April.
THE WEST SIIOIIE.
125
A COLD POEM.
1 1 Mj i bitch objset to a sdeeze do S'd thed.
It wakedi I Wl up. t'd it dun out the heau
But, when aud it timmT trod bortTl to digbt,
wsMMrbodotoloni wldotrltfev!
I snbtibe quite fieT by head will cub off
Id wud o these wlerw. -they're worn lhad . eourh.
A coiijth torn your Iwdp, but ft sdeexe lean you
through
d--jpHjUdWB!-if( cuhbi'E-ft-tMhwI-ft-tKhoo'
That dothi jr to what K cad do whed it tries!
It rim through hr ulieat. ad tear out at by eve.
Bv dose d by bouth. with a shiveri crm.fi.
That ghatiers by fr.be wud horrible tdwsh'
Ah that u a sdeewl Whed it cuba if. a cruahw-Ad-uu!
it t eubbi'K-ar-r-ruschah:-
ar r r ruseh ah!
Punak.
AIRING BEDS.
No housekeeper has any valid claim to neat
ness, cleanliness and tidiueaa, says the Watch
man, who makes her beds as soon as they are
vacated; or if she has such a claim, it is based
on the condition of ignorance. To demonstrate
this, let it be remembered that of all the food
Md drink taken, about three tilth, pa, out
of the system through the outlets of the skiu
the pores, about seven millions in number.
This waste and effete putrid matter is dwd and
poisonous, passing off more rapidly by night,
and becoming more or less entangled in the
bedding and on the surface of the body. Hence
the necessity for bathing and brushing, with
still greater necessity for airing and purifying
the bedding. This is done most effectually by
exposure in the light of the sun and in the
morning air. Indeed, the sun is the great pu
rifier, and "nothing is hid from the heat
thereof." And here it may bo remembered
that the beddiug of the sick, so soon saturated
by the filth of acute disease, by being ohwgtd
once in at least six hours, and exposed to the
free sunlight for the same time, will be safe
with half the washing otherwise absolutely
needed. Such clothes cannot lie kept too clean,
while there is no danger of too much care in
these respects, as one of the means of controll
ing such acute diseases as fevers and inflamma
tions. The Dutch method of placing all of the mov
able clothes of the bed on two chairs near the
window, allowing them to remain till afternoon,
might well be copied by Yankee housekeepers.
Cold is the Eyes. The white matter appear
iug at times, usually in the morning, on the
eyes and around the eyelids, is caused by a cold
settling in the eyes, irritating them ami causing
a mucus deposit not very unlike the mucus de
posited on the membrane of thu throat from
similar causes. As the eye is quiet and closed
during sleep, at night, tins deixwit forms in suf
ficient ouantity w be iien-eptitde iu the morn
ing, and sometimes, frequently in the case of
children, gums the lids together. As to the
cure, it-should lie strictly observed that this
matter must never lie pulled or picked from the
eyelids, nor the eye opened by any force. Tho
best thing to do is to wash the eye very care
fully in tepid, or lukewarm water, nothing else,
using a soft sponge, until the white matter is
washed away aim the eye is clear. This will
require patience, as it must Iw soaked off, not
rubbed off'. If the eye then shows any -l lis of
inflammation by redness, or pain, a wash will
be necessary. The simplest is made by dissolv
ing a small piece of common borax in a cupful
of strong green tea, and wash the eye with it
often. Another is mule by putting a few drops
of cream or very tine sweet oil, into the eye.
Hut if the eye bo very red, the nearest druggist
will make you a weak solution of sugar of lead
and water for a wash. This mixture must be
handled with great care. It is a rank p lisou if
taken internally, ami as it resembles milk and
taste's sweet, it must be locked up where it can
not lie mistaken. If used on children's eyes, bu
careful they do not put their tlngera to the eye
and then suck them. Should thu eye grow
worse, call in a good doctor, and do what he
says. You cannot afford to run any risk at all
with your eye. 1 hiring all such abnormal con
ditions of the eye as indicated by these secre
tions and inflammation, it should be carefully
shaded and rested. Especially bright lights,
reading of all kinds, exposure to sudden changes
from light to darkness, etc., must lie studiously
avoided. A little negligence in these things
may easily bring on inflammation of the optic
nerve, or chronic weakness, causing weeks of
confinement in a dark room, and very probable
permanent injury to these very delicate organs.
Tomato ami BRaJI Hon. For two quart
of broth, soak a quart of ln-ans over night, in
plenty of clear water. In the morning drain,
and put them into the broth, together with a
quart of tomatoes, and two quarts of water.
