda a lundmlth part of aa iex.lt; and that the average annual depth of the dew deposited upon the eur (ao ol Um earth doe not exceed an inch and a halt ai.iKaraac ; d b the tree too i t way hanged A iLuaau child had a fall from a eaennd atury - la I llw other day, and hi mnthsr, iu relaUng l 11. el. 1. 1 al a griry store, aatal 1 " Iter dal chibl was a cvmiiig down feat fast, wid every rherv.. ol be,ag kilUaJ. wlwa d Uw.S He turned him over, it ohll etraak oa Ml head, sail dere wasn't an mach a a Im'.ton nw at.