Lot all boil together until the bfJMU are soft,
then mash them through the cullender and
strain the broth onto them. I'ut this into a
eleati saucepan and return to the tire. If too
thick, add hot mater; if too thin, let it boil un
til thick enough, than season to taste with cat
sup, pepper, and essence of eelery. Au OtnOB
added to the soup while Liiling, will improve it
formally, and fresh celery roots also, if they are
to lie had in which case tho MMDOt of celery
may be dtOpMHtd m ith. Dried pea soup made
in the same manner i. excellent. To make
either of these soups without the broth, use
four quarts of water, a slice of salt ork. a few
scraps or bones of beef or veal, to u quart of peas
or beans, ami a quart of tomatoes. It will re
quire sltout three hours boiling. Cut stale
bread into mail diamonds; fry them in lulling
drippings; drain well; place them in the bottom
of the tureen, and turn the soup over them.
Pateht No. 200.001). Among the patent
leaving the Patent Office on a recent date, say
the Scientific A mrrican, i one ieeued for a carbu
reter, which bears the number 200,(MI. This,
however, i not the whole number of patent
that have been iaaued, but only those granted
since the reorganitation of the office iu lS3ti, a
txfore that (period the patent were not num
bered. The whole number of patent issued from
WOt the reorganisation in MM numbered 1 1,
340. By adding these U the No. 200,000 above
referred to, we get 1)1,141 a the whole number
of patent. The average number of patents
issued yearly, up to and including 136, was
347. the average since that time was 4,839.
LABOR-SAVING MACHINERY INMAS8A.
CHUSKTTS.
A feature of the Massachusetts census of
manufacturers of 1876, descrring special m
tice, is the showing made in regard to the of
feet of labor-saving machinery on the produc
tion of some of the leading staples. We f; i
that, with 94,161 hands employe,! in 8M
there were produced 17o,87.,000 yards of godB
a ratio of 7,850 yards to each employee In I87fl
there were produced, S74.7SO.lHH) yards by (id'
I7ti employees, or about 18,818 yards to each
hand. This shows that with an increase of a
little over 149 , duriug the ten years in the
number of hands employed, the quantity of
cloth produced was increased nearly gra
Woolen good" also make a very striking
hibit. For 1866 the production is pWcd at
40,008,141 pud, and the numlwr of employees
at 18,768, For 1876 the prodaotioa is to u
280 yard, and 10,088 employees, showing au
increase of In production to I in the
number of employees. The Dumber ol pairs of
boots and shoes made in lSli,"i was 11 870 'iSl
and number of employee. 68,881. and' in fS;;
B9J6S,860 pairs with 48,000 employees. '
This is probably the most inq.ort.-uit ihowtnfl
made, the production during the ten years hav
ing been increased nearly 88 , while the force
employed was less by 4,7.11. The product of
carpetings in 1878 increased fourfold as com
pared with 18tio, while the increase of force em
ployed was less than half' the amount The
average value of bouts and shoes produced in
TESTS OF FORKING COALS.
The Government of Mauritius having Iwcomo
anxious to settle the vexed queetiou ot the re
spective merits of naval coals, they ordered
some experiments, the result of w hich are sum
marised, Mow. The trials were made on board
tho Victoria under almost precisely the same
conditions as nearly all these kinds of coal are
brought to this port and used by our coal con
sinners; these results will DO 01 loot interest.
It mas found that judging by the standard ot
economy, Cardiff ranks first, Wing followed by
Sydney, NtW South Wales; the third place is
occupied by West Hartley; Ltinhton, Now
South Wales, stands fourth; while Scotch coal
stands last Judging, however, by the stand
ard of ash production, the order is the exact
reverse. Scotch 1 (i.c.t formed least ash);
Lunbton, New South Wales, 2; West Hartley
3; Sydney, New South Wales. 4; Cardiff. ,
For maintaining a regular supply of steam at a
certain pressure (10 pound persona inch),
the samples gave the following result: ljuub
ton, Now South Wales, 1 hvt steaming J; West
Hartley, 2; Scotch, 3; Syduey, New South
Wale. 4; Cardiff, A. Comparing tho cost per
ton of coals here, they take the following order:
Scotch, 1 tho ehe,itestl: West Hartley
2, Cardiff, ;t; Sydney, 4; Unibton, A.
Tho officers are therefore of opinion that on
tho score of economical eoiiMiiiiptinn, free itoilll
Ug qualities, comparative freedom from ashes,
and lowuess of price, the Scotch 001 takes the
first place, and West Hartley or Newcastle
PASSENGER riQEOIt.
I84A ma 70 cents r pair; in IN,V, Ml rent.; iu
IW15, 81. 80 and 187A, l.Aff. The value of caqiet-
mgs m a 88 por yard In I, and lees than 7.t
cents Jut yard iu IK7A w hich shows the source
of the immense supply of dollar carictiiiga.
The great reduetion in the number ef employees
iu the clothing busiiie shorn, to what an ex
tent the sewing machiue, the machine .hear and
and more careful gradation, of "ready-made"
have superseded the need of the tailor ami the
needle woman. A'. . An'fjj JtutUtin.
Imitation' Tfkha Cotta. -The following
rooipt from the 1 PUhntfUi will enable
our readers to convert plaster cast IfltO excel -leut
imitations of terra-cotta ware: The color
required are brick red, lamimlack. zinc white,
and yellow ochre, all in powoer. The object to
bl treated is lirat carefully ruhld with "III)'1
sand-paier, a t remove all roughness of the
surface or ndgea indicating where the part of
the mold have Iwen joined. The mixed color con
sist of yellow ochre two part, brick red two
Crts, and black one part These are well rub
1 together. Then three part of cine white
are parat.lv mixed w ith little milk to pate.
All the ingredient are then combined iu a mor
tar with eight or ten part of milk, and the re
sulting mixture is iatud through a fine sieve to
remove any particle of the white. A soft
brush is then used to spread th stain over the
object, care being taken to lay it on evenly.
After '14 hours' drying a second coat is applied.
When the article is completely dry, rubbing with
the finger will eliminate brush marks.
coal the Nccond, A judicious mi Uure of these
two kinds of coal, in prXmottlon of fart-thlrd
Weat Hartley to two-thirds Scotch, mould prob
ably, they consider, give excellent result. No
direct exjerimeiits were carried oq nooo the
railway, as it has long tieen known liy one of
the membera of the trial, committee, that Au.
tralian I.in.I t.-m and .Smith York.hire are the
moat suitable and economical for the engine
upon this railway. Cardiff is unsuitable iroin
its intense heat and quantity of ash formed.
Scotch is not me. -ban leal I y strong enough to
reHt the intense blast
ElaUTUra a Cirv ii v Sir.AM. The eijteriment
of heating the city of LOOkpOft, N. ., by
steam ha pnrtd highly nun.aful. Three
mile, of plpti proierly covered mith non-con-ducting
uiAtenal, laid underground through
ome priucil atrecU, radite from a reutral
holW house, aud different dwellings and
other ntilice, iucluduig one large public school
building, have liven thoroughly ai no d all w in
ter. I 'welling, more than mile distut from
the steam generator are heated a readily a
thoe next door Steam meters are provided,
so that each customer need pay only for what
he cousumea. It is claimed that the system
can he so develop,! a to furnish stearn at M
pounds preuure tranaunlU d through 211 mile
of pipe, thu supplying iower for engine and
mauufactoriea, aud steam for cooking ud laun
dry purji, for eitinguuihing courlagrations,
for clearing atreet of or snow, or protecting
hydrant from frost
THE "QUEEN'S PIPE,"
The following is an extract from Mr. P. L.
Simmoud' work on "Waste l'roduct and Un
developed BttbftaDON'1 "hi the ver- center of
the large tobMOO warehouses iu the Loudon
docks there is a great kiln, familiarly known as
the V ueeii s Tolucco Pipe,' winch consumes a
waste' an enormous quantity of article. The
tire of thk furnace never gwsout, day or night.
Mom ear to year. Thcjv is au attendant who
supplies it With its fuel a. it can take it, aud
men. during the daytime, are constantly com
ing laden with great loads of tobfjOOO, cigars,
aud other valuable inerebandise condemned to
tho tlames. Whatever is forfeited, ami is too
bad for sale, be it whatever it may l is doomed
to the kiln. At the otherdocks damaged goods
are buried till they are partly rotten, and then
taken up and disposed Ot as rubbish or manure.
Here the neeu Pipe', Bucks all up, except
the greater quantity of the sea, which, having
once set the chimney of the kiln on tire, is now
rarely burnt. And strange are the thing, that
HOinetiuie. come to this perpetually burning
furnace On one OMMiN the attendant in
fonne.1 01 he found 800 Australian inuttoii
ham. Those were warehoused More the duty
came oil'. The owners suffered them to remain
till the duty ceased, iu hopes of their Iwing ex.
enipt from it; but thi. not being allowed, thoy
were left till so damaged as to bt unsalable.
Yet good many, the man declared, were ex
cellent, aud ho often made a capital addition to
hia breakfast from t'ie roast that for some time
was so inloriferously going on. On another
occasion he burnt IH.000 pair of condemned
French glovos. In one department of the place
often lie many tons of the ashes from the fur
nace, which are sold by auction by the ton to
gardeners and farmer, as manure, and for kill
uig lufOOU, or to soap-Uulers and chemical
manufacturer. In a corner ate generally piled
curt loads of nails and other piece, of iron
which have Wen swept up from the floor or
have remained in (be broken pieces of casks
and box which go to the kiln.
L'HKRSK FliOM POTATOES,
A foreign journal dworibtl tho process of
making a sort of cheese from potatoes in Thur
ingia and Saxony. It is as follow: After hav
ing collected a quantity of potatoes of gind
quality, giving the preference to a large, white
kind, they arc boiled m a caldron, and after U
coming cool, they are jioelod and reduced to a
pulp, cither by an. of a grater or mortar.
Co tn- pound, of tin pulp, w hich ought to he
at equal at DOItiul, one pound of .our milk
and the uece.ary quantity of salt. The wliole
is kneaded together, and the mixture covered
up and allowed to lie for three or four days, ac
cording to the seji.ou. At the end of this time
if is knew led anew, and the cheeses are placed
in little basket., when tho lUpWfluOOl moisture
eeaprw. Th(0 are then allowed to tlry iu the
.hade, ud placed in layer iu Inrgc vesels,
where they must rem Hi i lor fifteen days. The
older these oh.MM are tho more thuir quality
imi.rovcH.
Three kinds are made the first aud moat
OOrUnfon U nade Hi detailed above; thu .ecoiul,
with font' part, of .itaUies and two parts of
curdled milk; the third, with two parts ol no
tallies ami four part, of cow or own milk.
These cheese. bate this advantage over other
kind., that they do not engender worms, aud
keep fresh for a ntUnbif of years, provided
they are placed in a dry titUWM and iu well
closed veaaels.
THK PASSKNHKIt PHiKON.
The pa.heiiger pigeon, or wild pigeon of
Amarion, range, far to the north and aouth of
the Unitod State., iiml we.lmard to the Itooky
' mtaiiis; but is rare) met with except in
I'ouimunitics of million or billion., requiring
(br their rooNtmg place an immemMi forest, the
trees of which are MKM eni.hcd and blighted by
their weight. Tbil extraohlinary gregarious
lies, is wholly iiiexplii:able,
The homo, or nMisting place, of this pigeon is
selected with referein-e to tho abundance of
bitoh ami oak mast in the vicinity; that ii tu
.ay, within a few hundred mile; for it is al
leged of them that they liy at tho rate of a
mile a minute. Indi-ed, altbought thoy digest
rice in 12 hours, fiMwl of this kind, which must
have I wen procured in the Held, of South Cam
liua or iuorgia, has btW found undigested iu
thu stomach, of passenger pigeon killed in
New York.
A .Uwri.ck'h Tur roh (1oli. A liquid for
testing gold, says thu Jru-flrr tmt SUfVtmttk,
may M pjukU with two ounces of nitric acid,
four dram, of water, and one scruple of munatie
acid. The articles should U well mixed to
guther aud kept ready for line in a .topprrcd
gla. Inittle, and the toper should have a glaas
prong dijping Into the mixture, so that when it
is taken out, the article to ho tested may be
tom bed b this prong with MM of the liquid
upon it Hut bifori tom bing with tho moid
file should U drawn over some part of I ho
article, so aa to make I'ertain that it i not . ilt
or plated, ami the liquid should lw Applied to
tho place of the tile marks; if tho metal is le
the fraud will lie imiiiediately detectwl, as the
acid would have io effect M gold. (Vualitie
al.tve nine carat m ill itaud this teat. The acid
mould IhuI more or less green iu inferior quali
ties; if alloyed with au eitra quantity of silver
they will only liartillv staml this teat, but th
color of the gold would thou he considerably
pab r, which would afford guide to ita value.
The (Ikowtii or aSIih. .Homo idea of tho
rapid and gigantic growth of tho llntish Me
tropolis may Im (aintsl (rem the statiatiu re
cently lunuahod by Col. Hendereon, Conunis
loner of the lalSdM MetroMlitan Police. He
say tht ilunng tho paat year 2211 new stroeU
ami three new iuare have been ojirued and
handoil nvrr to tfie -!. Thoy oitriul over
Afl mile. 1,074 yanls. Twelve thousand nine
hundred and thirty-eight now houae were
built during the year, and 4, IAI were in course
of erection, a considerable increase alxivo pre
vious year. One thusaud two hundred and
forty-seven mile of now atreet have been
ojwuod in WM1 since IH.'hJ, and theie seem
no tendency to detreaae in tbeanuual rate of
progression. Amtrtcan Itutbltr.